新沪教英语八上unit4Inventions精讲与专练

新沪教版英语八上unit4-Inventions精讲与专练

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Unit4 Inventions 一.要点短语:

1.instead of取代,替代

2.light bulb电灯泡

3.help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事

4.live a better life过更好的生活

5.in the early 19th century

6.in history在历史上

7.at the start of在……初期

8.since then从那以后

9.each other彼此

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5c16809910.html,lons of数百万的

11.mobile phone手机

12.allow sb to do sth允许某人做某人

13.keep in touch with与……保持联系14.in the day time在白天

15.imagine doing sth想象做某事

16.make noise制造噪音

17.keep…off使……远离

18.in front of在……的前面

19.at the same time同时

20..throw away扔掉

21.turn into变成

22.right now现在

23.all the time一直

24.make a mess弄得一团糟

25.lead to导致，引起

26.with the help with在……的帮助

二.要点解释:

1.Listen to advertisements for four funny inventions.听四则有趣发明的广告.

(1).advertisement n.广告(可数) ad 缩写advertise v.做广告，登广告

They will put an advertisement in the newspaper.

(2).funny adj.可笑的；滑稽的You’re an extremely funny man. 你是一个非常滑稽的人。

fun与funny的区别: fun与funny都可以作形容词，但它们的意思不同,fun意为有趣的funny意为滑稽的, fun还可以作名词,意为乐趣,有趣的事物.

2.Write a short article about a new invention that you will create.

写一篇有关你要创造的一项新发明的短文.

(1)create v.创作,创造creation n.创造物,作品creator n.创造者creative adj.有创造力的

creativity n.创造力

试翻译：这个创造者创作了这个作品，他很有创造力。

The creator created the creation ,he is creative.

【辨析】create 和make

create 创造,创作创造出原来并不存在的东西He created a new idea. 他创造了一个新想法.

make 创造,制作通过工作制造出某种东西The workers make the watch in the factory.

工人们在工厂制造手表.

3.telephone n.电话,电话机缩写形式是phone mobil phone移动电话,手机

I don’t have a telephone.我没有一部电话.

telephone v.给……打电话I telephone my grandpa every week.我每周给爷爷打电话.

给某人打电话的表达：

①telephone /phone sb I often telephone /phone my mother about my study.

②call sb please call me.

③give sb a call I gave my father a call yesterday.

④make a telephone call to sb My friends often make a telephone call to me.

4.After its invention, traveling became faster and more comfortable.它发明后旅行变得更快更舒适了.

comfortable adj.舒适的,其比较级是more comfortable.

comfortably adv.舒适地uncomfortable adj.使人不舒服的

A home should be comfortable and friendly. 家应该让人感觉到舒适、亲切的.

5.In the early 19th century....在19世纪早期

century n.世纪(可数) in the+序数词+century 在…世纪

in the early 19th century = at the start of the 19th century. 在19世纪初

in the late 19th century = at the end of the 19th century. 在19世纪末

He was the most famous writer in the 19th.他是19世纪最著名的作家.

6.Alexander Graham Bell invented one of the first practical telephones in 1876.

Alexander Graham Bell在1876年发明了第一批可用的电话之一.

(1)invent v.发明invention n发明inventor v.发明

invent与discover invent发明指客观上没有，发明以前未曾有过的东西，如新发明的使用工具，

方法discover 发现指发现客观已存在，但是不为人知的东西或者事情；

Gilbert discovered electricity,but Edison invented the electric light bulb.

(2)practical adj.实用的拓展：practice 练习n practise 练习v

Our clothes are lightweight, fashionable and practical for holidays. 我们的服装轻便,时尚，并且很适合度假穿。

7.Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879.

爱迪生在1879年发明了第一批可用的电灯

develop v.发展,开发,研发We need to develop solar energy.我们需要开发太阳能。

拓展：development 发展n developed 发达的adj developing 发展中的adj 发达国家：a developed country 发展中国家：a developing country

8.They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.它们容许人们在任何时候，在任何地点彼此保持联系。

1)allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事allow doing是某人允许做某事

We don't allow smoking in our house. 在我们家里不容许吸烟。

They allow their children to go to the park.他们允许孩子们去公园。

2)keep in touch with sb=stay in touch with 和某人保持联系

Do you still keep in touch with your parents after you leave them?

你离开父母以后还经常与他们保持联系吗？

9.With light bulbs,people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime.用电灯,人们在晚上做和明天一样多的事情.

as many+复数名词+as one can 和…一样多的…

You can borrow as many books as he can.你可以和他借一样多的书.

10.The new cars made loud noises and frightened them.这些新汽车发出很大的噪音，让他们感到害怕。make noises意思是：发出噪音，弄出生音；也可以用make a noise

例如：不要弄出声音，你爸爸正在睡觉。Don’t make noises, your father is sleeping .

辨析：noise ，voice，sound

noise 指吵闹、喧哗声，往往是不和谐，不悦耳的声音

voice 多指人和动物的嗓音.

sound 指人所能听到的自然界中的一切声音

请不要在课堂上制造噪音。Please don’t make noises in class.

她经常小声说话。She often talks in a low voice.

在空气中光比声音传播的速度快。Light travels faster than sound in the air.

11. Keep the dust off your shoes.合你的鞋子远离灰尘.

keep off (使)不接近;远离Keep the children off.It's dangerous here! 别让孩子们靠近, 这儿危险!

12.The Kongming Lantern led to the invention of the hot-air balloon.孔明灯引起了热气球了发明.

lead to 导致，引起. The mistake led to a big fire.

lead sb to sp.带领某人去某地Please lead me to your school.

习题练习

一.英汉互译

1.in the early 19th century_______________

2.电灯泡__________________

3.in the daytime_____________________

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5c16809910.html,lions of __________________

5.each other_________________________

6.过更好的生活_________________

7.从那以后________________________ 8.与...保持联系___________________

9.想象做某事_______________________ 10.允许某人做某事________________

二.根据句意及首字母提示补全单词.

1. The coat costs ￥2,600. It’s too e_____________.

2.Can you tell me how to o_________ the washing machine?

3.A man is s____________ apples over there. Let’s buy some.

4.He saw an a_________ in the magazine.

5.That’s the f_________ joke I’ve ever heard.

6.Nowadays, young people like playing games with their mobile p________ .

7.They have c________ a new factory in the city.

8. What is the __________ （距离）from here to Shanghai?

9. --Will you take the trainers? --Of course. They are very __________.（舒服的）

10. We live in the twenty-first ___________.（世纪）

11. This bus can carry 40 __________. （乘客）

12.Miss Liu is very _________(受欢迎的) in our class.

13.You can ___________ (比较) the prices of the same product(产品) on the internet

14. You can’t see them in the _________ .（白天）

15. Thomas Edison __________ （研制）the first practical light bulb in 1897.

三.词形填空

1.Edison was famous for his _______________(invent).

2. In the early ___________(twenty) century, cars became popular.

3. They allow people _____________(keep) in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.

4. Today _____________(thousand) of people across the world come to China.

5. America is a _____________(develop) country.

6. Lucy is the______________(tall) of the two.

7. English is as ____________(important) as Chinese.

8. Can you walk ____________(far) than a young man?

9. This is the ___________(good) city that we have ever visited.

10.With light bulb, people can do as__________ (many) things in the evening as they can in the daytime.

11. Can you tell me the __________(distant) between your home and your school?

12. Great inventions help people live a better ________.(life)

13. Can you imagine _____________(live) without light bulbs?

四.同义词.

( ) 1.My new shoes feel comfortable, so I like wearing them.

A. hard

B. good

C. soft and nice

D. beautiful

( ) 2. Our company developed a new umbrella last month.

A. found

B. bought

C. created

D. sold

( ) 3. This story happened a century ago.

A. a hundred years

B. a few hundred years

C. a thousand years

D. thousands of years ( ) 4. Your invention is clever, but not practical.

A. nice

B. useful

C. useless

D. important

( ) 5. We can use solar power instead of petrol to make less pollution.

A. sad

B. amusing

C. unhappy

D. in place of

( ) 6. At the start of the 20th century, cars became popular.

A. beginning

B. end

C. middle

D. first

( ) 7. Since then, he has developed another bad habit.

A. at that moment

B. from then on

C. a few days ago

D. after a few days ( ) 8. Cars are not as fast as planes.

A. more fast than

B. faster than

C. more slow than

D. slower than

五.单项选择题.

( ) 1. -He is tired. Let me go __________.

-We will go there on foot__________ by bus.

A. instead of; instead

B. instead of; instead of

C. instead; instead

D. instead; instead of ( ) 2. – I think the wheel is a great invention.

-I agree with you. I can’t imagine ____________ without it.

A. to live

B. lived

C. living

D. live

( ) 3. The center of the city is about 10 miles __________ from the station, but her parents don’t live ________ away.

A. far; distant

B. far; far

C. distant; distant

D. distant; far

( ) 4. -With the card, you can take money out of the machine _____________.

-So it’s very convenient. I can go ____________to buy things with the card.

A. anytime; anywhere

B. anytime; somewhere

C. sometime; somewhere

D. sometime; anywhere

( ) 5. If there were no examinations, we should have _________ at school.

A. the happiest time

B. a more happier time

C. much happiest time

D. a much happier time ( ) 6 -Remember this, children. _________ careful you are, __________ mistakes you will make.

-We know, Miss Gao.

A. The more; the more

B. the fewer; the more

C. The more; the fewer

D. The less; the less ( ) 7. This question is___________ that one.

A. so easy as

B. as difficult as

C. much difficult than

D. less easier than ( ) 8. She isn’t so ___________ at math as you are.

A. well

B. good

C. better

D. best

( ) 9. This book is _____________ that one, but ________________ than that one.

A. as difficult as; expensive

B. as more difficult as; more expensive

C. as difficult as; more expensive

D. so more difficult as; as expensive

( ) 10. Before she went abroad, she spent__________ much time as she could __________ English.

A. as; to practise speaking

B. as; practising speaking

C. so; to practising speaking

D. so; practising to speak

六.完成句子.

1. 为了过上更好的生活，他决定买车。

To ________ ________ _________ _________, he decided to buy a car.

2. Lily 不喜欢在白天学习。

Lily does not like study _______ ________ _______.

3. 为了保持健康，你最好远离垃圾食品。

To keep healthy, you’d better _________ yourself _______ the junk food.

4. 从那以后，我们再也没有见过他了。_______ _______, we haven’t seen him.

5. 现在，人们都会用电子邮件相互保持联系。

Now, people use e-mails to ________ ________ ________ ________ each other.

6.你不可以同时做两件不同的事情。

You can’t do two different things ________ ________ ________ ________

7.因为他身体不舒服，所以我代替他去。

Because he didn’t feel well, I went there________ ________ him

8.在20世纪初，汽车变得流行起来。

_______ _______ ________ _______ _______,cars became popular.

七. 连词成句：

1. inventions, live, people, the, better, great, life, a, help

______________________________________________________________________________

2. traveling, more, the, make, wheels, faster, and, comfortable, become

______________________________________________________________________________

3. touch, millions, phones, people, of, world, today, each, across, with, mobile, in, the, use, to, other, keep ______________________________________________________________________________

4. than, writing, my, much, is, hand, Lily’s, worse

______________________________________________________________________________

5. told, English, at, story, the ,of, the, teacher, class, the, a, start

______________________________________________________________________________

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