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Lesson six

Lesson six
Lesson six

初一下册四单元(第二讲)

GOALS:1.四单元知识点巩固与扩充;2.相应知识点训练与评讲;

3.单词听写。

知识点巩固

1. Don’t fight.

fight作动词,意为“打架、打仗”。其过去式为fought.

●fight for“为…而斗争”,后面常接抽象名词,表示为事业、自由等而斗争。Eg: They are fighting for freedom(自由).

●fight against“为反对…而战斗”,后接事物名词、人和国家名词。

Eg: They fought against the enemy.他们和敌人作战。

●fight with“和…打架”,“同…(并肩)战斗”,后只接表示人或国家的名词。Eg: Don’t fight with him.

【典型例题】

They fought ________the Italians in the last war, but ________them in this war.

A. with; with

B. with; for

C. against ; against

D. with; against

2. Ms./Mrs./Miss

●Ms.:“女士”,用于婚姻状况不明或不想区分婚否的女子的姓前。

●Mrs.:“夫人”,用于已婚女子姓前。

Madam:也用于已婚女子,意为“夫人、女士”,一般单独使用,不与姓连用

●Miss:“小姐”用于未婚女子姓前,还常用于年轻的女教师的姓前,可译为“老师”。

3. 辨析:get to/reach/arrive

●get to与地点副词(here/there/home…)不用介词to

Eg: I want to go to Beijing.

I got home at 15:00.

●arrive是不及物动词,后面若接地点名词则要和in/at连用,接地点副词时则不用介词。

Eg: I arrived home at 15:00. =I got home at 15:00.

He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.

●reach是及物动词,后面直接接地点名词或副词。

Eg: When will they reach here?

【典型例题】

---What time did the team ________ the top of the mountain?

---At about 4:30 p.m.

A. come

B. go

C. arrive

D. arrive at

4. ●on time

●in time

5.hear、listen和sound

【典型例题】

________carefully, or you are not able to ________ anything.

A. Hear; listen

B. Listen; hear

C. Hear; listen

D. Listen; listen

6. remember“记得,记住”,是及物动词,可以直接加名词。

●remember doing sth

●remember to do sth

forget“忘记,忘了”,作remember反义词时,用法和remember相同。

7.help作动词意为“帮助”,常用的结构有:

●help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事

●help sb with sth(n.)帮助某人做某事

●help oneself(myself/yourself/herself…) to+n.请随便用…

Eg: Please help yourselves to some fruit.请随便吃些水果。

help还可作名词,表示“帮助”,是不可数。

I have ________skirts and this one is ________large for me, so you can take it if you like.

A. too many; too much

B. too much; much too

C. too many; much too

重点语法

1.复习情态动词have to 的用法:

Lucy has to wear sports shoes for gym class.(该为否定句)

Lucy ________ ________ to wear sports shoes for gym class.

2.情态动词must的用法:

must表示说话人的主观看法,及主观上的必要性,还用于命令或愿望。只用于现在时,无人称和单数的变化。在表示过去、将来和完成时,用have to的相应形式来代替must.

在表示有做某一个动作的必要和义务,它的意思是“必须,应该”。

Eg: You must finish your homework first.

表示有很大把握的判断或者推测,意思是“一定,准是”。

Eg: The tall man must be your father.

以must开头的一般疑问句,它的否定回答用needn’t(不必要),不用mustn’t (不允许),mustn’t常用于否定句中表示“不允许,禁止”。

Eg: ---Must I go there on foot?

--- No, you needn’t.

【典型例题】

It’s very warm outside. You ________wear the coat.

A. have to

B. hadn’t

C.don’t have to

D.mustn’t

3.复习情态动词can的用法:

【典型例题】

1. The children ________ play football on the road.

A. can

B. must

C. mustn’t

D. may

2. ---Must I clean the blackboard?

---No, you ________.

A. needn’t

B.mustn’t

C.can’t

D. may not

3. Your mother ________there, she has gone to America.

A. must be

B. could be

C. may be

D. can’t be

4. 祈使句(Imperative Sentence)

●定义:用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句,祈使句最常用于表达命令,因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。

●祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时,句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束。

●祈使句的肯定句:行为动词原形+其他

Eg: Go and wash your hands. ——命令

Be quiet, please.= Please be quiet.——请求

Be kind to our sister. ——劝告

Watch your steps. ——警告

Look out!Danger!——强烈警告,已如感叹句

Keep off the grass. ——禁止

No parking. ——禁止

●以Let开头的祈使句,Let后宾语是是第一人称时,否定形式是在宾语后加not,

Eg: Let’s not do that again.

如果Let 后面宾语是第三人称,否定形式是在Let前加助动词Don’t,

Eg: Don’t let them come in.

●祈使句的否定通常使用“Don't …”,Don't+动词原形(行为动词/be动词)+其他

Eg: Don't let the dog in.

●祈使句有时也把主语“You”表达出来,使对方听起来觉得柔和些,例如:

Eg: You go and tell him, Chris.

【典型例题】

1. ________late for class!

A. Don’t

B. Not be

C. Don’t be

2. ________worry about me Mom. I’ve grown up.

A. Don’t

B. Don’t be

C. Not

D. Not be

3. Run in the hallways.(改为否定句)

________ ________in the hallways.

课堂练兵:

( )1.your homework after school.

A. Doing

B. To do

C. Do

( ) 2. Don’t arrive late school.

A. loud

B. loudly C .aloud

( ) 3. Can we in the hallways?

A .to eat B. eat C. eating

( ) 4.They have rules in their class.

A. too much

B. much too

C. too many

( ) 5. sleeping in class.

A. Can’t

B. Don’t

C. No

( ) 6. Please play volleyball here.

A. please

B. do

C. don’t

( ) 7. can you see in the picture?

A. What other

B. What else

C. Other what

( ) 8. Our teacher told us in class.

A. not to eat

B. don’t eat

C. not eat

( ) 9. ---- _________ Tom _______ go to bed by ten?

A. Do; has to B .Does; have to C. Does; has to

( ) 10. My mother was ill, so I ________look after her at home.

A. must

B. had to

C. could

Today is fine. The sky is blue. Now it’s nine o’clock in the mor ning. There’s a sports meeting in the forest on the big mountain.

Look, a horse, a panda and a cat are running. Over there a dog and two tigers are jumping. Two monkeys are climbing the trees. Four birds are flying around and singing.

There are some other animals there, too. The elephants are standing. A monkey is sitting on an old elephant. Polly is sitting in the tree. A fox, a baby panda and some small animals are sitting under the tree. They are all watching.

( ) 1.What color is the sky today? It’s

A. white

B. blue

C. black

( ) 2.How many animals are running and jumping?

A. Fourteen

B. Six

C. Eleven

( ) 3.Which animal are climbing the trees?

A. The monkeys

B. The panda

C. The elephants and the cats ( ) 4.There’s all the sports meeting.

A. not any birds

B. a lot of animals

C. many people Writing.

在你的家里父母是否为你制定了一些规则,说说定了什么?你是怎么看的?

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Lesson 4 (1)She think her sister has feld life always in the palm of one hand... She thinks that her sister has a firm control of her life. (2)”no” is a word the world never learned to say to her. She could always have anything she wanted, and life was extremely generous to her. (3)Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue. The famous and popular TV talk host, Johnny Carson has to try hard if he wants to catch up with me. (4)It seems to me I have talked to them always with one foot raised in flight... It seems to me that I have talked to them always ready to leave as quickly as possible. (5)She washed us in a river of make-believe... She imposed on us lots of falsity. (6)burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn’t necessarily need to know Imposed on us a lot of knowledge that is totally useless to us. (7)Like good looks and money,quickness passed her by. She is not bright just as she is neither good-looking rich. (8)A dress down to the ground,in this hot weather. Dee wore a very long dress even on such a hot day. (9)You can see me trying to move a second or two before I make it. You can see me trying to move my body a couple of seconds before I finally manage to push myself up. (10)Anyhow,he soon gives up on Maggie. Soon he stops trying to shake hands with Maggie. (11)Though,in fact,I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil War through the branches. In fact, I could have traced it far back before the Civil War along the branches of the family tree.

“山光悦鸟性,潭影空人心”的意思

“山光悦鸟性,潭影空人心”的意思 篇一:空的读音 “空”有 kōng、kǒng、kòng 三个读音,《生于忧患,死于安乐》中的“饿其体肤,空乏其身” 的“空”字教材没注音,照常规,人们大多读“kōng”。是吗? 《辞源》、《辞海》、《汉语大字典》等比较权威的工具书均未见附此例。 《中国百科 网· 新华字典”》注: 【空乏】kōngfá 〖destitute〗缺少财物,指贫穷;又注: 【空】kòng 动词, 使之困穷,附例“不宜空我师。”据此,人们似乎可以理解为:“空乏”一词既可以读为 kōngfá 又 可以读为 kòngfá,而在“饿其体肤,空乏其身。”中是应读为 kòngfá 的。 资寿林主编的《学生文言文字典》 (湖北辞书出版社,1998 年 5 月版)167 页的解释是: 【空】kòng,动词,使受到贫困。附例“饿其体肤,~乏其身。” 陈复华主编的《古代汉语词典》(商务印书馆 2002 年 8 月版)的解释是: 【空乏】kòngfá,穷困缺乏。附例“饿其体肤,空乏其身。” 其他工具书的解释不再罗列。 查收录《生于忧患,死于安乐》这篇文章且有注释的书籍 十一二本,只发现有一本书对这个字注了音。这本书是宁鸿彬主编的《初中文言文详解》(北 京理工大学出版社,1994 年 7 月版),文中的解释是:“空(kòng)乏:空缺贫乏。此处形容 词用为动词,使动用法,‘使??资财缺乏,经受贫困’。” 探究学问其乐无穷。在查询考证 “空” 一字的读音问题时,还有一个意外的收获令我欣慰不已,同时还有几分羞愧,那就是义务教育 课程标准实验教科书《语文》七年级上册常建的《题破山寺后禅院》中的“山光悦鸟性,潭影 空人心”这句话的“空”也应读 kòng,是动词,意思是“荡涤;清洗”。此前我教学生读了 10 来年 的“kōng”,真是不学不知道,一知吓一跳啊! 上述这些问题使我想到了教材中的类似注音应该明确却没有明确的诸多例子,如《世说 新语》两则中的《咏雪》一文的“撒盐空中差可拟”一句的“差”应读 chā,是“大致,差不多”的 意思;《智子疑邻》中的“邻人之父”句中的“父” 应读 fǔ,意思是“老人”;《口技》中的“便有 妇人惊觉欠伸”句中的“觉”应读 jiào,意思是“睡醒”;《庄子》故事两则中的“今子欲以子之梁 国 而吓我邪?”句中的“吓”应读 xià,意思是“吓唬”等等。这些字的读音我都考究过,并且拿 这些字的读音来考过许多中学语文教师,结果是无一人能全部答对。这些问题我平时十分注意 探究,但这个“空”字还是给了我很大的打击,由此我不禁扪心自问:近 30 年的教学生涯,到 目前为止还有多少像“山光悦鸟性,潭影空人心”的问题存在呢?我的心中真是没底! (本文 刊发于《语文报· 教师版· 初中》2009 年 2 月 5 日总第 147 期,并在中华语文网、语文网等网站 推荐阅读,反响很大,许多人来电来函发帖探讨教材上的有关字的读音问题。作者:武宏伟) 篇二:闸北区 2015 年初三语文一模试题(附答案) 闸北区 2015 年初三语文一模试题 (满分:150 分,时间:100 分钟) 1 / 15

高英 paraphrase 淮工英语专业

Paraphrase Unit7 1.She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand, that ”no” is a word never learned to say to her. She thinks that her sister has a form control of her life and that she can always have anything she wants, and life is extremely generous to her. 2.My fat keeps me hot in zero weather. Because I am very fat, I feel hot even in frozen weather. 3.Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue. J C, who is famous for his witty and glib tongue, has to try hard if he wants to catch up with me. 4.It seems to me I have talked to them always with one foot raised in flight, with my head turned in whichever way is farthest from them. When I talked to them,I’m always ready to leave as quickly as possible, and turn my head away from them in order to avoid them as much as possible because of nervousness. 5.She would always look anyone in the eye. She would always look at somebody directly and steadily, not feeling embarrassed or ashamed. 6.She washed us in a river if make-believe, burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn’t necessarily need to know. She imposed on us lots of falsities and a lot of knowledge that was totally useless to us. 7.Like good looks and money, quickness passes her by. She is not bright just as she is neither good-looking nor rich. 8.Meanwhile Asalamalakim is going through motions with Maggie’s hand. Meanwhile A is trying to shake hands with M in a fancy and elaborate way. 9.Though, in fact,I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil War through the branches. In fact, I could have traced it back before the Civil War through the family branches. 10.He just stood there grinning, looking down on me like somebody inspecting a Model A car. He just stood therewith a grin on his face and looked at me as if inspecting something old and out-of-date. 11.Every once in a while he and Wangero sent signals over my head. Now and then he and Dee communicated through eye contact in a secretive way. 12.“I can remember Grandma Dee without the quilts”. I don’t need the quilts to remind me of grandma Dee. She lives in my memory all the time. Uint8 1. “What is one winter more?” What dose it matter if we wait for another winter? 2. Sher Takhi, who called Korphe’s widely dispersed faithful to prayer five times a day without the benefit of amplification, filled the small room with his booming voice. S T had a booming voice, and without the advantage of amplification his voice fiiled the small room. He called K’s believers, who were widely scattered to pray five times a day. 3. As the moon rose over Korphe K2, they danced around the fire and taught Mortenson verses from the great Himalayan Epic of Gesar, beloved across much of the roof of the world, and introduced him to their inexhaustible supply of Balti folk songs.

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