新编英语教程5.unit1知识点

Hit the Nail on the Head

教学时数：4学时

教学目的与要求：通过本单元的学习，要求学生熟悉课文内容，掌握新的英语词汇和理解课文基本大意，能够对课文的主旨进行简单总结和评论，并独立完成本单元练习题。

教学重点：重点句子的理解。

教学难点：creep, loiter, march, meander, pace, patrol, plod, prowl, ramble, roam, saunter, shuffle, stagger, stalk, step, tread, trudge,and walk的

词义辨析。

About Style语体（文体；风格）

1. variation in a person‘s speech or writing. Style usually varies from casual to formal according to the type of situation, the person or persons addressed, the location, the topic discussed, etc. a particular style, e.g.

a formal style or a colloquial style, is sometimes referred to as a stylistic variety (语体类型)。Some linguists use the term ―register‖ for a stylistic variety whilst others differentiate between the two.

2. Style can also refer to a particular person‘s use of speech or writing at all times or to a way of speaking or writing at a particular period of time, e.g. Dickens‘s style, the style of Shakespeare, an 18th–century style of writing.

About the author:

Alan Warner(1912- ), English teacher at Makerere College, Kampala, Uganda. The selection is Chapter 7 of his book A Short Guide to English Style (1961), which consists of three parts: Part One, How to write clean English; Part Two, the development of English style; and Part Three, English styles today. In writing the book, the author has tried to keep in mind the special needs and difficulties of those students for whom English is not the mother tongue.

I．Background Information

1．Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880), French novelist, was associated with,

thought not representative of, the movement of naturalism and known as one of the greatest realists of nineteenth-century France. He devoted his life to long hours spent in heavy toil over his work. His writing is marked by exactness and accuracy of observation, e xtreme impersonality and objectivity of treatment, and precision and expressiveness in style, or the principle of the mot juste.

2. Mrs. Malaprop is a famous character in Sheridan‘s comedy The Rivals (1775). She is noted for her blunders in the use of word s. ―As headstrong as an allegory (alligator) on the banks of the Nile‖ is one of her grotesque misapplications. She also requests that no delusions (allusions) to the past be made. She has given us the word malapropism as a name for such mistakes.

(谢里丹Sheridan，Richard Brinsley, 英国剧作家，政治家。1751年10月30日生于爱尔兰，卒于1816年7月7日。谢里丹先入哈罗中学，后学法律。从1775年他的第一部剧作上演，到1779年共写了7部剧本。自1776年至1809年一直经营朱瑞巷剧院。1780年后主要从事政治活动，当过议员，并在外交部、财政部和海军内任过要职，拥护自由民主，反对不义战争和反对压迫平民。谢里丹最有名的剧作《造谣学校》是英国风俗喜剧最佳作品之一。他的全部作品几乎都是以明快的机智嘲弄当时那个感情脆弱的社会，并以卓越的性格描绘著称。其他作品有喜剧《情敌》、喜歌剧《陪媪》、据17世纪末英国剧作家范布勒《失足》改写的喜剧《斯卡巴勒之行》、滑稽剧《批评家》以及据同时代德国剧作家科采布《秘鲁的西班牙人》改编的悲剧《皮扎罗》等)

3．Hindi is a literary and official language of northern India. Swahili is a Bantu language that is a trade the governmental language over much of East Africa and in the Congo region. Bantus are people belonging to a group of tribes found in equatorial and southern Africa.

4. Carpenter The chief work of the carpenter is to cut, shape, and fasten lumber, timbers, and other materials according to the intention of the designer. Building plans show dimensions and locations, but rarely give the carpenter all the necessary information. A carpenter must draw on

experience and ingenuity of many part of the job. Most carpenters work in crews of general contractors or a re employed as maintenance workers in buildings, factories, or institutions.

5. Christmas is the festival celebrating the birth of Christ. In most countries it is observed on December 25. Christian churches throughout the world hold special services on Chri stmas Day to give thinks for the birth of Christ. In addition to religious observances, Christmas is a time of merrymaking and feasting. Wherever Christmas is celebrated, there is a spirit of kindness and giving, in keeping with the Biblical message: Glory to God in the highest;

and on earth peace, good will toward men.

6. Dickens, Charles (1812-1870), an English novelist. He tried in his work not only to entertain but to bring about social reforms. In his novels Dickens attacked such evils as poorhouses, u njust courts, greedy employers, faulty schools, and imprisonment for debt.

7. Shakespeare, William (1564-1616), an English poet and playwright. He has long been recognized as the world‘s finest dramatist and a poet of high rank, and most modern critics co nsider him the world‘s greatest literary figure. His plays have been translated into all major languages and numerous minor ones; performed repeatedly in almost every country; and in Europe and America staged oftener than those of any other playwright. His plays have been made into motion picture, radio, and television productions and have formed the basis for operas and musicals.

II. Teaching Points

Para 1:

1. The sentence ―So with language; . . . firmly and directly‖ establishes the link between the driving of a nail and the choice of a word.

2. Paraphrase: A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English.

A writer who is particular about the exactn ess of an expression in English will never feel happy with a word which fails to express an idea accurately.

Para 2:

1. Paraphrase: Choosing words is part of realization, of defining our thought and feelings for ourselves, as well as for those who hear or read our words.

To a certain extent, the process of finding the right words to use is a process of perfection where you try to search for words that may most accurately make your thoughts and feelings, and words that may most effectively make your listeners and readers understand your thoughts and feelings.

Para 3:

1. Paraphrase: It is hard work choosing the right words, but we shall be rewarded by the satisfaction that finding them brings.

Finding the most suitable word to use is no case easy. But there is nothing like the delight we shall experience when such a word is located.

2. Paraphrase: The exact use of language gives us mastery over the material we are dealing with.

Once we are able to use language accurately, we are in a position to fully understand our subject matter.

3. How can I know what I think till I see what I say? This sounds stupid, but there is a great deal of truth in it.

It sounds irrational that a person does not know what he himself thinks before he sees what he says. But as a matter of fact, it is quite true that unless we have found the exact words to verbalize our own thoughts we

can never be very sure of what our thoughts are; without words, our thoughts cannot be defined or stated in a clear and precise manner. Para 4:

1. human and humane

human — relating or characteristic of humankind or people; of, characterizing, or relating to man

humane — having or showing compassion or benevolence; characterized by kindness, mercy, sympathy. Humane is an earlier form of human. The two words are of the same origin.

Para 7:

1. Malapropism: the unintentional misuse of a word by confusing it with one that resembles it, such as human for humane, singularity for singleness.（音近词的滑稽误用）

Para 9:

1. But the misuse of ―imprison‖ is a different case. It is wrongly chosen because the user has failed to recognize its connotation.

Para 10:

1. March: walk with firm regular steps like a soldier 齐步前进，行军Pace: walk with slow, steady steps, especially backwards and forwards

踱方步

Patrol: go at regular times round an area, building, etc. 巡逻

Stalk: walk stiffly, proudly, or with long steps高视阔步地走

Stride: walk with long steps or cross with one long step大踏步地走

Tread on: step on踩，践踏

Tramp: walk with firm heavy steps用沉重的脚步走

Step out: (U.S.) go outside or go somewhere暂时走开

Prance: move quickly, happily, or proudly with a springing step欢跃的走Strut: walk proudly or stiffly, especially with the chest pushed forward and trying to look important 趾高气扬地走

Prowl: move about an area quietly, trying not to be seen or heard 徘徊，

潜行

Plod: walk slowly along (trudge) 沉重缓慢的走

Stroll: walk a short distance, slowly or lazily, especially for pleasure. 闲逛散步

Shuffle: walk by dragging one''s feet slowly along 拖着脚走

Stagger: walk or move unsteadily and with great difficulty, almost falling 蹒跚

Sidle: move uncertainly or secretively, as if really to turn and go the other way 侧身而行

Trudge: walk with heavy steps, slowly and with effort (plod) 步履艰难的走

Toddle: walk with short, unsteady steps, as a small child does 蹒跚行走Ramble: go on a walk for enjoyment 漫步

Roam: wander with not very clear purpose漫步

Saunter: walk with an unhurried way, and especially in a confident manner (lounge)闲逛

Meander: wander in a slow easy way漫步散步

Lounge: move in a leisurely, indolent manner (saunter) 闲荡

Loiter: move slowly or keep stopping when one should be going forward 走走停停

Creep: move slowly, quietly, and carefully so as not to attract attention 蹑手蹑脚地走

SEE: behold, look at, glimpse, glanced at, view, survey, perceive, notice, observe, discern, distinguish, remark, comprehend, understand, kno w

死的表示法：亡，故，卒，毙，薨，陨，崩，故世，献身，长眠，逝世，寿终，没了，入土，断气，溘逝，驾崩，大行，回老家，玩儿完，填沟壑，翘辫子，见马克思，一命呜呼，三长两短，香消玉陨，呜呼哀哉，跨鹤西游，吹灯拔蜡，去极乐世界。。。。。。

III. Organization and Development

1. Structure:

Para. 1 Introduction – it is an analogy between the hammering of nails and the use of language to express oneself. A man with a poor command of a language, not sure what words to use to express himself, is just like a man clumsy with a hammer, unsuccessful in his effort to strike a nail right into a box. / A man with a good command of a languag e, just like a skillful carpenter who easily drives home the nail with a few firm, deft blows, will drive home his point firmly and exactly with the right words and expressions.

Language use

Clumsy carpenter

(get half of the nail into a box)

Skillful carpenter

(hit the nail squarely on the head)

Carpentry

Good craftsman

(choose words that will drive home his point firmly & exactly)

Bad craftsman

(more-or-less-right words, loose phrases, ambiguous expressions, vague

adjectives)

CC : SC

GC : BC

Para. 2-3 The significance of finding the right words

Paras. 4-7 Semantic difference between words sharing the same root Paras. 8 Wrong choice of words caused by failure to recognize their connotations

Para. 9 stylistic differences betw een synonyms

Para. 10 The abundance of specific words in English for general notions Pars. 11 Conclusion – English has a large vocabulary, however, only around 12,000 words are used today. Thus choose the words precisely and exactly.

2. Analogy:

An analogy is a special kind of comparison and a more concrete way to explain things. It can help to make some vast, remote, abstract, or specialized thing clear. Of the two things being compared, one is an unfamiliar subject, usually a difficult or abstract subject the writer makes a point of clarifying, and the other a familiar subject, an easy subject the writer utilizes to help explain his unfamiliar subject.

IV. Interactive Activity

1. Oral practice: Use the way of analogy to illustrate your ideas of dormitory life/ your love for your parents/ the friendship between you and one of your best friends

Written work: write a short summary of "Hit the nail on the head", making clear how the writer uses "analogy" to illustrate an abstract point.

Add-on materials

V Proverbs and Idioms

English proverbs and idioms: (very important because of their specific cultural connotations)

1. Hit the nail on the head

2. To play by ear 凭听觉记忆演奏

Neil sat at the piano and began playing, by ear, the music he''d heard his older sister practicing.

In hot water 遇到麻烦；处于困境

The company has already been in hot water over high prices this year. (like) Water off a duck‘s back 不起作用, 毫无影响

Close to the vest 把...保守秘密; 避免不必要的危险play (it) close to the vest

A vest is a piece of underwear which you can wear on the top half of your body in order to keep warm. (BRIT; in AM use undershirt)

The shoe is on the other foot情况完全不同了；责任在别人身上；情况相反；地位倒转；位置对调

To keep an ear to the ground

To be on the watch for new trends or information. 敏锐，精明：注意新动向或信息

To bark up the wrong tree

To misdirect one''s energies or attention. 找错目标：精力或注意力集中在错误地方

To fly off handle [美口]冒火, 激动；死, 翘辫子

To twist someone‘s arm

To coerce by or as if by physical force:向某人施加压力，用或好象用施加压力的办法来强迫某人服从

To charge someone an arm and a leg

an arm and a leg【俚语】: An excessively high price 非常高的价格：

a cruise that cost an arm and a leg.

Taking candy from a baby

He''d take a candy from a baby. [美口]他是个贪得无厌的人

Bottom line

The line in a financial statement that shows net income or loss. 帐本底线，盈亏一览结算线：在财务报表中用此线标明净收益或净损失

The final result or statement; upshot 结果，结局：最后结果或声明；结果：―The bottom line, however, is that he has escaped‖(David Wise)

―然而，最后的结局是他逃掉了‖(戴维·怀斯)

The main or essential point 要点或关键之处：

―A lot can happen between now and December, but the bottom line—for now—is that the city is still heading toward default‖(New York)

―从现在到十二月份会发生很多变化，但是现在的实质问题是，这个城市还是不准备参赛‖(纽约)

Just for laughs (laugh: amusing incident or person)

If you do something for a laugh or for laughs, you do it as a joke or for fun.

To laugh up one‘s sleeve: be sec retly amused (at sb.) 暗笑；窃喜

To rejoice or exult in secret, as at another''s error or defeat.幸灾乐祸：偷偷地欣喜或高兴，如对他人的错误或失败

(have/get) The last laugh笑在最后; 取得最后胜利

A BLACK SHEEP败家子, 败类, 害群之马

If you describe someone as the black sheep of their family or of a group that they are a member of, you mean that they are considered bad or worthless by other people in that family or group.

A dark horse

If you describe someone as a dark horse, you mean that people know very little about them, although they may have recently ha d success or may be about to have success.

Until recently A. S. Byatt was a dark horse, known only by those steeped in literature.

A white lie

If you refer to an untrue statement as a white lie, you mean that it is made to avoid hurting someone''s feelings or to avoid trouble, and not for an evil purpose.

……

VI Dictation (write a synonym and an antonym):

Dismay; toddle; imprison; maintain; singularity; expire; scrupulous; indigent; epitomize

Write three specific words for ?say‘:

VII Vocabulary: Generic and Specific words

Say: speak; tell; declare; pronounce; express; state; argue; affirm; blurt; drawl; stammer; splatter; sputter; orate; etc.

See: behold; look at; glimpse; glance at; view; survey; contemplate; perceive; notice; observe; discern; distinguish; remark; comprehend; understand; etc.

Beverage: liquor; wine; beer; tea; coffee; milk; drink; soft drink; etc. Excitement: agitation; perturbation; commotion; disturbance; tension; bustle; stir; flutter; sensation; et c.

Delight: joy; gladness; satisfaction; charm; rapture; ecstasy; gratification; etc.

Skillful: apt; ingenious; handy; ready; quick; smart; expert; gifted; talented; dexterous; clever; etc.

VIII Some problems to consider

Organization and Development of Text 1

the double function of the correct choice of words

semantic differences between words having the same root

wrong choice of words caused by failure to recognize their connotations stylistic differences between synonyms

the un-translatability of culturally specific words

the abundance of specific words in English for general notions

Way of Analysis: Analogy—Comparison & Contrast (similarities & dissimilarities)

Analogy as an extended comparison: e.g. the learning of a foreign language versus swimming, bike-riding, etc.

The un-translatability of culturally specific words:

e.g. le mot juste

chic

ahimsa

safari

samsara

nevana

weltanschauung

Some Chinese words that are also un-translatable?

新编英语教程第五册课后练习试题答案解析

新编英语教程第五册课后练习题答案 Answers to the exercises in Unit 1 II. Paraphrase 1.A writer who is particular about the exactness of an expression in English will never feel happy with a word which fails to express an idea accurately. 2. To a certain extent, the process of finding the right words to use is a process of perfection where you try to search for words that may most accurately express your thoughts and feelings, and words that may most effectively make your listeners and readers understand your thoughts and feelings. 3. Finding the most suitable word to use is in no sense easy. But there is nothing like the delight we shall experience when such a word is located. 4. Once we are able to use language accurately, we are in a position to fully understand our subject matter. III. Translate 1.After citing many facts and giving a number of statistical figures, he finally drove home his point. 2. It took us half a year more or less to carry through the research project. 3. What he said was so subtle that we could hardly make out his true intention. 4. His new book looks squarely at the contemporary social problems. 5. The younger generation today are very much alive to the latest information found on the Internet. 6. It is a matter of opinion whether a foreign language is more easily learned in one’s childhood or otherwise. 7. Never lose heart in the face of a setback; take courage and deal with it squarely. 8. Rice, meat, vegetables, and fruit constitute a balanced diet. Language Work III. 1. clumsy-unskillful 2. deft-skilful 3. loose-vague 4. subtle-tricky 5. precise-accurate 6. shift-alteration 7. vague-ambiguous 8. scrupulous-conscientious 9. ignorance-want of knowledge 10. disadvantages-drawbacks 11. cultivating-developing 12. mistaken-erroneous 13.unimportant-trivial 14. dark-dim 15. flexible-adaptable 16. fine-subtle 17. sentimental-emotional 18. essence-quintessence 19. coercion-compulsion 20. fascinating-absorbing

新编英语教程第三册第三版B翻译

Unit 1 在弗雷德看来，面试进行得很顺利。五天前他曾向一家小公司申请工作，现在那公司的一名董事正在对他进行面试。 在这之前弗雷德一直在当推销员。他现在想调工作并不是因为缺钱，而是因为作为一名推销员他几乎没有空闲的时间。 弗雷德在谈话前很担心，生怕头脑发昏说错话，但是很幸运他发现自己同这位董事的共同之处颇多。 显然这位董事很满意。正当弗雷德在想着自己很可能得到工作时，董事接着问他：“你愿意加班吗?” In Fred’s view, the interview was going very smoothly indeed. Five days before, he had applied for a job at a small business company and now he was being interviewed by one of its directors. Fred had been working as a salesman. He wanted to change his job not because he was short of money, but because as a salesman he could hardly enjoy any leisure at all. Fred had been worried that he might lose his head and say something silly, but fortunately he found that he had a lot in common with the director. It was clear that the director was quite satisfied. Fred was thinking that his chances of landing the job were favourable when the director proceeded to ask, “Do you mind working over time?” Unit 2 B.汉译英 汤姆一开始同父亲谈话就想直截了当地把自己的意思说出来。“爸爸，我作了一个重要的决定，我打算参军去（go into the services）。”父亲很吃惊，不赞同地看着他。“你不应该先得到学位吗？你总有机会服役的，在你……” “可是，爸爸，我今年无论如何会被征入伍的（be drafted）。”汤姆急着打断父亲说。“所以为什么不现在入伍呢（enlist）? 如果入伍了，我得到技术培训的机会就会更多些。要知道，那是很重要的。” “嗯……”父亲插嘴说，“你在大学里第一年学得不错，现在不是你离开学校的时候。” “爸爸，我大学一年级的成绩不很理想，我想我是赶不上其他同学的了。此外，我知道你多么不愿意背债（get into debt），要我成为你的负担，那么我永远不会觉得好受（feel right about）。” 听了这些，汤姆的父亲无言以对，但是他最终说了这么一句话：“我想也许你最好同你母亲谈一下。” As soon as Tom began his talk with his father, he wanted to gain his point directly. “I’ve made an important decision, Dad. I’m going into the services.” Tom’s father looked at him with an air of surprised disapproval. “Shouldn’t you get your degree first? You can always do your military service after …” “But Dad, I’ll be drafted this year anyway,” Tom interrupted

新编英语教程3第三版翻译答案解析

Unit 1 1. 他们都认为他成功的可能性很小。 They all believed that his chances of success were slim. 2. 我不知道她为何总带有一种闷闷不乐的神情。 I don’t know why she always has an air of sadness. 3. 等到所有同学都就座后，学生会主席才开始宣布野营的日程安排。After all students were seated, the president of the students’ union proceeded to announce the camping itinerary. 4. 胃是人体至关重要的器官，请善待之。 Please take good care of our stomach which is a vital organ of our human body. 5、他认为总经理如此重视那些日常琐事是荒唐的。 He considered it absurd for the general manager to attach so much importance to those routine trifles. 6. 她的研究涉及多种语言和文化，富有挑战性。 Her study was full of challenge, which was concerned with many languages and cultures. 7. 根据安排，全体工作人员依次值晚班。 As is scheduled, all staff should take turns to do late duty. 8. 想到要远离父母独自生活，她深感不安。 She felt upset at the thought of leaving her parents and having an independent living in a remote area.

新编英语教程5课文翻译(unit9)

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Comprehension I. Judge which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the article. A. To be able to use the right word is an important component of one’s mastery of the English language. B. To facilitate one’s own process of cognition and one’s communication with others, one must be able to choose the right word from the extensive vocabulary of the English language. C. It is more important to know exactly the meaning and use of a relatively small number of words than to know vaguely a larger number. II. Determine which is the best choice for each of the following questions. 1. “Clean English” in the first paragraph mea ns . A. English of a dignified style B. English free from swear words C. English which is precise and clear 2.The word “realization” in the sentence “Choosing words is part of the process of realization…” means . A. articulating sounds B. fulfilling one’s goals C. becoming aware of what one thinks and feels

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新编英语教程6课文 翻译 -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1

第1单元避免两词铭记两词 在生活中，没有什么比顿悟更令人激动和兴奋的，它可以改变一个人——不仅仅是改变，而且变得更好。当然，这种顿悟是很罕见的，但仍然可以发生在我们所有人身上。它有时来自一本书，一个说教或一行诗歌，有时也来自一个朋友。 在曼哈顿一个寒冷的冬天的下午，我坐在一个法国小餐馆，倍感失落和压抑。因为几次误算，在我生命中一个至关重要的项目就这样落空了。就因为这样，甚至连期望看到一个老朋友（我常常私下亲切的想到的一个老人）的情形都不像以前那样令我兴奋。我坐在桌边，皱起眉头看着色彩多样的桌布，清醒的嚼着苦涩的食物。 他穿过街道，裹着旧棉袄，一顶帽子从光头打下来，看上去不像是一个有名的精神病医生，倒像是一个精力充沛的侏儒。他的办公室在附近到处都有，我知道他刚刚离开他最后一个病人。他接近80岁，但仍然扛着一个装着满满文件的公文包，工作起来仍然像一个大公司的主管，无论何时有空，他都仍然爱去高尔夫球场。 当他走过来坐我旁边时，服务员早已把他总是要喝的啤酒端了过来，我已经几个月没有见他了，但他似乎还是老样子。没有任何寒暄，他就问我“怎么了，年轻人？” 我已经不再对他的样子感到奇怪，所以我详细地把烦恼告诉他。带着一丝忧伤的自豪。我尽量说出实情，除了我自己，我并没有因为失望而责备任何人。我分析了整件事情，但所有负面评价以及错误仍然继续。我讲了约有十五分钟，这期间老人只是默默的喝着啤酒。我讲完后，他取下眼镜说：“到我的办公室去。”“到你的办公室你忘了带什么了吗”他和蔼的说“不是，我想看看你对某些事情的反应，仅此而已。” 外面开始下起小雨，但他的办公室很温暖，舒服，亲切：放满书的书架靠着墙壁，长皮沙发，弗洛伊德的亲笔签名照，还有墙边放着的录音笔。他的秘书回家了，只有我们在那里。老人从纸盒里拿出一盘磁带放进录音笔，然后说：“这里有到我这来求助的三个人的简单录音，当然，这没有说明具体是哪三个人。我想让你听听，看你是否能找出双字词的短语，这里是在三个案例中共有的。”他笑道：“不要这么困扰，我有我的目的。” 对我来说，录音中三个主人共有的东西不是什么快乐的东西。首先讲话的是一个男人，他在生意中经历了一些损失或失败，他指责自己没有辛勤工作，也没有远见。接下来说话的是一个女人，她还没有结婚，因为对她寡妇母亲的强烈的责任意思，她伤心的回忆了所有擦肩而过的婚姻机遇。第三个说话的是一位母亲，她十多岁的儿子在警察局有麻烦，她总是不停地责备自己。 老人关掉收音机，侧身坐到椅子上：“在这些录音中，有一个短语像病毒一样的出现了六次。你注意到了吗没有噢，这可能是因为几分钟前你在餐馆说过了三次。”他拿起磁带盒扔给我。“正好在标签上有那两个伤心的词语。”我向下一看，那里有两个清晰的红色的印字：如果。 “你受惊了吗？”老人说：“你能想象我坐在这把椅子上以这两个词开头的话有多少次了吗？他们总是对我说：如果换一种方法做——或根本不去做。（如果我没发脾气、没有做那虚伪的事、没有说那愚蠢的谎言。如果我聪明点，或更无私点，或更自控点。）直到我打断说话他们才会停止。有时我让他们听你刚说过的录音。我对他们说（如果你停止说如果，我们就已取得进展了。）” 老人伸出双脚，说：“问题是，‘如果’并没有改变任何东西。它使那人面对错误——后退而非前进，那样只是在浪费时间。最后，要是你让它成为一个习惯，它就会变成真的障碍，变成你不再去做尝试的借口了。” “现在回到你的情况：你的计划没成功，为什么？因为你犯了某种错误。唔，这个没关系，毕竟错误谁都会犯，我们也从中学到东西。但是，当你告诉我那些东西时却悔恨这个， 后悔那个的时候，你还没有从错误中学到什么。” “你怎么知道呢？”我用一种辩驳的语气问道。 “因为你还没有从过去中走出来。你根本没提及到未来。在某种程度上——老实说，——现在你仍沉溺于过去。我们

新编英语教程第3册(李观仪主编)第二单元课后练习答案_

练习册第二单元参考答案 Text 1 A. True (T) or False (F)? 1. Simone drank some champagne with her bridesmaids to overcome her nervousness before the wedding. F Simone didn’t feel nervous at all. On the contrary, when drinking champagne, she thought about all that had gone into getting to the wedding day. 2. Simone regarded her wedding as the most important occasion in her life. T 3.Simone’s father loved her so much that he was willing to spend as much money as he could. F Maybe Simone’s father was willing to spend mon ey for her, but it seemed that he could not afford what his daughter had spent for her wedding. 4. Alice had succeeded in teaching Simone to be a reasonable and responsible consumer. F It was true that Alice always told Simone to be financially responsible, but she failed to make her a reasonable and responsible consumer, especially when she was preparing for her wedding. 5. Simone didn’t follow Alice’s advice because Simone thought all the money she spent belonged to her father. T 6. Alice called to ask Simone about her future plan because she wanted to humiliate her. F Alice called to ask Simone about her future plan because she wanted to remind her of her financial problem after the wedding. 7. Simone lost control of her emotions later because Alice sent a letter to inform her that she had divorced her father. F Simone lost control of her emotions later because Alice sent a letter to inform her that the wedding had been cancelled. Since her father’s company had already gone bankrupt, her father couldn’t pa y her wedding expenditure. 8. Since Tom decided not to marry Simone after knowing the facts, the wedding was cancelled. T B. Explain the following in your own words. 1. … Simone could not help but think about all that had gone into getting to today. could not stop from thinking about.

新编英语教程第三版李观仪Unit课文及译文参考

Unit 1 恰到好处 Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box? He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective （模糊的形容词）, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose. 你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗？只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。语言也是如此。一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。差不多的词，不准确的短语，摸棱两可的表达，含糊不清的修饰，都无法使一位追求纯真英语的作家满意。他会一直思考，直至找到那个能准确表达他的意思的词。 The French have an apt（贴切的） phrase for this. They speak of “le mot juste,” (the exact word) the word that is just right. Stories are told of scrupulous（一丝不苟的） writers, like Flaubert, who spent days trying to get one or two sentences exactly right. Words are many and various; they are subtle（微妙的） and delicate（细腻的） in their different shades（色调）of meaning, and it is not easy to find the ones that express precisely（正是，恰恰） what we want to say. It is not only a matter of having a good command of language and a fairly wide vocabulary; it is also necessary to think hard and to observe accurately. Choosing words is part of the process of realization, of defining our thoughts and feelings for ourselves, as well as for those who hear or read our words. Someone once remarked: “How can I know what I think till I see what I say?” this sounds stupid, but there is a great deal of truth in it. 法国人有一个很贴切的短语来表达这样一个意思，即“le mot juste”, 恰到好处的词。有很多关于精益求精的作家的名人轶事，比如福楼拜常花几天的时间力求使一两个句子在表达上准确无误。在浩瀚的词海中，词与词之间有着微妙的区别，要找到能恰如其分表达我们意思的词绝非易事。这不仅仅是扎实的语言功底和相当大的词汇量的问题，还需要人们绞尽脑汁，要观察敏锐。选词是认识过程的一个步骤，也是详细描述我们的思想感情并表达出来使自己以及听众和读者深刻理解的一个环节。有人说：“在我思想未成文之前，我怎么知道自己的想法？”这听起来似乎很离谱，但它确实很有道理。 It is hard work choosing the right words, but we shall be rewarded by the satisfaction that finding them brings. The exact use of language gives us mastery（掌握） over the material we are dealing with. Perhaps you have been asked “What sort of a man is so-and-so（某某等）?” You begin: “Oh, I think he’s quite a nice chap （家伙）but he’s rather…” and then you hesitate trying to find a word or phrase to express what it is about him that