当前位置：文档库 › 英语阅读理解模拟试题

英语阅读理解模拟试题

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

To eat only a vegan（素食的） diet might sound difficult, especially with many popular dishes containing meat or other animal products. Yet in 2017, veganism was described as “the fastest - growing lifestyle movement” in the UK, according to BBC news.

A study by a UK market research organization, suggests that over 542,000 Brits went vegan during the previous decade, an increase of 360%. And the main force behind this increase was those aged 15-34 years old — 42% of recent vegans fall under that age range.

So why exactly has veganism become so popular among young Brits?

One reason could be that many young people want to protect the environment, as less meat consumption is known to be beneficial to the environment. Global meat manufacturing is believed to cause 18% of the world's greenhouse gas emissions（排放）, even more than that of all the world's cars, trains and planes combined. Another reason is that many of today's young people believe that it's wrong to kill animals to be used as food.

Jess Murray, 22, a student at University College London, said that he chose to become vegan after realizing that eating animals is a choice that people make, rather than something that we need to do to survive. “Becoming vegan was an ethica l (道德的) decision,” he told the Guardian. Social media is also believed to have given rise to the increase in veganism. Platforms such as Facebook allow young vegans to connect with each other much easier, while others such as Instagram have led to the creation of “vegan celebrities (名人)”, who share lips on vegan lifestyles. Despite the rising of veganism, Laura Wyness, an expert in diet and nutrition, said that meat is very important for people's health. “A strict vegan diet makes it difficult to ge t some minerals and vitamins that your body needs,” Wyness told BBC news.

However, the popularity of veganism doesn't seem to be fading. “It feels more like this is something that is sticking.” said an expert of the Vegan Society, a UK charity that pro motes veganism.

（1）What can we learn about veganism, “the fastest-growing lifestyle movement” in UK?

A. It has created many popular dishes.

B. It is backed up mainly by old people.

C. It has led to further market research.

D. It has grown steeply in the past 10 years.

（2）The following may account for the increase in veganism EXCEPT .

A. Young people prefer an environment-friendly life.

B. Young people want to become ethical celebrities.

C. Meal manufacturing contributes a lot to the world's greenhouse gas.

D. Social media allow the vegan message to spread quickly around.

（3）The underlined word “sticking” in the Iasi paragraph is equal to in meaning.

A. important

B. special

C. lasting

D. impressive

（4）Which of the following will serve as the best title of the passage?

A. Young Brits Going Vegan

B. Veganism Comes First

C. How to Start a Vegan Lifestyle

D. Veganism and the Environment

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，过去的十年里素食主义在英国增长迅猛。这一增长的主要力量是那些年龄在15-34岁之间的年轻人。其原因可能是由于肉类加工排放的热量大过世界上所有的汽车，火车和飞机的总和，他们认为杀死动物用作食物是不对，年轻人想要保护环境。另外社会媒体的参与也导致了年轻的素食者的增加。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“A study by a UK market research organization, suggests that over 542,000 Brits went vegan during the previous decade, an increase of 360%.”可知，英国市场研究表明，在过去的十年里，素食主义者的人数增长了360%，增长迅猛。”故选D。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Becoming vegan was an ethical (道德的) decision,”他们认为素食是道德上的决定，及第六段可知，社交媒体也被认为导致了素食主义的增加的原因之一，因而出现了一些所谓的素食名人来分享他们的生活方式，可知素食主义者的增加不是因为他们想成为道德名人，而是分享素食主义让他们成为“名人”，这不是素质快速发展的原因，因此选B。

(3)考查词义猜测。根据第六段中的“ the popularity of veganism doesn't seem to be fading. ‘It feels more like this is something that is sticking.’”根据转折连词however 可知，前后两句意义是相反的。前面说“素食主义的流行似乎并没有消退”，因此可推断出后一句是反而会持续下去。故sticking意为”持续”，可知，lasting“持久的，持续的”符合题意，故选C。

(4)考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述过去的十年里素食主义在英国增长迅猛。这一增长的主要力量是那些年龄在15-34岁之间。素食主义在英国的年轻人中非常流行的原因可能是年轻人想要保护环境，社会媒体的参与也导致了素食者的增加。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Basic information about three classical movies

1 Forrest Gump

"Stupid is as stupid does," says Forrest Gump (played by Tom Hanks in an Oscar-winning performance) as he discusses his relative level of intelligence with a stranger while waiting for a bus. Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump leads a truly charmed life, with a ringside seat for many of the most memorable events of the second half of the 20th century... (Click here to show more)

Rating: PG-13 (Under 13 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)

Genre: Comedy, Drama, Romance

Directed By: Robert Zemeckis

Written By: Eric Roth

In Theaters: Jul 6, 1994 Wide

On Disc/Streaming: Aug 28, 2001

Box Office： $ 330,000,000

Runtime: 142 minutes

Studio: Paramount Pictures

2 Rain Man

Self-centered, avaricious Californian Charlie Babbitt (Tom Cruise) is informed that his long-estranged father has died. Expecting at least a portion of the elder Babbitt's $ 3 million estate, Charlie learns that all he's inherited is his dad's prize roses and a 1949 Buick Roadmaster. Discovering that the $ 3 million is being held in trust for an unidentified party, Charlie heads to his home town of Cincinnati to ascertain who that party is…(Click here to show more)

Rating: R(Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)

Genre: Drama

Directed By: Barry Levinson

Written By: Ronald Bass, Barry Morrow, David Rayfiel, Barry Levinson

In Theaters: Dec 16, 1988 Wide

On Disc/Streaming: Jan 1, 2000

Runtime: 133 minutes

Studio: MGM

3 The Shawshank Redemption

In 1946, a banker named Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins) is convicted of a double murder, even though he stubbornly proclaims his innocence. He's sentenced to a life term at the Shawshank

State Prison in Maine, where another lifer, Ellis "Red" Redding (Morgan Freeman), picks him as the new recruit most likely to crack under the pressure. But... (Click here to show more)

Rating: R (Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)

Genre: A Prison Drama

Directed By: Frank Darabont

Written By: Frank Darabont

In Theaters: Sep 10, 1994 Wide

On Disc/Streaming: Jan 27, 1998

Runtime: 142 minutes

Studio: Columbia Pictures

（1）Who is the director of Rain Man?

A.Frank Darabont.

B.Barry Morrow.

C.Barry Levinson

D.Robert Zemeckis.

（2）The type of The Shawshank Redemption is .

A.prison drama

B.romance

C.love

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5311906313.html,edy

（3）Which of the following persons is regarded to be unintelligent in the three movies?

A.Andy Dufresne.

B.Charlie Babbitt.

C.Forrest Gump.

D.Rain Man.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三部经典电影的基本情况。这三部电影是《阿甘正传》、《雨人》和《肖申克的救赎》。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Rain Man部分中的“Directed By:Barry Levinson”可知，Rain Man 的导演是Barry Levinson。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据The Shaw shank Redemption部分中的“Genre: A Prison Drama，”可知，The Shaw shank Redemption电影的体裁是A Prison Drama监狱剧，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Forrest Gump部分中的"‘Stupid is as stupid does,’says Forrest Gump ... Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump leads a truly charmed life.“傻人有傻福”阿甘（Forrest Gump）的饰演者汤姆·汉克斯说...。尽管他(阿甘)的智商低于正常水平，阿甘过着一种真正令人神往的生活。可知，阿甘的智力不高，所以不聪明。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon.

The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) of its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly." It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed," he adds.

Mr. Stapleton says safety was the company's main concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors to power the vehicle.

The company is testing a full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams.

In New Zealand, Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a full-size prototype of its personal flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1, 000 meters high and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour.

Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack "is built around safety from the start". In his words, "Reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formula One racing car.

The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute that would be used, if there should be an emergency. "It starts to work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot," he adds. Mr. Coker says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon.

（1）We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike ________.

A. can hardly get in and out of small spaces quickly

B. can fly for over 30 minutes, up to 1, 000 meters high

C. has been used by the police and emergency rescue teams

D. can be transported quickly after being folded and packed

（2）Peter Coker uses the example of Formula One racing car to show that ________.

A. the Jetpack is very safe and reliable

B. the engine of the Jetpack is powerful

C. the actual structure of the Jetpack is unique

D. the Jetpack can reach a great speed and height

（3）The underlined word "It" in the last paragraph refers to ________.

A. the jet stream

B. the engine

C. the Jetpack

D. the parachute （4）What is the author's main purpose of writing the passage?

A. To describe the problems of inventing flying vehicles.

B. To introduce the latest development of flying vehicles.

C. To show the differences between two flying vehicles.

D. To advertise the two personal flying vehicles.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述一种个人飞行工具很快就会应用于现实，然而安全性和强度一直是个大问题，文中介绍了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品把安全放在首位，并对产品进行了改进。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed.” 可知，Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。它可快速地在大陆上移动，因为它可以折叠和包装。可知，选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第六段Peter Coker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的，安全可靠性是最重要的因素。我们在车的现行结构中植入了安全性，非常类似于Formula One 赛车。，故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that can be used should there be an emergency. "It s tarts to work at very low altitude …., ”Coker先生说Jetpack上也有降落伞，可以在紧急情况下使用。“在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它…”。可知，Jetpack上的降落伞（它）是在海拔低时才用。由此可知it指的是parachute (降落伞)。故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段可知，许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样简单的飞来飞去，科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现。然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。接着下面叙述了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品把安全放在首位。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Watching wooden dolls come to life may not be one of the most popular forms of entertainment today, but with over twenty years' experience, talented puppeteer (木偶表演者) Peter Roberts has earned himself the title “master puppeteer” because of his great ability to turn puppets into believable, almost living characters. “People are quite often surprised to hear what I do for living and have little appreciation of puppy as a form of entertainment. But while the exact

origins of puppet theatre are unknown, it has been popular in many cultures and may have been the very first kind of theatre,” he explains.

Roberts' shows are highly original. “A puppet show can involve anything from clowning(傻逗) to storytelling,” he says, Equally diverse are the audiences he performs for. “Some are attracted by the puppets themselves, while others enjoy the dialogue.” Roberts believes that this form of entertainment can be appreciated by people of all ages and cultures.

Roberts' interest in puppets started when he received some beautiful glove puppets one Christmas. He started putting on shows with these for family and friends and then moved on to handmade Chinese string puppets. Learning mostly from books and personal experience, he explains, “I was already spending most of my free time carving puppets and putting on shows, so I hardly noticed the change from students to full-time professional puppeteer.”

The puppets are designed specifically for each show, which is extremely time consuming. According to Roberts, “Sometimes what you expect and what you actually create in the end are two very different things. I've made some of my best puppets 'accidentally'.”

When most people hear the word “puppetry”, they more than likely think of a way of keeping children entertained at birthday parties. Certainly the subject matter will be expected to be light-hearted rather than serious. However, Roberts wants to point out that puppets come serious messages sometimes.” he says.

（1）What do we know about puppetry in the first paragraph?

A. It is a most popular form of entertainment.

B. It cannot give people pleasure any more.

C. It was first brought to life by Peter Roberts.

D. Its value as an art form is not fully recognized.

（2）In Roberts' eyes, his puppet shows .

A. usually attract people full of humor

B. are most something for old aged audience

C. display something meaningful for different people

D. involve hard work and great intelligence

（3）Roberts developed an interest in puppets because of .

A. the puppet show books

B. his university major

C. a Christmas gift

D. some Chinese string puppets

（4）What does Roberts want people to think of puppet theatre?

A. It is just a kind of entertainment for kids.

B. It can be educational as well as entertaining.

C. It is only a kind of serious art form.

D. It should be kept light-hearted.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文为夹叙夹议。本文讲述了虽然木偶表演栩栩如生，但已不是当今一种最流行的娱乐形式。享用盛名的木偶大师罗伯特却让自己的木偶表演极具独创性。他让木偶表演不仅具有观赏性也有一定的教育意义。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一段“People are quite often surprised to hear what I do for living and have little appreciation of puppy as a form of entertainment”可知，人们很少把木偶表演看

作是一种娱乐形式来欣赏。分析选项可知D项（它作为一种艺术形式没有被充分认可）符合题意，故答案选D项。

（3）推理判断题。第二段内容说罗伯特的木偶戏涉及任何东西，从扮小丑逗乐到到讲故事，”他给各种各样不同的观众表演。“有些人被木偶本身吸引，而另一些人喜欢木偶表演中的对话。”罗伯特认为这种形式的娱乐可以被各个年龄段和文化的人所欣赏。由此可判断，罗伯特的木偶戏为不同的人展示一些有意义的东西。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故答案选C项。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Certainly the subject matter will be expected to be light-hearted rather than serious. However, Roberts wants to point out that puppets come serious messages sometimes.”木偶表演的主题更多的是轻松愉快的而不是严肃的。然而，罗伯特指出木偶表演有时也传递一些严肃的东西。由此可推断出，木偶表演既是一种娱乐也有一定的教育性。故答案选B。

（4）此题属于细节理解中的一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。根据第三段第一句“Roberts' interest in puppets started when he received some beautiful glove puppets one Christmas.” 罗伯特对木偶的兴趣始于圣诞节时他收到了一些漂亮的手套木偶。故选C。

【点评】夹叙夹议阅读理解：（1）先叙述自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后真对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。（2）作者先提出一种观点或看法。然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。（3）提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步的总结和升华。抓住作者要说明的观点或要阐述的生活哲理是做好这一类型题目的关键，而作者叙述所发生的事件或生活经历只是为表达其思想服务的。

5．阅读理解

About aspirin:

Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort caused by numerous medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation and infections. It is also suitable to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature.

Who can take aspirin?

Adults and children over 16 years of age.

Who should not take aspirin?

Women who are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant. Aspirin may harm your unborn baby. Women who are breast-feeding. Aspirin can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. People who have any problems with the way the liver works or with the way the kidneys work. How to take aspirin:

Take aspirin after meals, with a full glass of water or milk.

The recommended dose (剂量) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g 12 tablets) in any 24 -hour period.

You must not take these tablets with any other medicine which contains any aspirin or painkiller.

How to store aspirin:

Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children.

Store aspirin in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat and light.

Do not put aspirin in the bathroom because the dampness there can cause it to lose its effectiveness.

Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar.

Possible side effects:

Feeling sick, increased risk of bleeding, stomach pain, indigestion and heartburn are common. If these effects continue, contact your doctor.

Ringing in the ears, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and mental confusion are rare. If these occur, stop taking the drug and contact your doctor for further advice.

（1）In which case will you take aspirin according to the text?

A. Stomachache.

B. Fever.

C. Breathlessness.

D. Nosebleed.（2）How many times can you take aspirin at most in a day?

A. 6.

B. 5.

C. 4.

D. 3.

（3）What type of writing is this text?

A. A hospital announcement.

B. A medical report.

C. A doctor's suggestions list.

D. Medical instructions.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It is also suitable to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature.”可知，阿司匹林可以退烧，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The recommended dose (剂量) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g 12 tablets in any 24 -hour period.”可知，每次2-3片，一天不能超过12片，最多六次，故选A。

（3）考查主旨大意。本文属于说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项，因而是一篇药物使用说明书，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇药物使用说明书，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Imagine yourself on the other side of the college admissions desk. It's not so glorious, apparently. At the very least, you need to be good-natured. Joseph Connolly, a guidance counselor at New Oxford High School in the United States, wanted to know the things that annoy admissions officers the most. He sent out a request to members of the National Association for College Admissions Counselors and received hundreds of responses. Apparently, college admissions officers were waiting for an opportunity to unload their frustrations. The responses fall into several areas:

Communication

Silly or stupid email addresses; sending emails that use texting shorthand, such as "im w8ing 4 some1 2 call me."

Leaving a message with just a first name and no telephone number. For example, "Hi, this is Suzie. Please call me back."

Acting distracted during a one-on-one interview; nervous habits like foot-tapping or "um", "like" and "you know", which make a bad situation worse.

Not responding to emails from the admissions office.

Over-involved parents

The very common comment from parents, "We are in the process of completing applications." Parents attending interviews, and worse yet, speaking for their children.

Essays

Not identifying which question they are responding to.

Writing about something they were great at in the seventh grade but haven't pursued since then.

（1）What is the purpose of the text?

A. To complain about the process of college application.

B. To provide tips for college students in achieving high grades.

C. To list unwelcome behaviors in college application.

D. To prove that admission officers are under great pressure.

（2）Which behavior may leave admission consolers a bad impression?

A. To use inappropriate and incomplete language.

B. To leave a complete telephone number.

C. To focus on the interview and stay calm.

D. To reply to e-mails quickly.

（3）What should parents avoid doing in an interview?

A. Letting kids to fill in the application form.

B. Attending the interview on time.

C. Getting dressed neatly for the interview.

D. Answering questions for their kids.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学生申请大学时出现的一些令招生人员烦恼的不好的行为。

（1）考查写作目的。根据第一段中的“Joseph Connolly, a guidance counselor at New Oxford High School in the United States, wanted to know the things that annoy admissions officers the most.”和“The responses fall into several areas:”可推断，文章的写作目的是为读者列出在申请大学时不受欢迎的行为。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据● Communication部分中的“Silly or stupid email addresses; sending emails that use texting shorthand, such as “im w8ing 4 somel 2 call me.”可知，使用不合适的和不完整的语言会给招生人员留下不好的印象。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据● Over-involved parents部分中的“Parents attending interviews, and worse yet, speaking for their children.”可知，父母不应该在面试中为代替孩子回答问题。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作目的两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

A young woman sits alone in a café sipping tea and reading a book. She pauses briefly to write in a nearby notepad before showing her words to a passing café waiter: "Where are the toilets please?" This is a familiar scene in Tokyo's so-called "silent cafés", where customers are not allowed to speak, and only communicate by writing in notepads.

The concept rises by a desire to be alone among young Japanese, a situation brought by economic uncertainty, a shift in traditional family support structures and the growing social isolation. The phenomenon is not limited to coffee shops but covers everything from silent discos, where participants dance alone wearing wireless headphones connected to the DJ, to products such as small desk tents designed for conversation-free privacy in the office. One Kyoto company even offers single women the opportunity to have a "one woman wedding"—a full bridal affair, complete with white dress and ceremony, and the only thing missing is the groom. The trend has its own media expression-“botchi-zoku”, referring to individuals who consciously choose to do things completely on their own.

One recent weekday afternoon, Chihiro Higashikokubaru, a 23-year-old nurse, travelled 90 minutes from her home, to Tokyo on her day off in order to enjoy some solo time. Speaking quietly at the entrance of the cafe, Miss Higashikokubaru said: “I heard about this place via Twitter and I like the idea of coming here. I work as a nurse and it's always very busy. There are very few quiet places in Tokyo, and it's a big busy city. I just want to come and sit somewhere quietly on my own. I'm going to drink a cup of tea and maybe do some drawings. I like the idea of a quiet, calm atmosphere.”

The desire to be isolated is not a new concept in Japan, home to an estimated 3.6 million "hikikomori" - a more extreme example of social recluses(隐士) who withdraw completely from society.

（1）What is special about the "silent cafes"?

A. It provides various tea and books.

B. It has attracted many popular young people.

C. It offers service by writing not by speaking.

D. People are not allowed to communicate.（2）Which of the following statement can't account for the idea of being alone in Japan?

A. Unstable economic situation

B. A change in traditional family support pattern

C. The rising demand for privacy

D. The increasing social isolation

（3）What do we know about Higashikokubaru?

A. She doesn't like to be a nurse.

B. She doesn't like the life in big cities.

C. She travelled to Tokyo on her work days.

D. She enjoys her solo time in a quiet place.（4）What is the best title of the passage?

A. Lonely Japanese

B. One woman wedding

C. Social recluses in Japan

D. Silent cafes 【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了日本如今兴起的“无声咖啡馆"的相关信息，特殊服务方式以及原因。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“This is a familiar scene in Tokyo's so-called ‘silent cafés’, where custome rs are not allowed to speak, and only communicate by writing in notepads.”可知在这家餐厅里顾客和服务员的交流是通过手写实现的。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The concept rises by a desire to be alone among young Japanese, a situation brought by economic uncertainty, a shift in traditional family support structures and the growing social isolation.”可知在日本出现这一现象是因为经济上的不确定性，传统家庭供养方式的变化以及越来越多的社交隔离。故ABD三项都是原因。只有C项文章没有提及。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“One recent weekday afternoon, Chihiro Higashikokubaru, a 23-year-old nurse, travelled 90 minutes from her home, to Tokyo on her day off in order to enjoy some solo time.”可知Chihiro Higashikokubaru旅行90分钟来到东京享受solo time，说明她很喜欢solo time，故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据文章主题段第一段可知在日本出现了“silent cafes”并介绍了在日本出现的新的社会现象，人们越来越喜欢独处。同时分析了出现这一现象的原因主要是经济上的不确定性，传统家庭供养方式的变化以及越来越多的社交隔离。D项与主题段相关，能够很快切入主旨，可做文章的标题。选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

Feelings often run high where insects are concerned, with many people even sick when seeing them, let alone touch or swallow them. And yet insects present a huge nutritional opportunity as an increasing global population seeks more sources of food and feed.

Insects have generally high levels of animal protein and key micronutrients with lower environmental footprints than traditional alternatives, and they can be raised on leftovers. But cultural, social and economic problems remain, reports an article published today in Nutrition Bulletin.

“Insects present a nutritional opportunity, but it is unclear how their nutritional quality is influenc ed by what they are fed,” says Darja Dobermann, a researcher at the University of Nottingham. “In ideal conditions, insects have a smaller environmental impact than most traditional western forms of animal protein; less known is how to raise insect production while maintaining these environmental benefits.”

“Studies overall show that insects could make valuable economic and nutritional contributions to the food or fed systems, but there are no clear regulations in place to bring insects into such supply systems without them turning into a more expensive version of poultry（家禽）for food,” says Dobermann.

The article highlights how insects have been a source of food for hundreds of years in more

than 100 countries with over 2,000 species that can be eaten; in central Africa, up to 50% of dietary protein has come from insects, with their market value higher than many alternative sources of animal protein.

Insects need to be large enough to make the effort of catching them worthwhile and easy to locate, preferably in predictably large quantities. They are consumed at various life stages, as raw, fried, boiled, roasted or ground food.

（1）Which of the following is the advantage of raising insects for food?

A. It will offer people work opportunities.

B. It is environmentally friendly.

C. It will replace traditional food.

D. It will result in less leftovers

（2）What can be inferred from Dobermann's words?

A. Raising insects for food has become popular.

B. Raising insects can't solve food problems.

C. More should be done to raise insects for food.

D. More money can be made by raising insects.

（3）What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 stand for?

A. Insects

B. Regulations

C. Feed systems

D. Supply systems

（4）Which is the possible title of this passage?

A. How to Raise Insects

B. Raising Insects for Money

C. Insects Seem No Longer Ugly

D. A New Source of Food

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的食物来源——昆虫提供了巨大的营养机会。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Insects have generally high levels of animal protein and key micronutrients with lower environmental footprints than traditional alternatives, and they can be raised on leftovers.”可知，饲养昆虫为食物是环保的。故选B。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Studies overall show that insects could make valuable economic and nutritional contributions to the food or fed systems, but there are no clear regulations in place to bring insects into such supply systems without them turning into a more expensive version of poultry（家禽）for food,” 研究表明，昆虫可以为食物或食物系统做出有价值的经济和营养贡献，但目前还没有明确的规定，可以将昆虫带入这样的供应系统，而不让它们变成更昂贵的家禽饲料。”可知，从Dobermann的话可推知应该做更多的工作来饲养昆虫。故选C。

(3)考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Studies overall show that insects could make valuable economic and nutritional contributions to the food or fed systems, but there are no clear regulations in place to bring insects into such supply systems without them turning into a more expensive version of poultry（家禽）for food,” “研究表明，昆虫可以为食物或食物系统做出有价值的经济和营养贡献，但目前还没有明确的规定，可以将昆虫带入这样的供应系统，而不让它们变成更昂贵的家禽饲料。”由此推知，此处的them指的是insects，故选A。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“And yet insects present a huge nutritional opportunity as an increasing global population seeks more sources of food and feed.”可知，本文讲述的是一种新的食物来源。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

Even if you've never been to Phoenix, you know this about the place It's hot. From June to September, the temperature can easily surpass the century mark. But that doesn't stop hikers from attempting the 1.3-mile hiking to the top of the city's famed Camelback Mountain. Signs warn that the trail is "extremely difficult". If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. And if you're still not stopped, another sign farther up declares: "If you're halfway through your water, turn around!"

Unfortunately, many people to not take the warnings seriously. Fortunate y, Scott Cullymore does. The 53-year-old Cullymore can be found hiking up and down Camelback a couple of times a day, giving out cold bottles of water to worn-out hikers. He has helped hydrate so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel.

Cullymore was on Camelback Mountain one day in 2015 when a British tourist died after being lost for nearly six hours in the July heat. That experience inspired him to start helping people caught unaware by the cruelty of Mother Nature. "They underestimate the mountain, and they overestimate what they can do, and they get themselves in trouble." he warned.

One hiker who was offered water agrees. "You think you know the heat, but then you get out here in the desert and it surrounds you like a blanket," said Austin Hill, who was hiking with a high school friend. They were lucky, he said pointing to Cullymore. "We ran into this Good Samaritan here." And with that, the Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need.

（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The risks involved in the hiking.

B. The seriousness of the warnings.

C. The distribution of signs that warn hikers.

D. The influence of the temperature on hikers.（2）Why did some hikers on Camelback Mountain get in trouble?

A. They were not well trained in hiking.

B. They forgot to take enough water with them.

C. They were too optimistic about the situation.

D. They were not fit enough to hike the mountain.

（3）What can we know about Austin Hill?

A. He agreed to help others.

B. He was saved by Cullymore.

C. He hiked alone in the desert.

D. He regretted taking a blanket.

（4）What is the best title for the text?

A. The Camelback Mountain

B. Surviving the Heat

C. Hikers in Need

D. The Water Angel

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，远足者低估夏日的Camelback Mountain 同时高估自己的能力，所以在远足途中遇到麻烦，Cullymore了解情况后决定帮助他们。Cullymore通过在炎炎夏日给那些远足者提供水而被人们亲切地称为“水天使”。

（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段中的”From June to September, the temperature can easily surpass the century mark“；”Signs warn that the trail is ‘extremely difficult’“；”If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. “和“If you're halfway through your water, turn around!”可知在夏天去Camelback Mountain远足是非常艰难的，原因有两个：一个是温度很高，另一个是水。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”They underestimate the mountain, and they overestimate w hat they can do, and they get themselves in trouble.“可知人们低估了这座山，同时高估了自己的能力，因此他们陷入麻烦中，即对情况感到过于乐观导致他们涉险。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”They were lucky, he said pointing to Cullymore. ‘We ran into this Good Samaritan here.’”可知Austin Hill说他们很幸运，因为他们遇到了Cullymore这个乐善好施的人，故推测Cullymore救了他。故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“He has helped hydrate so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel.”和最后一段中的“And with that, the Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need.”以及文章主要内容可知，本文主要叙述了Cullymore 通过在山上给登山者发水来帮助他们，从而得到“水天使”的昵称，即本文主要讲述“水天使”的故事。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

It's almost camp season!

Summer is wonderful. Summer at one of the following awesome camps? Even more wonderful. Tahosa High Adventure Base

Location: Ward, Colorado

People puzzle: Tahosa's ropes courses are some of the nation's best. Use your hands, feet and brains to take up high-flying challenges and overcome your fears. Fly fishing at 9,000 feet? Yes. Fishing licenses or experience needed? No, sir!

Choose your adventure: Go all-inclusive, where the staff prepares meals and runs the program, or take control and plan your perfect week. The choice is yours.

Camp Raymond

Location: Parks, Arizona

Don't look down: When looking up at the stars, light pollution is your enemy. But Camp Raymond's location and elevation (海拔) of 6,700 feet offer perfect conditions for seeing otherwise invisible stars.

That's cool: Don't forget your camera and a jacket. During the day, you could spot bears and deer. At night, temperatures can fall sharply. Hot cocoa at summer camp? Cool.

Pamlico Sea Base

Location: Blounts Creek, North Carolina.

Go coastal: Explore the Carolina coast by boat. You choose the route, and Pamlico provides the equipment. Keep an eye out for wild horses, lighthouses and boatloads of fish.

Set sail: Even if you don't know the difference between starboard and star-lord, Pamlico's sailing journey will make you a first-rate sailor in no time. You'll even practice finding your way using the stars.

Base Camp

Location: St. Paul, Minnesota

Big upgrade: What happens when you change a 1907 cavalry drill hall (骑兵训练场) into an adventure destination in the heart of the city? You get Base Camp for overnight lock-ins, weekend retreats (隐居处) and summer camp.

Inside out: Most of Base Camp is indoors, meaning the activities like climbing walls can be undertaken on winter's coldest days.

（1）What do we know about Tahosa High Adventure Base?

A. It requires fishing licenses

B. It offers lessons on flying a plane

C. It's a camp that is intended for brave kids

D. It is a camp where you can set your own pace （2）What can be learned in Pamlico Sea Base?

A. How to tell starboard from star-lord

B. How to choose camping equipment

C. How to use the stars for directions

D. How to make a boat on your own

（3）In which camp can kids climb walls inside on winter days?

A. Base Camp.

B. Camp Raymond.

C. Pamlico Sea Base.

D. Tahosa High Adventure Base.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个精彩的·夏令营活动。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Tahosa High Adventure Base部分中的“Choose your adventure: Go all-inclusive, where the staff prepares meals and runs the program, or take control and plan your perfect week. The choice is yours.”可知，Tahosa High Adventure Base是一个你可以设定自己节奏的营地。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Pamlico Sea Base部分中的“Set sail: Even if you don’t know the difference between starboard and star-lord, Pamlico’s sailing journey will make you a first-rate sailor in no time. You’ll even practice finding your way using the stars.”可知，在Pamlico Sea Base你能学到如何使用星星来指引方向。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Base Camp部分中的“Inside out: Most of Base Camp is indoors,

meaning the activities like climbing walls can be undertaken on winter’s coldest days.”可知，在冬天，孩子们可以在Base Camp营地里爬墙。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

Japan has made a lot of noise in recent years about removing the traditional view that women should stay at home while men go out to work. So it was shocking when, on August 7th, Tokyo Medical University (TMU), a distinguished medical school, admitted marking down the test scores of female applicants to keep the ratio of women in each class below 30%.

Their defence was that women are more likely to drop out to marry and have children. To judge female applicants to medical school purely on their academic performance would leave Japan with a shortage of doctors, they said. The admission has caused outrage.

"Doctoring has long been a male field. But it is not the only one. Discrimination is common in banks and trading firms, where stamina (耐力) and loyalty, qualities somehow associated with men, are prized," says Mari Miura, a political scientist at Sophia University. All this embarrasses a government that has promised to make women "shine". The policy seems based on the need for more workers rather than on genuine concern for women.

Shinzo Abe, the prime minister, says he wants to bring millions more women into the workforce to make up for a labour shortfall caused by its ageing and declining population. In the field of politics, the record under Mr. Abe's premiership (首相任期) is disappointing. Just two members of his 20-strong cabinet are women, including Seiko Noda, in charge of women's rights. Ms. Noda, who makes little secret of her ambition to beat Mr. Abe in a leadership contest next month, has just published a book called "Grab the Future", her public declaration for pulling Japan into line with "global standards". She has almost no chance of winning.

（1）According to the passage, what has aroused the public's shock and rage in Japan? A. Women being more likely to drop out of school to marry and have children. B. TMU judging female applicants to medical school merely on their test score.

C. TMU putting a lower grade on female applicants to keep a low percentage of women in each class.

D. Japan tending to abandon the traditional view that women should stay at home while men go out to work.

（2）What do we know about Seiko Noda?

A. She is quite likely to win the leadership contest.

B. She never fails to show her ambition in public.

C. She is the only female member in Abe's cabinet.

D. Her newly released book "Grab the Future" is a bit hit.

（3）What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. Doctoring has long been a male field in Japan.

B. Professions like banking and trading are tailored to men.

C. Shinzo Abe performed poorly in dealing with labour shortfall.

D. Discrimination against women in careers in Japan is a big concern.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了最近的日本尤其是医药大学对女性性别的歧视，使社会一片哗然，这一性别歧视现象让日本政府陷入窘境。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“So it was shocking when, on August 7th, Tokyo Medical University (TMU), a distinguished medical school, admitted marking down the test scores of female applicants to keep the ratio of women in each class below 30%.” 在 8 月 7 日，当声望卓著的医学院——东京医科大学承认压低了女性申请者的考试分数，以将每个班级中女生的比例维持在 30%以下时，社会一片哗然。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Ms. Noda, who makes little secret of her ambition to beat Mr. Abe in a leadershi p contest next month, has just published a book called ‘Grab the Future’, her public declaration for pulling Japan into line with ‘global standards’”可知，野田毫不掩饰她在下个月的竞选中击败安倍的野心。她刚刚还出版了一本名为《抓住未来》的书，根据她的言行可知，她在公众场合表达自己的雄心，故选B。

（3）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要叙述了最近日本尤其是医药大学对女性性别的歧视，使社会一片哗然，这一性别歧视现象让日本政府陷入窘境，出现了很大的问题。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

12．阅读理解

They had a dozen children, six boys and six girls, in seventeen years. One reason Dad had so many children was that he was confident anything he and Mother teamed upon was sure to be a success.

Our house at Montclair, New Jersey, was a sort of school for scientific management and the removal of wasted motions —or “motion study,” as Dad and Mother named it.

Dad took moving pictures of us children washing dishes, so that he could determine how we could reduce our motions and thus hurry through the task. Each child who wanted extra pocket money put forward an offer saying what he would do the job for. The lowest bidder got the contract(合约).

Dad put process and work charts in the bathrooms. Every child old enough to write — and Dad expected his children to start writing at a young age — was required to sign their names on the charts in the morning after he had brushed his teeth, taken a bath, combed his hair, and made his bed. At night, each child had to weigh himself, mark the figure on a graph, and sign the process charts again after he had done his homework, washed his hands and face, and brushed his teeth. Mother wanted to have a place on the charts for saying prayers, but Dad said as far as he was concerned prayers were voluntary.

It was strict management, all right. Yes, at home or on the job, Dad was always the efficiency expert. He buttoned his vest from the bottom up, instead of from the top down, because the

bottom-to-top process took him only three seconds, while the top-to-bottom took seven. He even used two shaving brushes to make his face smooth enough, because he found that by so doing he could cut seventeen seconds off his shaving time. For a while he tried shaving with two razors, but he finally gave that up.

“I can save forty-four seconds,” he complained, “but I wasted two minutes this morning putting this bandage on my throat.” It wasn't the i njured throat that really bothered him. It was the two minutes.

（1）Why was the author's house considered a sort of school?

A. It had a team of twelve children there.

B. The children were taught how to work well in it.

C. The parents could teach their children better at home.

D. The parents could have the children's daily activities recorded.

（2）What is the purpose of signing the charts?

A. To help to do things efficiently.

B. To manage the big family effectively.

C. To look after the children better.

D. To remind the children to obey the rules.

（3）What did the father complain about one morning?

A. He should have given up shaving.

B. His bleeding throat bothered him.

C. He couldn't shave with two razors.

D. He failed to cut short his shaving time.

（4）We can we infer from the text?

A. The kids had to bid for everything they wanted.

B. The author took pride in his father's management.

C. The couple were always troubled by their children.

D. The father's work was to teach the children at home.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者父亲有一套严格有效的管理教育子女的方法，使作者感到自豪。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Our house at Montclai r, New Jersey, was a sort of school for scientific management and the removal of wasted motions —or ‘motion study,’ as Dad and Mother named it.”可知，作者的家被认为是一种学校是因为孩子们被教导如何在里面工作得很好。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“It was strict management, all right. Yes, at home o r on the job, Dad was always the efficiency expert.”可知，签署图表的目的是为了帮助我们有效地做事。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“‘I can save forty-four seconds,’ he complained, ‘but I wasted two minutes this morning putting this bandage on my throat.’ It wasn't the injured throat that really bothered him. It was the two minutes.”可知，父亲抱怨他没能缩短他的剃须时间。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“It was strict management, all right. Yes, at home or

on the job, Dad was always the efficiency expert. He buttoned his vest from the bottom up, instead of from the top down, because the bottom-to-top process took him only three seconds, while the top-to-bottom took seven.”可知，作者以他父亲的管理而自豪。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，选出正确答案。

13．阅读理解

For years, my time spent in the shower could have got me a mention in Guinness World Records as the shortest time taken to bathe. I hurried up during this process.

One day, however, while at a party, I heard an artist friend telling everybody that his idea came while he was having a shower. “What about you?” he asked, “Don't you get your creative thoughts from the same place?”

“I'm in and out in a hurry,” I told him proudly. “I have no time to waste!”

“What a pity,” he said. “That's the place where you need to slow down; plenty of great thoughts com e from there!” I tried it out. I slowed down the whole process, started enjoying the warm water, taking a little longer to soap myself and even spending more time just enjoying the process, and realized how much I had missed in hurrying up all these years.

A woman told me how much stress her friend was suffering from and how she sought to convince her that she needed to find ways to relax. She gave her a videotape on stress management and relaxation techniques, and encouraged her to watch it right away. Fifteen minutes later, her friend handed back the tape. “It was good,” she said,” but I don't need it.”“But it's a 70 - minute video,” the woman replied, “You couldn't have watched the whole thing.”

“Yes, I did,” her friend said. “I put it in fas t - forward!”

A major social problem of the 21st century is Hurry Sickness. We hurry through work. We swallow fast food. We complain that we don't have enough time. We race through the days and weeks until one day we look back in amazement and comment, “My god, how the years flew by!” Then we realize the heavy price we have paid for traveling fast.

Symptoms of Hurry Sickness include stress and anxiety, bad relationships, lowered work performance and even disease. Some people don't survive it. What's the cure? Slow down, for life is so short and precious that we must live it well.

（1）What was the advantage of taking a shower in the eyes of the artist friend?

A. Time was saved.

B. Nothing was missed.

C. Great ideas flew away.

D. Creative thoughts came.

（2）What was the trouble with the woman's friend?

A. She felt stressed.

B. She found the tape useless.

C. She found no way to relax.

D. She watched the tape too fast.

（3）What are the major trouble people face in the 21st century in the writer's eyes?

A. People run fast to work.

B. Everything is done in a hurry.

C. People don't have enough time.

D. Time flies without being noticed.

中考英语阅读理解专项讲解

阅读理解整体分析选材 ①阅读材料通常在150~250词之间 ②选材广泛,具有浓厚的时代气息 ③阅读语段生动活泼,语句富子变化命题原则 ①要求考生既能理解具体的事实,也能理解抽象的概念; ②要求考生既能理解文章的表层意思,也能理解文章的深层含义; ③要求考生既能理解某句、某段的意思,也能理解全篇的逻辑关系; 中考阅读理解的应试策略在解答阅读理解题时,要根据如下步骤进行解题。 1.浏览问题明确要求先了解文章后面所要解决的问题再去看文章,能使思路更加清晰,做到心中有数。 2.略读全文,了解梗概略读就是在尽可能短的时间内把握文章或段落的内容,略读时要特别注意主题。 3.通读寻读猎取信息寻读时可把与答题无关的内容一扫而过,而与答题有关的重要信息要认真读。 4逐条分析,对号入座即把寻读时所获得的信息与答题要求结合起来,逐条进行分析,对号人座。 5.复读全文,验证答案再次仔细阅读全文,进一步加深对文章的理解,核实所选内容是否正确。阅读理解不同题型解题技巧基于不同的考查目的,阅读理解题通常可分类为“细节理解题”“主且大意题”“词义猜测题”与“推理判断题”,不同的考查目的,会有不同的设题特点可使用不同的解题技巧。一、细节理解题解题技巧细节理解题主要是考查who, what, which, when, where等文章细节些细节理解题比较简单,只需浏览文中所叙述的事实或细节,就可以作答。但一些细节理解题则需要通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查学生对英语的理解能力,对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。这些题的难度较大解答细节理解题时,要先看题于,然后带着问题读文章。同学们做这类题时可以边读边做记号,加强阅读的针对性提高做题的准确率, 1.语义转换题一跳读查找法。语义转换题通常考查对某句话或某几包话的理解，可根据题干内容从原文中找到相关句子,然后进行比较和分析,并确定最佳答案运用跳读查找法时,要特别注意试题及其选项与原文之间的语义变换,如同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等 2.生活应用题一常识理解法。生活应用题要求学生在读懂文章的基础上结合定的生活常识进行判断。但有些时候,一些常识性判断题,甚至只看题干,就可选出最佳答案。 3.细节排序题一首尾定位法。这种试题要求学生根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生的正确顺序,做此类题时可采用“首尾定位第一个动作和最后一个动作,迅速缩小选择范围,从而快速选出正确答案 4.寻找值息题一干定位法。快速寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题,主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表、购物就餐等,做这类题时没有必要阅读全文,直采用“题干定位法,根据题干要求,直接从表格中查找相关信息

初中英语阅读教学设计与案例分析继续教育张银发

初中英语阅读教学设计与案例分析赵文娟 (北京市朝阳区教研中心初中英语教研员中学高级 ) 一、初中英语阅读教学概述 Do you believe…? We learn to read by reading. The best way to improve your knowledge of a foreign language is to go and live among its speakers. The next best way is to read extensively in it. 阅读是读者从语篇中获取信息的过程。著名语言学家 Christine Nuttall认为，作者将自己头脑中的信息编码，形成语篇，读者再把语篇解码，获取信息。阅读活动各环节的设置应注重其心理效应、突出语言的实践性和语篇的整体性。阅读是读者与文章的交互过程。传统观点认为阅读就是要从文章中获取信息，了解文章的内容就是达到了阅读的目的。然而现在语言学家们提出了新的看法。“ 阅读是一个语言心理的猜测过程” （ Goodman ）。读者在对语言层次的词语进行解码的同时，也在运用自己的知识（事实和社会文化方面的知识、有关阅读材料话题的知识、文章结构组织的知识、情景上下文的知识等）对文章的下文进行预测，阅读检验自己的预测、修订自己的预测、进行新的预测…… 整个阅读过程实际上就是读者与文章的交互过程。只有当低层次阅读和高层次阅读共同作用时，才能实现流利阅读的目的。这样的阅读才能激发学生的思维能力、想象能力和创造能力，而这，也正是我们阅读教学的目的。

阅读教学的定义《英语课程标准》指出：“ 语言技能包括听、说、读、写四个方面的技能以及这四种技能的综合运用能力。听和读是理解的技能，说和写是表达的技能；这四种技能在语言学习和交际中相辅相成、相互促进。学生应通过大量的专项和综合性语言实践活动，形成综合语言运用能力。为真实语言交际打基础。（《英语课程标准》，第 9 页）英语课程标准》阅读五级要求： 1 ．能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义； 2 ．能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系； 3 ．能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局； 4 ．能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料； 5 ．能根据不同阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息； 6 ．能利用字典等工具书进行学习； 7 ．除教材外，课外阅读量达到 5 万词以上 ,累计 15万字。阅读教学的目的教师通过开展有效的阅读教学活动，培养学生良好的英语阅读习惯，使学生在轻松愉快的环境下获取信息，得到感知语言的能力，从而达到全面提高英语能力的目的。

(完整)初中英语阅读课教学设计

谈初中英语阅读课教学案例吉林省桦甸市金沙中学：王欣平一、背景现行初中英语教材具有很多的优点，但由于学生认知水平的发展具有规律性，教师只有充分认识和掌握这种规律，并结合教学实际，合理设计教学程序，充分发挥学生的主体作用，教学相长，才能达到教学效果的最优化。二、教材分析 1、话题：本课时选择的是初二英语课本第四单元How often do you exercise?中的一篇文章，主要是围绕本单元的中心任务“Food and lifestyles ”而展开的。 2、内容：这篇文章讲述了很多学生平时的饮食和生活习惯。通过学习，让学生明白什么是健康的饮食和生活习惯 3、目标：（1）理解课文内容，知道如何捕捉细节。（2）根据图片猜测大意。（3）引导学生掌握模仿主题进行描述的技巧, 形成根据主题理解文章细节并能分辨是非的能力。 Step 1: Warming–up activities （一）Free Talk: To ask the student on duty to make a speech: “What is my favorite food?” 设计思路：以讨论日常生活的话题进入，可以活跃课堂气氛。同时，由于每天都有值日生报告，可以锻炼学生的书写和口头表达能力。另外，在交流过程中，也互相锻炼了学生的听力水平。（二）1.Revise some names of food (Let the students speak freely.)

2. To show the students beautiful pictures of food During the talking,the teacher can write some of them on the Bb, especially some new words: fruit, sweet, bread, meat, juice. 3. To ask the students to ask and answer: “What is it?”,“Do you like it?” 设计思路：（1）通过感性的图片教学，可以进一步调动学生的学习积极性。（2）让学生相互问答，了解食物的名称，在交流中培养他们的合作精神和解决问题的能力。（三）Discussion : （１）What food can we eat a lot? （２） Do you think … is good for our health? （３） Which is your favorite? 设计思路：通过有趣的话题极大地激发学生的好奇心，为进入正文教学打下基础。最后向学生展示有关食物的相关链接(P67)-- “Healthy Eating”，并让他们参与讨论，知道哪些才是正确的饮食。教学后记：针对上述教学设计和课堂教学活动，笔者有以下三点体会：（１）本活动在设计上比较符合学生的认知水平，能激发学生完成任务的兴趣和参与活动的热情。（２）能使阅读前的“Warming–up activities”真正发挥“热身”的作用。这就为顺利开展之后的多个活动打下了基础。（３）上课伊始就顺利切入主题，中间过渡自然，言语富有鼓励性和启发性，能使学生产生强烈的共鸣。 Step 2: Reading （一）Listening and scanning: 1. What do students want to be? 2. What do students eat for breakfast now?

湖北省武汉市中考英语阅读理解真题汇编(带答案)

湖北省武汉市中考英语阅读理解真题汇编(精选2017-2019年中考真题+详细解析答案，值得下载) 2019 四、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面三篇材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A 56. The material above is mainly about . A. The New YorkTimes B. “36 Hours” guides C. an introduction t o “Explorer” D. prices of the new books 57. The two books cover subjects.

A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8 58. “TASCHEN” in the material refers to. A. the name of a writer B. the sign of dream trips C. a store that sells books online D. a company that produces books 59. What can we learn about the books from the material? A. They are very expensive. B. They are well designed and made. C. They are sold by a team of writers. D. One of them is about ‘Beaches’, ‘Islands’and ‘Deserts’． 60. What the book series describes has something to do with . A. journeys B. readers C. lifestyles D. advertisements B You don’ t have to be a scientist to solve big environmental problems. One Dutch designer is finding creative ways to make a change—and he’s inviting bikers to join him. Daan Roosgaarde, 38, is a designer from Holland. He uses creative ideas to improve city life. For his Smog (雾霾) Free Project, he designed a special tower that cleans air in Chinese parks. In Holland, he designed a shining bicycle path. Now Daan and his team are working with engineers at Chinese bike-sharing company Ofo -cleaning machine connected to a bicycle and is to create a new product for public use. It’s an air part of the Smog Free Project. In smoggy weather, the machine would breathe in the air in front of the bike and blow out a stream of clean air toward the biker’s face. It’s no secret that air pollution is a big problem for China. In winter, it’s common for thick clouds of haze (霾), caused largely by factory production, burning of coal and car emissions (排放物), to cover areas of China. air quality standards, In 2016, only one-fourth of Chinese cities met the country’s according to a survey of 338 cities nationwide from the Ministry of Environmental Protection. “Of course one tower and a few bikes won’t solve China’s air pollution problem,” -free bikes are an exciting idea that will hopefully inspire communities to create said, “But smog greener cities.” 61. According to the writer, _ . A. air pollution is not a big problem in China B. creative ideas may help improve city life C. only scientists can solve big environmental problems D. the survey of 338 cities nationwide was not necessary 62. The air-cleaning machine offers clean air to the hiker by . A. blowing out dirty air B. running fast with the bike C. cleaning the air around the biker D. breathing in dirty air and cleaning it 63. From the passage, we know that . A. people who have creative ideas can get free bikes B. only smog-free bikes can go on the shining bicycle path C. Daan and his family spent all their time im proving China’s air quality D. China’s haze in winter happens because of more than three causes 64. Daan is inviting bikers to join him in order to . A. raise money for the tower B. test his new machine

中考英语阅读理解专项复习经典

中考英语阅读理解专项复习经典一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne（凡尔纳） as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer. At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864） and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）. In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne's writing included many predictions（预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich. Jules Verne's books have been the subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first time that Disney movie had used real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time! （1）What does the phrase "the father of science fiction" mean? A. The father who has several children. B. The man who loves science and inventions. C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction. D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully. （2）What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories? A. The plays he wrote for the theater. B. The encouragement from his father. C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon. D. The scientific subjects in his stories. （3）Why were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th century? A. Because his books made him rich and famous. B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time. C. Because his books were the subjects for many movies. D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions. （4）Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg? A. Five Weeks in a Balloon. B. Around the World in Eighty Days. C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth. D. From the Earth to the Moon. （5）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. The space flight Verne described was different from others. B. The main characters in Verne's books are always on time. C. Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century. D. Many of the predictions in Verne's stories came true.

中考英语阅读理解专题(含答案)经典

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编 1．阅读上面的信息，选择正确答案。 ① Jackie, Are you good at fixing printers? The one in my office doesn't work. Please help! Grace ② You can make a cake in about fifteen minutes. First, heat the oven to 350℉. Then, put the flour （面粉） in a bowl and add the milk, butter, eggs and salt. ③ Found A purple schoolbag. Found at the gate. Call Janet at 457-4611. ④ Telephone Message From: Luke Sanger To: Mr. Miller Message: Call him back at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29 at his office number （234-3688）. ⑤Our running club members meet at 7: 00 p.m. every Wednesday. We run in two groups: Beginners （for anyone ） The experienced （for runners who can do 12miles or more ） Join us to keep fit! Call Esteban Lopez at 617-555- 3697. A. office B. mobile phone C. printer D. cake （2）We may read Text ② in a ________. A. cookbook B. music magazine C. weather report D. story book （3）Text ③ should be a ________. A. thank-you note B. letter C. postcard D. notice （4）According to Text④, Luke Sanger should be ________ at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29. A. at home B. in the office C. on the plane D. at the restaurant （5）In Test ⑤, the running club members meet ________. A. once a week B. twice a week C. once a month D. twice a month 【答案】（1）C （2）A （3）D （4）B （5）A 【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍感谢信，蛋糕制作流程，失物招领，和电话和俱乐部等的信息。（1）细节题。根据 Are you good at fixing printers? 可知打印机出了问题，故选C 。（2）推断题。本则内容主要介绍如何做蛋糕，因此此则信息可能来自烹饪的书籍，故选A 。

初中英语阅读理解教学案例(1)

初中英语阅读理解教教案阅读理解是英语学习中必须具备的能力之一，有助于巩固和扩大词汇、丰富语言知识，提高运用语言的能力。可以训练学生的思维能力、理解能力、概括能力与判断能力。加强阅读训练可以为学生创造大量获取语言知识和大量运用语言的机会和条件。既可以培养学生对语篇进行分析、综合并从中获取信息的能力，也能培养学生的审美情趣。培养阅读能力也是教学大纲中规定的中学英语教学目标之一，所以阅读课在我们平时的英语教学中尤为重要，怎样上好阅读课成为英语教师教学中的关键。以下根据自己近些年的教学经验，对初中英语阅读理解教学模式进行初步的探究和分析。教学模式总结如下： Presentation（导入）——skimming（粗读）——listening and reading（听读）——scanning （跳读）——intensive reading（细读）——retelling（复述）——discussing（讨论）——writing （写作）——summary（小结）。初中英语人教版九年级Unit 12 Section B 3a Step 1：Presentation（导入）本篇文章主要讲述法国的风俗，所以可以通过讲述一个因为语言差异所产生的误解的笑话导入，以此引起学生对课文产生兴趣，使学生更快的进入学习状态。 Step 2：Skimming 这一步是为掌握文章大意而进行的阅读，要求学生读后概括文章的大意，并且设计一些简单的问句让学生进行回答。 What does Wang Kun do? Where is she now? What’s the article mainly about? Step 3：Listening and reading 让学生边听边读，并且在听读的过程中找出文章的重点词汇、短语、句子。并且进行解决，扫除学生阅读中存在的一部分障碍，但要注意知识点的讲解要尽量简练，并且要引导和培养学生根据上下文猜词的能力。 Step 4：Scanning 这是一种为寻求特点细节放弃大部分内容，只注意某一点或某几点的阅读方式，要求学生根据老师提出的问题进行跳跃式的阅读，找出问题的主要信息。在此环节中提醒学生不要逐词逐句看课文，要讲究速度。在最短的时间内找出问题的答案。在此期间老师要出示以下问题：How many table manners are mentioned in the passage ? What are they ? be supposed to do be not supposed to do Step 5：Intensive reading 仔细阅读文章，要求学生从细节处把握文章，在前面阅读的基础上，从整体上把握文章的主要内容，以便于帮助学生加深对课文的理解。在此环节中，要求学生各自独立完成阅读任务，然后与同桌或同组同学合作解决疑难点。在学生的阅读过程中，教师要出示以下问题帮助学生理解课文。 1、Why was Wang Kun nervous before she arrived in France? 2、Why did she have no reason to be nervous? 3、How has her French improved? 4、What is one particular challenge she is facing?

中考英语阅读理解命题特点及复习建议演示教学

中考英语阅读理解命题特点及复习建议

中考英语阅读理解命题特点及复习建议 §历年来我省中考阅读理解题的特点 1、考试时间为40分钟，共20题，每题2分，共计40分。阅读理解主要有五篇短文，短文的长度平均为260词左右，总阅读量为1400词左右，阅读速度平均为60 Wpm(word per minute) 2、阅读理解的题材广泛，体裁多种，题型多样。阅读理解的题材广泛，内容包罗万象,如有关动植物、人物传记、历史、文化、环境、资源、交通、医学、经济、信息等方面。总体上说，其题材主要集中在科普知识，社会文化和经济生活三方面。阅读理解文章的体裁主要有三类：叙述文、说明文和议论文。 1）、叙述文叙述文一般以讲述个人生活经历为主，对于经历的陈述通常由一定的时间概念贯穿其中，或顺序或倒序。但是在考试中一般不出现单纯的叙述文，因为单纯的叙述文比较简单、易懂。所以中考中的叙述文大多是夹叙夹议的文章。这类文章的基本结构模式是：（1）一段概括性的话引入要叙述的经历(话题) （2）叙述先前的经历及其感悟或发现（3）叙述接下来的经历及其感悟或发现（4）做出总结或结论 2）、说明文（描述文）仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢2

说明文的一般结构模式和叙述文的结构模式有相通之处即：提出问题（或以一个事例引出问题）---- 发现直接原因----- 分析深层原因-----得出结论或找到出路。知道了类似的文章结构特点，就可以据此来进行考题预测。比如，我们看出了该篇文章属于这种结构类型，就能判断出几个问题中肯定有一个要问原因，还有可能要出现推断题。 3）、议论文我们大家最容易辨认出来的议论文模式是主张---反主张模式。在这一模式中，作者首先提出一种普遍认可的观点或某些人认可的主张或观点，然后进行澄清，说明自己的主张或观点，或者说提出反主张或真实情况。议论文的这种结构特点决定了它的主要题型是作者观点态度题，文章主旨题以及推理判断题。只要发现了这种结构特点，解答问题的主要任务就变成了到段落内找答案，基本上不存在任何困难。通过研究以上的文章结构特点，我们不难发现，在我省中考阅读理解中无论任何体裁的文章往往都遵循着这样一个共同的模式：提出话题（观点或事例）---- 用事例分析原因(或批驳观点)------得出结论。对文章结构特点的把握有助于读者更加自觉地关注文章的开始和结尾，分清观点和事例，从而在阅读理解中准确定位，快速答题。通过历年试题的分析我们发现我省中考阅读文章主要是议论文和说明文。阅读理解的题型主要有主观性题型和客观性题型。前者主要包括主旨型、推理型、作者语气、态度型、结论型等。后者主要包括事实型、推测词义型、指代关系型、常识题、是非题等。 §英语课程标准对阅读理解的具体要求仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢3

2019中考英语阅读理解专项练习：The report

2019中考英语阅读理解专项练习：The report The report came to the British on May 21,1949. The German battleship Bismarck, the most powerful warship(战舰) in the world, was moving out into the Atlantic Ocean. Her task： to destroy the ships supplies from the United Statesto war-tornEngland. The British had feared such a task. No warship they had could match theBismarckin speed or in firepower. TheBismarckhad eight 15-inch guns and 81 small guns. She could move at 30 nautical(海上的) miles an hour. She was believed to be unsinkable. However, the British had to sink her. They sent out a task force headed by their best battleship Hood to hunt down theBismarck. On May 24, the Hood found theBismarck. It was a meeting that the German commander Luetjens did not want to see. His orders were to destroy the British ships that were carrying supplies, but to stay away from a fight with British warships. The battle didn’t last long. The Bismarck’s first torpedo(鱼雷) hit the Hood, which went down taking all but three of her 4,419 men with her. But in the fight, theBismarckwas slightly damaged. Her commander decided to run for repairs toFrance, which had at that time been taken by the speed and the heavy fog, they lost sight of her.

中考英语英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案)

中考英语英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案) 一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷 1．阅读理解 Children love to play and laugh throughout their days at school or at home. Finding the time to laugh with your children may be the best thing you can do for the relationship. Encourage your children to develop a good humor by laughing at the jokes they make up on the spot. This will help them grow confident and build their self-esteem. If you do not get the joke, you can ask why they think the joke is funny. Honest feedback will help your children develop funnier jokes. You can take them to your local library and have them pick up a few joke books. Then you can head back home or out to the park and read it together for a good laugh. You can take turns reading jokes to each other from the book or make up a few yourselves. But if they make a joke at the expense of another person, you may want to discuss the difference between making fun of yourself and making fun of others. In turn , try not to make jokes at your children’s expense, you need to set an exampl e that they can follow. Learning to laugh at oneself is a great quality to attain. You can set an example by laughing at your own mistakes. This is a great way to help reduce your own stress as well as your children’s. Laughing may make the situation seem lighter and easier to work through. By doing this, your children will be better prepared to handle any difficulties. Most importantly, laughing will bring you closer together as a family. You can have your family find different ways to laugh. You can play games. You can start a staring contest, arm wrestling contest, thumb wars contest and have a prize for the winners. You can all watch your best funny movies and act out the best parts together after the movies are over. You could hold a contest to see who can make the other members of the family laugh more by doing something funny. Kids will be able to enjoy the good time they had with their parents. The family that laughs together stays together! （1）If you often play and laugh with your children, you can ________. A. develop a good humor B. become proud and confident C. make up some funny jokes D. get along well with each other （2）The underlined word “them” refers to ________. A. funny jokes B. interesting books C. your children D. the family （3）We can infer that when your children make mistakes you should ________. A. teach them to laugh at the mistakes B. blame them seriously C. punish them at once D. tell them to do better in future （4）The author advises in Para.4 that people make their family members laugh by ________. A. having a party B. having some kinds of contests C. doing some housework D. reading joke books （5）What can be the best title for the text? A. The More You laugh, the B etter You’ll Be B. Laughing Every Day Is Simple C. How to Laugh in Everyday Life D. Laughter Is Good for Your Family

英语阅读理解模拟试题

中考英语阅读理解专项讲解

最新中考英语阅读理解专题(含答案)经典

初中英语阅读教学设计与案例分析 继续教育张银发

(完整)初中英语阅读课教学设计

湖北省武汉市中考英语阅读理解真题汇编(带答案)

中考英语阅读理解专项复习经典

中考英语阅读理解专题(含答案)经典

初中英语阅读理解教学案例(1)

中考英语阅读理解命题特点及复习建议演示教学

2019中考英语阅读理解专项练习：The report

中考英语 英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案)

初中英语阅读教学设计与案例分析继续教育张银发

中考英语英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案)