文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › (完整word版)高中英语语法总结-动词的时态和语态

(完整word版)高中英语语法总结-动词的时态和语态

(完整word版)高中英语语法总结-动词的时态和语态
(完整word版)高中英语语法总结-动词的时态和语态

动词的时态和语态

动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词,在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。设题时给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。

时态名称构成

一般现在时do/does,(连系动词is/am/are)

一般过去时did,(连系动词was/were)

一般将来时

will/shall do

is/am/are going to do is/am/are(about)to do

现在进行时is/am/are doing

过去进行时was/were doing

将来进行时will be doing

现在完成时has/have done

过去完成时had done

将来完成时will/shall have done 现在完成进行时has/have been doing

过去将来时

would/should do was/were going to do was/were(about)to do

(一)一般现在时

1.表示经常或习惯性的动作,多用行为动词,且常与表频率的时间状语连用

We always care for each other and help each other.

2.表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受主句时态的限制)

The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.

1.表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,只用一般现在时;

The plane takes off at 10:00 a.m.飞机上午10点起飞。

2.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中有时可

以用shall或will表“意愿”,不表示时态;

I’ll go there after I finish my work.

If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.

3.以here, there开头的句子里,go, come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。

There comes the bus.汽车来了。

Here she comes.她来了。

(二)一般过去时

1.过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或存在的状态

He lived in Beijing when he was young.他年轻时生活在北京。

2.表达过去发生的动作

We visited the factory last Friday.上周五我们参观了那家工厂。

1.有些动词如:think, want, plan等用在一般过去时中常常译为“原来认为/以为,原来想,原计划”。

I thought the film would be interesting, but it isn't.我原以为这部电影是很有趣的,但是事实并非如此。

2.考生有时用现在完成时代替一般过去时

Hello, I _______you were in London. How long _________here?

A. don’t know; were you

B. hadn’t known; are you

C. haven’t known; are

D. didn’t know; have you been

【解析】非常容易误选B。其实答案为D,因为“didn’t know” 强调的是见面前不知道,即指过去不知道。

(三)一般将来时

1.表示将来的动作和存在的状态

The first time we’ll send you with an experienced reporter.第一次我们要派有经验的记者陪同你一起去。

2.表示一种倾向或习惯性动作

Oil will float on water.油会浮在水面上。

Crops will die without water.没有水庄稼会死亡

一般将来时几种特殊表达形式的区别

1.be going to:表示打算做某事或有迹象表明即将发生某事

I am going to visit my friend in hospital.我将去看望住在医院的朋友。

It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来好象要下雨了。

2.be about to:表示即时的将来。一般不与时间状语连用

Now ladies and gentleman, you’re about to hear the most incredible tale.

女士们,先生们,你们马上就要听到一个难以置信的故事。

3.be to:可用来表示计划、安排(通常是正式的安排);指令;(表示可能)会做……,可能;必定会发生或已发生了某事;发布命令或告之规则

Their daughter is to get married soon.他们的女儿可能不久就要结婚了。

(四)现在进行时

1.表示现在正在进行的动作;

It is raining heavily now, so we must stay inside.现在正下着大雨,因此我们必须呆在家里。

2.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作;

My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。

现在进行时与always, often等频度副词连用,表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩

Why are always forgetting his name?为啥你总是记他的名字呢?

(五)过去进行时

1.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作

My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。

2.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作(这一过去时间须用时间状语表示)

He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.昨天一整天他都在准备他的演讲。

3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生

I was writing while he was watching TV. 我在写东西而他在看电视。

4.表示过去将来动作

He said she was arriving the next.day.他说他将在第二天到达。

考生有时用现在完成时或用一般过去时代替过去进行时。

①—Hey, look where you are going!

—Oh, I’m terribly sorry._______.

A. I’m not noticing.

B. I wasn’t noticing.

C. I haven’t noticed.

D. I don’t notice.

【解析】非常容易误选C。其实答案为B。因为对话的后者显然是在解释刚才不小心冒犯对方时正在做的事情,应该用过去进行时。

②He ______a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he _____it.

A. wrote; has finished

B. was writing; has finished

C. was writing; had finished

D. wrote; will finish

【解析】非常容易误选A。其实答案为B。从“I don’t know if he has finished it”推断,他去年一直在写,应该用过去进行时。

(六)将来进行时

1.表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作,一般带状语

When he comes to my house tomorrow, I will be writing the report.他明天来我家的时候,我将正在写报告。

2.表示现在正在进行的动作,但这个动作会延续到将来

I think that she will be working on this experiment until next morning.

我想她做这个实验将会一直做到明天早上。

3.表示预定的将来动作或对将来的预测

Stop the child or he will be falling over.拦住那孩子,不然他会摔下去的。

将来进行时和一般将来时的区别

1.一般将来时不仅表示“将来”,还含有“意志、意愿”等的意思

I’ll try my best to hard work at English.我将尽全力努力学习英语。(含意愿的意思)

I’ll be studying English next term.下学期我将学习英语。(表示单纯的将来)

2.跟一般将来时连用的时间状语比较模糊,而跟进来进行时连用的时间状语非常具体

I’ll write a letter to my father tomorrow.我明天要给父亲写信。

I’ll be writing a letter to my father this time tomorrow.明天这个时候,我会给父亲写信的。

(七)现在完成时

表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果,说话时已完成的动作。

I have finished the report. 我已经完成了这个报告。

She has cleaned the room.她已经打扫干净了这个房间。

1.表示从过去开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,往往和“for...”,“since...”表述的一段时间状语连用。

He has learned English for six years.他学英语已经六年了。

They have worked here since they left college.他们大学毕业以后就在这里工作。

2.表示“曾经到过某地(人已回来)”用“have/has been to”,表示“到某地去了(还未回来)”用“have/has gone

to”。

—Where is Li Hua? —李华在哪里?

-He has gone to the reading-room.—他去阅览室了。

—She knows a lot about Shanghai.—关于上海,她懂很多。

-She has been there.—她去过那里。

短暂动词(即瞬间动词),如:join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry,finish,complete,begin, start, break out等,在完成时态中,其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。

要翻译“他已参军已经三年了”。不能说:He has joined the army for three years.而要用以下三种方法:

①“ago法”:He joined the army three years ago.

②“延续法”:He has been in the army for three years.

③“since法”:It is/has been three years since he joined the army.

(八)过去完成时

表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。

He had shut the door before the dog came up.在那狗走过来之前,他已将门关上了。

Everything had been all right up till this morning.直到今天上午为止,一切都正常。

1.表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成,甚至还要继续下去。

At the age of ten, he had learned 500 English words.十岁的时候,他已经学了500个英语单词了。

He had been ill for a week when we learned about it.我们知道的时候,他已经病了一个星期了。

2.常用hope, expect, think, intend, want, suppose等动词的过去完成时来表示未实现的希望、打算或意图。We had expected that you would be able to win the match.我们本期望你能赢得这场比赛的。

(九)将来完成时

用来表示在将来某个时刻(前)将完成的动作。常和by短语,when, before引起的时间状语连用。We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term.

1.在时间、条件状语从句中,用现在完成时代替将来完成时来表示将来某一时刻以前已完成的动作

Tell me what you think about the film when you have seen it.

你看完这部电影之后告诉我你对它的意见。

2.与by the end of引导的时间状语从句连用时要看“of”后面的名词所表示的时间概念来决定是用将来完

成时还是用过去完成时。

We will have learned 2000 English words by the end of this term.

到这学期结束时为止,我们将学会2000英语单词。

We had learned 2000 English words by the end of last term.

到这学期结束时为止,我们将学会2000英语单词。

(十)现在完成进行时

用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在(还要继续下去)的动作。

He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00.8点以来,他一直在做这些数学题。

现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较

1.现在完成时着重表示动作的结果

I have read that book.我读过那本书了。(知道那本书的内容)

2.着重表示过去发生的动作持续到现在还将继续下去

—Hi,Tracy,you look tired.

—I am tired.I_______ the living room all day.

A. painted

B. had painted

C. have been painting

D. have painted

【解析】答案为C。强调动作从过去到现在的延续,可能还将继续下去。

(十一)过去将来时

相对于过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作或存在的状态。

He told me he would go to Beijing.他告诉我他将去北京。

I was told that he was going to return home.有人告诉我他准备回家。

would do(表示过去的习惯)总是,总会,常常。

He would sit silent for hours.他常常接连好几个小时默默地坐着。

被动语态构成

一般现在时am/is/are done

一般过去时was/were done

一般将来时shall/will be done

过去将来时should/would be done

现在进行时am/is/are being done

过去进行时was/were being done

现在完成时have/has been done

过去完成时had been done

将来完成时will/would have been done

含有情态动词的can/must/may be done

1.主动表示被动的几种情况

①不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态。常见动词有:cut, sell, read, write, fill, cook,

lock, wash等。

This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。

These books sell well.这些书好卖。

The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。

Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather.肉在这样热的天气里放不长久。

The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。

②一些连系动词的主动式+形容词。常见动look, smell, taste, sound, feel, prove, turn out等。

The apples taste good.这些苹果尝起来味道不错。

The flower smells wonderful.这花闻起来很不错。

The news proved/turned out true.这消息后来证明时真的。

Cotton feels soft.棉花摸起来很软。

③主语+need/want/require表示需要被……的时候,常用动名词的主动式表示被动或用不定式的被动

式。

The car needs repairing.=The car needs to be repaired.这车需要修理。

④be worth doing表示某事值得去做。

The Great Wall is worth visiting.长城值得一游。

2.常见没有被动语态的动词(短语)

leave,enter,reach,become,benefit,cost,equal,contain,last,lack,fit,fail,have,appear,happen,occur,belong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, lose heart

The Second World War broke out in 1939. 第二次世界大战爆发于1939年。

Our class consists of 50 students.我们班由50个学生组成。

3.常用被动语态的固定句型

It is believed/said /reported/hoped/supposed that…据信/据说/据报道/人们希望/人们认为……

It must be pointed out that…必须指出……

It is generally considered that…一般认为……

It is wel l known that…大家都知道……

It must be admitted that…必须承认……

完成句子之动词时态专题训练

一、高考原题再现

1、I haven’t the slightest idea _______________________ (他正在说什么).(talk)

2、Last night, John was answering the letters that ____________________________ (寄给他的) during the past two weeks.(arrive)

3、The fact _______ (他失败了数次)makes him very upset.(fail)

4、_________________ (他是否出过国)doesn’t make much difference.(he, abroad)

5、Not only ________________(要帮助) the disabled to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for those who need it.(give)

6、Seldom____________________________(他们玩)video games ever since they entered college.(play)

7、The city___________________________(我成长的)is very hot and damp in summer.(grow)

8、____________________________(我花了)one thousand dollars to buy the painting last week.(cost)

9、With the rapid development of science and technology,I can’t imagine__________________

(我的家乡会是什么样子)in ten years.(what)

10、At present,lots of food,water,tents,and medicine__________(______________正在运往)from all over China and other parts of the world to the earthquake-stricken areas.(transport)

二、巩固练习

1、Great changes ________________(发生了) in my hometown in the past ten years and people are enjoying a much richer life now.(take)

2、Two hundred dollars (被花掉了)last week.(spend)

3、(已经有)more Americans killed in road accidents than in all the wars since 1900. (there)

4、Thank you all the same. They (已经把信息传给)to me .(pass)

5、New technology (正应用于)almost every industrial process now.(apply)

6、He (不适应)in the countryside so far.(use)

7、A library with five thousand books (捐献给)to the nation as a gift last year.(offer)

8、You (到达)Shanghai by this time tomorrow.(get)

9、I (一直都在学英语)for ten year s.(study)

10、The film was a big success and since then I (演了)more than 12 films, such as The Matrix and hand ball.(act)

11、Jack (工作)in a network company now, and he likes it very much,(work)

12、I (将送我叔叔走)at the airport tomorrow.(see)

13、He said that he (学了)some English before.(learn)

14、I went to work on foot yesterday, though it (正下大雨)cats and dogs.(rain)

15、We (起床)before dawn.It was still wet.(get)

16、(最令我吃惊的是)is that they were all present.(surprise)

17、I will make friends with anyone who (和我有共同的兴趣).(share)

18、(我们将如何制定这项计划)has been explained clearly by the teacher.(plan)

19、The news (他告诉我的)is that Tom would go abroad next year.(tell)

20、(他从哪里获得信息)made us confused for a long time.(obtain)

21、The king’s decision (囚犯将被释放)surprised all the people.(set)

22、(被告知很多次), but he still couldn’t understand it.(tell)

23、He (已经去了)NewYork.(go)

24、The climate in the northern part (适应)him,so he left there.(agree)

25、We heard the news (我们的队赢了).(win)

26、(在下雨)when they left the station.(rain)

27、It is disturbing for Lincoln Burgh to think of the fact that he (坐了10年牢).(prison)

28、I’m sorry I didn’t hear you because I (听)the music.(listen)

29、It was not safe to stay in the park at night, for quite a lot of women (包被抢了)there.(rob)

30、It’s the first time that (我拜访)the city.(visit)

31、No sooner (我一到达)at the station than the train left.(arrive)

32、It was ten o’clock when he finally (出现了)(show)

33、(你工作越努力),the greater progress you’ll make.(hard)

34、Once I (到达)Paris, I’ll call you up at the airport.(get)

35、I (受指责)for the accident .(blame)

36、He asked me to have a drink with him. I said that it was at least 3 years since I

(享用)a good drink.(enjoy)

37、At that time, people did not know that (地球转动).(move)

初中英语时态总结表格

初中英语时态总结表格 篇一:初中英语时态总结表格 动词的时态和语态 一、动词时态 1. Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets out.(09年上海高考)A. would sell B. had sellC. have sellD. was selling 解析1:答案为B。本题考查时态。根据句意:Mary利用午饭时间去了售票处,但是所有的票都已卖完了。过去完成时表示过去某时 前已发生的情况,所以 B 选项为正确答案。 2.---Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend --- TerryNever! She 年上海高考题)A. has hate B. hated C. will hateD. hates 解析2:答案为D。本题考查时态.。根据句意:你知道Terry本周末是否会去野营Terry她从不去野营!她讨厌帐篷和新鲜空气!此句中动词表示的是经常性的行为,应该选用一般现在时态。 解题技巧: 遵循时态一致。也就是说应由主句谓语的时态决定 从句的谓语时态。 一般原则是: 1、当主句谓语使用现在时或将来时,从句的谓语根据具体情 况使用任何时态。 e.g. He says that he lives in Wuhan. We hope that there will be many people at your party

today. 2、当主句谓语使用过去时的时候,从句的谓语必须使用过去 范围的时态。 e.g. He said he was writing a novel. The teacher wanted to know when we would finish the experiment.He said his father had been an engineer. 3、当从句表示客观事实,科学真理等时,即使主句谓语用了 过去式的各种时态,从句谓语也应用一般现在时。 e.g. The teacher told them the earth moves around the sun. 4、从句谓语只能用虚拟语气的情况 : 利用时态一致原则确定从句动词时态时,还应注意,若主语动词是表示命令、请求、要求、 建议、劝告等的动词,从句谓语只能用虚拟语气,不能遵循时态一致 原则。e.g. We insisted that we do it ourselves. 二、动词的语态 年上海高考) A. had always been warned B. were always being warned C. are always warning D. always warned 解析1:答案为B。本题考查语态.根据题意:在最近这段恐怖活动期间,人们经常被告诫不要去碰任何无人看管的包裹。主语people 与谓语动词warn之间是被动关系,且时间状语表示过去一段时间内,所以答案为B。 2. In recent years many f ootball club as business to make a profit. (08年上海高考) A. have run B. have been run

(完整版)英语动词时态归纳总结对照表

英语动词时态归纳总结对照表

英语时态专项练习 1、一般现在时。 通常用“usually, often, every day, sometimes”。 一般现在时基本用法介绍 一、一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 二、一般现在时的构成: 肯定句: 1).主语+系动词 be(is, am, are )+名词(形容词,介词短语) 2) .其他主语+动词原形+其它 第三人称单数+动词-s+其它 如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 We study English.我们学习英语。Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

三、一般现在时的变化 否定句:1)主语+ be (is,am,are)+ not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。 2)其他主语+do not(don’t)动词原形+其它I don't like bread 第三人称单数+does not(doesn’t)动词原形+其它He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句:1)Be(Is,Are) +主语+其它?如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 2)Do其他主语+动词原形+其它? Does+第三人称单数+动词原形+其它+? 注意:遇I/we—you, my—your, some—any. Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike? How does your father go to work? 2、现在进行时。 通常用“now/look/listen”. 1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2.现在进行时的结构:. 肯定句:主语+be(is,am,are ) +动词现在分词-ing eg: I am(not) doing my homework. You/We/They are(not) reading. He/She/It is(not) eating. 否定句:主语+be(is,am,are )+not + 动词现在分词-ing 一般疑问句:Is(Are)+主语+动词现在分词-ing? 特殊疑问:疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing? 3.动词加ing的变化规则 1)一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking 2)以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting 3)如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing, 如:run-running, stop-stopping,swim—swimming 3、一般过去时态 一般过去时通常用“a moment ago, just now, yesterday, last…”等。 1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。 2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化: ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)

初中英语语法八大时态总结

初中英语语法八大时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句:He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1)表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有:always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如:All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如:The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如:I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他

英语语法初中英语动词时态和语态讲解

英语语法:初中英语动词时态和语态讲解 (一)动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。 英语动词有16种时态,但是常用的只有9种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。下面分别介绍。 1、一般现在时的用法 1)表示经常性、习惯性的动作;表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用often, usually, every day 等时间状语。例如: a. He goes to school every day. b. He is very happy. earth moves around the sun. 2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。例如: a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside. 3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作(句中都带有时间状语),但限于少数动词,如:begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。例如: a. The meeting begins at seven. b. The rain starts at nine in the morning. 4) 表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在进行时。 a. I like English very much. b. The story sound very interesting. 5) 书报的标题、小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。 2.一般现在时的用法 1)表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。 a. He saw Mr. Wang yesterday. b. He worked in a factory in 1986. 2)表示过去经常发生的动作,也可用“used to “ 和“would + 动词原形”。I used to smoke. During the vacation I wouldm in the sea. 注:”used to “ 表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。“would + 动词原形”没有“现在不再……”含义。另外“to be used to +名词(动名词)”表示“习惯于…..” a. I am used to the climate here. b. He is used tomming in winter. 3.一般将来时的用法 一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态。其表达形式除了“ will 或shall + 动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。

(完整word版)高中英语动词时态语态复习讲解

高中英语时态语态讲解 1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性的动作;表示客观规律和永恒真理;按照计划安排好了将要发生的动作(一般指时 刻表)等 He usually goes to w ork at 7 o’clock every morning. The train to Shanghai leaves at 7am. 考点一:表示永恒的真理,即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时。如:I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二:在时间、方式、让步和条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时;常用的引导词有:时间:when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件:if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 只要他努力工作,我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动;或表感情色彩,加强语气。与频率副词,如always,constantly,continually,again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩(赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等)。 We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一:在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二:表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作(这时多有表示将来的时间状语)。 Marry is leaving on Friday. 3、现在完成时 (1)非延续动作:动作发生在过去,对现在有影响。(2)延续性动作:动作和状态的持续。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语: 考点一:for + 时间段;since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. 考点二:常见的不确定的时间状语:lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三:在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中,谓语动词用现在完成时。 in the past;over the past; during the last等 考点四:表示“第几次做某事,”或在“It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词+that” 后面,主句是一般现在时态时,从句用现在完成时。 This is my first time that I have visited China. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. 4.一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作,或过去习惯性动作,不强调对现在的影响,只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用, 注意: 考点一:used to + do,表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。 be/become/get used to + doing,表示习惯于 He used to smoke a lot. He has got used to getting up early. 考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,代替过去将来时。 He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise 5. 过去进行时

中考初中英语语法八大时态总结(附答案)

中考初中英语语法八大时态总结(附答案) 初中英语语法八大时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词) don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句:He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1)表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有: always、often、 usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如:All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如:The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如: I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)didn’t +动词原形+其他

高中英语动词的时态和语态讲解

动词的时态和语态用法详解 在英语中,不同时间里发生的动作或存在的状态需要用动词的不同形式表示出来,动词的这种不同 形式就构成了动词的时态。 英语中的时态按动作发生时间分为现在时态、过去时态、将来时态 二、常见时态的基本用法 1. 一般现在时:一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的动作性质或状态的时态。常和表示频率、时间的副词 (短语) always, every time, now and the n, occasi on ally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 连用。 1) 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 We have three meals a day. 2) 表示客观事实、真理和自然现象。 Kno wledge is power. 3)表示现在的情况或状态。 I live in Beiji ng. 4)表示已经“列入日程”的将来的事件,尤其指计划中的和安排好的将来的动作,这些动词往往表示“出 发,到达”等含义 的词, 女口, arrive, begin, go, leave, start, stay 等。 The train arrives at 10:30. There's ple nty of time. 。 考点一:表示永恒的真理,即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时。 如: I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时;常用的引导词有:时间:when, until, after, before, as soon as, on ce, the mome nt/the minu te, the day; 条件:if, uni ess, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三:在 make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter 替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don ' t mind when he finish 考点四:在 the more …the more …(越 ..................... 越 ... )句型中 在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2. 一般过去时:一般过去时表示过去发生的动作、存在的状态,或反复发生的动作,句中一般都有表示 过去具体时间的时间 状语。 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或状态。 此时与表示过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1998 等。 +宾语从句,从句用一般现在时代 es the experime nt. ,若主句是一般将来时,从句通常用一般现

[高一英语语法时态注意事项]英语语法时态总结

[高一英语语法时态注意事项]英语语法时态总结【导语】高一英语语法时态是高一期末中的重要点,也是高一英语期末考试中的重难点之一,所以我们要做好相应的复习。下面是大网的高一语法时态注意事项,希望对您有所帮助! ◆动词时态应注意的几点 1. 瞬间性动词的一般现在时和现在进行时常用来表示将来的 动作。例句: ①The film begins in a minute. ②My uncle is leaving tomorrow morning. 2. 在时间、条件、让步状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。例句: ①Every time I listen to that song, I’ll think of my old friend. ②If you do that, I shall be very pleased.

③They’ll stand by you even if you don’t sueed. 3. 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别:一般过去时和现在完成时都表示过去所发生的动作,但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系,如对现在产生的影响、结果等,所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用;一般过去时只表示过去的事实,不表示和现在的关系,因而它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。如: —Have you finished your work? —Yes, I have. —When did you finish it? —I finished it last summer. ◆直接引语与间接引语转换时应注意的几个问题: 1. 人称的变化 2. 时态的变化

3. 时间状语的变化 4. 地点状语的变化 例句: ①Xiao Yi said, “I want to go to the park this afternoon.” →Xiao Yi said (that) he wanted to go to the park that afternoon. ②Bob said, “We’ll have a meeting here tomorrow morning.” →Bob said (that) they would have a meeting there the next morning. ◆定语从句中关系代词只能用that和不能用that的几种情况: 只能用that的情况 1. 先行词是不定代词。

(完整word版)英语时态(初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表)

初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表

初中英语时态专项练习 1、一般现在时。通常用“usually, often, every day, sometimes”。一般现在时基本用法介绍一、一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 二、一般现在时的构成: 肯定句: 1).主语+系动词 be(is, am, are )+名词(形容词,介词短语) 2) .其他主语+动词原形+其它第三人称单数+动词-s+其它如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。We study English.我们学习英语。Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 三、一般现在时的变化否定句: 1)主语+ be (is,am,are)+ not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。 2)其他主语+do not(don’t)动词原形+其它 I don't like bread 第三人称单数+does not(doesn’t)动词原形+其它He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句:1)Be(Is,Are) +主语+其它?如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 2)Do其他主语+动词原形+其它? Does+第三人称单数+动词原形+其它+?注意:遇I/we—you, my—your, some—any. Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. Do you often play football ?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike? How does your father go to work? 一般现在时用法专练: 一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?

初中英语时态总结

(1)一般现在时 基本形式(以do为例): 第三人称单数:does(主语为非第三人称单数); 肯定句:主语+动词原形+其他; He works for us. 否定句:主语+don‘t/doesn't+动词原形+其他; He doesn't work for us. 一般疑问句:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他。 肯定回答:Yes,(+主语+do/does). 否定回答:No,(+主语+don't/doesn't.) 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句语 Does he work for us? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't What does he do for us? He works for us. (2)一般过去时 be动词+行为动词的过去式 否定句式:在行为动词前加didn‘t,同时还原行为动词,或was/were+not; was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词例如:Did he work for us? He didn't work for us. He worked for us. (3)一般将来时 am/are/is+going to+do 或 will/shall+do am/is/are/about to + do am/is/are to + do; 一般将来时的表达方法 be going to +动词原形 be +不定式,be to+动词原形,be about to +动词原形 be able to +不定式 be about to+动词原形 will + 动词原形; 例如:He is going to work for us.

初中英语语法与时态语态总结表

初中英语时态语态总结表

Ⅰ. 初中英语八种时态归纳复习

时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,广大初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态总是倍感棘手,下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。 一、一般现在时: 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词 否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。 二、一般过去时: 概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词 否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。 三、现在进行时: 概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc. 基本结构:am/is/are+doing 否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing. 一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。 四、过去进行时: 概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 基本结构:was/were+doing 否定形式:was/were + not + doing. 一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。 五、现在完成时: 概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。 时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

高中英语动词时态语态讲解及练习

1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语;表示客观规律和永恒真理等。He usually goes to w ork at 7 o’clock every morning. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. 考点一:表示永恒的真理,即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时。如:I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时;常用的引导词有:时间:when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件:if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三:在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter +宾语从句,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment. 只要他努力工作,我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 考点四:在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动:或表感情色彩,加强语气。与频率副词,如always,constantly,continually,again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩(赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等)。

初中英语八种时态归纳总结

初中英语八种时态归纳总结 时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态总是倍感棘手,下面我们就归纳一下这几种时态。 一、一般现在时: 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构:①主语+ be动词+ 其他;②主语+ 行为动词+ 其他 否定形式:①主语+ am/is/are + not + 其他;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时还原行为动词。 二、一般过去时: 概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构:①主语+ be动词+ 其他;②主语+ 行为动词+ 其他 否定形式:①主语+ was/were + not + 其他;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。 三、现在进行时: 概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc. 基本结构:主语+ am/is/are + doing + 其他. 否定形式:主语+ am/is/are + not + doing + 其他. 一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。 四、过去进行时: 概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状

初中英语动词的时态与语态总结

新目标初中英语总复习资料精品讲义(二) 动词的时态与语态的综合运用 确定正确的时态 1.根据时间状语确定时态.时间状语与时态有着密切的关系. ①. I ____ ____ (write) now. ②. I ____ __(lose) my pen yesterday. ③. We ______ _____ (study) English for two years. 2.根据上下文来确定时态 有些句子没有明显的时间状语,又不能用时态呼应规则来对照,这时就可以根据上下文内容来判断时间关系,确定正确时态. A: Where are the twins? B: They ______ (go) to visit Uncle Wang. 3.根据主从句的关系来确定时态. 4.根据语言习惯来确定时态 *come,go,leave 等趋向性动词的进行时可用来表示即将发生的动作. *永恒的真理和客观存在的状态用一般现在时. *祈使句中,或在情态动词,助动词后,谓语动词用原形 Don't (read) in the sun, will you? You'd better (stay) at home since it's raining outside. 注意所填动词的语态: Today both basketball and volleyball __ _______(play) in many countries. 确定动词的形式: 1. be busy, what/how about 等后用动词的-ing 形式. 2.在介词后一般应用动词的-ing 形式. 3.在keep, enjoy, finish, mind 等动词后采用动词的--ing 形式. 4.在动词decide, hope, wish, hate 等动词后应用动词不定式作宾语,而在ask, tell, want, teach 之后则用动词不定式的复合结构,即“ask sb. to do sth.”的形式 5.在see, hear, watch, make, let 等后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式应省略动词不定式符号“to”,但在被动句中, 应添上"to". 6.在It’s time(for sb.)to do sth. 和It's kind/nice/good of sb. to do sth. 和It takes sb. some time to do sth. 的句型中, 动词不定式短语作句子真正的主语. 7.疑问代词/副词(why 除外) + to do sth. 结构,可在句中作主语, 表语和宾语. 练习题: 1. The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from ________(blow) the earth away. 2. Mr. Smith kept on (ask) the players to remember-----TEAMWORK 3. Alice didn't hear what the teacher said just now, so she doesn't know how ____ (do) the problem. 4. The policeman asked the old granny to put down her heavy box and let him ______ (carry) it for her. 5.用help, happen, listen, have, ask, be, plant, miss, leave, look 的适当形式填空: (1).Wang Hai is a good comrade. He always does his best ________others. (2).Dig the hole big enough, or the trees can’t ___________well . (3).It's time for class. Let's stop _______to the teacher. (4).Her face turned red when she _______ to sing a song for all of us.

高考英语动词的时态和语态讲解

v1.0 可编辑可修改 时态语态 (一)时态 一般现在时表示:1.现在的经常性、习惯性动作 eg: I read English every morning. 2.客观真理、普遍公立、科学事实eg: The sun rises in the east. 3.现有的兴趣、爱好或能力eg: He likes playing football. 4.现存的性质、特征或状态eg: The situation is encouraging. 5.介绍故事剧情、新闻标题eg: Workers face tough times abroad. 6.按时刻表或按规定计划、安排将要放生的动作(常见动词如:come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, takeoff, return, stop, open, close等)eg: The train leaves at 4:30 . 注意:here, there, now, then 等开头的倒装句要用一般现在时代替现在进行时。如: Look! Here comes the bus. 一般过去时表示:1.过去经常性、习惯性的动作或状态eg: He often cried when he was a boy. 2.过去某时的状态或动作 eg: I went to the bank just now. 3.用于 I didn’t know…或 I forgot…,表示实现不知道或不记得,但现在已经知道或记得的事情。eg: I didn’t know you were here. Sorry, I forgot to bring my book. 注意:表示过去经常发生的动作,也可以用“used to do…”和“ would do” 一般将来时表示:1.现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态eg: Tom will come next week. 2.事物的固有属性或必然趋势eg: Oil will float in water. Fish will die without water. 3.对将来某个动作的安排、计划eg: He is going to speak on TV this evening. 注意:将来时常见表达形式:will/ shall do; be going to do; be to do; be about to do (此形式不能与时间状语连用) 现在进行时表示:1.此时此刻正在发生的动作eg: I’m studying English now. 2.现阶段正在发生的动作eg: We are building our socialism. 3.情况的暂时性eg: I don’t really work here. I am just helping until the secretary arrives. 4.与 always, forever, constantly, continually 连用,表示参上或厌恶等感情色彩,但并非强调动作正在进行eg: He is always helping others. She is always forgetting something. 5.按计划、安排近期发生的动作(只限于come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay等动词)eg: A foreigner is coming to visit our school. I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 注意:不宜用进行时的动作:感觉类: look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear 情感类:like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear 心态类:wish, hope, expect, want, need, believe, thin, understand, agree, know, remember, forget 所有类:have, contain, won, hold, belong to 过去进行时表示:1.过去某一时刻或阶段发生的动作eg: He was watching TV this time yesterday. 2.与 always, forever, constantly, continually 连用,表示赞赏或亚无等感情色彩eg: Comrade Lei Feng was always thinking of others never thinking of himself. 3.过去计划、安排好的将来动作(只限于 come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay 等动词)eg: He said he was leaving the next day. I was told the train was starting soon. 注意:过去进行时可用来描绘故事发生的背景,如:The wind was blowing and it was raining hard. 过去将来时表示:1.过去某一时刻后将要发生的过去动作或过去的意图、打算(主要用于宾语从句中)eg: She was sure she would succeed. I thought you would come. 注意:把一般将来时中的助动词变成过去式,便成了过去将来时的表达形式 现在完成时表示:1.现在已完成或刚刚完成且对现在有影响的动作eg: I have finished my homework. 2.表示始于过去持续至今的动作或状态eg: He’s lived here since 2005. I’ve taught

相关文档
相关文档 最新文档