2015年考研英语一第一篇阅读真题分析

2015年考研英语一第一篇阅读真题分析

2015年这篇阅读文章的选择依然延续了考研英语选材的一贯做法，选自2014年6月4日《卫报》上一篇名为Is the writing on the wall for all European royals?(所有欧洲皇室注定要失败吗?)的文章。主要讨论了西班牙胡安·卡洛斯国王退位这一事件对欧洲诸多皇室的影响，尤其是对英国皇室的影响。总体来说，作为今年阅读题型的第一篇，文章在内容上难度稍大，尤其是里面涉及到了一些人名、地名的专有名词以及非常地道的英式习语表达等等。但是，如果纯就题目来说的话，难度倒不是很大，答案的出处也比较容易找到。接下来就文章具体的题目来进行深入的解析。

21、According to the first two paragraphs, King Juan Carl of Spain

[A] used to enjoy high public support

[B] was unpopular among European royals

[C] ended his reign in embarrassment

[D] cased his relationship with his rivals

答案：[C] ended his reign in embarrassment

解析：题目中明确提到答案的范围是在前面两段，而关键词又是King Juan Carl of Spain，那么根据关键词可以主要定位到第一段。在第一段中，对于King Juan Carl of Spain这个人的主要描述就是King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted kings don’t abdicate, they die in their sleep. But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.

根据题目所给的四个选项，可以发现C项ended his reign in embarrassment(在窘迫中结束了他的统治)正好讲的就是第二句话的内容：But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.(但是令人窘迫的丑闻以及在最近欧洲选举中所呈现的共和制的盛行都迫使他食言而退位。)

至于其余三个选项：[A] used to enjoy high public support(过去受到民众的高度支持)、[B] was unpopular among European royals(在欧洲皇室中不受欢迎)、[D] cased his relationship with his rivals(缓和了与对手的关系)在文章中都不曾提到。

22、Monarchs are kept as head of state in Europe mostly

[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status

[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality

[C] to give voters more public figures to look up to

[D] due to their everlasting political embodiment

答案：[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status

解析：从几个选项来看，题目问“在欧洲君主被保持为国家首脑”的原因或目的。根据阅读题型的命题规律，一般来说该题的答案定位应该是在接下来的第三段。而根据关键词head of state有又可进一度确定为第三段。第三段中，第一句讲It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs continuing popularity as heads of states.(正是这种显然的政治

优越性才能解释君主为什么能持续广泛地担任国家首脑。)这种优越性指的就是上面的monarchs can rise above “mere”politics and “embody”a spirit of national unity(君主能超越单纯的政治而成为国家统一的精神代表)。由此，可以判断[D] due to their everlasting political embodiment(由于他们永恒的政治代表性)是错误的，因为文章明确说明“君主不再是单纯的政治代表”，除此之外，everlasting也带有绝对性，因此可以首先排除。接下来第二句话讲的是欧洲的皇室之多，与题目无关。第三句But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.(但是不像海湾地区和亚洲绝对专制的君主，在欧洲大多数皇室都存活下来，因为他们让选民不用历经磨难就可找到一个不受争议而备受尊重的公众人物。)其实意思也就是说大多数的欧洲皇室都是不受争议而备受尊重的，这正进一步解释了他们为什么能持续担任国家首脑，也就是[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status。这里，undoubted= non-controversial，respectable= respected。此外，[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality、[C] to give voters more public figures to look up to 都是目的，而文章里面并没有提到目的，因此可以排除。

23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?

[A] Aristocrats’excessive reliance on inherited wealth.

[B] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.

[C] The role of the nobility in modern democracies.

[D] The nobility’s adherence to their privileges.

答案：[C] The role of the nobility in modern democracies.

解析：根据题干，可得：答案定位在第四段;题目问“下面哪个是怪异的?”。在第四段中并没有odd这个单词，那么可以退而求其次找具有“怪异的”意思的单词。由此，可以找到bizarre(怪异的)。整句话At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.(有段时间托马斯?品克以及其他经济学家一直在向人们警示遗传性财产的愈加不公平以及越来越大的权力，但是很怪异的却是这些富有的贵族家庭竟然仍是现代民主国家的象征性核心。)由此，可得出[C] The role of the nobility in modern democracies.(在现代民主中贵族的角色)是该题的答案。其余三个都属干扰选项。

24. The British royals “have most to fear”because Charles

[A] takes a tough line on political issues.

[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised.

[C] takes republicans as his potential allies.

[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role.

答案：[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised.

25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?

[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined

[B] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs

[C] Charles, Slow to React to the Coming Threats

[D] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne

答案：[B] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs

解析：本题属主旨题。全文通过西班牙国王退位事件来引入话题，全文大部分篇幅都讨论了欧洲君主制是否会走向失败这一论题，并解释了君主制的优劣。只是在最后两段中才将

此话题切到了君主制在现实中的体现及问题，作为《卫报》文章，讨论的当然就是英国君主制了。但是这并不是全文的主要内容，因此选项中可排除C、D选项。剩下A、B选项中，卡洛斯国王退位事件只是用来引入话题，并非全文都在讨论这个国王本身，因此可排除A 选项。因此答案为B，文章主讲退位事件对欧洲其他皇室及君主的影响。

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2017考研英语阅读每日精选：预算趣录 在考研英语中，阅读分数可谓是占到了总分的半壁江山，正所谓“得阅读者得考研”。对于备考考研的同学们，在平时的复习中一定要拓展阅读思路，各类话题都要关注，这样才能在整体上提升考研英语阅读水平!一起来学习吧! Fun on a budget 预算趣录 Congress is incapable of restraining spending. Itshould let the president try 国会无力控制开支，也许该放手让总统一试 AT THE end of Barack Obama's budget, which waspublished on February 2nd, the administration thanks 614 people by name for putting thething together. It adds that “hundreds, perhaps thousands”of nameless others also helped.There is something depressing about the effort that went into producing the document. Thebudget is an admirable piece of work which contains many good ideas, from cuts in farmsubsidies to an increase in tax credits for childless workers. There is, however, a grammaticalmistake repeated throughout it. “The budget will”, the president writes, when what he means isthat his budget would, in the unlikely event that Congress were ever to pass it. 奥巴马总统的财政年度预算于2月2日公布，在预算案的最后，政府向614人致谢，感谢他们为预算案形成所作出的贡献。它也指出“成百甚至上万的无名之士同样做出了贡献”。但为文件形成所付出的努力中，有一些让人沮丧的部分。从削减农产品补助到增加对无子工人的免税额度，该份预算案包含了许多好想法，堪称一项壮举。但却有一个语法错误贯穿始终。总统写道“预算案将……”，但其实，他是想说，预算案幻想，因为国会绝不会通过该项议案。 As a guide to what the federal government might look like if America were a monarchy, or as acompendium of interesting policies, the president's budget is a good read—but not muchmore. A similar criticism applies to most proposals that come out of the budget committees inCongress. This is because no group or individual is responsible for the 4 trillion federal budget,a fact that helps explain how it manages to be both profligate and stingy, and is forever in thered. 如果这项议案是作为一本指南，描述美国如果是一个君主制国家将会如何，或者是一本大纲，介绍有趣的政策，那这会是一本佳作，但这项议案的功能，仅此而已。国会的预算委员会出台的提案，也大多如此。这是因为没有任何团体或个人直接对四万亿的联邦预算负责，这个事实也说明了为什么政府既挥霍无度又吝啬小气，而且长期处于赤字。 The president's budget would not change that. He has declared an end to “mindlessausterity”, but does not seem to care much for the thoughtful sort either. In previousbudgets he offered to trim entitlements a bit in return for tax increases. Republicans inCongress rejected this, and Democrats who supported the president's budget were rewardedwith attack adverts in the mid-terms claiming that they wanted to raise the retirement age andslash Medicare. He now proposes higher taxes, more spending and continued deficits. Publicdebt would stay at its current level, around 75% of GDP, for the next decade. By 2025,according to the bipartisan Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget, annual interestpayments would rise from 1.3% to 2.8% of GDP (nearly 800 billion, or enough to pay a year'stuition at Harvard, at current prices and with no financial aid, for 18m students). 奥巴马总统的预算案亦不能扭转乾坤。他叫停了“愚蠢的紧缩”，但却似乎也不想做出 1

2017年考研英语二真题及答案解析

2017年考研英语二真题 Section I Use of English Directions： Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different，with academics，writers，and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital，and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.. A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort，one 4 by purposelessness：Without jobs to give their lives 5 ，people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans. Also，some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental-health problems，and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future. But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work，a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today，the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring，degrading，unhealthy，and a waste of human potential，” says John Danaher，a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway. These days，because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers，people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s w ork，I often feel 18 ，” Danaher says，adding，“In a world in which I don’t have to work，I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters. 1. [A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring 2. [A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty 3. [A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction 4. [A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured 5. [A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom 6. [A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless 7. [A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated 8. [A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute 9. [A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among 10. [A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside 11. [A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically 12. [A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles 13. [A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course