2011走向高考,贾凤山,高中总复习,英语,选修8题型专攻2-1

选修八题型专攻2

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

You don't expect your child to grow up to be a heroin addict. From the moment of her birth, you have hopes and dreams about the future, but they never include heroin addiction. That couldn't happen to your child, because addiction is the result of a bad environment, bad parenting. There is most definitely someone or something to blame.

That's what I used to believe. But after failed rehab and long periods of separation from my heroin-addicted daughter, after years of holding my breath, waiting for another relapse, I now believe there is no blame.

After Katie admitted her addiction, I struggled to understand how this could have happened to my daughter—a bright, beautiful, talented and most importantly, loved young woman. When the initial shock wore off, I analyzed and inventoried all the whys and hows of Katie's addiction. I searched for someone or something to blame. I blamed her friends. I blamed her dad. I blamed our divorce. But mostly, I blamed myself. My desperate heart convinced me that I should have prevented Katie's addiction, and that given another chance, I could correct my mistakes.

When Katie came home from rehab, I approached each day with the zeal of a drill sergeant. I championed the 12-step program and monitored her improvement daily as though curing heroin addiction was as simple as nursing a cold. I drove her to therapy sessions and AA meetings. I_controlled_everything_and_left_nothing_to_chance. But in spite of my efforts, Katie didn't get better. She left my home, lost again to the powerful grip of addiction.

In the long days, weeks and months that followed, I gathered bits and pieces of old beliefs and tried to assemble them into something whole. Sometimes I gave up, and sometimes I simply let go. Gradually, my search for blame changed to a longing for hope. I comforted myself with the only thing that still connected me to my daughter：love.

I thought about Katie every day, and I missed her. I cried, and worried about her safety and whereabouts. I wrote letters I knew she'd never see. Sometimes I woke up panicked in the middle of the night, certain that mother's intuition(直觉)was preparing me for something bad. But through it all, I loved her.

I don't know why or how my daughter became addicted to heroin; I do know that it doesn't really matter. Life goes on, and Katie is still my daughter.

Katie and I meet for breakfast on Friday mornings now. We drink coffee and talk. I don't try to heal her. I just love her. Sometimes there is pain and sorrow, but there is no blame. I believe there is only love.

文章大意：本文是记叙文。一位母亲从她女儿出生起一直憧憬和梦想着未来，但没想到女儿居然吸毒了。母亲想方设法去找原因，并帮女儿戒毒，但都失败了。最终她不再责备，只是爱她的女儿。

1．From the first paragraph, we can learn in the mother's opinion________.

A．her daughter was addicted to heroin from her birth

B．no one should be to blame for heroin addiction

C．heroin addiction results from a bad environment

D．some parents expect their child to be a heroin addict

答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知答案。

2．The reason why the daughter became a heroin addict was________.

A．found by her mother at last

B．not mentioned in the passage

C．her friends' invitation

D．her parents' divorce

答案：B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可以获悉“母亲没有找到女儿吸毒的原因”，因此选B。

3．The underlined sentence means________.

A．the mother tried to keep her daughter from heroin

B．Katie succeeded in giving up heroin

C．after rehab Katie couldn't do any work

D．the mother gave Katie no chance to correct mistakes

答案：A句意猜测题。根据该段的内容可以知道“母亲为了让女儿戒毒想尽了办法”，因此“left nothing to chance”就暗示了母亲希望女儿的毒瘾无机可乘。

4．We can infer from the passage that________.

A．Katie was a bright, beautiful and talented woman

B．Katie and her mother didn't love each other

C．the mother persuaded her daughter to give up heroin

D．the mother didn't live with her daughter later

答案：D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可以推断出D项正确。A项是原话，B项和C项不符合文章内容。

5．What's the best title for the passage?

A．More love, less blame

B．The reason of Katie's heroin addiction

C．My daughter

D．Katie's life

答案：A主旨大意题。文章的主要内容是：母亲想要找出女儿吸毒的原因，并且帮助她戒毒，一开始她带着责备的态度，但到最后采用了“爱”这种方法。文章最后两句话再次点明了文章主旨。

B

On the 40th anniversary of the first man on the moon, NASA is looking 11 years into the future to the next men and women on the moon.

Since 2005, the space agency has planned to return to the moon in 2020, in part, to prepare for future manned missions to other parts of our solar system, such as Mars. A key element is developing the technology to help people to work and live on the moon for up to 180 days—an ongoing effort that had its beginning in the Apollo program that put Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin on the moon in July 1969 and has continued through the International Space Station project. “Before you can go someplace like Mars, you really need to be able to establish an understanding of how to live off the planet，”Ms Madison said of the 2020 moon mission. She noted that a mission to Mars would be lengthy：six months to get there, a year on the Red Planet and then six months to return to the Earth.

Consequently, the moon will become a steppingstone to the rest of the solar system, a proving ground for new technology and a training facility for a new generation of space explorers.

In every way the Apollo program's methods and machinery will be eclipsed(黯然失色)by Orion—the name given to the crew exploration vehicle that will investigate the moon's surface. On the first return trip to the moon, astronauts will stay on the moon for seven days—more than twice the Apollo astronauts' record.

What's more, Orion is considerably bigger than Apollo's modules to accommodate a larger crew, with three-or four-man teams replacing the two-man groups that explored the moon's surface in the 1960s and early '70s.

However, Mr Olson said NASA's plan for a “sustained U．S. presence on the moon”does not exclude international partners in the mission. The U．S. will build the transportation system that will transport the astronauts from the Earth to the moon and back. But other countries are open to help in other ways, Mr Olson said, adding the NASA always has intended to have international involvement in the project. The sharing of resources, data and technology will be important to the next moon mission's success.

In fact, much of the technology that NASA has developed to help moon explorers live and work on the lunar surface already has been tested, approved and shared in various commercial markets.

文章大意：本文为科普说明文，介绍了美国重返月球的规划。

6．How long did the Apollo astronauts stay at most on the moon in the 1960s and early '70s?

A．Seven days.B．Ten days.

C．Three days. D．One days.

答案：C细节理解题。根据第四段“On the first return trip to the moon, astronauts will stay on the moon for seven days—more than twice the Apollo astronauts' record.”可知2020年的重返月球的计划中，宇航员将在月球上呆7天，是“阿波罗”航天员最长记录的两倍多，故可推知“阿波罗”航天员呆在月球上的时间最长是三天。

7．According to the passage, the moon will be used in the following ways EXCEPT________.

A．as a base to further explore Mars

B．as a testing ground for new technology

C．as an energy supplier for the Earth

D．as a training facility for space explorers

答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段“to prepare for future manned missions to other parts of our solar system, such as Mars.”和第三段“the moon will become a steppingstone to the rest of the solar system, a proving ground for new technology and a training facility for a new generation of space explorers.”可知A、B和D项正确。C项没有提及。

8．Compared with the Apollo's modules, Orion________.

A．can accommodate more astronauts

B．can store more food

C．will be much smaller

D．can travel much faster

答案：A细节理解题。根据第五段“Orion is considerably bigger than Apollo's modules to accommodate a larger crew”可知Orion能容纳更多的航天员。

9．What will the author probably talk about following the last paragraph?

A．Why the USA intends to return to the moon.

B．How the space technology is applied commercially.

C．When the USA will explore Mars.

D．What challenges the astronauts will face on the moon.

答案：B推理判断题。要求推测作者的写作思路。最后一段提到了太空技术在商业领域得到了检测、认可和分享，故在接下来的一段作者极可能会提到太空技术是怎样在商业领域里应用的。

10．What is Mr Olson's attitude towards the international cooperation in the future moon mission?

A．Positive. B．Negative.

C．Skeptical. D．Unclear.

答案：A推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的内容可知Mr Olson对未来美国重返月球的使命进行国际合作是持肯定的、支持的态度的。

C

Born in a fishing village in Japan, Fujiyama, 25, recalls a childhood dominated by health concerns. Doctors told his parents that he had a hole in his heart and“they didn't think I had a lot longer to live”. But during a later visit to the doctor, his family learned the hole had closed. “Somehow I was cured and I became a normal kid，”Fujiyama says.“And I had a second chance.”

During his second year at the University of Mary Washington, he volunteered in Honduras with a campus group and was struck by the extreme poverty he saw—barefoot children collecting cans and sleeping in the streets. Fujiyama realized he could help give other children their own second chance.

Today, his organization, Students Helping Honduras, brings education and community projects to children and families in need.

He started by telling his friends about his experience and collecting spare change at his two campus jobs.“When I had my very first meeting, only two people showed up，”he says.“I knew I had to keep fighting.”He persuaded his younger sister, Cosmo, to join the cause.“She's

dynamite，”he says.“When she talks in front of a crowd, she can move mountains. Knowing that she was behind it, I knew I could do anything.”Since 2006, the siblings' organization has grown to 25 campuses and raised more than $750,000 to fund projects, including the construction of two schools and the establishment of scholarships to help young women attend college.

Fujiyama says students are deeply committed to the organization. They raise money and then travel to Honduras to help build houses. While Fujiyama spends his summers in Honduras working alongside volunteers, he spends a large portion of the year on the road visiting colleges to raise funds. Cosmo Fujiyama, 23, lives in Honduras full time to coordinate(协调)the group's building efforts on the ground.

Students Helping Honduras is working with community members of Siete de Abril to build a new village. Many of the families lost their belongings in Hurricane Mitch in 1998. A lot of them didn't have access to clean water or health care, and they didn't have a school. Fujiyama's group helped build 44 homes in the village named“Sunshine Village”. The organization is also raising funds to build a water tower, an eco-friendly sanitation system and a library.

文章大意：本文为记叙文，讲述了青年志愿者Fujiyama在Honduras筹款助学、帮穷济困的故事。

11．When he was a child, Fujiyama________.

A．was worried about his bad health

B．led a carefree life

C．often went fishing with his father

D．had no access to clean water

答案：A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Fujiyama, 25, recalls a childhood dominated by health concerns.”可知Fujiyama的童年是在患病的忧虑中度过的。

12．At the beginning of his organization，________.

A．Fujiyama was supported by many friends

B．things didn't go on smoothly

C．Fujiyama had little idea of Honduras

D．many famous people joined in

答案：B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When I had my very first meeting, only two people showed up”可知，在他事业的初期，事情进展得并不顺利。

13．We can infer that Fujiyama is a________man.

A．diligent B．mean

C．sympathetic D．cheerful

答案：C推理判断题。综观全文内容可知Fujiyama是一个富有同情心的人。

14．The underlined word“siblings'”can be replaced by______.

A．brothers'

B．brother and sister's

C．friends'

D．couple's

答案：B词义猜测题。根据前文可知这个志愿者组织是由他们兄妹创办的，故siblings' 指的是“兄妹的”的意思。

15．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A．Help the people in need

B．Students lend a hand in America

C．Fujiyama helps build“Sunshine Village”

D．Fujiyama gives poor people in Honduras a second chance

答案：D主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了青年志愿者Fujiyama帮助Honduras的人们，给予他们第二次生活机会的故事，故D项最佳。A项和B项标题过大，针对性不强。C项是文中的一个细节，不具有概括性。

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