2020研究生英语学位课统考模拟试题1

研究生英语学位课统考模拟试题（1）

GENRAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST

FOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS

考试注意事项

一、本考试由两份试卷组成：试卷一（Paper one）包括听力理解、词汇、完型填空与阅读

理解四部分，共80题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二（Paper two）包括翻译和写作两部分，共3题。此外，试卷分A、B卷，请考生注意在答题卡上标出自己的试卷类型。

二、试卷一（题号1-80）为客观评分题（听力Section C 部分除外），答案一律用2B铅笔

做在机读答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间画黑道，如 [A][B][C][D]。

三、试卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWER SHEET II上。答题前，请仔细阅读试卷二

的注意事项。

四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号（听力Section C部分除外），答案一律写在答题

纸上，否则无效。

五、本考试全部时间为150分钟，采用试卷一和试卷二分卷计时的办法。

试卷一考试时间为90分钟，听力理解部分以放完录音带为准，大约25分钟；其余部分共计时65分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

试卷二共计时60分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

六、试卷一与试卷二采取分别收卷的办法。每次终了时间一到，考生一律停笔，等候监考

老师收点试卷及答题纸。全部考试结束后，须待监考老师将全部试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本次考试结束，方可离开考场。

PAPER ONE

Part I Listening Comprehension (25miniutes, 20 points)

Section A (1 point each)

Directions:In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The

conversations and questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from

the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across

the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.

1. A. To brush up her English at home.

B. To be praised by her peers.

C. To become her teacher’s favorite student.

D. To care more for other subjects.

2. A. Have a picnic. B. Play with her pets.

C. See a movie.

D. Stay at home.

3. A. It’s a piece of cake. B. She has no idea.

C. She already knows the answer.

D. It’s beyond her expectation.

4. A. Write a short mail to him. B. Chat with him on line.

C. Telephone him.

D. Text him soon.

5. A. The poster looks better without the frame. B. The poster is not worth the money.

C. The poster costs very little.

D. The poster is very eye-catching.

6. A. 14. B. 10.

C. 65.

D. 24.

7. A. She is too busy. B. She can pass the exam next time.

C. She doesn’t work very hard.

D. She should be better prepared.

8. A. exercise more frequently. B. Take less medicine each day.

C. Try a new type of pain-killer.

D. Have her back examined.

9. A. George was not playing well. B. George always loses temper easily.

C. George should have won the match.

D. George is no match for his opponent.

Section B (I point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After

each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best

answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a

single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet. Mini-talk one

10 A. 18-21. B. 22-25. C. 30-50. D. 70-80.

11. A. Because older people become more thankful for what they have.

B. Because older people spend less time in deep thinking.

C. Because older people forget things more frequently.

D. Because older people tend to be more reliable.

12. A. Middle aged women had increased sleep problems.

B. Stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties.

C. Being single affected the levels of happiness.

D. Sleep quality declined as people got older.

Mini-talk two

13. A. High temperatures. B. Too much weight on the roof.

C. The lack of rich soil.

D. Sufficient watering system.

14. A. They are normally painted green. B. They shorten the life of houses.

C. They reduce energy consumption.

D. They are used as water tanks.

15. A. They need little water. B. They normally grow faster.

C. They are less costly to grow.

D. They could absorb more water.

Section C (1point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording twice. After the recording

you are asked to write down your answers on the answer sheet. You now have 25

seconds to read the notes below.

（请在录音结束后把第16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上）

16. Compliments are so good that they can heal your _____________ (2 words).

17. Unless you seem sincere when you give compliments during a conversation, you’re not going

to get _____________ (3 words) from that person.

18. After giving specific compliments, you should follow that _____________ (3 words).

19. Adding compliments in front of people makes people respected and feel _____________ (4

words).

20. Last, avoid _____________ (2 words) with envy.

Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)

Section A (0.5 point each)

Directions: In this section, there are ten questions. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked by A, B, C,

and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.

Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your

machine-scoring Answer Sheet

21. Values play as much a role in tackling the national challenges as smart policies.

A. addressing

B. minimizing

C. reinforcing

D. stabilizing

22. Despite her attempt to look happy, her behavior at the party struck me as odd.

A. attacked

B. imposed

C. deemed

D. impressed

23. The intimate relationship between human beings and speech is not restricted to sound.

A. ascribed

B. confined

C. subjected

D. related

24. This young man took a law degree with distinction and found a job in a well.

A. difference

B. perfection

C. separation

D. honor

25. Differences in culture and values will give rise to conflict of ideas and tastes.

A. outbreak

B. assimilation

C. clash

D. harmony

26. Unpleasant symptoms can cause the smoker to resume smoking to raise the levels of

nicotine in the blood.

A. let down

B. go about

C. drop off

D. return to

27. With the progress in medicine, it is no longer difficult to attain old age.

A. evade

B. reach

C. postpone

D. retard

28. Before national day, these musicians some songs in honor of this special occasion.

A. in celebration of

B. in respect of

C. in case of

D. in excess of

29. Japan, after spectacular post-war economic growth, became the world’s second-biggest

economy.

A. superficial

B. amazing

C. virtual

D. genuine

30. This book gives a very particular account of the important battles during WWII.

A. special

B. strange

C. detailed

D. exceptional

Section B (0.5 point each)

Directions: In this section, there are ten questions. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked by A, B, C, and D.

Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the

corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-

scoring Answer Sheet

31. Dozens of people were trapped for hours in the ________ of the train, but all have been

taken to safety.

A. wreckage

B. bandage

C. cottage

D. hostage

32. The doctor advised me to increase my intake of healthy foods that can ________ heart

disease.

A. give off

B. pay off

C. set off

D. ward off

33. The participants of the meeting discussed, ________, the future of the oil industry.

A. from now on

B. in the way

C. among other things

D. on their mind

34. Obama’s remarks were his most ________ description of how his personal religious beliefs

factor into his decision-making.

A. external

B. extinct

C. explicit

D. executive

35. Many United States teenagers ________ the road without receiving driver s’ education.

A. beat

B. hit

C. strike

D. knock

36. The ocean _______ 70 percent of the earth’s surface, but contains about 20 percent of the

Earth’s total estimated species.

A. takes up

B. fixes up

C. stirs up

D. patches up

37. With the _______ of a mouse, you can instantly get to see all the information you want

online.

A. crack

B. click

C. chip

D. clap

38. Businesses of all sizes possess some type of _______ culture consisting of a set of values

and goals.

A. desperate

B. corporate

C. deliberate

D. moderate

39. When asked to disclose financial ties to drug companies, many doctors will ________ such

information.

A. withdraw

B. withstand

C. wither

D. withhold

40. There is no exception ________ the rule that every rule has an exception.

A. for

B. on

C. to

D. in

Part III Close Test (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)

Directions: In this section, there are ten questions. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked by A, B,C, or D for each blank in

the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you’ve chosen

with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet

An ecosystem is defined as an ecological community together with its environment, functioning as a unit. To be more ___41__, an ecosystem is a complex set of relationships among the living resources, ___42___, and residents of an area, composed of organisms that work together to remain healthy ___43___ energy is exchanged and system-level processes emerge. The ecosystem serves as the level of biological organization in which organisms __44__ simultaneously with each other and with their environment. As such, ecosystems are a level above that of the ecological community but are at a level below the __45__, which is essentially the largest of all possible ecosystems.

The thing about ecosystems is that they are __46__ fragile and intensely complicated. If you influence the smallest variable, then it changes the __47__. This is why global warming is such a big issue, __48__ whether we created it or not. Ecosystems will change; however, if they change radically enough, our way of life will forever be affected. It is sad to think that future generations will not have the __49__ of witnessing these little creatures as we have in our lifetime. You have to go to preservations to witness the wildlife that __50__ be an everyday occurrence.

41. A. realistic B. frank C. honest D. specific

42. A. habits B. habitats C. inhabitants D. inhibitors

43. A. in case B. if only C. but for D. so that

44. A. interact B. concern C. interfere D. coincide

45. A. biofuel B. biodiversity C. biosphere D. biochemistry

46. A. concisely B. inherently C. robustly D. industriously

47. A. whole B. entire C. all D. total

48. A. along with B. due to C. regardless of D. as to

49. A. trouble B. privilege C. time D. willingness

50. A. was about B. had better C. used to D. would rather

PART IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)

Directions: In this section, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked by

A, B, C, or D and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square

brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet

Passage One

Researchers may have found a solution to the annoying gender-wage gap: tell all the male CEOs to have more babies. And only child daughters, to be precise.

A new, not-yet-published study that tracked 12 years of wage data in Denmark finds that when male CEOs had daughters, their female employees’ wages went up 1.3 percent while their male employees only gained 0.8 percent raises. The study’s authors – from Aalborg University in Denmark, the University of Maryland, and Columbia – found that women’s wages were boosted even more if the daughter was the first child of the CEO. The researchers found that the birth of a first daughter to a male CEO “resulted in a 1.4 percent increase in women’s wages, and an approximately 0.8 percent decrease in the gender wage gap. If the first daughter was also a first child, the gender wage gap would decrease by roughly 2.8 percent.” If a second daughter was born to a male CEO, women’s wages were not significantly affected. “Thus, our results suggest that the first daughter ‘flips a switch’ in the mind of a male CEO, causing him to attend more to equality in gender-related wage policies,” they write.

David Gaddis Ross, co-author of the study and an assistant professor at Columbia’s Business School, said he would love to do a similar study in the United States, but there is no way the data would be available. “Getting this information in the United States would be wildly difficult, especially on the family structure of the CEOs,”he said. The Denmark data did not reveal names of individuals or companies, but each employee of every company in the country is attached to a code that researchers could use to find gender, number of children, salary, and other information such as home address and phone number.

The study is not the first to examine how having a daughter affects men’s decision-making. Ebonya Washington wrote in a study published in the American Economic Review in 2008 that U.S. legislators were more likely to vote more liberally on women’s reproductive issues if they had daughters. Another study found that parents with daughters were more likely to adopt feminist views on gender equality.

51. According to the study, if the first child of the CEO was a daughter, the decrease of the

gender wage gap was ________.

A. 0.8%

B. 1.3%

C. 1.4%

D. 2.8%

52. The Denmark study finds that male CEOs with daughters may ________.

A. better respect female privacy

B. better promote gender equality

C. give more chances for women

D. hire more female employees

53. According to David Ross, a similar study in the U.S. ________.

A. will soon be underway

B. may produce similar results

C. is unnecessary and costly

D. is unlikely to be carried out.

54. Which of the following information about the CEOs is most difficult to get in the U.S.?

A. Real income.

B. Phone number.

C. Family structure.

D. Home address.

55. The findings of the three studies mentioned in the passage ________.

A. have little in common

B. seem to be confusing

C. agree well with each other

D. are somewhat contradictory

56. In which section of a newspaper is the passage likely to appear?

A. People.

B. Society.

C. Technology.

D. News.

Passage two

Virtually nobody has memories from very early childhood – but it’s not because we don’t remain information as young children. Rather, it may be because at that age, our brains don’t yet function in a way that bundles information into the complex neural patterns that we know as memories.

It’s clear that young children do remember facts in the moment – such as who their parents are, or that one must say “please”before mom will give you candy. This is called “semantic memory.”

Until sometime between the ages two and four, however, children lack “episodic memory”–memory regarding the details of a specific event. Such memories are stored in several parts of the brains surface, or “cortex.” For example, memory of sound is processed in the auditory cortexes, on the sides of the brain, while visual memory is managed by the visual cortex, at the back. A region of the brain called the hippocampus (海马体) ties all the scattered pieces together.

“If you think of your cortex as a flower bed, there are flowers all across the top of your

head,” said Patricia Bauer of Emory University in Atlanta. “The hippocampus, tucked very neatly in the middle of your brain, is responsible for pulling those all together and tying them in a bouquet (花束).” The memory is the bouquet – the neural pattern of linkages between the parts of the brain where a memory is stored.

So why do kids usually fail to record specific episodes until the two-to-four age range? It may be because that’s when the hippocampus starts tying fragments of information together, said psychologist Nora Newcombe of Temple University in Philadelphia. And there may be a reason for this, Newcombe said. Episodic memory may be unnecessarily complex at a time when a child is just learning how the world works. “I think the primary goal of the first two years is to acquire semantic knowledge and from that point of view, episodic memory might actually be a distraction,”Newcombe said.

57. It can be learned that children under the age of two ________.

A. have memory of detailed events

B. have the ability to remember facts

C. retain little information in their brains

D. process information the same way adults do

58. Which of the following is an example of “episodic memory”?

A. Brides remember what happened on their weddings.

B. Little kids remember their parents’ names.

C. We remember to wash hands before meals.

D. We remember to say “Thank you” for others’ help.

59. Memory of image is processed ________.

A. in the middle of the brain

B. on the left side of the brain

C. on the right side of the brain

D. at the back of the brain

60. Assume that our cortex is a flower bed, then hippocampus is ________.

A. the flowers grown in the flower bed

B. the stimulator that helps the flowers grow

C. the string that ties the flowers into a bouquet

D. the bouquet made of the flowers in the bed

61. According to Newcombe, if episodic memory were developed before age

two, it would ________.

A. negatively affect children’s learning process

B. help children better understand our world

C. push children to learn more quickly

D. bring children’s development to a halt

62. What is the major topic of the passage?

A. How kids develop their memory.

B. Why can’t we remember our very early days?

C. How is memory processed by the brain?

D. Why kids’ memory differs from that of adults.

Passage Three

Is new technology damaging our ability to communicate? Fingers flying, we can blog, email, or enter chat room. But as we type billions of words, something is being lost. Face-book is not the same as face to face and, as our virtual skills increase, I wonder if our ability to communicate using speech is on the decline.

Young people send me dozens of e-mails from schools. They often attach long lists of questions, to which they want detailed responses. Time is short, so I usually reply that they can phone me and I’ll do my best to answer. They very rarely do, partly because they verbal and telephone skills are less developed than their ability to type and e-mail.

Yet to adapt an old business saying, a meeting is worth five phone calls and a phone call is worth five e-mails. Direct communication can quickly lead to bonding and trust. People are more likely to reveal what they are thinking when they actually speak to another person. Most are wary of committing themselves in writing.

The great tragedy is that the phone was invented before the computer. If it has been the other way around, Internet forums would now be buzzing with the exciting news: “Have you heard (type, type)? There is this amazing new gadget (type). Now you can talk directly with people. And they can hear your voice. Without all this typing.” Persistent marketing would do the rest and colleges would be rushing to develop new courses in telephone skills.

But we are stuck with the supremacy of the typed word and it weakens our ability to look people in the eye and talk. A good example is how much new technology has affected public speaking.

Does anyone else hate PowerPoint? At meetings, I internally groan as speakers load up their ponderous projections. I don’t mind maps and pictures, but all those words of text drive me crazy. “And now for my introduction…” and up comes the word “introduction.”“There are four points” and we see “four points.”

Masses of facts and statistics follow. These should all have been given out as an information sheet. Instead, while you are trying to read through the material, the lecturer is wandering verbally all over it. There’s a confusion of focus that gives me a headache. As the slides flash by, the most important relationship in public speaking is being undermined – the link between the speaker and the audience.

63. According to the author, young people today don’t ________.

A. like to communicate using speech

B. like to communicate with people

C. know how to communicate with people

D. know how to ask questions over the phone

64. Based on paragraph 3, compared with meetings, e-mails are ________.

A. faster

B. friendlier

C. less effective

D. less interesting

65. In paragraph 3, “wary of” can be replaced by ________.

A. faced with

B. happy about

C. used to

D. cautious of

66. The author believes that if the phone had been invented after the computer, people now

would ________.

A. be eager to learn how to use the phone

B. be glad to have both means of communication

C. still prefer typing words on the computer

D. show little interesting in the phone

67. Which of the following can best describe the author’s attitude towards today’s use of typed

words?

A. Encouraging

B. Curious

C. Concerned

D. Indifferent

68. In the author’s opinion, PowerPoint ________.

A. helps to convey the message of the speaker to the audience

B. harm the interaction between the speaker and the audience

C. should include as much information as necessary

D. should combine texts and pictures to make it eye-catching

Passage Four

It’s all Apple all the time these days: “astonishing” earnings reports in the news on Jan.25, lingering shots of Steve Jobs’ widow Laurene sitting near the First Lady and, of course, ever since his death in October, universal references to Jobs himself in any writing or speech aimed at promoting creativity or ingenuity or an all-American, against-all-odds model of success.

However, New Y ork Times articles this week spoke of a darker reality behind the glowing Apple story: the “millions of human machines,” as the Times Charles Duhigg and David Barboza put it, in China who are now laboring 12 hours a day, six days a week to maintain the company’s amazing rate of growth.

They live in dormitories where they can be called to their jobs anytime and often work double shifts in highly unsafe conditions. They’re willing to do all it takes. “It isn’t just that workers are cheaper abroad,” Duhigg wrote, “Rather, Apple’s executives believe the vast scale of overseas factories as well as the flexibility, diligence and expertise of foreign workers have so outpaced their American counterparts that ‘Made in the U.S.A.’ is no longer a viable option for most Apple products.”

The Times stories raised very serious questions about not only Apple or the many other companies that similarly rely on overseas labor to support their growth and flood the world with cheap products, but the human cost of the growth model itself that has allowed Apple to thrive. It’s a model of growth, all too unquestioned in the U.S., that demands endless quality-of-life sacrifices in the service of productivity and profit. By quality of life, I mean good relationships with friends and family and having the time and the physical and emotional availability to invest in friends and family.

Yet the American workers have been headed in the opposite direction for decades. Working

hours have expanded to the point where successful professionals consider the traditional 40-hour workweek a “part-time”job. Vacation time has been shrinking. In the current downturn, the employed are too scared of losing work to take time off. The pressure to be super-productive, ever willing, and always available has never been greater. But we should call into question the direction we’re headed and ask whether chasing the dream of growth has already turned into a nightmare. It’s up to the rest of us now to decide what to make of Steve Jobs’ legacy.

69. It can be concluded from the first paragraph that Steve Jobs ________.

A. is a controversial figure in the media

B. enjoys high publicity in the U.S.

C. used to deliver many speeches

D. was a Nobel Prize winner

70. The expression “against all odds” in the first paragraph probably means ________.

A. foreign born

B. least talented

C. permanently obscure

D. seemingly unlikely

71. Apple’s executives choose to have most apple products made overseas because ________.

A. goods made in the U.S.A. are inferior

B. Apple products sell better abroad

C. this is much more profitable

D. China-made products are better designed

72. In the author’s opinion, the constant pursuit of the dream of growth has resulted in _______.

A. better living standards in the U.S.

B. a perfect model of growth

C. worse relationships with friends and family

D. the popularity of iProducts

73. Which of the following statements about the workers is true?

A. They are spending more time with the family.

B. They are enjoying a better quality of life.

C. They can find jobs more easily.

D. They have to work hard and overtime.

74. The author’s attitude to Apple’s story of success is ________.

A. approval

B. objection

C. admiration

D. indifference

Passage Five

A new website from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) shows that 10 percent of the country is now a “food desert.”The Food Desert Locator is an online map highlighting thousands of areas where, the USDA says, low-income families have little or no access to healthy fresh food. First identified in Scotland in the 1990s, food deserts have come to symbolize urban decay. They suggest images of endless fast-food restaurants and convenience stores serving fatty, sugary junk food to overweight customers who have never tasted a Brussels sprout.

Accordingly, Michelle Obama announced a $400 million Healthy Food Financing Initiative last year with the aim of eliminating food deserts nationwide by 2017. Official figures for the number of people living in food deserts already show a decline, from 23.5m in 2009 to 13.5m at the launch of the website. Although this might on the face of it suggest that the initiative is off to a superb start, sadly it does not in fact represent a single additional banana bought or soda escaped. This is because in America, the definition of a food desert is any census area where at least 20

percent of inhabitants are below the poverty line and 33 percent live more than a mile from a supermarket. By simply extending the cutoff in rural areas to ten miles, the USDA managed to rescue 10m people from desert life.

Some academics would go further, calling the appearance of many food deserts nothing but a mirage. Research by the Center for Public Health Nutrition at the University of Washington found that only 15 percent of people shopped for food within their own census area. Critics also note that focusing on supermarkets means that the USDA ignores tens of thousands of larger and smaller retailers, farmers’ markets and roadside greengrocers, many of which are excellent sources of fresh food. Together, they account for more than half of the country’s trillion-dollar retail food market.

A visit to Renton, a depressed suburb of Seattle, demonstrates the problem. The town sits directly in the middle of a USDA food desert stretching miles in every direction. Yet it is home to a roadside stand serving organic fruit and vegetables, a health-food shop packed with nutritious grains and a superstore that researchers found attracts flocks of shoppers from well outside the desert.

75. According to the USDA, food deserts ________.

A. tend to be found in poor rural areas

B. refer to the places with a food shortage

C. are directly related to urban poverty

D. are the direct cause of overweight

76. The Healthy Food Financing Initiative is intended to ________.

A. improve access to healthier food

B. change the American way of living

C. address the growing weight problem

D. ensure food safety across the nation

77. The author suggests that the drop from 23.5 million to 13.5 million ________.

A. represents substantial progress

B. is at least a good beginning

C. isn’t based on true information

D. doesn’t make much difference

78. The word “mirage” (para.3) probably means ________.

A. unreal problem

B. potential risk

C. growing difficulty

D. hidden danger

79. The scholars in paragraph 3 think that the USDA definition of a food desert is ________.

A. justifiable

B. problematic

C. unclear

D. creative

80. Renton is mentioned in the passage to ________.

A. raise public awareness about food deserts

B. highlight the problems of food deserts

C. point out the solutions to food deserts

D. tell us to put food deserts in perspective

PAPER TWO

译写答题注意事项

一、本试卷(Paper Two) 答案一律写在答题纸II (Answer Sheet II)上，草稿纸上的答题

内容一律不予计分。

二、中、英文尽可能做到字迹清晰、书写工整、疏密相间均匀、字体大小适当。

三、英文作文必须逐行书写，不得隔行或跳行。

Part V Translation (30 minutes, 20 points)

Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II.

Fundamental science has provided us with an increasingly detailed and accurate understanding of the nature. Advances in science are based on the preconditions that everything, including existing knowledge, is open to critical and unprejudiced injury. There are no mysteries that will resist scientific investigation. Science is often built on the destruction of existing patterns and is a continuously evolving process. Our minds, reason and our powers of observation are the tools for advancing knowledge. Science is the property of mankind and not of any one nation or people and is our most precious human asset. All hypotheses and predictions are subject to the scientific experiments. Knowledge is power and science is a power that knows no national boundaries.

Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English version in the proper space on answer sheet II.

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