轮机英语资料(最终版)
一、专业词汇翻译
1.连杆/活塞杆
2.二冲程柴油机
3.上止点/下止点
4.减速齿轮箱
5.冷却水套
6.气缸套
7.活塞裙/活塞环
8. 磨合期
9.船用锅炉10.曲柄销轴承11.吸气行程/压缩冲程12.循环泵
13.海水/淡水冷却系统14.指示功/效率15. 压缩比16. 扫气口/扫气箱
19.分油机/净油机20. 辅助风机21.进气阀/排气阀22. 涡轮增压器
23.正车与倒车24. 曲轴25.机架/气缸盖6直流扫气/回流扫气
27.示功阀/主起动阀28. 润滑油泵29.维护与检修30起动空气系统
二、缩写对应的英文与翻译
1、CCS；
2、WHRs/EEDI；
3、EGR/SCR；
4、LNG；
5、IMO；
6、BFP；
7、HFO/MDO
8、ECS/EGCS
三、英译汉
1．There are many types of watertube boilers in general use on board ship and each manufacturer has a variety of designs to offer depending upon requirements.The watertube boiler does however require greater skill in operating and maintaining，especially with regard to the purity of the feed water, and its upkeep is more costly than the firetube boiler.
2. Air supply is very important to perfect combustion of fuel oil in the diesel engine. As the air density determines the maximum weight of fuel that can be burnt per working stroke in the cylinder, it also determines the maximum power that can be developed by the engine.
3. In the cylinder, friction is mainly caused by the rub between the piston rings and the liner walls. The piston rings exert a varying pressure on the liner walls under conditions involving rapidly changing speed and reversal of direction of motion. Without sufficient lubrication, the pistons may run hot, seize or even break down.
4. The piston crown is of forged steel and is designed for intensive cooling, the central supporting body is of cast steel and is mainly subjected to compressive stress. A single piece piston skirt fitted with bronze rings guides the piston in the cylinder liner. The piston ring grooves for a standard engine are flame hardened against wear.
5．If the engine does start on air, but combustion does not immediately begin, the cause may be low compression, failure of the fuel pumps to discharge oil into the fuel valves or incorrect timing of fuel pumps. The engine may lose power or slow down when running. When this occurs, the first cause possible may be hot bearings and seizures of the pistons in the cylinders.Failure of the fuel supply to one or more cylinders may be another cause.
6．In the exhaust turbocharged engines the necessary scavenging is achieved by providing satisfactory pressure difference between the air manifold and the exhaust manifold. The air flow through the cylinder during the exhaust/scavenge overlap period has a valuable cooling effect; it helps to increase the volumetric efficiencyand to ensure a low cycle temperature and also to
obtain a relatively cooler exhaust imposed on the turbine blades.
四、汉译英
1. 在主机工作时，随着热负荷的增加，过高的排气背压将导致主机运行故障。
During working, excessive exhaust gas back pressure may lead to the main engine operating difficulties as the heat load increases.
2. 燃油在输入日用柜前，必须把油中的所有水分和其他杂质分离出来。
All the water and other impurities in the fuel oil must be removed before the oil is sent to the daily service tank.
3．发动机上装有调速器，它依靠调节燃油喷射量来调节发动机速度。
The engine is provided with a gov ernor which is designed to regulate the engine’s speed by adjusting the quantity of oil injected.
4．船舶柴油机可设计成以二冲程循环或四冲程循环工作，前者一般用于主推进系统，且不需要减速齿轮箱（主机转速低）.
5．最新大缸径二冲程MAN柴油机是G95MEC9系列，气缸数从5至12，每缸可以发出6870kW的功率。柴油机以80r/min运转，平均有效压力为21.0 bar，燃油消耗率为166g/kWh。
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圣诞来临，祝新年快乐，愿你时时刻刻幸福欢乐！ 08、Merry Christmas to the world’s best parents！ 祝世界上最好的父母圣诞快乐！ 09、My arms are wide open for you this Christmas。 我张开双臂，盼与你共度圣诞佳节。 10、You are the one for me this Christmas and for many Christmas to come。 在此圣诞节和未来的每个圣诞节里，你都是我唯一的爱！ 11、A Christmas greeting to cheer you from your daughters。 愿女儿的圣诞祝福带给你快乐。 12、Let’s never spend our Christmas apart。 让我们永不独享圣诞节。 13、Stars are shining。May Santa Claus come to you with joys and happiness。 星光闪烁，圣诞老人来到你的床前，将欢乐与祝福，洒满你的房间。 14、At Christmas and always，may peace and love fill your heart，beauty fill your world，and contentment and joy fill your days。 圣诞的祝福，平日的希冀，愿你心境祥和、充满爱意，愿你的世界全是美满，愿你一切称心如意，快乐无比。
小学六年级英语复习资料
三年级到六年级词汇 一、学习用品(school things) pen(钢笔) pencil(铅笔) pencil-case(铅笔盒) ruler(尺子) book(书) post card(明信片) comic book(漫画书) bag(包) newspaper(报 纸) schoolbag (书包) eraser(橡皮) crayon(蜡笔) sharpener(卷笔 刀) story-book(故事书) notebook(笔记本) Chinese book(语文书) English book(英语书) math book(数学书) magazine(杂志) dictionary(字典，词典) 二、人体（body） foot(脚) nose(鼻子) head(头) face(脸) hair(头 发) mouth(嘴) eye(眼睛) ear(耳朵) arm(手臂) hand(手) finger(手 指) leg(腿) tail(尾巴) 三、颜色（colours） colour(颜色) red(红) blue(蓝） yellow(黄) green(绿) white(白) black(黑) pink(粉红) purple(紫) orange(橙) brown(棕) 四、动物（animals） cat(猫) dog(狗) pig(猪) duck(鸭) rabbit(兔) horse(马) elephant(大象) fish(鱼) kangaroo(袋鼠) ant(蚂 蚁) bird(鸟) eagle(鹰) beaver(海狸) snake(蛇) mouse(老鼠) squirrel(松 鼠) monkey(猴) panda(熊猫) bear(熊) lion(狮子) tiger(老虎) fox(狐狸) zebra(斑马) deer(鹿) giraffe(长颈鹿) goose(鹅) hen(母鸡) turkey(火鸡) lamb(小 羊) sheep(绵羊) goat(山羊) cow(奶牛) donkey(驴) squid(鱿鱼) lobster(龙 虾) shark(鲨鱼) seal(海豹) sperm whale(抹香鲸) killer whale(虎鲸) 五、人物（people） friend(朋友) boy(男孩) girl(女孩) mother(母亲) father(父亲) sister(姐妹) brother(兄弟) uncle(叔叔，舅舅) mom(妈妈) grandpa/ grandfather(祖父，外祖父) man(男人) woman(女人) Mr(先生) Miss(小姐) lady(女士，小姐) dad(爸爸) parents(父母) grandma/ grandmother(祖母，外祖母) aunt(姑姑) cousin(堂表兄弟，堂表姐妹) son(儿子) baby(婴儿) kid(小孩) classmate(同学) queen(女王) visitor(参观者) neighbour(邻居) principal(校长) university student(大学生) pen pal(笔友) tourist(旅行者) people(人 物) robot(机器人) 六、职业（jobs） teacher(教师) student(学生) doctor(医生) nurse(护士) driver(司机) farmer(农民) singer(歌唱家) writer(作家) actor(男演员) actress(女演员) artist(画家) TV reporter(电视台记者) engineer(工程师) accountant(会计) policeman(警察) salesperson(销售员) cleaner(清洁工) baseball player(棒球运动员) assistant(售货员)
湘少版六年级上册英语复习资料1-12(自己整理)
湘少版六年级上册英语复习资料 Unit 1 What did you do during the holidays 描述过去发生的动作，动词要用过去式态。（yesterday, during the holidays, last year, last week…） 例如：A: What did you do during the holidays B: I learnt writing. I read many books. I practiced listening. I played games. 2.现在进行时：be动词（am, is , are）+动词-ing 例如：A: What are you reading B: I’m reading an English storybook. 3. a+辅音音素an+ 元音音素（Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu）in English 用英语 例如：Anne wrote a storybook in English during the holidays. to+ 代词宾格(me, you, him, her, us, them) 例如：Read it to us. Unit 2 Katie always gets up early.
在一般现在时中，当主语为第三人称单数时，动词要用第三人称单数形式。Katie always gets up early. Katie often does her homework before dinner. Katie sometimes plays chess with her father after dinner. Katie never takes a walk. on+ 天，at+时，in+月，季，年 weekdays, she always gets up 6:30 . She waves goodbye to her mother. She is never late for school. Unit 3 I like my computer. can+动词原形 A: What can we do on the computer B: We can email our friends on the computer. We can play games on the computer. We can search for a lot of things. We can send greetings to our friends. You can also find out about countries in the world. I saw an interesting bird in a book yesterday. Now I can search for a lot of things about it. It’s very fast. It will help you a lot. Peter’s father bought him a computer for his birthday.
九年级英语总复习资料
九年级英语总复习资料 一、被动语态： 1.总述：英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 1)主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 巧记为：主动、主动、主语去动。 例如：Many people speak English. 谓语speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 2)被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 巧记为：被动、被动、主语被动。 例如：English is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。 2.被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态的各种时态的构成。 ①一般现在时之被动语态的动词形态： am／is／are＋taught 现在被教 ②一般过去时之被动语态的动词形态： was／were＋taught 过去被教 ③一般将来时之被动语态的动词形态： will／shall be＋taught 将来被教 歌诀：被动语态be动词，体现时态是关键；过去分 词跟后面，被动语态才完全。 3.被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：Some computers were stolen last night. 昨晚，一些电脑被盗了。(不知道是谁偷的) The window was broken yesterday. 昨天，窗户被打破了。(不知道是谁打破的) This book was published in 1981. 这本书出版于1981年。（没必要说出执行者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：This book was written by him. 这本书是他写的。 Eight hours a day for sleep must be guaranteed. 应用歌诀：谁做动作不知道，说出谁做没必要； 动作受者要强调，被动语态运用到。 4.主动语态变被动语态的方法： (1)主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，是代词时， 改宾格为主格。 *(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来 主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，是 代词时，改主格为宾格。 例如：All the people laughed at him. =He was laughed at by all the people. They make the bikes in the factory. =The bikes are made by them in the factory. 歌诀：宾变主语主变宾，by宾短语随后跟。关键谓 语动词动，be和“过分”来使用。 5.含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词 ＋be＋过去分词”构成。 歌诀：情态动词变被动，要牢记住三部分，情态加 be加“过分”。 例如：We can repair this watch in two days. = This watch can be repaired by us in two days. You ought to take it away. =It ought to be taken away by you. They should do it at once. = It should be done by them at once.
关于圣诞节的英语手抄报资料
关于圣诞节的英语手抄报资料 Christmas, annual Christian holiday commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ. Most members of the Roman Catholic Church and followers of Protestantism celebrate Christmas on December 25, and many celebrate on the evening of December 24 as well. Members of the Eastern Orthodox Church usually delay their most important seasonal ceremonies until January 6, when they celebrate Epiphany, a commemoration of the baptism of Jesus. Epiphany also traditionally commemorates the arrival of the Three Wise Men of the East in Bethlehem (near Jerusalem, Israel), where they adored the infant Jesus and presented him with gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh. The official Christmas season, popularly known as either Christmastide or the Twelve Days of Christm as, extends from the anniversary of Christ’s birth on December 25 to the feast of Epiphany on January 6. 圣诞节：2016年12月25日，农历十一月二十七日，星期天 圣诞节习俗中英文介绍 Christmas is one of the most beautiful holidays of all time. It is the day when God's son was born on earth. Hence, this day is sacred for all Christians around the world. The Christmas season gives rise to a number of Christmas traditions that come along. Here are a few of them that are celebrated with zest and enthusiasm worldwide for centuries. 圣诞节一直是个美好的节日。这是上帝之子诞生的日子，因此对世界各地的基督徒来说，这一天是非常神圣的。圣诞季节自然少不了各种圣诞传统。下面这些传统，可是几个世纪以来一直世界各地的人们一直热闹欢庆的习俗。 On this day, many go to church, where they take part in special religious services. During the Christmas season, they also exchange gifts and decorate their homes with holly, mistletoe, and Christmas trees. 圣诞节当天，许多人会去教堂，在圣诞节，他们还会交换礼物，及用冬青、榭寄生和圣诞树来装饰自己的家。 Preparation of the Christmas cake 烘烤圣诞蛋糕 This was an English tradition which started centuries ago. On Christmas eve, plum porridge was served to the people. As years passed, various other things like dry fruits, honey and spices were used. Soon this porridge got replaced with the Christmas cake. Christmas cakes are made using eggs, butter, confections, fruits, etc. Today a Christmas cake is an integral part of a Christmas menu. 这项英式传统早在几个世纪以前就流传开了，以前人们在平安夜喝梅花粥。随着时间慢慢推移，人们还会享用果脯、蜂蜜及香料食物等，随后圣诞蛋糕便代替梅花粥出现了。圣诞蛋糕由鸡蛋、黄油、甜点、水果等烘制而成。现如今，圣诞蛋糕已成为圣诞菜谱不可或缺的一部分。 Decorating the Christmas tree 装扮圣诞树 This refers to the tradition of decorating a pine tree using lights, tinsels, garlands, ornaments, candy canes, etc. Today, a Christmas tree is an indispensable part of Christmas celebration. 这个传统指的是用彩灯、金箔、花环、饰品、糖果条等装扮松树。现如今，圣诞树也是欢庆节日不可或缺的一部分。 Lighting up the Christmas candle 点燃圣诞蜡烛