高考情态动词练习题及答案

高考情态动词练习题及答案

一、单项选择情态动词

1．---We want someone to design the new art museum for me.

---_____ the young fellow have a try?

A．Shall B．May C．Will D．Need

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：——我们想找人为我设计一个新的艺术博物馆。——是不是让这位年轻小伙子试一试？shall作为情态动词,用于二三人称,表示"询问"，"警告"，"允诺"，"命令"，"决心"，"强制"等语气。will作为情态动词，用于主语是各种人称的陈述句中，表示"意愿"和"倾向"。用于第二人称的疑问句中，表"请求"。故选A。

2．They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they __________to our help.

A．would have come B．could come

C．have come D．had come

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：本句考查的是一个含蓄的虚拟条件句，句中的or相当于if they had not gone abroad.因为前面句中使用的是were，说明这个虚拟语气是与过去事实相反，所以主句中使用的是“情态动词+have done”的形式。句意：当我们在做调查的那几个月里，他们一直在国外，否则的话他们早就来帮助我们了。故A正确。

3．Using AI， many companies are now conducting experiments that__________ possible just a few years ago．

A．would have been B．might have been

C．shouldn't have been D．couldn't have been

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词表推测。句意：很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。根据“a few years ago”可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldn’t have done，故D 项正确。

4．—I have something important to tell John. Bu t I can’t find him.

—His cell phone is here, so he ________ have gone too far.

A．mustn’t B．needn’t

C．wouldn’t D．can’t

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：——我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。——他的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能……，用can’t have done。故选D。

5．---Hi, Johnson, any idea where Susan is?

---It is class time, so she __________ in the classroom now.

A．can be B．must have been

C．might have been D．should be

【答案】D

【解析】

考查情态动词的用法。A. can be可能，可以是；B. must have been一定（对过去事实肯定的推测）；C. might have been可能（对过去事实肯定的推测）；D. should be应该是。句意：—知道苏珊在哪里吗？—现在是上课时间，她应该在教室里。故答案选D。

6．The room is so clean. He ________ have cleaned it yesterday evening.

A．will B．need

C．can D．must

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词表推测。句意：房间如此干净，他一定是昨天晚上打扫过了。must have done 表示对过去发生的事情有把握的猜测，意思是“一定（做过）”，故D项正确。

7．I often f elt troubled in my teens and my grandma ________ comfort me, saying “Life is like that, dear”.

A．would B．might C．should D．must

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：在我十几岁的时候，我经常感到烦恼，我的奶奶会安慰我说，“生活就是这样，亲爱的”。此处是would+动词原形，表示“过去总是做某事”。故选A。

8．—What happened to the young trees we planted last week?

—The trees ________ well, but I didn’t water them.

A．might grow B．needn’t have grown

C．would have grown D．would grow

【答案】C

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。——我们上周种的小树怎么了?——这些小树本来会长得很好,但是我们没有给它们浇水。根据语境可知,此处是对过去的事实进行假设,故本题选C。

9．—What’s wrong with you?

—Oh, I am sick. I ________ so much ice cream just now.

A．shouldn’t eat B．mustn’t eat

C．couldn’t have eaten D．shouldn’t have eaten

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：——你怎么了？——我生病了，我刚才不应该吃那么多冰激凌。A. shouldn’t eat不应该吃；B. mustn’t eat禁止吃；C. couldn’t have eaten不可能吃；D. shouldn’t have eaten本来不应该吃。根据just now可知，是发生在过去，故选D。

10．No student ________ go out of school to have lunch without permission of the headteacher. A．might B．must

C．shall D．could

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：未经校长允许，任何学生不得离开学校去吃午饭。might可能；must一定，必须；shall会，将；could能够。本句是一条禁令。shall用于肯定句并且主语是第一、三人称时，表示允诺，警告，劝告等语气。故选C。

11．I love the weekend, because I ________ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. A．mustn’t B．needn’t

C．wouldn’t D．shouldn’t

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：我喜欢周末，因为周六周日不必早起。A. mustn’t不能，禁止；B. needn’t不必；C. wouldn’t不会；D. shouldn’t不应该。此处表示“不必”，故B项正确。

12．—I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there?

—I __________. But my car ___________ .

A．would; was fixed B．would have; was fixed

C．would have; was being fixed D．did; was being fixed

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意：---我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢？---我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情，应该用would have done；而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候，表示过去正在进行的动作，故答案选C。

13．My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he ______ your lecture. A．shouldn’t have attended B．couldn’t have attended

C．mustn’t have attended D．needn’t have attended

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考查情态动词用法。Shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；couldn’t have done不可能做某事（对过去情况的推测）；needn’t have done本不需要做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；句意：我的姐姐昨天下午在街上遇见了他，所以他不可能去听了你的演讲。故B正确。

考点：考查情态动词用法

点评：考本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done 本应该做而实际未做。can’t have done 过去不可能做了某事；shouldn’t have done 本不应该做而实际做了。 need have done 本有必要做某事；needn’t have done 本没有必要做某事；注意没有mustn’t have done的形式。

14．It ________ be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock.

A．mustn't B．can't

C．won't D．needn't

【答案】B

【解析】

D[考查虚拟语气。句意：不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。mustn't 禁止，不允许；can't 不可能；won't 不愿意，就是不，偏不；needn't 不需要。]

15．Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You ________ have fixed full attention on it.

A．can B．should

C．need D．might

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：看！你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构，can have done 表示可能；need表示需要；might have done表示可能做过某事；故选B。

16．According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one _____ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies.

A．can B．shall C．will D．may

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：根据最新发行的关于网络视频服务的规章，任何人都不可以使用此类技术生成、发行或者传播虚假消息。A. can 能够，有时会；B. shall 一三人称表示征求对方意见；二三人称陈述句，表示允诺、威胁、恐吓或法律条文的规定。C. will 意愿；D. may 也许，可能。根据前面的regulation（规定）可知，本题选shall更加合理。故选B。

17．Students ____ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected according to the regulation.

A．would B．shall C．will D．could

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：学生们必须呆在自己的座位上，直到所有的试卷都被收回。根据句意，“学生们呆在自己的座位上”是一项规定。shall 可表示某种规定或义务，用于第二、三人称的句子中。而其他情态动词无此用法。故正确答案为B。

18．While it wasn’t the goal of the trip, I was rewarded with fresh insights, ones that ________ to me during the regular course of business.

A．might never happen B．could never have happened

C．should not happen D．needn’t have happened

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：虽然这并不是这次旅行的目的，但我得到了一些新的领悟，那些领悟在我的日常生活中是本不可能发生的。此处考查虚拟语气，“我得到新的领悟”发生在过去，故此处是与过去事实相反，应用could/might/would/need/should+have done，“本不可能发生”是could never have happened，故选B项。

【点睛】

本题考查“情态动词+have done”的虚拟语气，其常用表达有：

could have done本能做某事而未做couldn’t have done不可能做了某事

should have done本应该做某事而未做shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事而做了

would have done本会某事而未做wouldn’t have done本不会做某事而做了

need have done本需要做某事而未做needn’t have done本不必要做某事而做了

19．Mr. Smith is almost on time for everything. How ________ it be that he was late for the meeting?

A．can B．should C．may D．must

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：史密斯先生几乎任何事情都是准时的。他怎么可能开会迟到了？ A. can可能，可能性，表示可能性时，常用于否定句和疑问句中，且有时还带有“惊奇、不相信” 等感情色彩。B. should 应该； C. may也许，表示可能性时常用于肯定句中，不用于疑问句中。D.must常用于肯定句中表推测，“一定……”的意思；本题是强调句型的一个变式：强调其特殊疑问句how的形式。根据前句“斯密斯先生几乎是很准时”可推测出“怎么可能开会迟到呢？”。根据句意可知，用于疑问句中的“可能性”且有不相信的色彩，四个选项只有“can”符合题意。故选A

【点睛】

情态动词就是表示说话者对事情的一种看法，也就是一种语气。情态动词的用法一直是命题者常设置的考点和重点，平时要加强记忆。

20．AI will surely be a feature of future life, but it _____ be used responsibly and in a proper way. A．can B．need C．must D．will

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：人工智能肯定会成为未来生活的一个特征，但必须以负责任的方式和适当的方式使用它。A. can能够；B. need需要；C. must必须；D. will将会。此处为情态动词的一般用法，结合句意表示“必须”，故选C。

21．He ______ writing the paper now. He hadn’t written a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.

A．shouldn’t be B．can’t have finished

C．can’t be D．mustn’t have finished

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查推测句。句意：他现在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时，他还没有写一个

字。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为can’t have done不可能做某事，故选B项。

【点睛】

本题考查推测句

对过去情况的肯定推测是must have done

对过去情况的否定推测是can’t/couldn’t have done

例如:

The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.

He can’t have finished his work, because he played baske tball all day yesterday.

22．According to the latest rule, people _______sort household garbage into four categories. A．can B．shall C．may D．need

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：根据最新的规定，人们应该把生活垃圾分成四类。A. can能；B. shall应该；C. may也许；D. need需要。shall用于第二人称表示承诺、命令、警告、威胁

的口吻，这里是指法令规定了……，因此用shall。故选B。

23．I ______my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes.

A．should pass B．could have passed

C．had passed D．must have passed

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意为:我本来能够轻松地通过这次考试的，但是我犯了太多愚蠢的错误。结合语境可知，此处考查虚拟语气，且与过去的事实相反，应用

could/would/might have done的结构，could have passed本能通过（事实上未通过），故选B项。

【点睛】

本题考查情态动词的过去式+have done的虚拟语气的用法，常见结构有should/shouldn’t have done; could/couldn’t have done/ would/wouldn’t have done/ need/ needn’t have done/ might have done

例如：

Without your h elp, I couldn’t have passed the test.如果没有你的帮助，我本不能通过测试。

It cleared up, I needn’t have brought the umbrella.天放晴了，我本没有必要带伞的。

24．He _____ his stay in France, didn't he? He looks amazingly different.

A．will have enjoyed B．should have enjoyed

C．can have enjoyed D．must have enjoyed

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done。句意：他在法国一定过得很愉快，是吗?他看起来很不一样。must have done一定做某事。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测。由“ He looks amazingly different.”可知，他在法国一定过得很愉快。所以这是对过去事情的较有把握的推测。故选D项。

25．Every coin has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, ________ just be noise to others. A．must B．should C．may D．would

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：任何事物都有两面性。美丽的歌曲，有时候，对别人来说也许是噪音。A. must一定，表示肯定推测；B. should应该；C. may也许，可能；D. would将会，表示对将来的推测。分析句子可知，此处应该表示可能的推测，“美丽的歌曲，有时候，对别人来说也许是噪音。”。结合选项，故选C。

26．We ______ have watered th ese flowers yesterday. Today’s rain will be too much for them. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．may not D．mustn’t

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：我们昨天不应该给这些花浇水。今天的雨对他们来说太大了。A. can’t不可能；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. may not或许不会；D. mustn’t禁止，不允许。情态动词的完成时should’t have done“本不应该做而做了”。根据T oday’s rain will be too much for them.可知，此处指昨天不应该给这些花浇水。故选B。

【点睛】

情态动词+ have done结构：

1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.

2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气较can弱。如：He can't have finished the work so soon.

3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推

测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can或could，如：They may not have known it beforehand.

4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多余，如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.

5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought to的语气比should强一些。如：You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的。（但没有）

He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事。（可是做了）

6.“would + have + 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.

Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.

27．— J im ________ what I said annoying though he didn’t say anything.

— So you mean you will have to apologize to him?

A．must find B．might find C．should have found D．must have found 【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查must have done结构。句意：——吉姆一定觉得我说的话很让人烦，尽管他什么也没说。——所以你是说你得向他道歉？根据“though he didn’t say anything.”可知此处表示对过去事情的肯定推测，用must have done表示“过去一定做了……”，故D项正确。

28．—It's so cold here! Why haven't you turned on your air-conditioner?

—Well, it ______ turn on.

A．shouldn't B．can't C．won't D．shan't

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：——这里太冷了！你为什么不把空调打开呢？——嗯，这个空调老是打不开。A. shouldn't不应该；B. can't不能；C. won't偏偏不，老是不，此处是表示习惯或倾向；D. shan't不会。这里使用will的否定won't表示事物的自然属性“空调总是开不开”。故选C项。

29．We’ll make the final decision on our scheme. ______ you change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible.

A．Should B．Were C．Would D．Had

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用should+动词原形，省略if，

should提前，陈述句是：If you should change your mind……。故选A。

【点睛】

虚拟语气中的倒装

当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，移至句首：

1）If he should fail, he would kill himself.

→Should he fail, he would kill himself.

万一失败，他就会自杀。

2）If I were you, I would do it at once.

→Were I you, I would do it at once.

假若我是你，我就会马上做。

要是我能做此事，我一定会做。

3）If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.

→Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.

他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。

该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选A。

30．Traveling by subway ______ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.

A．must B．can C．shall D．should

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险，尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须；一定；B. can能够；可能；C. shall将会；D. should应该；应当。本句中can表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力），故选B。

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