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医院人力资源激励理论的应用英文版

医院人力资源激励理论的应用英文版
医院人力资源激励理论的应用英文版

FLINDERS-NANKAI MHA PROGRAM

Student Name:GU Ming-Jun

Student ID:2100672

Student Group: Group 4

Topic: HSMT9017

Assignment: The application of motivation theory in hospital human

resources management

Due Date: December 30, 2012

Date Submitted: December 30, 2012

Word Count: 3587

Is this paper is entirely your own work, unless otherwise acknowledged? Please answer with yes or no: YES!

The application of motivation theory in hospital human resources management

Gu Ming-Jun

Abstract

The competition among hospitals is contributes to hospital human resource advantages and disadvantages. Regarding the hospital, it is important that there is excellent medical personnel talent team for hospital survival and development. The continuous development of hospitals can meet the people's growing medical preventive health services demands. Public hospitals are under the influence of traditional planned economic system, the hospital is lack of effective incentive mechanism for staff. Employee’ loss is serious, the working enthusiasm and efficiency are very low. This situation has seriously affected the development of hospital and residents’ demand on the quality of medical service. We have observed a general hospital in a natural context for more than 20 years and we further enumerated and analyzed some problems of hospital human resource management such as the practice environment deterioration, the too large labor intensity, low salaries, a serious brain drain phenomenon; lack of professional management personnel; personnel management system restricted many; lack of scientific performance evaluation system, damage the enthusiasm of the staff; the failure of incentive policy; the lack of hospital culture. Most hospitals have not a accepted good cultural atmosphere and the concept of value. These problems affected the entire healthcare team quality improvement and the development of public hospital. These are objective restricts for China's medical reform and development. Our health service is also unable to meet the people’s dema nds on the quality of medical service. Together with the social environment changes, the doctor-patient relationship to freezing point, the hospital becomes social contradictory outbreak export, and now medical industry is really the one of the high-risk industries. How does public hospital attract, retain, incent and develop human resources? Perfect incentive mechanism is an important factor. The hospital must pay attention to employee motivation. The critical behaviors of incentive include vision, job analysis, appraisal, remuneration, occupation career development. The various ways of motivation include the material incentive, spirit incentive, target incentive, environment incentive and system incentive and others. The establishment of incentive mechanism of hospital human resources is people-oriented, adherence to the combination of material incentive and spirit incentive and fair. To put together extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation will make work to yield twice the result with half the effort. Implement the incentive principle of combination of both rewards and punishment. Accurately grasping the incentive opportunity, following the incentive principle of hierarchy, achieving combination of organizational goals and individual objectives are also carried out. Incentive should attach importance to effective communication. Incentive behaviors really play roles through communication. Communication can also produce cohesion. Improvement and comprehensive use of various kinds of incentive mechanisms of the public hospital should be according to the actual situation. It is necessary that the public hospitals establish the incentive system characterized by conforming to the characteristics of hospital situation, the characteristics of the times and the needs of the staff to stimulate staff potential and passion for work, to enhance the core competitiveness of the hospital.

Introduction and backgrounds

The competition among modern hospitals contributes to human resources in hospitals. Regarding the hospital, it is important that there is a excellent medical personnel talent team for hospital survival and development. The continuous development of hospitals can meet the people's growing demands of medical preventive health services. How does public hospital attract, retain, incent and develop human resources? Perfect incentive mechanism is the one of important factors and links. Public hospitals are under the influence of traditional planned economic system, the hospital is lack of effective incentive mech anism for staff. Employee’ loss is serious, the working enthusiasm and efficiency are very low. This situation has seriously affected the development of hospital and residents’ demand on the quality of medical service. This study is based on a long term observation of a general hospital that the author is familiar with, trying to find out problems and put forward the improvement measures in the human resources management.

Basic concept

Human resources refer to ll working population of a certain region as production factor involved in the social economic activity. Human resources management refers to a series behavior of organizational decision making about the organization's human resources situation and forecasting, planning, investment, training, configuration, use, research and development of the country and various organizations.

Incentive and incentive mechanism: motivation is a kind of psychological process to stimulate people's behavioral motivation. Generally speaking, motivation enhances individual behavior that is agreed with organizational goal and guide individual behavior to maximize the development and use of human resources to achieve organizational goals. In other words, incentive is to make one person better to do something, and that something must be with a business or organizational goals associated. Incentive mechanism, motivation system is accomplished by a set of rational system to inspire the main body and object interaction mode. The connotation of incentive mechanism is to form the system of several aspects. Manager according to the laws and regulations, value orientation and cultural environment, inspire and encourage those that are being managed to make their behaviors to continuously develop from the aspects of material and spirit. At all times and in all countries the leaders, managers have different level of use of various incentives, to boost morale, polymerization, solidarity to complete tasks and achieve organizational goals. Human behavior depends to a great extent by the incentive degree or level. Excitation level higher, more aggressive behavior, behavior effect is more significant. Excitation process, are the leaders or managers to guide and promote the work of groups or individuals to the target behaviors. The incentive mechanism is a way of interaction between the main ody and object body through motivation factors. Its function is to guide and standardize people's behavior and values to conform to the regulations and the behavior means and value concept advocated. Excitation system's goal is to mobilize the enthusiasm of the talents. The starting point is to meet the individual needs of talents. e core is the distribution system and the code of conduct. To make incentive system run effectively, need to communicate information, to understand the real needs of talents, and make the induction factors (i.e., environment and system design, policy control) linked to achieve personal goals, and objectives of the organization. Incentive mechanism requires managers to hold to the concept of people-oriented, through rational system to motivate employee, arouse the enthusiasm of the staff, in order to achieve the orderly

management and effective management.

Major problems about the hospital human resource management

Public hospital’ personnel structure characteristics: hospital staff’s characteristic is a knowledge-intensive and labor-intensive combination. Medical talents are characterized as follows: long growing period, higher level of education, large professional personnel proportion, complex professional specialization, low comparability, complex management. Medical work is related directly to the patients' health and safety. Medical staff must visit the first-line for direct provision of medical services for patients. Due to the special structure of the hospital staff, the hospital competitive advantage basically is the talent's advantage. Therefore, how to mobilize the entire hospital staff ' enthusiasm and to give full play to their potential is an important and arduous task.

I have observed a general hospital in a natural context for more than 20 years. In November of 2012 we interviewed 3 physicians and 3 surgeons of recent resignation and 3 physicians and 3 surgeons still working in the hospital doctor from the hospital construction and development, system and management, salary, work environment, organizational sense of participation, the opportunity for personal development, welfare and hospital culture. According to my observation and their views put forward. Major problems of hospital human resource management will be enumerated and analyzed as follows:

Practice environment deterioration, the too large labor intensity, low salaries, a serious brain drain phenomenon, the tension of doctor-patient relationship. Hospitals and medical personnel become an outlet of explosion of social conflicts. Medical personnel life safety is threatened, social status drops. Only a short while ago, doctors and nurses become the high risk occupation. Medical personnel, especially young medical staff in the hospital, are lack of identity, sense of belonging, responsibility. Their working enthusiasm is not high. The medical staff had to change jobs.

The hospital is lack of professional management personnel. The hospital managers are mostly from hospital surgery and internal departments with strong medicine technology, but in the management of human resources, they mostly rely on experience or technology instead of the management, can only cope with general outine work. Management with too many strict rules and simple administrative commands is lack scientific theory, ignored the person's subjective initiative, sense of belonging, a sense of achievement and self-actualization needs. Personnel's work is often restricted to a job transfer, attendance, salary increases for examination and approval, rather than staff intellectual resources development, and not for the hospital to provide high-quality human resources services and products.

Due to the adjustment of the establishment system of public hospitals, the number of formal medical staff to gradually reduce, the increase in the proportion of the employed personnel, hiring personnel has become the main force in the hospital. The formal employees and hiring staff, however, is not of equal pay for equal work. The hospital lacks of scientific performance evaluation system and system standards and norms. It is difficult to reflect the contribution to the results of the different staff positions. Salary distribution is difficult to play a stimulating role, to be detrimental to the enthusiasm of the staff.

Incentives for the hospital did not play a role. Existing incentive policies set only for a small

number of talented people engaged in research work. The incentives become these minorities’ Patent. For the majority of clinical staff, lack the necessary incentives.

The incentive process lacks of communication in the hospital. Administrative departments usually orders in the process of using the incentive mechanism. The effective communication between managers and employees lacks. Managers are difficult to know the real demand from employees. And there are not effective communication channels between the employees and supervisors. Reliance on the management system totally restrains employees. In the incentive method, without considering the staff basic needs and the needs of higher level such as self-realization, the identity of others and so on.

The lack of hospital culture: There is not a good cultural atmosphere and the concept of value in the hospital.

These problems affected the improvement of quality of entire healthcare team and the development of public hospital. These problems also objectively restrict the reform and development of medical institutions. The hospital can not meet people’ demand s of the quality of medical services.

How to improve hospital human resource incentive measures

Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory: People have physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem and self-actualization in the five level needs according to this theory. Management should be based on different needs, different incentive ways, make reasonable requirements be met. An important task of human resources management is to establish an effective incentive mechanism. The mechanism can inspire and mobilize the enthusiasm of the staff work. The critical behaviors of incentives include vision, job analysis, appraisal, salaries and occupation career development.

Material incentive: salary distribution properly can save the hospital manpower capital and it can also mobilize the enthusiasm of the staff and make the hospital to maintain good benefits. Therefore, in the modern hospital management, the establishment of a fair, just, reasonable salary system is very important. The target is with internal equity, external competitive. It is the foundation to take other means.

Spiritual motivation: Spiritual motivation includes respect, understanding, support, trust, tolerance, caring and considerate to employees. The correct use of spiritual incentive mechanism can effectively cultivate loyalty and trust of staff. From the point of view of employee and for their sake, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the staff. We should support personnel at work, care personnel in the life, respect for the talents in personality, meet the needs of talents psychologically. Using emotional bond to each kind of talented person's hearts together allows them to fully feel warm. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, it is the requirement of higher administrative levels.

Target incentive: a person is only to keep on the pursuit of higher goals, can stimulate the upward inner power. Target incentive is to identify appropriate targets, evoked motivation and behavior of people, to mobilize the enthusiasm of the people for the purpose of.

System incentive means to reform and improve the personnel system, distribution system to attract, comfort and stability talents. At the same time the hospital formulates incentive systems according to the different types and characteristics of staff, to consider individual differences.

Environmental incentive means to improve the political environment, working environment,

living environment and human environment, to attract and stabilize talents. In the condition of comfortable environment, warm atmosphere, stable life, cheerful, people's potential can be exerted fully.

According to the special structure of the medical personnel, the establishment of hospital human resources incentive mechanism should be people-oriented. The development and management of human resources incentive mechanism must reflect the principle of

people-oriented, people- respected, people-understood, people-cared about, mobilizing the enthusiasm of the people in the first place. To recognize and meet the needs of the people, respect and accommodate human personality, value and realize human value, develop and utilize human potential, unify and guide people's thoughts, control and regulate people's behavior, encourage and reward the creating, build and improve the human environment and others, the above are important. Adhere to the combination of material incentive and spirit incentive principle, the former address the people's material needs, provide material resources, such as salary, bonus and so on; and spiritual incentive in the higher levels to mobilize the staff 's work enthusiasm, the motivation is big, maintain a long time. The fair justice is very important. In the selection, appointment of staff and implementation of incentive in the process, the hospital should objectively evaluate the performance of medical staff, reduce the unfair distribution, avoid negative opposition divided in public opinion, and other adverse consequences. Extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation is put together will make work to receive the twice the result with half the effort. Extrinsic motivation includes salary, bonus and welfare and so on. Intrinsic motivation is mainly to satisfy the need for self-actualization of employees, make employee satisfaction and sense of achievement, so as to stimulate staff's work enthusiasm and initiative.

Reinforcement theory: American behavioral psychologist Skinner's reinforcement theory thinks, whether human or animal, in order to achieve a certain purpose, will take some action, when the results of his favor, this behavior will be repeated, and when the results in adverse, this behavior will be weakened and disappeared.

The combination of incentive principles of rewards and punishment: Excessive negative reinforcement will have many side effects. For example, make employee frustration,psychological fear for managers and low morale. Positive reinforcement will allow employees to feel a sense of achievement and satisfaction. The staff's working enthusiasm will be greatly enhanced. Positive role models and negative examples help to form a good atmosphere, make the system more effective, and organizational behavior more positive. Therefore, managers should be combined skillfully positive and negative incentives.

Accurately grasp the incentive timing: Good incentive opportunity for proper incentive is crucial. Each employee in the completion of a mission, or achievement through the efforts all hope to get the organization timely response and recognition, this time, the organization should grasp the opportunity of incentive. At different time the incentive effect is different. As to staff, encouraging timely, the satisfaction will be stronger, more can promote the enthusiasm of the staff, positive behavior will be intensified and long sustained.

Follow the incentive principle of hierarchy. Because the post, individual ability, effort level are different, each medical personnel for hospital contributions are also different, therefore the medical staff should also be properly classified, to be focused and targeted. Different levels of stimulation stimulate different levels of medical staff ' enthusiasm, creativity and initiative.

Combination achieving organizational goals with individual objectives: What is the goal,

there will be what kind of motivation. Therefore, to establish goals for an employee development and organizational development is very important. Any person's value is the unity of individual value and social value. First of all, in the human resource motivation process, managers should adhere to the principle of people-oriented, respect the staff's values as well as the lifestyle of employees, hobbies, create a relaxed environment, enhance people's sense of success, set the

staff's personal goal to meet their own development needs, improve their self value sense of identity. Secondly, the staff's personal goals and objectives of the organization are effectively together, make the organization goal contain more personal goals. Employees in achieving personal goals also realize the objectives of the organization, realize the organic unity of the personal value and social values. Therefore, the public hospital should establish reasonable behavior target, let the staff identify organization’ target, stimulate motivation, mobilize the work’ enthusiasm from employees to achieve organizational goals. In other words, we are better with better hospital.

Incentive should attach importance to effective communication. Managers in the process of implementation of incentive mechanism, need appropriate communication with staff, in order to find out the real demands. Communication really plays incentive effect and can also produce cohesion.

Perfect the public hospital incentive mechanism: Incentive mechanism is the essence of the individual interests and collective interests together, so that individual self-interest can promote the development of enterprises, so the establishment of systematic and scientific incentive mechanism is the key. At the same time, the hospital should carry out the incentive mechanism according to their specific circumstances to adapt the market under the premise of system innovation. Such as the internal incentive system (salary and welfare system, performance appraisal system, occupation development planning system), external incentive environment construction (hospital system and hospital culture, talent training and selection mechanism, hospital supervision and restriction mechanism,).

Increase government investment in health business and government leadership on the personnel system reform of health institutions. Our government spends too little on health. The false leadership from government on health system reform lead to the situation of killing doctors of the frequent cases.

Function of incentive mechanism in hospital human resource management

Arouse the enthusiasm and creativity of staff. The United States Harvard University psychologist’ research on staff incentive found that: in general, worker ability can play to

20%~30%; and be fully motivated, its capacity may play into 50%~90%, equivalent to 3~4 times of that before the excitation.

Improve the overall quality of medical personnel. Improve the management level of the hospital. Through scientific and effective incentive measures of the establishment and application of hospital, the hospital can form a good culture atmosphere, it enables managers to improve the management means, fully respect the staff; it constantly meets staff’ personal needs, improve staff’ quality, with advanced with backward; it is for managers and employees to build a communication and exchange platform, and to promote the formation of harmonious relationship, and to create a high-quality, high level medical personnel.

Enhancing hospital competitiveness: Incentive measures will create a healthy competitive environment. In this environment, employees will continue to study knowledge, improve their own quality of the business, in order to make ourselves in competition remain invincible, and thus promotes healthy competition mechanism. At the same time, incentive can attract and retain talents, for hospital development. These all contribute to the formation of a competitive, incentive, dynamic management mechanism to enhance the overall competitiveness of the hospital.

In short, the human resources management is the art of use of scientific means, flexible system to motivate people's emotion and enthusiasm. Hospital’ development depends on the person's creativity and enthusiasm, so the hospital should pay attention to staff's Incentive. Incentive means is varied. The hospital constantly improves various kinds of incentive mechanisms, really establish a incentive system with characteristics of the times and meeting the needs of the staff according to the actual situation to stimulate staff’ potential and passion for work, improve hospital core competition force.

Reference

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[3] Dong Ke, Zhu Yongguo, editor. Human resources management professional knowledge and practice [M]. Beijing: China personnel publishing house, 2009128:1471

[4] Zhang Jinchuan, Wang Xiaobo, Yang Qiao. Large hospital human resource management problem analysis and countermeasure [J]. Chongqing medical journal, 2010,39 ( 6): 748-749.

[5] Yuan Huiyun, Chen Liang. Discussion on hospital human resource planning [J]. Chinese Journal of hospital administration, 2007,14 ( 12): 894-896.

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人力资源管理激励机制研究论文

目录 目录················································Page1 引言················································Page2 摘要&关键词·········································Page2 正文 (一)现状···················································Page2 (二)现状原因分析···········································Page3(三)激励机制存在意义·······································Page4 (四)策略:建立有效,适当人力资源激励机制···················Page4 (五)竞争激励···············································Page4(六)物质激励···············································Page5(七)精神激励···············································Page6(八)为你的员工做些什么·····································Page7(九)企业文化···············································Page7总结················································Page8 参考文献············································Page8 鸣谢················································Page9

第八章--激励与奖励(人力资源管理)

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人力资源激励机制

毕业论文 论文题目:人力资源的激励机制 姓名:史为建 准考证号:030104100515 专业:工商管理(本科段)通信地址:徐州市青年东路125号邮编:221000 二○○六年十月

内容摘要 本文首先介绍了人力资源的概念及特点,阐述了激励在人力资源管理中的地位和重要性。常见的激励方式有物质激励和精神激励,其中,物质激励主要包括工资激励、奖金激励、福利激励等;精神激励主要包括晋升激励、事业激励、目标激励、荣誉激励、培训激励、感情激励等。 激励机制在人力资源管理中具有十分重要的作用,企业人力资源激励机制大概分为三部分内容:经济福利激励;绩效考核激励;价值满足激励。本文在第三部分分别描述了各种激励机制的含义和基本内容。其中,经济福利激励包括基础工资、奖励工资、福利等;绩效考核激励需要制定明确的标准,保持其公平公正性;价值满足激励包括尊重人的价值激励、信任人的价值激励、关怀人的价值激励。 最后,以联想集团为例,阐述了企业如何通过有效实施人力资源激励来改善企业绩效。联想十分重视企业人力资源管理实践的探索和经验的总结,尤其注重激励方面的探索,联想的激励机制主要有目标激励、分配激励、精神激励和竞争激励等。正是因为成功的人力资源激励管理以及方方面面的企业管理,使得仅有二十多年历史的联想成为我国IT业的领军企业,并且在PC领域兼并了IBM,其发展速度之快着实令人惊叹。 关键词:人力资源;激励;激励机制

目录 一、引言 (4) 二、人力资源激励 (4) 三、人力资源激励机制 (7) 1. 经济福利激励 (7) 2. 绩效考核激励 (9) 3. 价值满足激励 (10) 四、联想的人力资源激励机制 (11) 1. 联想的目标激励 (12) 2. 联想的分配激励 (14) 3. 联想的精神激励 (14) 4. 联想的竞争激励 (16) 五、结论 (16) 参考文献 (17)

激励机制在人力资源管理中的运用

目录 一、引言 (2) 二、激励机制的相关理论 (2) (一)激励机制的涵义 (2) (二)激励机制的手段 (2) (三)激励机制的类型 (2) (四)激励机制的作用 (3) 三、激励机制在人力资源管理中的现状 (3) 四、激励机制在人力资源管理中存在的问题及其原因 (3) (一)问题 (3) (二)原因 (4) 五、激励机制在人力资源管理中运用的对策................... 错误!未定义书签。(一)调整激励模式....................................... 错误!未定义书签。(二)改革分配模式....................................... 错误!未定义书签。(三)推进绩效考核....................................... 错误!未定义书签。(四)强化激励意识....................................... 错误!未定义书签。 六、总结................................................. 错误!未定义书签。参考文献................................................. 错误!未定义书签。

激励机制在人力资源管理中的运用 一、引言 在经济全球化、一体化的背景下,企业间的竞争日益激烈,为了提高企业的综合竞争力,纷纷关注人力资源管理,高效的人力资源管理才能够为企业提供可靠的人才保障,进而为企业的发展奠定坚持的基础。在人力资源管理过程中有着决定性作用的便是激励机制,该机制能够调动员工工作的主动性与积极性,进而利于员工工作效率的提高、利于企业成本的控制、利于企业的良性发展。但目前,人力资源管理对于激励机制运用的现状不容乐观,其中存在诸多的问题,制约着激励机制作用的发挥,影响着企业管理的现代化,因此,本文将对激励机制在人力资源管理中的运用进行研究,旨在完善激励机制的体系,提升人力资源管理的水平,促进企业经济效益的增长。 二、激励机制的相关理论 (一)激励机制的涵义 激励机制是指企业管理者制定相应的规章制度与工作规范,并根据被管理者的实际需求,对企业的资源或管理方法进行高效的利用,进而实现被管理者思想与行为的强化。 (二)激励机制的手段 激励机制的手段主要体现在以下几方面: (1)前景激励,员工对自身的职业前景进行认识,运用前景激励,需要企业制定相应的培养规划,使员工为了其职业前景的实现而更加积极、主动的工作。感情激励,员工和企业不仅有着紧密的利益联系,同时还有着情感的联系,让员工在和谐、温暖的工作氛围中进行工作,利于激发员工的创业激情。 (2)环境激励,此项激励包括客观环境与政策环境,因此,需要企业制定合理的、科学的规章制度,保证员工享受公平、平等的待遇,进而满足员工的心理需求,使其在公平、公正、公开的环境中进行高效的工作;与此同时,工作地点的选择也十分重要,工作环境直接影响着员工工作的效率。 (3)物质激励,物质生活是员工工作的重要动力,物质激励要保证其双重性,既包括正面的,也包括反面的,从而指导员工的行为。 (4)文化激励,企业文化对员工有着深远的影响,在员工的世界观、人生观与价值观等诸多方面均有一定程度的影响,员工的思想意识与企业的文化进行有效地结合,能够为企业的发展提供强大的精神动力,能够为员工的生产提供积极的工作情绪。 (三)激励机制的类型 激励机制的类型包括奖励机制,主要分为物质奖励与精神奖励;目标机制,让员工的个人利益与企业的目标进行联系,并突出员工在企业中的作用;关心机制,企业管理人员对员工的病痛、困难等进行关心与了解;参与机制,员工将参与企业的管理,使每个员工承担相应的责任;认同机制,承认员工在工作中取得的成绩,对其进行鼓励与祝贺;公平机制,企业公平地对待每一个员工,进而形成公平的氛围。

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