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中考英语总复习名词(含答案)

中考英语总复习名词(含答案)
中考英语总复习名词(含答案)

中考英语总复习名词(含答案)

中考命题趋势

考纲解读(名词在近5年考试中的考查点)

1. 能够正确使用可数名词和不可数名词。

2. 掌握可数名词复数形式的规则变化和不规则变化。

3. 掌握名词所有格的构成和用法。

4. 掌握名词作主语时和谓语在单复数上保持一致。

命题预测

1. 名词多在单项选择、完形填空、短文填空和完成对话中进行考查。

2. 据统计,名词的常考点有:(1)名词所有格,如:2018·广西,38题;2017·泰安,23题等。(2)语境中名词的选择,如:2018·达州,22题;2018·东营,19题等。(3)名词的数,如:2018·龙东,2题;2018·玉林,2017·兰州,31题等。

3. 预计今后中考中对于名词的考查将以名词辨析、名词所有格和可数名词与不可数名词的表达为重点,也可能对名词所有格及名词固定搭配进行考查。

考点1名词的分类

一、专有名词:名字(人名、地名、书名、机构名)、与国家有关的(国家、国民、语言)、日期(节日、星期、月份)

My name is Lucy. 我叫露西。

I am a Chinese. 我是中国人。

I will visit the Great Wall on Monday. 周一我要游长城。

二、普通名词:包括可数名词和不可数名词

1. 可数名词

2. 不可数名词

【注意】有些单词意义发生变化,单复数也发生变化,如:glass意为“玻璃杯”时是可数名词,意为“玻璃”时是不可数名词。

【注意】

(1)family,class等词作为一个整体时视为单数,强调家庭成员或班级成员时视为复数;

(2)部分有生命的集体名词本身就是复数的概念:

①police指警察、警官的总称,本身表示复数。

The police(主语)+谓语动词复数

②people指人们、人民,本身表示复数。

people指民族,有单、复数变化。如:fifty-six peoples 五十六个民族

考点2名词的数

一、可数名词的复数形式

1. 规则变化

不可数名词在表示量的时候需要用上适当的量词,当数词大于1时,量词须变为复数。如:a piece of advice(一条建议),five pieces of advice(五条建议),a bag of rice(一袋大米),three bags of rice(三袋大米)。

常见的量词及搭配:

a bag of flour 一袋面粉 a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶

a bowl of rice 一碗米饭 a bucket of milk 一桶牛奶

a can of beer 一罐啤酒 a cup of tea 一杯茶

a glass of milk 一杯牛奶 a pack of gum 一盒口香糖

a bowl of soup 一碗汤 a pot of tea 一壶茶

a spoon of sugar 一勺糖 a tin of soup 一个汤罐头

可数名词的量也可以用适当的量词来表达。如:two bags of apples两袋苹果。

考点3名词所有格

一、’s所有格

1、表示有生命的东西的名词,所有格一般在名词后加’s,其构成形式如下:

①一般单数名词后加’s。如:my brother’s book,Jack’s cat,the girl’s pen等。

②以-s或-es结尾的复数名词的所有格,只需在名词后加“‘”。如:girls’,teachers’等。

【注意】在不规则复数名词后,要加’s。如:women’s clothes。

③以-s结尾的专有名词的所有格,读音以[z]结尾的,一般在名词后加“‘”,也可加’s其读音分别为[z]和[Iz]。如:Dickens’/Dickens’s book。

【注意】若不以读音[z]结尾则仍用’s。如:Ross’s book。

④复合名词或词群的所有格的词尾’s加在后面的名词之后。

the President of the United States’s car美国总统的汽车

【注意】当出现同位语时,’s一般加在同位语后。

This is my sister Mary’s bag. 这是我妹妹玛丽的包。

⑤如果一样东西为两个人共有,则只在后一个名词词尾加’s,如果不是共有的,两个名词都要加’s。

Tom and Peter’s room汤姆和彼得的房间(共有的房间)

Tom’s and Peter’s rooms汤姆的房间和彼得的房间(各自的房间)

⑥表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时,常在名词后加上’s代表全称。

at the doctor’s=at the doctor’s office在诊所

⑦在one及one/body和some-,any-,no-,every-结合起来的复合词后加’s。如:someone’s book某人的书。这些代词和else连用时,’s应加在else后。如:somebody else’s pencil别人的铅笔。

2、表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词,也可以在词尾后加’s或“‘”构成所有格。如:today’s news,ten minutes’ drive,China’s industry等。

二、“of+名词”所有格

无生命的名词的所有格,通常用“of+名词”的结构来表示。如:the windows of the room(房间的窗户),the cover of the dictionary(词典的封面)。

三、双重所有格

(1)表示部分概念,of短语修饰的名词前通常有表示数量的限定词,如:a,an,one,two,some,several,a few,many,any,no等。

This is a picture of mine. 这是我的一张照片。

(2)双重所有格与of所有格的不同。

He is a friend of your father’s. 他是你父亲的一个朋友。(强调你父亲的朋友不止一个)

He is a friend of your father. 他是你父亲的朋友。(强调他对你父亲的友好)

中考考点聚焦

考点1名词辨析

例1 (2018达州)----What do you think of The Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路倡议)?

----Great! It will help China improve the _______ with those related countries.

A. relationship

B. agreement

C. environment

D. information

解析:句意:--你觉得一带一路倡议怎么样?--非常好!这有助于提升中国和相关国家的关系。本题考查名词含义,relationship关系,agreement一致,environment环境,information信息,根据句子含义可以选出答案。

答案:A

考点2名词所有格及其用法

例1(2018广西)The woman in a hat is aunt.

A. Jack and John

B.Jack’s and John

C.Jack’s and John’s

D.Jack and John’s

解析:句意:--这女人是杰克和约翰的阿姨。本题考查名词所有格用法。在表示多个人或物共有的东西,在最后一个名词后加“’s”。

答案:D

考点3名词的数

例1(2018玉林)—Hey, boys. Look at the falling .

—Well, it’

A.leaf

B.leafs

C.leafes

D.leaves

解析:句意:--嘿!孩子们。快看落叶。--哦,这说明秋天来了。以f或fe结尾的名词变复数,变f或fe 为v,加es。

答案:D

中考真题演练

考点1名词辨析

1. (2018扬州)The Queqiao satellite(卫星) will form a B bridge between controllers on Earth and the far side of the Moon.

2. (2018孝感) --- Which should we start with, Water World or Space World?

--- Either is OK, it makes no C to me.

A. mistake

B. promise

C. difference

D. decision

3. (2018咸宁)— Could you give me a few B on how to spend the coming summer holiday?

— OK, let me see.

A. hobbies

B. suggestions

C. knowledge

D. information

4. (2018武汉) --- Kate, I' m going shopping. Anything to buy for you?

---Yes, that will save me a__A ___.

A. hand

B. trip

C. visit

D.bill

5. (2018徐州)You don't have to tell me your answer now. Give it some D and then let me know.

A. support

B. help

C. protection

D. thought

6. (2018苏州)The boy has been missing for five days and his parents are worried about his___ B .

A. attention

B. safety

C. action

D. growth

7. (2018沈阳)Small cars are useful in cities with narrow ____ A ______.

A. streets

B. cinemas

C. squares

D. shop

8. (2018南京)--- Do you have this T-shirt in a small___ A ____?

10. (2018兰州)If the temperature is below 0o C, water will turn into ____ A ___ in the open air.

A. ice

B. steam

C. fog

D. rain

11. (2018荆州) —Kids often feel better in a happy family.

—That’s true. A happy family provides a loving ___ B___ for its children.

A. expression

B. environment

C. encouragement

D. development

12. (2018黄石) B ___of China.

A. subject

B. symbol

C. sign

D. spirit

13. (2018东营)-- Hi, Li Mei. How is your new school?

-- Fantastic. We can choose the courses according to our C . I love operas, so I took the Beijing Opera class.

A. grades

B. talents

C. interests

D. experiences

14. (2018呼和浩特)—It’ s Mr Zhang’ s new movie.But I think it’ s more meaningful than his others.

— I agree with you. His latest movie has come to his highest B.

A. spirits

B. standard

C. treasure

D. development

15. (2018河南)- It's useless to regret what has been done. Don't make those mistakes again

一I won't. That's a(n) __ C ___

A order B. decision C. promise D. agreement

考点2名词所有格及其用法

1. (2016·龙东)—How far is your home from school?

—About B walk.

A. five minute’s

B. five minutes’

C. five minutes

2. (2017哈尔滨)—How time flies! It is two A since we met last.

—So it is. I miss you so much.

A. months

B. monthes

C. months’

D. month

3. (2017恩施)—Henry, have you seen the English book on the B desk? If you see it, please take it to the office.

—OK.

A. teachers’; teachers’

B. teacher’s; teachers’

C. teacher’s; teacher’s

D. teachers’; teacher’s

考点3名词的数

1. (2016·重庆)It’s sports time. Most A students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground.

A. boy

B. boys

C. boy’s

D. boys’

2. (2017邵阳) —Mom, please give me two B . I want to make vegetable salad.

—OK. Here you are.

A. tomato

B. tomatoes

C. tomatos

D. tomatoos

3. (2017南充)—Are you thirsty?

—Yes, please give us C .

A. three bottle water

B. three bottle of water

C. three bottles of water

D. three bottles of waters

4. (2017兰州) There are a lot of B on the grassland. sheep-dog is sitting next to them.

A. sheep; The

B. sheep; A

C. sheeps; The

D. sheeps; A

5. (2018通辽) In China, there are more ___B___in primary schools than in high schools.

A. woman teacher

B. women teachers

C. women teacher

D. woman teachers

6. (2017·广州)Yesterday for dinner I had a piece of beef,vegetables and A.

A. some rice

B. a few rice

C. a little rices

D. a rice

7. (2017营口)—There A many foreign students in her class.

—Yes. I know two of them are .

A. are; Japanese

B. is; Australian

C. are; Germany

D. is; Ameirca

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