全新版大学英语综合教程1 原文对照翻译 课后翻译 选词填空答案及翻译(1)

课文对照翻译

Unit 1 Growing UP

Part Text A Writing for Myself Ⅱ

When we are writing we are often told to keep our readers in mind, to shape what we say to fit their tastes and interests. But there is one reader in particular who should not be forgotten. Can you guess who? Russell Baker surprised himself and everyone else when he discovered the answer.我们写作时常常被告诫，脑子里要有读者，笔者所云一定要符合读者的口味和兴趣。但有一位读者特别不该忘记。你能猜出是谁吗？当拉塞尔·贝克找到这个问题的答案时，他自己和别人都感到大为惊讶。Writing for Myself

Russell Baker

1 The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn't until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. Until then I've been bored by everything associated with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult. I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.

为自己而写

拉塞尔·贝克

从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断

续续地转着当作家的念头，

但直等到我高中三年级，这

一想法才有了实现的可能。

在这之前，我对所有跟英文

课沾边的事都感到腻味。我

觉得英文语法枯燥难懂。我

痛恨那些长而乏味的段落

写作，老师读着受累，我写

着痛苦。

2 When our class was

assigned to Mr. Fleagle for

third-year English I

anticipated another

cheerless year in that most

tedious of subjects. Mr.

Fleagle had a reputation

among students for dullness

and inability to inspire. He

was said to be very formal,

rigid and hopelessly out of

date. To me he looked to be

sixty or seventy and

excessively prim. He wore

primly severe eyeglasses,his

wavy hair was primly cut and

primly combed. He wore

prim suits with neckties set

primly against the collar

buttons of his white shirts.

He had a primly pointed jaw,

a primly straight nose, and a

prim manner of speaking

that was so correct, so

gentlemanly, that he

seemed a comic antique.

弗利格尔先生接我们的高

三英文课时，我就准备着在

这门最最单调乏味的课上

再熬上沉闷的一年。弗利格

尔先生在学生中以其说话

干巴和激励学生无术而出

名。据说他拘谨刻板，完全

落后于时代。我看他有六七

十岁了，古板之极。他戴着

古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微

微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳

得纹丝不乱。他身穿古板的

套装，领带端端正正地顶着

白衬衣的领扣。他长着古板

的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，

说起话来一本正经，字斟句

酌，彬彬有礼，活脱脱一个

滑稽的老古董。

3 I prepared for an unfruitful

year with Mr. Fleagle and for

a long time was not

disappointed. Late in the

year we tackled the informal

essay. Mr. Fleagle

distributed a homework

sheet offering us a choice of

topics. None was quite so

simple-minded as "What I

Did on My Summer

Vacation," but most seemed

to be almost as dull. I took

the list home and did

nothing until the night

before the essay was due.

Lying on the sofa, I finally

faced up to the unwelcome

task, took the list out of my

notebook, and scanned it.

The topic on which my eye

stopped was "The Art of

Eating Spaghetti." 我作好

准备，打算在弗利格尔先生

的班上一无所获地混上一

年，不少日子过去了，还真

不出所料。后半学期我们学

写随笔小品文。弗利格尔先

生发下一张家庭作业纸，出

了不少题目供我们选择。像

"暑假二三事"那样傻乎乎的

题目倒是一个也没有，但绝

大多数一样乏味。我把作文

题带回家，一直没写，直到

要交作业的前一天晚上。我躺在沙发上，最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课，便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗一看。我的目光落在"吃意大利细面条的艺术"这个题目上。

4 This title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images. Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in Belleville when all of us were seated around the supper table ─ Uncle Allen,my mother, Uncle Charlie, Doris, Uncle Hal ─ and Aunt Pat served spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was still a little known foreign dish in those days. Neither Doris nor I had ever eaten spaghetti,and none of the adults had enough experience to be good at it. All the good humor of Uncle Allen's house reawoke in my mind as I recalled the laughing arguments we had that night about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. 这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来，当时，我们大家一起围坐在晚餐桌旁── 艾伦舅舅、我母亲、查理舅舅、多丽丝、哈尔舅舅── 帕特舅妈晚饭做的是意大利细面条。那时意大利细面条还是很少听说的异国食品。多丽丝和我都还从来没吃过，在座的大人也是经验不足，没

有一个吃起来得心应手的。

艾伦舅舅家诙谐有趣的场

景全都重现在我的脑海中，

我回想起来，当晚我们笑作

一团，争论着该如何地把面

条从盘子上送到嘴里才算

合乎礼仪。

5 Suddenly I wanted to write

about that, about the

warmth and good feeling of

it, but I wanted to put it

down simply for my own joy,

not for Mr. Fleagle. It was a

moment I wanted to

recapture and hold for

myself. I wanted to relive

the pleasure of that evening.

To write it as I wanted,

however,would violate all

the rules of formal

composition I'd learned in

school, and Mr. Fleagle

would surely give it a failing

grade. Never mind. I would

write something else for Mr.

Fleagle after I had written

this thing for myself.突然我

就想描述那一切，描述当时

那种温馨美好的气氛，但我

把它写下来仅仅是想自得

其乐，而不是为弗利格尔先

生而写。那是我想重新捕捉

并珍藏在心中的一个时刻。

我想重温那个夜晚的愉快。

然而，照我希望的那样去

写，就会违反我在学校里学

的正式作文的种种法则，弗

利格尔先生也肯定会打它

一个不及格。没关系。等我

为自己写好了之后，我可以

再为弗利格尔先生写点什

么别的东西。

6 When I finished it the night

was half gone and there was

no time left to compose a

proper, respectable essay

for Mr. Fleagle. There was

no choice next morning but

to turn in my tale of the

Belleville supper. Two days

passed before Mr. Fleagle

returned the graded papers,

and he returned everyone's

but mine. I was preparing

myself for a command to

report to Mr. Fleagle

immediately after school for

discipline when I saw him lift

my paper from his desk and

knock for the class's

attention.等我写完时已是

半夜时分，再没时间为弗利

格尔先生写一篇循规蹈矩、

像模像样的文章了。第二天

上午，我别无选择，只好把

我为自己而写的贝尔维尔

晚餐的故事交了上去。两天

后弗利格尔先生发还批改

过的作文，他把别人的都发

了，就是没有我的。我正准

备着遵命一放学就去弗利

格尔先生那儿挨训，却看见

他从桌上拿起我的作文，敲

了敲桌子让大家注意听。

7 "Now, boys," he said. "I

want to read you an essay.

This is titled, 'The Art of

Eating Spaghetti.'" "好了，孩

子们，"他说。"我要给你们

念一篇小品文。文章的题目

是：吃意大利细面条的艺

术。"

8 And he started to read. My

words! He was reading my

words out loud to the entire

class. What's more, the

entire class was listening.

Listening attentively. Then somebody laughed, then the entire class was laughing, and not in contempt and ridicule, but with open-hearted enjoyment. Even Mr. Fleagle stopped two or three times to hold back a small prim smile.于是他开始念了。是我写的！他给全班大声念我写的文章。更不可思议的是，全班同学都在听着他念，而且听得很专心。有人笑出声来，接着全班都笑了，不是轻蔑嘲弄，而是乐乎乎地开怀大笑。就连弗利格尔先生也停顿了两三次，好抑制他那一丝拘谨的微笑。

9 I did my best to avoid showing pleasure, but what I was feeling was pure delight at this demonstration that my words had the power to make people laugh. In the eleventh grade, at the eleventh hour as it were, I had discovered a calling. It was the happiest moment of my entire school career. When Mr. Fleagle finished he put the final seal on my happiness by saying, "Now that, boys, is an essay, don't you see. It's ─ don't you see ─ it's of the very essence of the essay, don't you see. Congratulations, Mr. Baker." 我尽力不流露出得意的心情，但是看到我写的文章竟然能使别人大笑，我真是心花怒放。就在十一年级，可谓是最后的时刻，我找到了一个今生想做的事。这是我整个求学生涯中最幸福的

一刻。弗利格尔先生念完后

说道："瞧，孩子们，这就

是小品文，懂了没有。这才

是── 知道吗── 这才是

小品文的精髓，知道了没

有。祝贺你，贝克先生。"

他这番话使我沉浸在十全

十美的幸福之中。

Unit 2 Friendship

Part Text A A all The

Cabbie Had Was A Letter

Ⅱ

How do you feel when old

friends are far away? Do you

make an effort to keep in

touch?Sometimes it is easy

to put off writing a letter,

thinking that there will be

plenty of time tomorrow.

But then sometimes, as this

story shows, we leave it too

late. Perhaps reading it will

make you want to reach for

your pen.老朋友天各一方，

你心有何感？你是否努力

保持联系？有时候写信的

事很容易会一拖再拖，总以

为明天有的是时间。然而，

正如这则故事所表明的，有

时我们拖得太晚了。也许读

一读这个故事会让你提起

笔来。

All the Cabbie Had Was a

Letter

Foster Furcolo

1 He must have been

completely lost in something

he was reading because I

had to tap on the

windshield to get his

attention.出租车司机拥有

的就剩一封信福斯

特·弗克洛

他准是完全沉浸在所读的

东西里了，因为我不得不敲

挡风玻璃来引起他的注意。

2 "Is your cab available?" I

asked when he finally looked

up at me. He nodded, then

said apologetically as I

settled into the back seat,

"I'm sorry, but I was reading

a letter." He sounded as if he

had a cold or something.

他总算抬头看我了。“你出

车吗？”我问道。他点点头，

当我坐进后座时，他抱歉地

说：“对不起，我在读一封

信。”听上去他像是得

3 "I'm in no hurry," I told

him. "Go ahead and finish

your letter."“我不着急，”我

对他说，“你接着把信读完

吧。”

4 He shook his head. "I've

read it several times already.

I guess I almost know it by

heart." 他摇了摇头。“我已

经读了好几遍了。我想我都

能背出来了。”

5 "Letters from home always

mean a lot," I said. "At least

they do with me because I'm

on the road so much." Then,

estimating that he was 60 or

70 years old, I guessed:

"From a child or maybe a

grandchild?" “家书抵万金

啊，”我说。“至少对我来说

是这样，因为我老是在外旅

行。”我估量他有六七十岁

了，便猜测说：“是孩子还

是孙子写来的？”

6 "This isn't family," he

replied. "Although," he went

on, "come to think of it, it

might just as well have been family. Old Ed was my oldest friend. In fact, we used to call each other 'Old Friend' ─ when we'd meet, that is. I'm not much of a hand at writing." “不是家里人，”他回答说。“不过，”他接着说，“想起来，也可以算是一家人了。埃德老伙计是我最老的朋友了。实际上，过去我俩总是以‘老朋友’相称的——就是说，当我俩相见时。我这人就是不大会写东西。”

7 "I don't think any of us keep up our correspondence too well," I said. "I know I don't. But I take it he's someone you've known quite a while?"“我看大家写信都不那么勤快，”我说，“我自己笔头就很懒。我看，你认识他挺久了吧？”

8 "All my life, practically. We were kids together, so we go way back."“差不多认识了一辈子了。我俩小时候就一起玩，所以我俩的友谊确实很长了。”

9 "Went to school together?"“一起上的学？”

10 "All the way through high school. We were in the same class, in fact, through both grade and high school."“都一起上到高中呢。事实上，我俩从小学到高中都在一个班里。”

11 "There are not too many people who've had such a long friendship," I said. “保持这么长久友谊的人可真不多见啊，”我说。12 "Actually," the driver

went on, "I hadn't seen him

more than once or twice a

year over the past 25 or 30

years because I moved away

from the old neighborhood

and you kind of lose touch

even though you never

forget. He was a great guy."

“其实呢，”司机接着说，“近

25 到30 年来，我跟他一

年只见一两次面，因为我从

原来住的老街坊搬了出来，

联系自然就少了，虽说你一

直放在心上。他在的时候可

真是个大好人。”

13 "You said 'was'. Does that

mean ─?"“你刚才说他‘在的

时候’。你是说——？”

14 He nodded. "Died a

couple of weeks ago."他点

了点头。“前两个星期过世

啦。”

15 "I'm sorry," I said. "It's no

fun to lose any friend ─ and

losing a real old one is even

tougher." “真遗憾，”我说，

“失去朋友真不是个滋味，

失去个真正的老朋友更让

人受不了。”

16 He didn't reply to that,

and we rode on in silence for

a few minutes. But I realized

that Old Ed was still on his

mind when he spoke again,

almost more to himself than

to me: "I should have kept in

touch. Yes," he repeated, "I

should have kept in touch."

他开着车，没有接话儿。我

们沉默了几分钟。可我知道

他还在想着老埃德。他又开

口时，与其说是跟我说话，

还不如说是自言自语：“我

真该一直保持联系。真的，”

他重复道，“我真该一直保

持联系。”

17 "well," I agreed, "We

should all keep in touch with

old friends more than we do.

But things come up and we

just don't seem to find the

ti me."“是啊，”我表示赞同，

“我们都该与老朋友保持更

多的联系。不过总是有事情

冒出来，好像就是抽不出空

来。”

18 He shrugged. "We used

to find the time," he said.

"That's even mentioned in

the letter." He handed it

over to me. "Take a look."

他耸了耸肩。“我们过去总

能抽出空来，”他说。“信里

还提到呢。”他把信递给我，

“你看看吧。”

19 "Thanks," I said, "but I

don't want to read your mail.

That's pretty personal."

“谢谢你，”我说，“不过我不

想读你的信。这纯属私事。”

20 The driver shrugged. "Old

Ed's dead. There's nothing

personal now. Go ahead," he

urged me. 司机耸一耸肩。

“老埃德人都死了。没什么

私事不私事了。念吧，”他

催促说。

21 The letter was written in

pencil. It began with the

greeting "Old Friend,"and

the first sentence reminded

me of myself. I've been

meaning to write for some

time, but I've always

postponed it. It then went

on to say that he often

thought about the good

times they had had together when they both lived in the same neighborhood. It had references to things that probably meant something to the driver, such as the time Tim Shea broke the window, the Halloween that we tied Old Mr. Parker's gate, and when Mrs. Culver used to keep us after school.信是用铅笔写的。称呼写着“老朋友”，而开头第一句话让我想到自己。“早就想写信了，可就是一拖再拖。” 信里接着写道，他常常回想从前两人住在一个街坊时的快乐时光。信里提到些事，可能对司机很重要，比如“那次蒂姆·谢打破窗子，那年万圣节前夕，我们把老帕克先生的大门拴了起来，还有卡尔弗太太老是在放学后把咱俩留下训斥的那阵子”。

22 "You must have spent a lot of time together," I said to him.“你们俩准是在一起度过了不少时光，”我对他说。

23 "Like it says there," he answered, "about all we had to spend in those days was time." He shook his head: "Time." “就跟信里写的那样，”他回答说，“我俩在那个时候能花的只有时间。”他摇头叹道：“时间啊。”

24 I thought the next paragraph of the letter was a little sad: I began the letter with "Old Friend" because that's what we've become over the years ─ old friends. And there aren't

many of us left.信里接下来

的那段我觉得有点凄凉：

“信的开头我写着‘老朋友’，

因为这么多年来，我们这对

老朋友渐渐都老了。我们这

些人当中留下的也不多

了。”

25 "You know," I said to him,

"When it says here that

there aren't many of us left,

that's absolutely right. Every

time I go to a class reunion,

for example, there are fewer

and fewer still around."“你

要知道，”我对他说，“信里

说我们这些人当中留下的

不多了，说得一点不错。比

如说，每次我去参加老同学

聚会，来的人总是越来越

少。”

26 "Time goes by," the driver

said.“时间不饶人啊，”司机

说。

27 "Did you two work at the

same place?" I asked

him.“你们俩以前在一起工

作吗？”我问他。

28 "No, but we hung out on

the same corner when we

were single. And then, when

we were married, we used

to go to each other's house

every now and then. But for

the last 20 or 30 years it's

been mostly just Christmas

cards. Of course there'd be

always a note we'd each add

to the cards─ usually some

news about our families, you

know, what the kids were

doing, who moved where, a

new grandchild, things like

that ─ but never a real letter

or anything like that." “不，

不过没成家时我俩总在一

起闲荡。后来，两人都成了

家，就不时相互串门。可最

近这二三十年来，主要就是

寄寄圣诞卡了。当然，我俩

都总在卡上写几句——通

常是关于各自家里的情况，

不是吗，孩子们在干些什

么，谁搬到哪儿，添了个小

孙子，都是这类事——可

一直都没正儿八经地写过

信什么的。”

29 "This is a good part here,"

I said. "Where it says Your

friendship over the years has

meant an awful lot to me,

more than I can say because

I'm not good at saying things

like that."I found myself

nodding in agreement. "That

must have made you feel

good, didn't it?" “这一处写

得好，”我说，“这里写道：

‘你多年的友谊对我非常重

要，远比我能说出来的重要

得多，因为我不擅长说这样

的话。’”我颔首称是。“这话

准让你听着开心，是吧？”

30 The driver said something

that I couldn't understand

because he seemed to be all

choked up,so I continued: "I

know I'd like to receive a

letter like that from my

oldest friend."

司机说了句什么，可我没听

明白，因为他似乎哽噎得厉

害。于是我接着说：“我也

真想收到这样一封老朋友

的来信。”

31 We were getting close to

our destination so I skipped

to the last paragraph. So I

thought you'd like to know that I was thinking of you. And it was signed, Your Old Friend, Tom.

我们快到目的地了，于是我跳到最后一段。“因此我想你一定想知道我惦记着你。”信末署名：“老朋友汤姆”。

32 I handed back the letter as we stopped at my hotel. "Enjoyed talking with you,"I said as I took my suitcase out of the cab. Tom? The letter was signed Tom?

我们在我的旅店前停下，我把信递了回去。“很高兴能和你聊聊，”我将衣箱从车上提下时说。汤姆？信的署名是汤姆？

33 "I thought your friend's name was Ed," I said. "Why did he sign it Tom?"“我记得你朋友叫埃德，”我说，“为什么他署名汤姆呢？”

34 "The letter was not from Ed to me," he explained. "I'm Tom. It's a letter I wrote to him before I knew he'd died. So I never mailed it." “这封信不是汤姆写给我的，”他解释说，“我是汤姆。这是我在得知他去世前写给他的信。所以我一直没寄出。”

35 He looked sort of sorrowful, or as if he were trying to see something in the distance. "I guess I should have written it sooner."他神情有点悲伤，似乎想看清远处什么东西。“我想我真该早些写这封信。”36 When I got to my hotel

room I didn't unpack right

away. First I had to write a

letter─and mail it.我进了旅

馆房间之后，没有马上打开

箱包。首先我得写封信——

而且要寄出去。

Unit 3 Understanding

Science

Part Text A A Public

Attitudes Toward Science

Ⅱ

Professor Hawking thinks it

important to keep

everybody in touch with

what science is about. In this

article he explains why.

霍金教授认为使每个人都

了解科学是干什么的非常

重要。在这篇文章中，他对

其中的缘由作了解释。

Public Attitudes Toward

Science

Stephen Hawking

1 Whether we like it or not,

the world we live in has

changed a great deal in the

last hundred years,and it is

likely to change even more

in the next hundred. Some

people would like to stop

these changes and go back

to what they see as a purer

and simpler age. But as

history shows, the past was

not that wonderful. It was

not so bad for a privileged

minority, though even they

had to do without modern

medicine, and childbirth was

highly risky for women. But

for the vast majority of the

population, life was nasty,

brutish, and short.

公众科学观斯蒂芬·霍金

无论我们是否愿意，我们生

活的世界在过去一百年间

已经变化了许多，而且在未

来的一百年里可能变化更

多。有人想中止这种种变

化，回到那个他们认为更纯

洁更朴素的时代。但正如历

史所表明的，过去并非那么

美妙。过去对享有特权的少

数人不算太糟，但即便他们

也无从享受现代医疗，而生

育对妇女来说风险极大。对

占人口大多数的民众而言，

生活是艰难、残忍而又短暂

的。

2 Anyway, even if one

wanted to, one couldn't put

the clock back to an earlier

age. Knowledge and

techniques can't just be

forgotten. Nor can one

prevent further advances in

the future. Even if all

government money for

research were cut off (and

the present government is

doing its best), the force of

competition would still bring

about advances in

technology. Moreover, one

cannot stop inquiring minds

from thinking about basic

science, whether or not they

are paid for it. The only way

to prevent further

developments would be a

global state that suppressed

anything new, and human

initiative and inventiveness

are such that even this

wouldn't succeed. All it

would do is slow down the rate of change.

不管怎样，即使有人想这么做，他也无法将时钟拨回到早先的时代。知识与技术不可能说忘就忘了。也没有人能阻止未来的进一步发展。即使所有用于研究的政府资金都被取消（现政府最擅此事），竞争的力量仍将继续带来技术的发展。更何况，没有人能阻止探究求索之士去思索基础科学，无论他们是否会为此得到酬劳。惟一能阻止进一步发展的办法或许是一个压制任何新事物的全球政府，但人类的进取心与创造力如此旺盛，即便这个政府也不会成功。它所能做到的只是延缓变化的速度。

3 If we accept that we cannot prevent science and technology from changing our world, we can at least try to ensure that the changes they make are in the right directions. In a democratic society,this means that the public needs to have a basic understanding of science, so that it can make informed decisions and not leave them in the hands of experts. At the moment, the public is in two minds about science. It has come to expect the steady increase in the standard of living that new developments in science and technology have brought to continue, but it also distrusts science because it doesn't understand it. This distrust is

evident in the cartoon figure

of the mad scientist working

in his laboratory to produce

a Frankenstein. It is also an

important element behind

support for the Green

parties. But the public also

has a great interest in

science, particularly

astronomy, as is shown by

the large audiences for

television series such as The

Sky at Night and for science

fiction.

如果我们承认，我们无法阻

止科学技术改变我们的世

界，我们至少可以努力确保

科技带来的变化方向正确。

在一个民主社会里，这意味

着公众需要对科学有一个

基本的了解，从而可以作出

明达的决定，而不是把决定

留给专家去作。目前，公众

对科学存有矛盾之心。公众

期望科技新发展带来的生

活水准的稳定提高能继续，

但又怀疑科学，因为他们不

懂科学。那个在实验室里设

法制造弗兰肯斯泰因的疯

狂的科学家的卡通人物清

楚地体现了公众的这种怀

疑。这也是人们之所以支持

各种绿色组织的一个重要

因素。但公众同时也对科学

深感兴趣，尤其是对天文

学，诸如《夜空》之类的电

视连续剧观众不少以及科

幻小说读者甚多就是明证。

4 What can be done to

harness this interest and

give the public the scientific

background it needs to make

informed decisions on

subjects like acid rain, the

greenhouse effect, nuclear

weapons,and genetic

engineering? Clearly, the

basis must lie in what is

taught in schools. But in

schools science is often

presented in a dry and

uninteresting manner.

Children learn it by rote to

pass examinations, and they

don't see its relevance to the

world around them.

Moreover, science is often

taught in terms of equations.

Although equations are a

brief and accurate way of

describing mathematical

ideas, they frighten most

people. When I wrote a

popular book recently, I was

advised that each equation I

included would halve the

sales. I included one

equation, Einstein's famous

equation, E=mc 2 . Maybe I

would have sold twice as

many copies without it.

怎么样才能利用这种兴趣，

向公众提供所需要的科学

知识，以便其在酸雨、温室

效应、核武器以及基因工程

等问题上作出明达的决定

呢？显然，必须把基础建立

在学校课程上。但在学校

里，科学往往被教得枯燥乏

味。孩子们死记硬背应付考

试，他们看不出科学与他们

的周围世界的联系。更有甚

者，科学常常是用公式来教

的。虽然公式是阐述数学概

念的一种简单而精确的方

式，它们却使大多数人望而

生畏。前不久我写了一本通

俗读物，当时有人告诫我说，我每使用一个公式就会使销量减半。我只使用了一个公式，即爱因斯坦那个著名的公式，E=mc 2 。如果不用这个公式的话，也许我能多卖出一倍的书。

5 Scientists and engineers tend to express their ideas in the form of equations because they need to know the precise values of quantities. But for the rest of us, a qualitative grasp of scientific concepts is sufficient, and this can be conveyed by words and diagrams, without the use of equations. 科学家和工程师倾向于用公式阐述观点，因为他们需要知道量的精确值。但对我们其余的人来说，对科学概念有个质的认识就已足够，这可以用文字和图表来表述，大可不必使用公式。

6 The science people learn in school can provide the basic framework. But the rate of scientific progress is now so rapid that there are always new developments that have occurred since one was at school or university. I never learned about molecular biology or transistors at school, but genetic engineering and computers are two of the developments most likely to change the way we live in the future. Popular books and magazine articles about science can help to put across new

developments,but even the

most successful popular

book is read by only a small

proportion of the population.

Only television can reach a

truly mass audience. There

are some very good science

programmes on TV,but

others present scientific

wonders simply as magic,

without explaining them or

showing how they fit into

the framework of scientific

ideas. Producers of

television science

programmes should realize

that they have a

responsibility to educate the

public, not just entertain it.

人们在学校学到的科学知

识可以提供一个基本的框

架。但如今科学进步的速度

如此之快，一个人离开学校

或大学后新的发展层出不

穷。我在学校从未学过分子

生物学或晶体管，但基因工

程和计算机是极有可能改

变我们未来生活的两项发

展。有关科学的通俗读物和

杂志文章能帮助人们了解

新发展，但即使是最畅销的

科普读物也只有一小部分

人阅读。只有电视能赢得真

正广大的观众。电视上有一

些相当优秀的科学节目，但

其他的节目把科学奇迹简

单地作为魔术播出，既不加

以说明，也不展现它们与科

学观念的整体框架的关系。

电视科学节目的制片人应

该认识到，他们负有教育民

众的重任，而不仅仅是为他

们提供娱乐。

7 The world today is filled

with dangers, hence the sick

joke that the reason we have

not been contacted by an

alien civilization is that

civilizations tend to destroy

themselves when they reach

our stage. But I have

sufficient faith in the good

sense of the public to

believe that we might prove

this wrong. 当今世界充满

危险，因此就有了那个令人

毛骨悚然的玩笑，说我们尚

未受到外星文明造访的原

因在于：但凡文明发展到我

们目前的程度，它们往往就

自我毁灭了。然而我对公众

的明智充满信心，因而相

信，我们将证明这一说法是

错误的。

Unit 4 American Dream

Part Text A A Tonh

Trivisonno's American

Dream Ⅱ

The American Dream means

different things to different

people. But for many,

particularly immigrants, it

means the opportunity to

make a better life for

themselves. For them the

dream is that talent and

hard work can take you from

log cabin to White House.

Tony Trivisonno did not rise

quite so high, yet he

managed to make his own

dream come true.

美国梦对不同的人有不同

的意义。但对许多人，尤其

是对移民而言，它意味着改

善自己生活的机会。对于他

们，美国梦的含义就是才能与勤劳能让你从小木屋走向白宫。托尼·特里韦索诺并没有爬到那么高，但他成功地使自己的梦想成真。Tony Trivisonno 's American Dream

Frederick C. Crawford

1 He came from a rocky farm in Italy, somewhere south of Rome. How or when he got to America,I don't know. But one evening I found him standing in the driveway, behind my garage. He was about five-foot-seven or eight, and thin.

托尼·特里韦索诺的美国梦弗雷德里克·C·克罗弗德

他来自意大利罗马以南某地一个满地石子的农庄。他什么时候怎么到美国的，我不清楚。不过，有天晚上，我看到他站在我家车库后面的车道上。他身高五英尺

七、八左右，人很瘦。

2 "I mow your lawn," he said. It was hard to comprehend his broken English.“我割你的草坪，”他说。他那结结巴巴的英语很难听懂。

3 I asked him his name. "Tony Trivisonno," he replied. "I mow your lawn." I told Tony that I couldn't afford a gardener. 我问他叫什么名字。“托尼·特里韦索诺，”他回答说，“我割你的草坪。”我对托尼讲，本人雇不起园丁。

4 "I mow your lawn," he said again, then walked away. I went into my house unhappy. Yes, these Depression days were

difficult, but how could I

turn away a person who had

come to me for help? “我割

你的草坪，”他又说道，随

后便走开了。我走进屋子，

心里有点不快。没错，眼下

这大萧条的日子是不好过，

可我怎么能把一个上门求

助的人就这么打发走呢？

5 When I got home from

work the next evening, the

lawn had been mowed, the

garden weeded,and the

walks swept. I asked my wife

what had happened. 等我

第二天晚上下班回到家，草

坪已修整过了，花园除了

草，人行道也清扫过了。我

便问太太是怎么回事。

6 "A man got the lawn

mower out of the garage

and worked on the yard,"

she answered. "I assumed

you had hired him." “有个人

把割草机从汽车库里推出

来就在院子里忙活起来，”

她回答说，“我还以为是你

雇他来的。”

7 I told her of my experience

the night before. We

thought it strange that he

had not asked for pay.我就

把前晚的事跟她说了。我俩

都觉得奇怪，他怎么没提出

要工钱。

8 The next two days were

busy, and I forgot about

Tony. We were trying to

rebuild our business and

bring some of our workers

back to the plants. But on

Friday, returning home a

little early, I saw Tony again,

behind the garage. I

complimented him on the

work he had done. 接下来

的两天挺忙，我把托尼的事

给忘了。我们在尽力重整业

务，要让一部分工人回厂里

来。但在星期五，回家略微

早了些，我又在汽车库后面

看到了托尼。我对他干的活

夸奖了几句。

9 "I mow your lawn," he said.

“我割你的草坪，”他说。

10 I managed to work out

some kind of small weekly

pay, and each day Tony

cleaned up the yard and

took care of any little tasks.

My wife said he was very

helpful whenever there

were any heavy objects to

lift or things to fix. 我设法

凑了一小笔微薄的周薪，就

这样托尼每天清扫院子，有

什么零活，他都干了。我太

太说，但凡有重物要搬或有

什么要修理的，他挺派得上

用场。

11 Summer passed into fall,

and winds blew cold. "Mr.

Craw, snow pretty soon,"

Tony told me one evening.

"When winter come, you

give me job clearing snow at

the factory."

夏去秋来，凉风阵阵。“克

罗先生，快下雪了，”有天

晚上托尼跟我说，“等冬天

到了，你让我在厂里干扫雪

的活。”

12 Well, what do you do

with such determination and

hope? Of course, Tony got

his job at the factory.啊，对

这种执着与期盼，你又能怎

样呢？自然，托尼得到了厂里的那份活儿。

13 The months passed. I asked the personnel department for a report. They said Tony was a very good worker.几个月过去了。我让人事部门送上一份报告。他们说托尼干得挺棒。

14 One day I found Tony at our meeting place behind the garage. "I want to be 'prentice," he said. 一天我在汽车库后面我们以前见面的地方看到了托尼。“我想学徒，”他说。

15 We had a pretty good apprentice school that trained laborers. But I doubted whether Tony had the capacity to read blueprints and micrometers or do precision work. Still, how could I turn him down? 我们有个挺不错的培训工人的徒工学校。可我怀疑托尼是否有能力学会看图纸、用千分尺，是否胜任做精密加工工作。尽管如此，可我怎么能拒绝他呢？

16 Tony took a cut in pay to become an apprentice. Months later, I got a report that he had graduated as a skilled grinder. He had learned to read the millionths of an inch on the micrometer and to shape the grinding wheel with an instrument set with a diamond. My wife and I were delighted with what we felt was a satisfying end of the story.

托尼减了薪水当了徒工。几

个月之后，我收到报告，他

已从徒工学校毕业，成了熟

练磨工。他学会了在千分尺

上辨识一百万分之一英寸，

会用镶嵌着金刚石的工具

制作砂轮。我和太太都挺高

兴，觉得他的事总算有了个

令人满意的结局。

17 A year or two passed, and

again I found Tony in his

usual waiting place. We

talked about his work,and I

asked him what he wanted.

一两年过去了，我在托尼惯

常等我的地方又看到了他。

我们聊起了他的工作，接着

我问他有什么要求。

18 "Mr. Craw," he said, "I

like a buy a house." On the

edge of town, he had found

a house for sale,

a complete wreck. “克罗先

生，”他说，“我想买房。”

在小镇边上，他看到有房出

售，完全是幢破房。

19 I called on a banker friend.

"Do you ever loan money on

character?" I asked. "No," he

said."We can't afford to. No

sale."我去见一位当银行家

的朋友。“人品贷款你干不

干？”我问。“不干，”他说，

“我们承担不起。没门。”

20 "Now, wait a minute," I

replied. "Here is a

hard-working man, a man of

character, I can promise you

that. He's got a good job.

You're not getting a damn

thing from your lot. It will

stay there for years. At least

he will pay your interest."

“哎，等等，”我应道，“有个

人干活勤勉，人品端正，这

一点我担保。他有个好工

作。眼下，你从你那块地上

一分钱也得不到。那块地空

在那儿要好多年呢。至少他

会付你利息嘛。”

21 Reluctantly, the banker

wrote a mortgage for $2,000

and gave Tony the house

with no down payment.

Tony was delighted. From

then on, it was interesting to

see that any discarded odds

and ends around our place ─

a broken screen, a bit of

hardware, boards from

packing ─ Tony would gather

and take home.

那位银行家勉强开了两千

美金抵押贷款，没要托尼首

付就把房子给了他。托尼乐

不可支。从那以后，只要我

家附近有什么被人扔弃的

零星杂物，坏了的屏风啦，

五金器具啦，包装纸板啦，

托尼都要收起来拿回家，看

他这个样子真是有意思。

22 After about two years, I

found Tony in our familiar

meeting spot. He seemed to

stand a little straighter. He

was heavier. He had a look

of confidence.约摸过了两

年，我在我们见面的老地方

又看到了托尼。他身子似乎

挺直了些，人也见胖了，样

子挺自信。

23 "Mr. Craw, I sell my

house!" he said with pride. "I

got $8,000."“克罗先生，我

卖房子！”他得意地说。“我

得了八千美金。”

24 I was amazed. "But, Tony,

where are you going to live without a house?"我非常吃惊。“可是，托尼，没了房子你住哪儿呢？”

25 "Mr. Craw, I buy a farm."“克罗先生，我买农庄。”

26 We sat down and talked. Tony told me that to own a farm was his dream. He loved the tomatoes and peppers and all the other vegetables important to his Italian diet. He had sent for his wife and son and daughter back in Italy. He had hunted around the edge of town until he found a small, abandoned piece of property with a house and shed. Now he was moving his family to his farm. 我们坐下聊了起来。托尼告诉我说，拥有一个农庄是他的梦想。他喜欢番茄、辣椒以及意大利菜肴中相当重要的其它各种蔬菜。他把在意大利的妻子和儿子女儿都接来了。他在小镇周边到处找，终于找到一处没人要的一小块地产，有一幢房，还有间小棚。他正在把家搬到农庄去。

27 Sometime later, Tony arrived on a Sunday afternoon, neatly dressed. He had another Italian man with him. He told me that he had persuaded his childhood friend to move to America. Tony was sponsoring him. With an amused look in his eye, he told me that when they approached the little farm he now operated, his

friend stood in amazement

and said, "Tony, you are a

millionaire!" 又过了一些时

候，在一个星期日的下午托

尼来了，他穿戴得整整齐

齐。和他一起来的还有另一

位意大利人。他告诉我，他

说服了儿时的伙伴前来美

国。托尼为他作经济担保。

他眼里露出顽皮的神情，对

我说，他俩来到他经营的小

农庄时，他的朋友惊奇地站

住说，“托尼，你是个百万

富翁啦！”

28 Then, during the war, a

message came from my

company. Tony had passed

away.后来，在战争期间，

公司里传出了一个消息。托

尼去世了。

29 I asked our people to

check on his family and see

that everything was properly

handled. They found the

farm green with vegetables,

the little house livable and

homey. There was a tractor

and a good car in the yard.

The children were educated

and working, and Tony

didn't owe a cent. 我让公司

的人去他家看看，确保各项

事宜都得到妥善安置。他们

看到农场上长着绿油油的

蔬菜，小屋布置得舒适温

馨，院子里有一辆拖拉机，

还有一辆不错的汽车。孩子

受过教育，都工作了，托尼

身前没有分文欠债。

30 After he passed away, I

thought more and more

about Tony's career. He

grew in stature in my mind.

In the end, I think he stood

as tall, and as proud, as the

greatest American

industrialists. 托尼去世后，

我一直想着他的经历。他的

形象在我心目中越来越高

大。最后，我觉得他就和美

国那些最大的实业家一样

高大、自豪。

31 They had all reached their

success by the same route

and by the same values and

principles: vision,

determination, self-control,

optimism, self-respect and,

above all, integrity.

他们都通过同样的途径，本

着同样的价值观和原则获

得了成功：远见、执着、自

制、乐观、自尊，以及最重

要的，正直。

32 Tony did not begin on the

bottom rung of the ladder.

He began in the basement.

Tony's affairs were tiny; the

greatest industrialists' affairs

were giant. But, after all, the

balance sheets were exactly

the same. The only

difference was where you

put the decimal point. 托尼

不是从最低一级阶梯往上

爬的，他是从地下室往上爬

的。托尼的事业很小，那些

最大的实业家的事业很大。

但究其实，两者的资产负债

表完全一样。惟一的不同是

你把小数点点在什么地方。

33 Tony Trivisonno came to

America seeking the

American Dream. But he

didn't find it ─ he created it

for himself. All he had were

24 precious hours a day, and

he wasted none of them.

托尼·特里韦索诺来到美国寻求美国梦。但他没有找到什么美国梦——他为自己创造了一个美国梦。他的全部拥有是一天宝贵的二十四小时，而他一刻也没有浪费。

Unit 6 Romance

Part Text A A Valentine Story Ⅱ

A letter or telephone call comes from someone you have not met, and you find yourself imagining what the person looks like, putting a face to the hidden voice. Are you any good at this? Sometimes it is easy to get it wrong. 一个你从没有见过的人给你寄来一封信或打来一个电话，而你不知不觉地想象着这个人是个什么样儿，赋予这个隐秘的声音一张面孔。这事儿你干得来吗？有时候是很容易搞错的。

A Valentine Story

Doug Bell

1 John Blanchard stood up from the bench, straightened his Army uniform, and studied the crowd of people making their way through Grand Central Station.

爱情故事道格·贝尔

约翰·布兰查德从长凳上站起身来，整了整军装，留意着格兰德中央车站进出的人群。

2 He looked for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn't, the girl

with the rose. His interest in

her had begun twelve

months before in a Florida

library. Taking a book off the

shelf he soon found himself

absorbed, not by the words

of the book, but by the notes

penciled in the margin.The

soft handwriting reflected a

thoughtful soul and

insightful mind.

他在寻找一位姑娘，一位佩

带玫瑰的姑娘。他知其心，

但不知其貌。十二个月前，

在佛罗里达州的一个图书

馆，他对她产生了兴趣。他

从书架上取下一本书，很快

便被吸引住了，不是被书的

内容，而是被铅笔写的眉

批。柔和的笔迹显示出其人

多思善虑的心灵和富有洞

察力的头脑。

3 In the front of the book, he

discovered the previous

owner's name, Miss Hollis

Maynell. With time and

effort he located her address.

She lived in New York City.

He wrote her a letter

introducing himself and

inviting her to correspond.

The next day he was shipped

overseas for service in World

War II. 在书的前页，他找到

了前一位拥有人的姓名，霍

利斯·梅奈尔小姐。他花了一

番工夫和努力，找到了她的

地址。她住在纽约市。他给

她写了一封信介绍自己，并

请她回复。第二天他被运往

海外，参加第二次世界大

战。

4 During the next year the

two grew to know each

other through the mail. Each

letter was a seed falling on a

fertile heart. A romance was

budding. Blanchard

requested a photograph, but

she refused. She

explained:"If your feeling for

me has any reality, any

honest basis, what I look like

won't matter. Suppose I'm

beautiful. I'd always be

haunted by the feeling that

you had been taking a

chance on just that, and that

kind of love would disgust

me. Suppose I'm plain (and

you must admit that this is

more likely). Then I'd always

fear that you were going on

writing to me only because

you were lonely and had no

one else. No, don't ask for

my picture. When you come

to New York, you shall see

me and then you shall make

your decision. Remember,

both of us are free to stop or

to go on after that ─

whichever we choose..." 在

接下来的一年当中，两人通

过信件来往增进了了解。每

一封信都如一颗种子撒入

肥沃的心灵之土。浪漫的爱

情之花就要绽开。布兰查德

提出要一张照片，可她拒绝

了。她解释道：“如果你对

我的感情是真实的，是诚心

诚意的，那我的相貌如何并

不重要。设想我美丽动人。

我将会一直深感不安，惟恐

你只是因为我的容貌就贸

然与我相爱，而这种爱情令

我憎恶。设想本人相貌平平

（你得承认，这种可能性更大）。那我一直会担心，你和我保持通信仅仅是出于孤独寂寞，无人交谈。不，别索要照片。等你到了纽约，你会见到我，到时你可再作定夺。且记，见面后我俩都可以自由决定中止关系或继续交往——无论你怎么选择......”

5 When the day finally came for him to return from Europe, they scheduled their first meeting ─7:00 p.m. at Grand Central Station, New York.他从欧洲回国的日子终于到了。他们安排了两人的第一次见面——晚上七点，纽约格兰德中央车站。

6 "You'll recognize me," she wrote, "by the red rose I'll be wearing on my lapel." So, at 7:00 p.m.he was in the station looking for a girl who had filled such a special place in his life for the past 12 months, a girl he had never seen, yet whose written words had been with him and sustained him unfailingly.

“你会认出我的，” 她写道，“我会在衣襟上戴一朵红玫瑰。” 于是，晚上七点，他候在车站，寻找一位过去一年里在自己生活中占据了如此特殊地位的姑娘，一位素未谋面，但其文字伴随着他、始终支撑着他精神的姑娘。

7 I'll let Mr. Blanchard tell you what happened:A young woman was coming toward me, her figure long and slim. Her golden hair lay back in

curls from her delicate ears;

her eyes were blue as

flowers. Her lips and chin

had a gentle firmness, and in

her pale green suit she was

like springtime come alive.

且让布兰查德先生告诉你

接下来发生的事吧：一位年

轻的姑娘向我走来，她身材

颀长纤细。一头卷曲的金发

披在秀美的耳后；眼睛碧

蓝，如花似玉。她的双唇和

下颌线条柔和，却又柔中见

刚，她身穿浅绿色套装，犹

如春天一般生气盎然。

8 I started toward her,

entirely forgetting to notice

that she was not wearing a

rose.我朝她走去，完全忘了

去看她有没有戴玫瑰花。

9 As I moved, a small,

provocative smile curved her

lips. "Going my way, sailor?"

she murmured. Almost

uncontrollably I made one

step closer to her, and then I

saw Hollis Maynell. She was

standing almost directly

behind the girl. A woman

well past 40, she had graying

hair pinned up under a worn

hat. 我走过去时，她双唇绽

开撩人的微笑。“和我同路

吗，水兵？”她小声问道。

我情不自禁，再向她走近一

步。可就在这时，我看到了

霍利斯·梅奈尔。她差不多就

站在姑娘的正后面，早已年

过四十，灰白的头发用卡子

向上别着，头上带着一顶旧

帽子。

10 She was more than a little

overweight, her thick-ankled

feet thrust into low-heeled

shoes. 她体态臃肿，粗圆的

脚踝上套着一双低跟鞋。

11 The girl in the green suit

was walking quickly away. I

felt as though I was split in

two, so keen was my desire

to follow her, and yet so

deep was my longing for the

woman whose spirit had

truly companioned me and

upheld my own.穿着绿色套

装的姑娘快步走开了。我觉

得自己好像被分成了两半，

一方面热切地想去追赶她，

但另一方面我又渴望那一

位以其心灵真诚陪伴我并

成为我的精神支柱的女人。

12 And there she stood. Her

pale, round face was gentle

and sensible, her gray eyes

had a warm and kindly glow.

I did not hesitate.她站在那

儿，苍白的圆脸显得温柔理

智，灰色的眼睛透出热情善

良。我没有迟疑。

13 My fingers gripped the

small worn blue leather copy

of the book that was to

identify me to her.This

would not be love, but it

would be something

precious, something perhaps

even better than love,a

friendship for which I had

been and must ever be

grateful. 我手里紧握着那

本小小的让她辨认我的蓝

色羊皮面旧书。这不会是爱

情，但将是某种珍贵的、或

许比爱情更美妙的东西，一

种我曾经感激，并将永远感

激的友情。

14 I squared my shoulders

and saluted and held out the book to the woman, even though while I spoke I felt choked by the bitterness of my disappointment. "I'm Lieutenant John Blanchard, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me; may I take you to dinner?" 我挺胸站立，敬了个礼，并举起手中的书好让那位女士看。不过在我开口说话的时候，失望的痛苦几乎使我哽咽。“我是约翰·布兰查德中尉，想必您就是梅奈尔小姐。很高兴您来见我。可否请您赏光吃饭？”

15 The woman's face broadened into a smile. "I don't know what this is about, son," she answered,"but the young lady in the green suit who just went by, she begged me to wear this rose on my coat.And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I should go and tell you that she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!" 妇女的脸上绽开了笑容。“我不知道是怎么回事，孩子，”她回答说，“可是刚才走过去的那位穿绿色套装的姑娘，她央求我把这支玫瑰插在衣服上。她还说，要是你请我吃饭的话，我就告诉你，她就在街对面那个大饭店里等你。她说这是一种考验！”

16 It's not difficult to understand and admire Miss Maynell's wisdom. The true

nature of a heart is seen in

its response to the

unattractive.梅奈尔小姐的

智慧不难理解，也令人称

奇。心灵的本质是从其对不

美的事物的态度中反映出

来的。

17 "Tell me whom you love,"

Houssaye wrote, "and I will

tell you who you are."“告诉

我你所爱者是谁，”何赛写

道，“我就知道你是什么样

的人。”

Unit 7 Animal Intelligence

Part Text A What Animals

Really Think Ⅱ

Food, warmth, sleep? Their

thoughts may be much

deeper than that.

温饱，睡眠？它们的思维可

能要比这深刻得多。

What Animals Really Think

Eugene Linden

1 Over the years, I have

written extensively about

animal-intelligence

experiments and the

controversy that surrounds

them. Do animals really have

thoughts, what we call

consciousness?Wondering

whether there might be

better ways to explore

animal intelligence than

experiments designed to

teach human signs, I realized

what now seems obvious: if

animals can think, they will

probably do their best

thinking when it serves their

own purposes, not when

scientists ask them to.

动物到底想些什么尤

金·林登

多年来，我写了大量关于动

物智能实验、以及围绕这些

实验所产生的争议的文章。

动物真的有思想，即我们所

说的意识吗？在考虑是否

会有比设计教动物人类手

势语的实验更好的方式探

索动物智能时，我悟出了现

在看来是显而易见的一点：

如果动物能思维，它们会在

能为自己所用的时候，而不

是在科学家让它们思维的

时候作出最佳思维。

2 And so I started talking to

vets, animal researchers, zoo

keepers. Most do not study

animal intelligence, but they

encounter it, and the lack of

it, every day. The stories

they tell us reveal what I'm

convinced is a new window

on animal intelligence: the

kind of mental feats animals

perform when dealing with

captivity and the dominant

species on the planet ─

humans.

于是我开始与兽医、动物研

究人员以及动物园饲养员

交谈。他们大都不研究动物

智能，但他们每天都碰到或

碰不到动物智能。他们讲述

的故事开启了我相信是研

究动物智能的一扇新的窗

口：即动物在对付樊笼生活

和地球上的主宰物种——

人类——时所表现的高超

的思维技能。

Let's Make a Deal

3 Consider the time

Charlene Jendry, a

conservationist at the

Columbus Zoo, learned that a female gorilla named Colo was handling a suspicious object. Arriving on the scene, Jendry offered Colo some peanuts, only to be met with a blank stare. Realizing they were negotiating, Jendry raised the stakes and offered a piece of pineapple. At this point, while maintaining eye contact, Colo opened her hand and revealed a key chain.

让我们做笔交易

请考虑这一情况：哥伦布动物园的一位动物保护主义者查伦·延德里觉察到一头叫做科洛的雌性大猩猩在玩弄一件可疑的物品。延德里走过去，给了科洛一些花生，却被翻了个白眼。意识到这是在讨价还价，延德里加大了筹码，又给了一片菠萝。这时候，科洛一边望着延德里，一边摊开手，露出了一根钥匙链。

4 Relieved it was not anything dangerous or valuable, Jendry gave Colo the pineapple. Careful bargainer that she was, Colo then broke the key chain and gave Jendry a link, perhaps figuring, Why give her the whole thing if I can get a bit of pineapple for each piece? 见不是危险或珍贵物品，延德里松了一口气，把菠萝给了考勒。科洛真是个精明的还价者，它把钥匙链拉断，给了延德里一段，或许在算计着，要是每一小段都能换片菠萝，我干嘛要全都给她？

5 If an animal can show skill

in trading one thing for

another, why not in handling

money? One orangutan

named Chantek did just that

in a sign-language study

undertaken by

anthropologist Lyn Miles at

the University of Tennessee.

Chantek figured out that if

he did tasks like cleaning his

room, he'd earn coins to

spend on treats and rides in

Miles's car. But the

orangutan's understanding

of money seemed to extend

far beyond simple dealings.

Miles first used plastic chips

as coins, but Chantek

decided he could expand the

money supply by breaking

chips in two. When Miles

switched to metal chips,

Chantek found pieces of tin

foil and tried to make copies.

如果动物能在以物换物中

显示技能，又何尝不会在使

用钱币中再露一手？在田

纳西大学人类学家琳·迈尔

斯进行的一项手势语研究

中，有头名叫夏特克的猩猩

就这么做了。夏特克悟出，

如果它干些诸如清理房间

的事，他就能挣些硬币，好

用来买好吃的，还可以坐迈

尔斯的车外出兜风。但这头

猩猩对钱币的理解似乎远

远超出了简单的交易。迈尔

斯一开始用塑料片充当硬

币，而夏特克竟认定，它可

以把塑料片拗成两片，以此

扩大钱币供应量。而当迈尔

斯改用金属片时，夏特克找

到了一些锡箔，试图复制。

6 Miles also tried to teach

Chantek more virtuous

habits such as saving and

sharing. Indeed, when I

caught up with the

orangutan at Zoo Atlanta,

where he now lives, I saw an

example of sharing that

anyone might envy. When

Miles gave Chantek some

grapes and asked him to

share them, Chantek

promptly ate all the fruit.

Then, as if he'd just

remembered he'd been

asked to share, he handed

Miles the stem. 迈尔斯还试

图教会夏特克一些好习惯，

诸如节俭和与人分享。当我

在它目前居住的亚特兰大

动物园见到这头猩猩时，我

果然见到它与人分享的一

例，足以令任何人羡慕。迈

尔斯给了夏特克一些葡萄，

要求它与人分享，它很快吃

完了所有的葡萄。随后，它

似乎是想起了迈尔斯要它

与人分享，便把梗儿递给了

迈尔斯。

Tale of a Whale

7 Why would an animal want

to cooperate with a human?

Behaviorists would say that

animals cooperate when

they learn it is in their

interest to do so. This is true,

but I don't think it goes far

enough.

鲸鱼的故事

动物为什么会愿意与人合

作？行为主义者会说，动物

认识到合作于己有利时就

会这么做。这没有错，但我

觉得这一解释尚不充分。

8 Gail Laule, a consultant on animal behavior, speaks of Orky, a killer whale, she knew. "Of all the animals I've worked with, he was the most intelligent," she says. "He would assess a situation and then do something based on the judgments he made." 动物行为顾问盖尔·劳尔说起过她了解的一头虎鲸奥基。“在我照管过的动物当中，它是最聪明的，”她说，“它会审时度势，再根据自己的判断采取行动。”

9 Like the time he helped save a family member. When Orky's mate, Corky, gave birth, the baby did not thrive at first, and keepers took the little whale out of the tank by stretcher for emergency care. Things began to go wrong when they returned the baby whale to the tank. As the workers halted the stretcher a few meters above the water, the baby suddenly began throwing up through its mouth. The keepers feared it would choke, but they could not reach the baby to help it.

比如有次它救了一个家族成员。奥基的配偶科基生幼鲸时，那条幼鲸一开始情况不妙，饲养员把幼鲸用担架抬出水糟，实施紧急护理。他们把幼鲸送回水槽时，出了事情。当工人把担架停在高出水面几英尺处的时候，幼鲸开始呕吐。饲养员担心

它会窒息，但他们无法接近

幼鲸提供帮助。

10 Apparently sizing up the

problem, Orky swam under

the stretcher and allowed

one of the men to stand on

his head, something he'd

never been trained to do.

Then, using his tail to keep

steady,Orky let the keeper

reach up and release the

420-pound baby so that it

could slide into the water

within reach of help. 奥基

显然看出了问题，它游到担

架下，让其中一人站在它头

上。这种事从来没有训练它

做过。然后，奥基用尾部保

持平衡，让饲养员接近，并

松开了那条420 磅重的幼

鲸，以便让它滑入水中，获

得帮助。

Primate Shell Game

11 Sometimes evidence of

intelligence can be seen in

attempts to deceive. Zoo

keeper Helen Shewman of

Seattle's Woodland Park Zoo

recalls that one day she

dropped an orange through

a feeding hole for Melati, an

orangutan. Instead of

moving away to get it,

Melati looked Shewman in

the eye and held out her

hand. Thinking the orange

must have rolled off

somewhere

inaccessible,Shewman gave

her another one. But when

Melati moved off, Shewman

noticed the original orange

was hidden in her other

hand.

灵长目动物的骗术

有时动物的智能可以从其

欺骗的企图中得以证明。西

雅图伍德兰公园动物园饲

养员海伦·休曼回忆道，一天

她从喂食窗口给猩猩梅拉

蒂扔了个桔子。梅拉蒂没有

移动身体去接，而是眼睛直

视休曼，伸出手来。休曼以

为桔子准是滚到一边拿不

到了，就又给了它一个。可

当梅拉蒂走开时，休曼却注

意到原来那只桔子就藏在

它另一只手里。

12 Towan, the colony's

dominant male, watched

this whole trick, and the next

day he, too, looked

Shewman in the eye and

pretended that he had not

yet received an orange. "Are

you sure you don't have

one?" Shewman asked. He

continued to hold her gaze

steadily and held out his

hand. Giving in,she gave him

another one, then saw that

he had been hiding his

orange underneath his foot.

猩猩园的头领托温目睹了

这个把戏。第二天，这头雄

猩猩也是眼睛盯着休曼，装

作没有接到桔子。“你肯定

没拿到吗？”休曼问道。它

仍直视着她，同时把手伸了

出来。她让步了，又给了它

一个，随后却看见它把桔子

藏在脚下。

13 What is intelligence

anyway? If life is about

survival of a species ─ and

intelligence is meant to

serve that survival ─ then we

can't compare with pea-brained sea turtles, which were here long before us and survived the disaster that wiped out the dinosaurs. Still, it is comforting to realize that other species besides our own can stand back and assess the world around them, even if their horizons are more limited than ours.

智能究竟是什么？如果生命就是讲物种的生存——而智能是为了生存——那么我们根本无法与大脑只有豌豆大小的海龟相提并论，海龟早在人类出现很久之前便已存在，并经历了使恐龙灭绝的重大灾难而生存下来。尽管如此，想到除了我们人类，尚有其它物种，即便它们的视野比我们还狭小，却也能退后一步，清醒地审视周围的世界，不由人深感宽慰。

Unit 8 Educational Problem Part Text A Fable of the lazy Teenager ⅡBenjamin Stein weaves a tale to bring home to young Americans the need to change the way they think about education. Read it and see whether you think it holds any lessons for us as well. 本杰明·斯坦编了一个故事，以使美国青年彻底认识他们必须改变对教育的态度。读一读这个故事，看看你是否认为它对我们大家同样也有教育意义。Fable of the Lazy Teenager

Benjamin Stein

1 One day last fall, I ran out

of file folders and went to

the drugstore to buy more. I

put a handful of folders on

the counter and asked a

teenage salesgirl how much

they cost. "I don't know,"

she answered. "But it's 12

cents each."

关于懒散少年的寓言故事

本杰明·斯坦

去年一个秋日，我文件夹用

完了，便去杂货店买。我拿

了一大把文件夹搁在柜台

上，问一个十几岁的售货员

多少钱。“不知道，”她回答

说，“反正单价12 美分。”

2 I counted the folders.

"Twenty-three at 12 cents

each, that makes $ 2.76

before tax,"I said. 我数了数

文件夹。“二十三个，单价

12 美分，总共2.76 美金，

不含税，”我说。

3 "You did that in your

head?" she asked in

amazement. "How can you

do that?" “你心算的？”她

惊奇地问道，“你怎么会算

出来的？”

4 "It's magic," I said.“靠魔

力，” 我说。

5 "Really?" she asked.“真

的？” 她问。

6 No modestly educated

adult can fail to be upset by

such an experience. While

our children seem

better-natured than ever,

they are so ignorant ─ and so

ignorant of their ignorance ─

that they frighten me. In a

class of 60 seniors at a

private college where I

recently taught, not one

student could write a short

paper without misspellings.

Not one.

略受教育的成年人没有谁

不会为这样的经历难过。虽

然我们的孩子似乎比以往

任何时候都要温厚和气，他

们却如此无知——对自己

的无知状况也如此无知

——以至使我感到可怕。在

我最近任教的一所私立大

学，一个六十人的四年级班

上，没有一个学生写短文时

不犯拼写错误。没有一个学

生例外。

7 But this is just a tiny slice

of the problem. The ability

to perform even the

simplest calculations is only

a memory among many

students I see, and their

knowledge of world history

or geography is nonexistent.

但这只是问题的一小部分。

在我所见过的许多学生中，

再也没有过去学生都有的

哪怕是进行最简单的计算

的能力，他们对世界历史和

地理都一无所知。

8 Moreover, there is a

chilling indifference about all

this ignorance. The attitude

was summed up by a friend's

bright, lazy 16-year-old son,

who explained why he

preferred not to go to

U.C.L.A. "I don't want to

have to compete with

Asians," he said. "They work

hard and know everything."

更有甚者，他们对这种种的

无知却毫不在乎，实在令人不寒而栗。一位朋友的聪明但却很懒散的十六岁儿子在解释他为什么不想上加州洛杉矶分校时说的话是对这种态度的高度概括。“我不想去那儿跟亚洲人竞争，”他说，“他们用功，什么都知道。”

9 In fact, this young man will have to compete with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot live forever on the financial, material and human capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some point soon, his intellectual laziness will seriously affect his way of life. It will also affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor force. Planes will crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down. 其实，无论他是否愿意，这位年轻人都将不得不去跟亚洲人竞争。他不能永远躺在先辈积累的经济、物质与人力资本上。用不了多久，他懒于用脑的结果将严重影响他的生活方式，也将影响我们其他所有的人。一个现代工业化国家无法靠一支懒散、无知的劳动大军运行。飞机会坠落。计算机会出故障。汽车会抛锚。

10 To drive this message home to such young Americans, I have a humble suggestion: a movie,or TV series, dramatizing just how difficult it was for the country to get where it is ─ and how easily it could all be

lost. I offer the following

fable. 为使这样的美国青

年彻底认识到这一点，我的

愚见是：拍一部电影，或电

视连续剧，生动地描述我们

国家的今天如何来之不易

——而要丧失这一切又何

其容易。下面我奉献一篇寓

言故事。

11 As the story opens, our

hero, Kevin Hanley 1990, a

17-year-old high school

senior, is sitting in his room,

feeling bitter. His parents

insist he study for his

European history test. He

wants to go shopping for

headphones for his portable

CD player. The book he is

forced to read ─ The Wealth

of Nations ─ puts him to

sleep.

故事开始时，我们的主人公

凯文·汉利1990，一名十七

岁的高三学生，正坐在自己

房间里，心情痛苦。他父母

一定要他准备欧洲史考试。

而他则想去买一副激光唱

片随身听的耳机。他被迫要

读的书——《各国的财富》

——让他打瞌睡。

12 Kevin dreams it is 1835,

and he is his own

great-great-great-grandfathe

r at 17, a peasant in County

Kerry, Ireland. He lives in a

small hut and sleeps next to

a pig. He is always hungry

and must search for food.

His greatest wish is to learn

to read and write so he

might get a job as a

clerk.With steady wages, he

would be able to feed

himself and help his family.

But Hanley's poverty allows

no leisure for such luxuries

as going to school. Without

education and money, he is

powerless. His only hope lies

in his children. If they are

educated, they will have a

better life. 凯文进入梦乡，

时值1835 年，他是他本人

的曾太祖父，十七岁，是爱

尔兰克雷郡的一个农民。他

住在小小的陋室里，睡在一

头猪旁。他老是挨饿，总是

要找吃的。他最大的心愿是

学会读书写字，以便找一个

职员的工作。有了固定的工

资，他就能养活自己，贴补

家用。但汉利的贫穷使他无

从享受上学这样的奢侈。没

有教育，没有钱，他无能为

力。他惟一的希望寄托在孩

子身上。如果他们能接受教

育，他们就会生活得好一

些。

13 Our fable fast-forwards

and Kevin Hanley 1990 is

now his own

great-grandfather, Kevin

Hanley, 1928. He, too, is 17

years old, and he works in a

steel mill in Pittsburgh. His

father came to America from

Ireland and helped build the

New York City subway. Kevin

Hanley 1928 is far better off

than either his father or his

grandfather. He can read

and write. His wages are far

better than anything his

ancestors had in Ireland.

我们的寓言故事快速展开。

现在凯文·汉利1990 成了

他自己的曾祖父，凯文·汉利1928。他也是十七岁，在匹兹堡一家钢铁厂工作。他的父亲从爱尔兰来到美国，参加过纽约地铁的修建。凯文·汉利1928 比自己的父亲和祖父境遇好多了。他能读书写字。他的工资比先辈在爱尔兰时的收入高多了。

14 Next Kevin Hanley 1990 dreams that he is Kevin Hanley 1945, his own grandfather, fighting on Iwo Jima against a most determined foe, the Japanese army. He is always hot, always hungry, always scared. One night in a foxhole, he tells a friend why he is there: "So my son and his son can live in peace and security. When I get back, I'll work hard and send my boy to college so he can live by his brains instead of his back."

接下来凯文·汉利1990 梦见自己成了他自己的祖父凯文·汉利1945。他正在硫黄岛与死敌日本军队作战。他总是又热又饿又害怕。一天晚上他在散兵坑里与一个朋友讲自己为什么在那儿作战：“这样我的儿子、孙子就能生活在和平安全的环境里。等我回国了，我要勤奋工作，让儿子上大学，这样他就可以干脑力活儿，而不是靠卖苦力生活。”

15 Then Kevin Hanley 1990 is his own father, Kevin Hanley 1966, who studies all the time so he can get into college and law school. He lives in a fine house. He has

never seen anything but

peace and plenty. He tells

his girl friend that when he

has a son, he won't make

him study all the time, as his

father makes him.

接着凯文·汉利1990 成了

他自己的父亲凯文·汉利

1966。他终日用功，这样就

可以上大学，进法学院。他

住在漂亮的房子里。他一生

在和平环境中过着富裕的

生活。他对女朋友说，等他

有了儿子，他不会像他父亲

逼他那样逼自己的儿子整

天读书。

16 At that point, Kevin

Hanley 1990 wakes up,

shaken by his dream. He is

relieved to be away from

Ireland and the steel mill

and Iwo Jima. He goes back

to sleep.

就在这时，凯文·汉利1990

被自己的梦惊醒了。他离开

了爱尔兰，离开了那家钢铁

厂，离开了硫黄岛，不由松

了口气。他又睡着了。

17 When he dreams again,

he is his own son, Kevin

Hanley 2020. There is

gunfire all day and all night.

His whole generation forgot

why there even was law, so

there is none. People pay no

attention to politics, and

government offers no

services to the working class.

他接着做梦，这次成了他自

己的儿子凯文·汉利2020。

枪声日夜不停。他那整个一

代人忘却了过去为什么要

有法律，因此现在没有法律

了。人们丝毫不关心政治，

政府不为工人阶级提供服

务。

18 Kevin 2020's father, who

is of course Kevin 1990

himself, works as a cleaner

in a factory owned by the

Japanese. Kevin 2020 is a

porter in a hotel for wealthy

Europeans and Asians. Public

education stops at the sixth

grade. Americans have long

since stopped demanding

good education for their

children.

凯文2020 的父亲，自然就

是凯文1990 本人，在日本

人开的一家工厂当清洁工。

凯文2020 在一家专为有

钱的欧洲人和亚洲人开的

酒店里当行李工。公共教育

到六年级为止。美国人早就

不再要求自己的孩子接受

良好的教育。

19 The last person Kevin

1990 sees in his dream is his

own grandson. Kevin 2050

has no useful skills.

Machines built in Japan do

all the complex work, and

there is little manual work to

be done.Without education,

without discipline, he cannot

earn an adequate living

wage. He lives in a slum

where there is no heat, no

plumbing, no privacy and

survives by searching

through trash piles. 凯文

1990 最后梦见的是他自己

的孙子。凯文2050 没有有

用的技能。日本制造的机器

包揽了所有复杂的工作，没

有什么体力活可做。没有受

过教育，没有受过训练，他挣不到足够的钱养活自己。他住在贫民窟，没有暖气，没有卫生设备，无法不受四邻干扰，靠搜捡破烂度日。

20 In a word, he lives much as Kevin Hanley 1835 did in Ireland. But one day, Kevin Hanley 2050 is befriended by a visiting Japanese anthropologist studying the decline of America. The man explains to Kevin that when a man has no money, education can supply the human capital necessary to start to acquire financial capital. Hard work, education, saving and discipline can do anything."This is how we rose from the ashes after you defeated us in a war about a hundred years ago." 总之，他的生活就像凯文·汉利1835 在爱尔兰时一模一样。可是有一天，凯文·汉利2050 与一位研究美国衰亡史的来访日本人类学家交上了朋友。那人跟凯文解释说，如果一个人没有钱，教育能提供积累金融资本所必需的人力资本。勤奋、教育、节俭、纪律能成就一切。“我们就是这样从一百多年前你们打败我们的战争废墟中站起来的。”

21 "America beat Japan in war?" asks Kevin 2050. He is astonished. It seems as impossible as Brazil defeating the United States would sound in 1990. Kevin 2050 swears that if he ever has

children, he will make sure

they work and study and

learn and discipline

themselves. "To be able to

make a living by one's mind

instead of by stealing," he

says." That would be a

miracle."

“美国在战争中打败日

本？”凯文2050 问道。他

惊讶之极。这听起来就像说

巴西在1990 年打败美国

一样不可思议。凯文2050

发誓，如果他有孩子的话，

他一定要让他们工作、上

学、学习并约束自己。“能

凭自己的脑力，而不是靠偷

窃为生，”他说，“那将会是

个奇迹。”

22 When Kevin 1990 wakes

up, next to him is his copy of

The Wealth of Nations. He

opens it and the first

sentence to catch his eye is

this: "A man without the

proper use of the intellectual

faculties of a man is, if

possible, more contemptible

than even a coward."

凯文1990 醒了过来，身旁

放着他的那本《各国的财

富》。他打开书，跳入眼帘

的第一句话就是：“一个不

能恰当运用人类智力的人

极可能比懦夫更可鄙。”

23 Kevin's father walks in.

"All right, son," he says.

"Let's go look at those

headphones." 凯文的父亲

走了进来。“好了，儿子，”

他说，“咱们去看耳机吧。”

24 "Sorry, Pop," Kevin 1990

says. "I have to study."“抱歉

了，爸爸，”凯文1990 说，

“我得看书学习了。”

全新版大学英语四课后选题填空及一课一练选词填空unit3-unit7翻译

the job market is becoming increasingly competitive,and your application package should show that you are aware of employers'needs. your application letter must make a good first impression so use approprite letter format and salutations.don't write too much but make sure you emphasize what you can contribute to the organization.state some of your abilities and experience,back these up with examples,and refer the reader to your resume/CV for more information. your CV should be easy to read,with clear sections and headings,bullet or numbered points,and plenty of space.check some book or websites for acceptable formats.list your most recent experience or achievements first and work backwards in time,and don't send an identical CV every time-update it to reflect the specific job opporyunity. 就业市场的竞争正变得越来越激烈,你的应用程序包应该表明你知道招聘者的需要。 你的求职信必须做一个良好的第一印象,使用中文信件格式和礼。不要写太多,但一定要强调你可以为组织做出贡献。州的一些自己的能力和经验,这些例子,并参考读者你的简历/简历的更多信息。 你的简历应该易于阅读,明确部分和标题,子弹或编号的点,和足够的空间。检查一些书或网站可以接受的格式。首先列出你最近的经验或成就,工作时间向后推移,不要每次都发送一个相同的简历更新以反映特定的工作机会。 Uit4 Manpower Inc.,with 560000 workers,is the world's largest temporary employment agency.every moring ,its people swarm into the offices and factories of america,seeking a day's work for a day's pay.one day at a time as industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive by reducing the number of employees,Manpower,based in Milwaukee,Wisconsin,is booming. even though its economy continues to recover,the us is increasingly becoming a nation of part timers and temporary workers.this "disposable" work force is the most important trend in american business today,and it is fundamentally changing the relationship between people and their jobs.the phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive while avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens imposed by employment rules,healthcare costs and pension plans.for workers it can mean an end to the security,benefits and sense of importance that came form being a loyal employee. 人力资源公司,拥有560000员工,是世界上最大的临时就业机构。每天早上,人们涌入美国的办公室和工厂,寻找一天的工作一天的工资。每天一次等工业巨头通用汽车(General Motors)和IBM为生存而挣扎的减少员工的数量,人力,位于威斯康辛州密尔沃基正在蓬勃发展。尽管其经济持续复苏,美国正日益成为一个国家部分定时器和临时工。这种“一次性”工作是最重要的趋势在今天的美国业务,并从根本上改变人与人之间的关系和他们的工作。这种现象提供了一种方法为企业保持全球竞争力,同时避免市场周期和不断增长的就业负担的规定,医疗费用和养老金计划。对工作者来说,它可能意味着结束的安全、利益和意识的重要性,形成了一个忠诚的员工。

全新版大学英语综合教程1课后翻译题答案

Unit 1 Growing Up Ⅱ. Translation 1.那是个正规宴会，我照妈妈对我讲的那样穿着礼服去了。（formal） As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2.他的女朋友劝他趁抽烟的坏习惯尚未根深蒂固之前把它改掉。（take hold） His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold. 3.他们预料到下几个月电的需求量很大，决定增加生产。（anticipate） Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4.据说比尔因一再违反公司的安全规章而被解雇。（violate） It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. / Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5.据报道地方政府已采取适当措施避免严重缺水（water shortage）的可能性。 （avoid, severe） It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 苏珊（Susan）因车祸失去了双腿。有一段时间，她真不知如何面对自己再也不能行走的事实。 一天，苏珊在浏览杂志时，被一个真实故事吸引住了。那个故事生动地描写了一个残疾（disabled）姑娘是如何成为一位作家的。苏珊读后深受鼓舞，开始相信她最终会成为一个有用的人生活下去。 Inspire vivid scan face up with finally Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye /she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be bale to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Friendship II. Translation 1)半个小时过去了，但末班车还没来。我们只好走路回家。（go by） Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home.

新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程第四册课文及翻译

12456单元 Love and logic: The story of fallacy 爱情与逻辑：谬误的故事 I had my first date with Polly after I made the trade with my roommate Rob. That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldn't stand the idea of being the only football player who didn't, so he made a pact that he'd give me his girl in exchange for my jacket. He wasn't the brightest guy. Polly wasn't too shrewd, either. 在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次约会。那一年校园里每个人都有件皮夹克，而罗伯是校足球队员中唯一一个没有皮夹克的，他一想到这个就受不了，于是他和我达成了一项协议，用他的女友换取我的夹克。他可不那么聪明，而他的女友波莉也不太精明。 But she was pretty, well-off, didn't dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup. She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged, brilliant lawyer. If I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant, well-spoken counterpart by my side, I just might edge past the competition. 但她漂亮而且富有，也没有把头发染成奇怪的颜色或是化很浓的妆。她拥有合适的家庭背景，足以胜任一名坚忍而睿智的律师的女友。如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一半，我就很有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。 "Radiant" she was already. I could dispense her enough pearls of wisdom to make her "well-spoken". “光彩照人”，她已经是了。而我也能施予她足够多的“智慧之珠”，让她变得“谈吐优雅”。 After a banner day out, I drove until we were situated under a big old oak tree on a hill off the expressway. What I had in mind was a little eccentric. I thought the venue with a perfect view of the luminous city would lighten the mood. We stayed in the car, and I turned down the stereo and took my foot off the brake pedal. "What are we going to talk about?" she asked. 在一起外出度过了美好的一天之后，我驱车来到了高速公路旁一座小山上一棵古老的大橡树下。我的想法有些怪异。而这个地方能够俯瞰灯火灿烂的城区，我觉得它会使人的心情变轻松。我们呆在车子里，我调低了音响并把脚从刹车上挪开。“我们要谈些什么？”她问道。 "Logic." “逻辑学。” "Cool," she said over her gum. “好酷啊，”她一边嚼着口香糖一边说。 "The doctrine of logic,” I said, "is a staple of clear thinking. Failures in logic distort the truth, and some of them are well known. First let's look at the fallacy Dicto Simpliciter." “逻辑学的原理，”我说道，“即清晰思考的主要原则。逻辑上出现的问题会歪曲事实，其中有些还很普遍。我们先来看看一种叫做…绝对判断?的逻辑谬误。”

大学英语四级 选词填空单项训练+答案

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are requested to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

Once the world embraced the automobile, the days of depending on horses, bicycles, ferries, and trains quickly slipped into the past. People were __47__ with the speed of the automobile but they were also enjoying the personal freedom that the automobile gave them. Owning a car gave people the freedom to go anyplace a road __48__. This allowed people to and at their own __49__. This independence gave the car a popular edge over buses and trains. The popularity of the automobile made it the __50__ of the transportation system. The automobile changed our lives when it created a giant industry that offered more and more jobs. The automobile made it possible for people to live in areas __51__ from their work place. This caused cities to grow and made suburban living more convenient. Of course, with more places to go, more __52__ roads had to be built. The automobile caused a __53__ effect. Jobs increased, industries grew, new industries developed, and cities appeared. Today the automobile industry continues to offer many __54__. Jobs are plentiful in this industry and improvements continue to be made to the automobile with new technologies. We have come a long way from that first __55__ carriage because of the cooperative efforts of many people in the last century. It will be interesting to see what the future holds for the automobile. We have already seen signs of the use of solar energy in this area. As long as man has a brain, the future of the automobile is __56__. A) backbone F) enjoyed K) definite B) infinite G) horseless L) developed C) further H) developing M) farther D) background I) opportunities N) impressed E) led J) snowball O) pace （2） A college education is an investment in the future. But it can be a 47 one. The College Board 48 that the costs at a four-year public college in the United States increased 10% this past school year. That was less than the 13% increase the year before, but still much higher than the inflation 49 Public colleges and universities still cost a lot less than private ones. Financial aid often helps. But financial experts 50 parents to start college savings plans when their child is Still very young. All fifty states and the District of Columbia 51 what are called 5-29 plans. These plans are named after the part of the federal tax law that created them in 1996. States use private investment companies to operate the 52 of the programs. Every state has its own rules 53 5-29 plans. Some of the plans are 54 of state taxes. And all are not required to pay federal taxes. However, the government could start to tax withdrawals in 2011 if Congress does not change the law. 5-29 plans include investment accounts that increase or decrease in value with the investments they contain. Families must decide how 55 they want to put money into stocks, or other investments. Another kind of 5-29 plan lets parents begin to pay for their child’s education in 56 and long before their child starts college. This kind of savings program is called a prepaid tuition plan. The money goes into an account A) aggressively F) consumes K) free B) estimates G) costly L) majority C) offer H) decline M) advance D) automatically I) advise N) governing E) rate J) capable O) general

全新版大学英语3综合教程课后习题翻译原题及答案

1.我们的计算机系统出了毛病，但我觉得问题不大 We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor. 2.父亲去逝的时候我还小,不能独立生活。就在那时，家乡的父老接过了教育我的责任。My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over my upbringing at that point. 3.这些玩具必须得达到严格的安全要求后才可出售给儿童 The toys have to meet strict safety requirements before they can be sold to children. 4.作为新闻和舆论的载体，广播和电视补充了而不是替代了报纸。 Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion. 5.至于这本杂志，它刊载了世界各地许多报纸杂志上文章的摘要 When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world. 1.虽然受到全球金融危机后果的巨大影响，但是我们仍然相信我们能够面对挑战，克服危机。Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis. 2.在持续不断的沙尘暴的威胁下，我们被迫离开我们喜爱的村庄，搬迁到新的地方。 Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement. 3.根据最近的网上调查，许多消费者说他们也许会有兴趣考虑购买电视广告中播放的产品。According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials. 4.看到卡车司机把受污染的废弃物倒在河边，老人马上向警方报告 Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once. 5.一些科学家坚信人们总有一天会喜欢转基因农作物的，因为它们能够提高产量，帮助发展 中国家战胜饥荒和疾病 Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world. 1.无论是在城市还是农村，因特网正在改变人们的生活方式。 The Internet is changing the way people live, whether they are in urban or rural areas. 2.和大公司相比，中小公司更容易受到金融危机的威胁。 Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones. 3.关于期末论文，教授要求我们先分析失业图表，然然后对过家的经济发展提供批评性的见解。 With regard to our term paper, the professor asked us to analyze the unemployment chart first, and then provide critical reflections on the nations economic development. 4.他从来也没有想到他们队会大比分赢得那场篮球赛。 It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin.

新视野大学英语读写教程第三版第一册课文翻译

Unit1奔向更加光明的未来 1 下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里，我们承诺 将使你们学有所成。 2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们：“姿势自然点。” “等一等 , ”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。” 在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。 3 让我来告诉你们, 一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣，你 们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！但是要记住：未来是建立在过 去扎实的基础上的。 4 对你们而言，接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里，你们拥有丰富的资源：有来自全国各地的有趣的学生，有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师，有综合性图书馆，有完备的运动设施，还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油，学着结交充满魅力的人，学着 去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历，并用你们的干劲和热情去收获 这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。 5 有这么多课程可供选择，你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程，但是要尽可能 体验更多的课程！大学里有很多事情可做可学，每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世 界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话，那就是：挑战自己！不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样，你不仅会变得更加博学，而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇，她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移，王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来，并将其转化为对设计的热情，从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。 6 在大学里，一下子拥有这么多新鲜体验可能不会总是令人愉快的。在你的宿舍楼里，住在你 隔壁寝室的同学可能会反复播放同一首歌，令你头痛欲裂！你可能喜欢早起，而你的室友 却是个夜猫子！尽管如此，你和你的室友仍然可能成为最要好的朋友。如果有些新的经历让你感觉不那么舒心，不要担心。我保证快乐的经历会多于不快的经历。而且我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训，从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩。所以，带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情，勇敢向前去拥抱这些新的体验吧！ 7 我们相信，你们的自我发现之旅和对爱好的寻求带给你们的将不仅仅是个人的进步。我们相信，当你们成为我们的学者群体中的一员时，你们很快就会认识到，大学不仅提供大量自我充实的机会，同时也带来了责任。一位智者说过：“教育代代相传，它就是社会的灵魂。”你们是你们家庭辛勤劳动成果的传承者，也是无数前辈辛勤劳动成果的传承者。他们积累了知识，并把知识传递给你们，而这些知识正是你们取得成功所必需的。现在轮到你们了。你们会获取什么样的知识？你们会发现什么样的兴趣爱好？你们怎样做才能为你们的子孙后代创造一个强大昌盛的未来？ 8 我们很高兴能为你们人生旅途中这一重大阶段开启大门。我们很高兴你们将获得许多机会，也很高兴你们将作为社区、国家乃至世界的公民承担起应有的责任。欢迎你们！

(四级填空)大学英语四级选词填空技巧汇总

选词填空技巧汇总 大学英语四级考试的阅读部分，除了传统的两篇仔细阅读和一篇快速阅读，还有一种让考生普遍头痛的考法：选词填空。 选词填空的考察形式是：一篇280词左右的文章，文章中挖出10个空，并统一给出A-O15个备选答案。 选词填空区别于完形填空，有更大的解题难度，原因在于： 1. 完形填空每题都是四选一，选词填空第一题要十五选一，就算用到排除法，最后一题也要六选一，而且在十五个选项中还有五个根本不会用到，难度加大； 2. 完形填空每题的四个选项都是统一的词性，只需要辨析词义、搭配就基本可以作答，而选词填空的十五个选项有多个词性，解题时需要同时判断词性和词义，难度加大； 3. 完形填空每题的四个选项往往都是统一时态，统一形式，而在选词填空中会涉及选项的动词时态、第三人称单数形式、被动主动语态，名词的单复数等的辨析，难度加大。 因此，针对选词填空的解题方法分为三步： 1. 预览选项，了解词义并把选项分为四大类词性：名词n，动词v，形容词a，副词ad，在每个选项后作词性的简要标记； 2. 精读全文开头，把握文章主题，并以三个空或一个段落为一个单位，利用前后文判断每空的词性； 3. 把对应词性的选项逐一带回原文，含义通顺，时态、主谓搭配一致的为正确选项。 四级考试的常用后缀在判断选项词性时可以有一定帮助作用： 常见名词后缀： -ability usability, capability -ibility visibility, responsibility, stability -age package, shortage, marriage -ance importance, allowance, reliance -ence presence, absence, confidence -ant assistant, accountant, inhabitant -ent president, resident, dependent

新视野大学英语4选词填空答案及翻译

新视野大学英语4选词填空答案及翻译 一 Have you ever known anyone famous? If so, you may have found that they are remarkably similar to th e rest of us. You may have even heard them object to people saying there is anything different about them. “I’m really just a normal guy,”protests an acto r who has recently rocketed into the spotlight. There is, of course, usually a brief period when they actually start t o believe they are as great as their worshipping f ans suggest. They start to wear fancy clothes and talk as if everyone should hear what they have to say. This period, however, does not often last long. They fall back to reality as fast as they h ad originally risen above it all. What will it feel like to soar to such altitude and look down like an eagle from up high on everyone else? And what will it feel like to have flown so hi gh only to wake from your dream and realize you are only human? Some only see the cruelty in losin

新视野大学英语读写教程第三版翻译

新视野Book3 汉译英翻译 Unit 1 Translate the following paragraph into English 如今，很多年轻人不再选择“稳定”的工作，他们更愿意自主创业，依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。青年创业(young entrepreneurship)是未来国家经济活力的来源，创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活，从长远来看，对于国家更是一件好事，创业者正式让中国经济升级换代的力量。尤其是在当前，国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新，在政策上给予中小企业支持，这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。 Nowadays, many young people no longer choose“stable” jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people’s life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China’s economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people’s enthusiasm to start their own businesses. Unit 2 Translate the following paragraph into English 实现中华民族伟大复兴（rejuvenation)是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，我称之为“中国梦”，其基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。中国梦，是让每一个积极进取的中国人形成世世代代的信念：只要经过不懈的奋斗便能获得更好的生活。人们必须通过自己的勤奋、勇气、创意和决心迈向繁荣，而不是依赖于社会和他人的援助。每个中国人都是中国梦的参与者和创造者。中国梦是民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。 Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modern times. It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese. Unit 3 Translate the following paragraph into English 水墨画（ink and wash painting）是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是中国国画的代表。它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历史，其间经历了不断的发展、提高和完善。水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的毛笔、宣纸和墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。例如，水和墨相互调和，使作品具有干湿浓淡的层次。水墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意向，从而达到独特的审美效果。水墨画在中国绘画史上具有很高的地位，甚至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标准。 Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development, improvement and perfection. The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, i.e. brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings. For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness. The integration and infiltration of water, ink, and rice paper enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects.