英语听力入门第一册原文及答案

Step by step 3000 book 2

Unit1 Part 1 原文

Part 1 Warming up

A Tapescript:

The Porter Family

Mr William Porter is very old. He's 87. And Mrs Catherine Porter is80. Mr Porter is from Wales. John Porter and Mary are brother and sister John Porter is 53 and he's a lawyer.His wife Susan is 48 ,and she's an architect.James Porter and Joan Lee are cousins. James Porter is 24 and Joan Lee is 17.

B Tapescript:

Here are a few general ideas I believe help make a marriage work:

1.Go on dates with each other.Renew romantic feelings by spending special time together.

2. Be as specific as you can when you complain ,make a request ,or offer praise.

3. When stressed by fatigue or your own insecurities ,imagine you and your partner in a foxhole ,surrounded by danger.Instead of striking out at your partner ,find a way to protect the partnership!

4. When you feel "distant ," talk about it with your partner.

5. Be assured that partners in all marriages sometimes get tired,irritable ,or distracted. Work together to understand each other.

6. Respect each other.Leave if danger exists. Find professional help if physical ,sexual ,emotional ,or verbal abuse occurs.

7. Fight to "understand ," not to "win. "

C Tapescript:

Having been married for more than 40 years ,I can attest to truth of the following statement: To excel in the art of domestic argument ,one must master the art of losing

Modern psychologists are taken with the "lose-lose" solution. But inmarriage ,success resides more in "lose-lose" solutions. Out of these ,both parties can win. For in the love configuration ,losing gives a gift that always returns.

The issues that people argue over most in marriage ,such as how to spend money ,often aren't the real ones. The key issue is: who is going to be in control? When I was younger,my need to control arose out of fear,a lack of trust ,insecurity. The day I finally realized I needn't to control

my wife-that ,indeed ,I ought not to control her ,that I couldn't control her ,and that if I try to ,I would destroy our marriage - was the day our marriage began.

What is it we want most from a marriage? To love and be loved. To be happy and secure .To grow to discover A love relationship is the garden in which we plant ,cultivate and harvest the most precious of crops ,our own self,and in which our spouse is provided the same rich soil in which to bloom.

We cannot obtain what we want unless our partner also gets what he or she wants. So remember: if you want to feel loved and respected ,give up control.

Unit1 Part 1 答案

Part I - A

87, 80, 53, 48, 24, 17

Part I - B

1.spending special time together.

2.specific, complain, request, praise.

3.fatigue, insecurities, foxhole, striking out , protect.

4.distant

5.all marriages, Work together o understand

6.Respect, danger, professional, physical, verbal

7.Understand, win

Part I - C

40, excel, domestic argument, losing

win-win, lose-lose, win, a gift, returns

argue over, aren't, who, in control, fear, didn't need, ought not to , couldn't, tried to, destroy, marriage love, loved, secure, discover, garden, cultivate, the most precious, own self, bloom.

obtain, our partner, loved and respected, control.

Unit1 Part 2 原文

Part 2

A Tapescript:

Many people in Western cultures choose their own wives and husbands. In many other cultures ,spouses are often chosen by the parents In China and Japan before this century (20th century) ,upper-class marriages were arranged by the older males. In many cultures in the Middle

East ,Asia ,and pre-industrial Europe ,the man's family negotiated negotiated a"bride price" with the woman's family :the man's family was expected to pay it.In Hindu India ,the bride's family paid a "groom's price" to the family of the man. These customs are weakening : for instance ,only 9. 2 percent of Japanese marriages are now arranged.

What are the criteria for choosing mates? Most marriages-whether arranged by families or occurring from personal attraction or love-are based on similar social backgrounds. In other words ,the man and the woman come from the same social class ( or else a class that is only slightly higher or slightly lower). Among many people in Egypt ,key members of the man's family must go to the family of the woman and propose marriage. These family members must be able to show that the man's family is at least of the same social class as the woman and that a certain amount of money exists to allow the marriage to go forward.

Having the same race or the same ethnic background is the second main criterion for marriage throughout the world. In the U. S. ,where there are many different races ,only 3 percent of all marriages are between blacks and whites ,meaning that the races are still largely separate in marriage.

In many countries ,marriage is also based on the woman and man having the same religion :

this is a third common criterion for choosing a mate. In cultures in which religion is a very strong value ,marriages would often not take place if there were religious differences.

B Tapescript:

A: What do you think it is that attracts people to each other ,that makes

people want to be together?

B: I think that perhaps unfortunately in the initial stages it' s the physical

appearance that attacts. I think unless you find somebody attractive ,

unless there's something about them一it could only perhaps be the

way they smile or they laugh ,or a twinkle in their eye ,or the way a

curl falls over their forehead. But something like that has to make you

interested enough to find out more about that person ,unless that's

there I think you just don't bother.So initially physical attraction I

think is all-important.

A: Why do you say" unfortunately" ?

B: Because in fact it shouldn't be what somebody looks like that is important.You should be able to look beyond the physical appearance and see what sort of a person he or she is ,whether they're selfish or selfless ,whether they're kind ,caring. But I think initially you're not bothered with that.That comes perhaps later.

A: In pop songs and magazines and newspapers and so on ,the idea of falling in love is always emphasized ,so people have this idea that you have to fall in love. Do you think this is misleading for people? Do you think people expect something that in fact doesn't exist?

B: Yes I do ,in fact I think we can probably lay the blame for the high percentage of divorces-it's a third I think now ,isn't it?

I think one in three people get divorced. Probably as far as I can see it ,the reason is that they go into marriage or into a relationship with a very romantic view of love which I think has been created by the pop songs ,by all the love stories ,by the Barbara Cartland novels ,etc.·,that young people read. Really ,you meet someone ,you fall in love ,and that' s it ,

it' s the beginning ,they live happily ever after.And I think that' s the problem ,because people just expect that ,and it's not like that.

A: So what is it ,do you think ,that really sustains a relationship ,that keeps a relationship going?

B: Well ,I think you have to differentiate between falling in love with somebody ,which I see as more superficial ,and loving somebody ,which I see as a deeper emotion and one that perhaps lasts. Falling in love is superficial attraction ,being attracted to somebody physically , having fun together ,whereas loving somebody I think is an emotion that grows ,it comes with shared experiences ,perhaps enjoying doing the same things together ,shared hobbies ,shared interests ,suffering together as well ,going through the bad times ,helping each other , supporting each other. I think all that needs time to grow ,and I' d call that love ,and I think that' s what makes a relationship last.

C Tapescript;

For years men and women have been getting married. They say their wedding vows which bring them together as one. They promise to love and cherish each other until death do them part.

When a man and a woman get married ,it is one of the biggest decisions they will make in life. A man may select a woman because he ,in his own eyes ,sees her as the" just-right" wife for him. Every man has his own definition of what the "just-right" wife is. For instance ,the millionaire man and the poor man both may define their "just-right" wife according to her physical qualities.

A millionaire may describe his "just-right" wife as charming ,beautiful ,sexy ,intelligent ,and well developed. On the other hand ,a poor man may define his "just-right" wife as pleasing ,attractive ,desirable ,knowledgeable ,and shapely. Both men describe their" just-right" wife by the same physical qualities but use different words.

Although some men define the "just-right" wife by her physical qualities,other men describe their "just-right" wife by her athletic qualities.For example ,the outdoors man may define his "just-right" wife as a woman who loves to fish ,to camp ,to hunt ,and to water ski ,whereas the inside sportsman may define his "just-right" wife as a woman who enjoys watching football ,basketball ,baseball ,and wrestling. Both of these men define their" just-right" wife by her sports qualities but in two different atmospheres.

Men from all nationalities also have their definition of the" just-right"wife. For example ,the Italian man describes his woman as a woman who stands six feet one inch tall with blonde hair and blue eyes ,and who is well developed in the upper portion of her body. On the other hand ,the French man may describe his ideal woman as a woman who stands only five feet three inches with brown hair and green eyes ,and who is moderately built.

Other nationalities ,such as the German man .and the Spanish man , may define their" just-right" wife as a woman with style. The German man may describe his "just-right" wife as a woman who likes to drive expensive sports cars ,a woman who visits a different foreign country every month and wears only the most expensive designer clothing. But the Spanish man may define his "just -right" wife as a woman who enjoys giving dinner parties every weekend ,wearing a lot of jewelry ,and drinking expensive wines.

Unit1 Part 2 答案

Part II- A

A2

1.similar social backgrounds.

2.the same race or same ethnic background.

3.the same religion.

A3

Japan / 9.2% / arranged marriages

3% / between blacks and whites

Part II - B

1.physical appearance;

2.what somebody looks like, ....., look beyond the physical appearance

3.the high percentage of divorces.

4.falling love with somebody,..... ,loving somebody

Part II - C

one of the biggest decisions they will make in life,

as the "just-right" wife for him,

definition of what the "just-right"wife is,

the millionaire man and the poor man ,

her physical qualities,

different words,

by her physical qualities,

by her athletic qualities,

in two different atmospheres,

also have their definition of the "just-right" wife,

the German man's definition is different from the Spanish man's.

Unit1 Part 3 原文

Part 3

B Tapescript;

Ka-kate Ke-Kerry Co-Coralyn J-Jill Ca-Carole

Ka: I was on my way home from junior high and in order to get to my house you have to walk by this baseball diamond. And there was a game of baseball going on and it looked kind of interesting ,so I stopped. There weren't very many people watching. And there was this guy and he wasn't really very good-looking ,but he had frizzly hair and glasses and he was really funny. He did this kind of monologue thing ,which was great.And I went home and I told my mother I was going to marry him after talking to him for half an hour.And when I got to high school ,he was president of the student body and he asked me out and. .. we've got our picture in the yearbook together holding hands ,and it' s really nice

Ke: Well ,I' d arranged to have a drink with a . .. friend of mine . . a ... a woman friend of mine who's a platonic friend of mine. And she . .. insisted on bringing this friend of hers which . .. who she said I' d like to meet and . .. I thought she was ring to fix us up and I said ,"Please don't!" Urn . .. but she did bring this friend Urn . .. and... we hit it off.And... after the wine bar we went to . .. to have a pizza and we all got . .. had a few more drinks and . .. the other woman who ... ended up ordering a pizza that had a bunch of stuff on it that I really liked and she . .. I ordered a

pizza that had a bunch of stuff on it that she really liked ,so we picked at each other's pizzas all night and we realized that we were. .. sort of had an ideal relationship ,so that we could order really any pizza on the menu and. .. we'd both be happy. And. anyway we ended up living together and still are.

Co : Urn . .. we met at a paty and it was a fancy-dress party. A friend of mine's twenty-first and it was quite big and I went dressed as Alice in Wonderland and . .. this person ,this guy that . .. I married was dressed as the Cheshire Cat.And it just seemed so amazing that ,you know ,we were both from the same thing and we started chatting and ended up being together. J: well.... 1' d arranged to go to the cinema with a group of friends and . .. unfortunately I missed the train that would have got me to the cinema on time ,so all my friends had gone in and I was left standing outside-the film had started. So I wasn't allowed in. And . .. there was a chap outside ,he'd also missed the film and we started to talk and . .. we talked quite a bit and he said ,"Le t' s go down the road and see that film ,because that one hasn't started at the Odeon. " So we went down there and. .. well ,we've been going out ever since!

Ca: I... I first met my partner . .. when he was on a boat and I was on the river bank ,standing and looking generally into the distance and he was coming in to land with his boat and he threw me a rope and said ,"Would you mind catching this?" and I caught it and missed and tripped over it and fell in the river and he had to dive in and rescue me. And that was it!

Unit1 Part 3 答案

Part III

A baseball diamond frizzly hair / glasses/ funny/ monologue

A wine bar pizza

A fancy-dress party the man dressed as Cheshire Cat

Outside a cinema coincidence/ he'd also missed the film

A boat/ the river bank fell in river/ he dived in and rescued her

Unit1 Part 4原文

Part4

B Tapescript:

John Blanchard stood tip from the bench ,straightened his army uniform,and studied the crowd of people making their way through Grand Central Station. He looked for the girl whose heart he knew ,but whose face he didn't ,the girl with the rose. Hi s interest in her had begun thirteen months before in a Florida library. Taking a book off the shelf he found himself intrigued ,not with the words of the book ,but with the notes penciled in the margin. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind. In the front of the book ,he discovered the previous owner's name ,Miss Hollis Maynell.

With time and effort he located her address. She lived in New York City. He wrote her a letter introducing himself and inviting her to correspond. The next day he was shipped overseas for service in World War II. During the next year and one month the two grew to know each other through the mail.Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding. Blanchard requested a photograph ,but she refused. She felt that if he really cared ,it wouldn't matter what she looked like. When the day finally came for him to return from Europe ,they scheduled their first meeting-7: 00 p. m. at the Grand Central Station in New York."You will recognize me ," she wrote ,"by the red rose I' ll be wearing on my lapel." So at 7: 00 he was in the station looking for a girl whose heart he loved ,but whose face he'd never seen. I' ll let MrBlanchard tell you what happened.

A young woman was coming toward me ,her figure long and slim. Her blonde hair lay back in curls from her delicate ears. Her eyes were as blue flowers. Her lips and chin had a gentle firmness ,and in her pale green suit she was like spring time coming alive. I started toward her , entirely forgetting to notice that she was not wearing a rose. As I moved , a small ,provocative smile curved her lips. "Going my way ,sailor?" she murmured. Al most uncontrollably I made one step closer to her ,and then I saw Hollis Maynell. She was standing almost directly behind the girl. A woman well past 40 ,she had graying hair tucked under a worn hat... She was. more than plump ,her thick-ankled feet thrust into low-heeled shoes. The girl in the green suit was walking quickly away.

I felt as though I was split into two ,so keen was my desire to follow her ,and yet so deep was my longing for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned me and upheld my own. And there she stood. Her pale plump face was gentle and sensible ,her gray eyes had a warm and kindly twinkle. I did not hesitate. My fingers gripped the small worn blue leather copy of the book that was to identify me to her.This would not be love , but it would be something precious ,something perhaps even better than love.

I squared my shoulders and saluted and held out the book to the woman ,even though while I spoke I felt choked by the bitterness of my disappointment: "I' m Lieutenant John Blanchard, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me; may I take you to dinner?" The woman's face broadened into a tolerant smile. "I don't know what this is about ,son ," she answered ,"but the young lady in the green suit who just went by ,she begged me to wear this rose on my coat.And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner ,I should go and tell you that she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street.She said it was some kind of test'" It' s not difficult to understand and admire Miss Maynell's wisdom.

Unit1 Part 4答案

Part IV

Book, choked, disappointment, take you to dinner, tolerant smile, went by, rose, big restaurant, test, understand and admire

Unit2 Part 1 原文

Part1

A

Tapescript:

1.TAURUS April 21-May 21 ,represented by a bull

2.VIRGO August 23-September 23 ,represented by a young woman

3. CAPRICORN December 22-January 20 ,represented by a goat

4. PISCES February 20一-March 20 ,represented by two fish

5. AQUARIUS January 21-February 19,represented by the water-bearer

6.LEO July 23-August 22 ,represented by a lion

7. CANCER June 22-July 22 ,represented by a crab

8. ARIES March 21-April 20 ,represented by a ram

9. GEMINI May 22-June 21 ,represented by twins

10. SAGITTARIUS November 23-December 21 ,represented by a centaur (= half human and half horse) shooting an arrow

11. SCORPIO October 24-November 22 ,represented by a scorpion

12. LIBRA September 24-0ctober 23 ,represented by a pair of measuring scales

B Tapescript:

W: Hey ,Kevin. Help me fill out this personality survey. It 'll be fun.

M: Oh ,I don't know.

W: Oh ,come on . .. OK ,here's the first one - what should I put for "aggressive" ?

M: Uh-oh ... I... I' d say "very"

W: Very? Really?

M: Yeah ,sure. Look at the way you drive!

W: Well ,OK ,so I' m a very aggressive driver... but... you have to

drive like that in this city ,or you're gonna be hit ,because.

M,Uh . .. wha t' s the next one ?

W· "Selfish."

M: Oh ,not at all.

W: Really? Well ,...maybe just a little . ... I mean ,a lot of people are , right? Just a little bit? You know ,I mean ,I try to think of other people ,but sometimes I do just think of myself ,I guess.

M: OK ,OK ,so put "not very. "

W: OK.

M: But you can put" extremely" for the next one.

W: What? Oh ,"kind"?

M: Yes. Don't you think you're an extremely kind person?

W: I am? OK ,if you say so. Oh ,look at this next one.

M: Oh ,"patient" !

W:Yeah.

M: Hmm...I don't know. Sometimes you can be really patient ,but other times you're not patient at all. Like remember that time in line at the supermarket when you got...

W: OK ,OK. I get your point:I' ll put" sort of."

M: OK ,that's right.

W: Next one. .. "jealous." I guess I' m sort of jealous.

M: Sort of? I' d put "very. " Remember how angry you got when my ex-girlfriend called the other day? I thought you're gonna raise the roof.. .

W: All right ,all right."Very. "

M: Oh ,OK ,what' s the next one?

W: That' s all.

M :That's all?

W: Yeah. But now it's your turn.

C Tapescript:

1.George

W-Woman G-George

W: So what are you going to do after you graduate ,George?

G: I' m going to start my own business.

W: Oh ,really? What type of business?

G: Well ,I haven't decided yet ,but I know I' ll be successful in anything I do. In fact ,I' m going to be one of the top business people in town in less than five years. Just wait and see! I have everything it takes I' m smart ,I can organize people. And I' m full of ideas that can make money.

2. Karen

K-Karen

K: Hey! Look at this wallet on the sidewalk. Wow! There's lots of money in it . .. but no identification. umm... I wonder how I can find the owner? I guess I' ll take it to the police station and see if anyone's reported a lost wallet.

3. Pam

M-Man P-Pam

M: What are you doing tonight ,Pam?

P: Well ,I was supposed to meet Bill after work for a movie ,but I don't feel like going. I think I' ll go shopping instead.

M: Won't Bill get mad?

P: Oh ,I' m sure he can find something else to do.

M· Oh?

P: Besides ,I really need some new clothes. I haven't bought any for nearly a month!

M· Huh!

Unit2 Part 1 答案

Part I-A

1- h, 2-d, 3-j, 4-k, 5-b, 6-i,

7-g, 8-e, 9-l, 10-f, 11-c, 12-a

Part I - B

Very, not very, extremely, sort of, very

Part I- C

Ambitious and proud

Helpful and honest

Selfish and unreliable

Unit2 Part 2原文

Part2

A Tapescript:

Scientists have learned a great deal about the parts of brain and their functions. They have also studied the development of the personality ,for example ,how a baby learns to love. In recent studies at two universities in the United States ,scientists have investigated the development of self-esteem.

Self-esteem is the respect a person has for himself ,his belief in his ability and in the value of what he does. The scientists studied self-esteem in young boys. They gave them many tests. These tests measured the boys' abilities and also how they felt about their own abilities. After the tests ,the boys were divided into three groups - those with high self-esteem ,those with middle self-esteem and those with low self-esteem. The scientists continued to study the boys in all

situations. They studied them at home ,at work ,in school ,and with their friends.

From their studies ,the scientists made some observations. Boys with high self-esteem were active. They were able to express their ideas. They were successful in school and in their relations with other people. In discussions ,they led. They didn't just listen.. They were interested in world problems. They were creative and believed that they could finish whatever they started. They seldom became tired or sick. In many ways , the boys with middle self-esteem were like the boys with high self-esteem. They too expressed their ideas freely and saw the world as a good and happy place. However ,they were not sure of their own value as people. They did their best work when they were sure that other people liked them. The boys with low self-esteem were different from the other two groups. They were sad most of the time. They were afraid to start activities. They felt that no one loved them. They could not express their ideas. They were afraid of anger.In a discussion ,they listened ,but they didn't talk.

The scientists asked ,"How do some boys develop high self-esteem?" "What is different in their lives?" Some of the answers were surprising. High self-esteem did not depend upon physical appearance ,or money ,or size of family. It did not depend upon how much the mother was at home. The scientists found that there was a closeness between the boys with high self-esteem and their parents. Their parents showed real interest in them ,and spent time with them. They listened to their sons and gave them help when the boys asked for it.They knew their sons' friends. The sons knew that they were important to their parents. These parents demanded good behavior.They made definite rules. They were strict ,but not harsh. They corrected their sons' behavior by rewards ,not by punishment.They never took away their love. On the other hand ,the Parents of boys with low self-esteem let their sons do almost anything. If a boy made a mistake ,the parents punished him harshly. The boys believed that their parents didn't love them. There were no definite rules. The family life of the boys with high self-esteem was democratic. The parents made rules ,but they led in a kind and thoughtful way. They showed respect for their children's ideas ,even when they did not agree with them. They let the boys give their opinions in discussions of family plans. These boys were productive citizens. Now these scientists are studying other groups of children. They want to learn how to help children with low self-esteem feel better about themselves. In this way ,these children can become productive citizens too.

Unit2 Part 2 答案

Part II

Young boys

1. Measure the boys' abilities and how they felt about their own abilities;

2.Three groups--those with high self-esteem/middle self-esteem/low self-esteem

3. In all situation--at home/ at work/ in school/ with friends

1. Active/able to express ideas/successful in school and in relations with other people/creative/led in discussions/interested in world problems/seldom tired or sick

2. Like the boys with high self-esteem/express ideas freely/saw the world as a good and happy place/ not sure of their own value

3. Sad most time/ afraid to start activities/ felt no love/ couldn't express ideas/ afraid of anger/no talk in discussion

a. closeness

b. good behavior b.almost anything

c.definite, strict, kind and thoughtful c. no definite

d. rewards d. harsh punishment

e. democratic, respected

f. importance, taken away f. didn't love them

Unit2 Part 3 原文

Part3

A Tapescript:

When most people are sad,they know the feeling is only temporary .But there are large numbers of people who stay sad for a long time. These people suffer from the common mental sickness known as depression. Depression can affect anyone. Researchers say one out of ten persons in the world has the chance of developing a major depression at some time.

About 80 percent of the depressed patients can be helped with one of several drugs that have all been found effective in treating depression. Doctors say,however ,the drugs must be used very carefully .

Depression also can be treated without drugs. Some doctors say that moderate activity four or five times a week can help treat minor depression. For example ,running or walking rapidly for 30 minutes four times a week can improve mental as well .as physical health. The traditional treatment for depression known as psycho-therapy calls for depressed people to spend an hour or more each week talking about their condition with doctor trained to treat mental problems. Discussion is supposed to help depressed people discover new ways of thinking and dealing with probles·

Public education is needed to help people better understand depression.

B1 Tapescript:

Speaker 1

I actually. .. I ,I very rarely get angry ,en,I ,I' ve quite a long Tet er when it comes to anger ,en which doesn't mean ,I: really don't believe I' m suppressing any anger at all ,er ,but ,it manifests itself in a very sarcastic way with me. Like if for example ,I' m ,I' m ,if I' m buying a . .. railway ticket or something and the ,...the guy behind the counter is very surly and er ,you know refuses to treat me ,er like a human being , I won't be ,get angry with him but I' ll get very sarcastic with him and try to make very very clever remarks. (Oh... yes ,one of those ,yes. . . ) (laughter) And er that for me ,that for me serves its purpose. I do feel er very . .. I feel very cleansed after a situation like that. Oh ,I ,of course I do sometimes ,if it' s absolutely necessary I do get very angry ,if I' m taken

that far. But I certainly don't suppress any anger.

Speaker 2

Well ,my anger is tied up with my sleepless nights. (Laughter) I mean ,if I do not sleep well ,I wake up in the morning ,I am angry. I use any excuse to vent my anger on anybody. If I sleep well ,then everything's fine. I' m a joyous ,warm ,loving person. Sleepless nights , I' m full of anger and my anger does not ebb away unless I use a thing or somebody to vent it upon. As weak as that may sound ,that's how I work. ( mm) And it's terrible sort of admission to make to everybody here. (Laughter) If I' m looking for excuses for having woken up in a particularly bad way ,so ,er . .. in a way ,anger is something that I have to get out.I do not carry it around by weeping ,and like crying. I believe in dumping it.

B2 Tapescript:

A: Apparently ,in ,er . .. I don't know if this is true ,but in Japan ,if factory workers er get a bit uptight or angry ,they can go out into er ,the gym or something which is usually attached to the factory and there are punch bags there with pictures of their boss. (laughter) And they can go and they can spend twenty minutes punching hell out of this punch bag. (Great... oh right) And they go back to work and they feel great.

B: Oh God yes,well ,that brings us on to laughing then. (laughter) That made me laugh.

C: Well that' s one way of dealing with anger as well ,I suppose ,if you can actually remove yourself from the situation and just laugh at it. Urn ,I think laughter is ,is·again ,one of the most wonderful releases , and ,and ,er I mean I think that it' s actually been proved that you know the chemical that is released when you laugh is ,is is life-enhancing and life ,er elongating too ,you know. (Yeah) It promotes a healthy ,a healthier being.

B :And it heals wounds .

C :It does.

Unit2 Part 3 答案

Part III- A

Sad, temporary, long, suffer from mental,

Anyone, ten , developing,

80 percent, drugs, effective, carefully

Without, activity, minor, walking, 30, four, improve, physical, traditional, hour, talking, doctors, Discussion,

ways, problems

Education, understand.

Part III - B1

Joyous, warm, loving

Manifest anger vent anger on somebody

Dump anger

Part III - B2

Punch bags with pictures of their boss

Laughing at it.

Unit2 Part 4 答案

Part IV

Classifying and organizing ideas

Ability, the facts or ideas, are related to one another

Roman, Arabic, letters, standard form, decreasing importance, capital letters, small letters, To the left, to the right, equal, the same distance, easy to see, the ideas before and after it. No punctuation

Outlining, practice.

Unit 3 Part I 答案

Part I-A

1. in your imagination

think into the future, possibilities, a positive way, the starting point

2. expect to win

fulfill the vision

3. opportunity

recognize, grab, a risk taker

Part I - B

1. organizational skills

2. results oriented

3. open-minded

4. in the decision process

5. parental and citizen

6. innovation and excellence

7. the develpment

8. Cooperation

9. students needs

10. ideas and plans

11. high quality performance

12. directly and clearly

13. continuous professional development

14. their background or position

15. a consensus builder

16. leardship skills

17. your bond, trustworthy

18. the position

19. personal integrity

20. work well with others

Part I- C

Escaped poverty, master's degree, worst slums, overwhelming odds, English university

Prospectus leaflet, discarded, set his heart, violent, crime-ridden, 13, principal breadwinner, drugs, beaten, attacked, came close, overdose, gaining a place, a visa, had doubts, genuine student, be rewarded

Unit 3 Part II 原文

A 1、Tape script:

Speaker 1

I think my mum's very successful because she's managed to bring up three children - excellently - in such a horrible society that we live in today. She's taught us to be kind and loving, she taught us to share, she taught us to love our family - be very family-oriented- and I think that's really important.

Speaker 2

The person that I can think of within my life, well, I probably can think of several but the one that instantly came to mind when you popped this question to me was somebody who lives in Harpenden and who has overcome physical difficulty of arthritis remarkably well, and not allowed it to hold her back any more than is obviously necessary because of her physical disabilities. So I think she's made a very good - a great success of overcoming a difficulty.

Speaker 3

I think, Mable Davies, here who's very successful. She's a deaf lady who's now the headmistress and I think that must have been hard, so I've got a lot of respect for her, because my parents are also deaf so I know how difficult it is to work your way up having a handicap, so I've got quite a lot admiration to her. Speaker 4

I think in professional terms Kenneth Branagh, the actor, has been very successful and I think the reason for this more than anything else is that he's a very good self-publicist. He is undoubtedly a very good actor. I've not seen him on stage, I've seen him on film and he's got an enormous amount of energy and as I say, he's a very good self-publicist.

A2

Statements:

1.According to the first speaker, the most important thing that mum taught her children is to love the family.

2.When the second speaker was interviewed, the successful person that immediately came to her mind was the one with arthritis.

3.The third speaker has a lot of respect for Mable Davies because she herself is a deaf.

4.The fourth speaker thinks that the actor has got an enormous amount of energy as he saw him on stage and on film.

Unit 3 Part II 答案

Part II - A

A1

mum, bringing up 3 children

physical disabilities, physical difficulty of arthritis, hold her back

a headmistress

an actor energy, self-publicist

A2

F T F F

Part II- B1

subordinate positions, serious responsibility, threshold, broom, sweeping out, salutary branch, future partner, try his hand, sweepers

obtain employment, aim high, rest content, thoughts, concerns, at the top

prime condition, energy, thought, captital, on that line, the most

scattered their captial, brains, all wrong, watch that basket, take notice, fail, breaks, on his head, apt to tumble, lack of concentration

Part II- B2 原文

To summarize what I have said: aim for the highest; never enter a bar room; do not touch liquor, or if at all only at mea ls; never speculate; never indorse beyond your surplus cash fund; make the firm‘s interest yours; break orders always to save owners; concentrate; put all your eggs in one basket, and watch that basket; expenditure always within revenue; lastly, be not imp atient, for as Emerson says, ―no one can cheat you out of ultimate success but yourselves.‖

Unit 3 Part III原文

Part III- A

原文

Adrienne, The United State s

What are my best qualities? This is a difficult question for someone to answer I think, but I'll give it a shot. I think my best qualities are probably that I have a good sense of humor. I genuinely like people and I like talking to people and I like to be entertaining if i can possibly be.

Conrad, The United States

What is my best quality? I'd say my best quality is my friendliness. I always try to be positive and polite and friendly to people who I meet, especially the first time and I try to continue that but regardless of who they are I try to give them, you know, treat them friendly. I enjoy being friendly, so it's not really work to me. It's just part of my personality.

Lisa, Canada

What are my best qualities? My best qualities are the fact that I am a good friend. I'm considerate and caring. I'm a good listener. I can always... I'm always there to hear if my friends having a bad day or just really needs to talk, and I think I'm just really nice, even though I'm not always nice to everyone. To the people I really care and love, I will always put them into an important.... I will always make them very important in my life.

Phil, England

So what's my best quality? I think my best quality has to be the ability to laugh at myself. English humor is very much based around laughing at yourself and also laughing with others at themselves so my best quality definitely is that I can laugh at myself and with others when they laugh at me.

Simone, Sweden

What's my best quality? I think it's that I'm very open minded so I always... I'm not afraid of new things, and nothing shocks me so I learn new things a lot that most people don't because they are too narrow minded, I think.

Chip, The United States

OK, what are my best qualities? I guess the one that I think is the most important for me is to be curious. I want to find out new things, I want to go places. I want to have new experiences. I don't like to just sit around where I know everything because it stops being interesting and inspiring after awhile. I like to have new things happen to me and meet new people and that is what keeps me creative and I have fresh ideas that way.

Part III-B Tapescript:

Todd: So ,Matt,we're talking about adjectives this week and ,or qualities about people ,so let' s talk about what makes people good at what they do. First of all ,what do you think makes a good student? We're both teachers ,so in your mind what's a good student?

Matt: I think somebody who is motivated ,self-motivated and somebody who takes an interest in what they are doing and works at it ,and I mean ,as a teacher I always enjoy people who are outgoing and have a personality ,but I know reality is that not every student can be like that so you just try to ... as a student I think that the most important thing is to show

interest and participate and work outside of class.

Todd: Right ,I totally agree. OK ,so now how about work? What makes a good boss?

Matt: I' ve had so many different jobs and so many different bosses. I think a good boss is somebody who knows his . .. the people that work for him ,and he knows the strengths and he can communicate or she can communicate what they really want for each worker and somebody who can delegate to responsibility,but that shows that they know and that they care about what their minions are doing for them.

Todd: Right.OK ,now moving on ,how about what makes a good friend?

Matt: A good friend? I think somebody who just can listen and kind of unconditional love almost or like anything that you do ,anything that you do can't tarnish the relationship and somebody who is loyal and who is honest basically.

Todd: OK ,and this is the last one. What makes a good parent?

Matt: A good parent! Not that I would know from firsthand experience , but I think ,you know ,just somebody who is there always and who takes care of the child and ,you know ,spends time I think ,spends quality time. People who work hard can tend to forget about their child if they're too focused on other things and parents who really are there and listen and talk to the kid usually have the greatest success.

Todd: OK ,thanks a lot ,Matt. I appreciate your time.

Matt: Yeah

Unit 4 Part I 原文

A、Tapescript:

1、Cook need immediately in a busy downtown restaurant! You must be good and dependable. Experience

is preferred and work on weekend is required. If you are interested, please call 2359739.

2、A small private school needs English and math teachers. Applicants must have a bachelor‘s degree and

teaching certificate. Interested people please send your resume to Wales Charter School, 19 Snow Road, NYC.

3、As the world leader in imaging business from photographic to commercial to electronic imaging, we

invite application from qualified persons for the position of Marketing Communication Supervisor.

Candidates must have bachelor‘s degree in Business Administration and good PC and presentation skill.

Please apply by sending your resume to MTP, P.O. Box 354, Syracuse, NY 16493.

4、If you are a dynamic, hardworking and initiated quick learner interested in working in a challenging

environment, if you are mobile and able to travel extensively, please join our Truck Tire and Passenger Car Tire Teams and be the Area Sales Manager. Professional careers and extensive training are provided to you. Are you the right one for us? Send your detailed resume with your expected salary and recent photo to: Martin‘s Apparel, 385 Rockledge Street, Syracuse, NY15835.

5、We are among the top 50 industrial companies worldwide with an annual turnover in excess of US$40

billion. We provide for our employees not only a competitive salary and a benefits package, but also excellent career development opportunities. We are now seeking qualified people to fill the position of Buyer. Candidates‘qualifications include: a bachelor‘s degree in business or engineering, 2-3 years‘relevant working experience, good command of English, good communication and interpersonal skills and the ability to work in teams. Those who are interested please send your resume, a recent photo, contact phone number and a copy of your diploma to 962 West Avenue, Syracuse, NY18640

6、we, one of the world‘s largest food manufacturers, have the position of Accountant available. Applicants

must have a university degree in accounting or auditing, strong computer skills and a minimum of 3 years‘experience with trading companies. If you believe that you have the experience and talent to develop and grow with one of the world‘s leading food companies, please send your resume, education certificate, ID card copy and photo to 404, South 7th Street, NYC.

Part I-A 答案

Part I-A

1. cook,

Experience, work on weekends,

Call 2359739

2. English and math teachers

A bachelor‘s degree

Teaching certificate

3. Marking Communication Supervisor

Business Administration

PC and presentation

354, 16493

4. Area Sales Manager

Careers and extensive

Hardworking and initiated quick learner

Challenging

Mobile, travel extensively

Expected salary, recent photo, 385, NY15835

5. Buyer

A competitive salary and a benefits package

Career development

Business or engineering

2-3 years‘

Good command of English

Communication and interpersonal

Work in teams

Contact phone number and a copy of diploma to 962 West Avenue, Syracuse, NY 18640 6. Accountant

Accounting or auditing

Strong computer skills

3 years‘, trading companies

Education certificate, ID card copy and photo to 404, South 7th Street, NYC

Part I – B 答案

Part I – B

Web designer, the hottest jobs, six

1. Tissue engineers

Skin, on the market, growing organs in test tubes

2. Genetic programmers

Defects, smart, certain cancers

3. farmers

Crops and livestock, proteins, vaccine-carrying , cows, sheep and goats.

4. food monitors

fast-growing fish and freeze-resistant fruits

5. Hot-line handyman

Reprogramming, power up, giving abuse, home electronics, video phone

6. Narrow casters

Personalized, media and advertisers, tastes and smells.

Part I – C 原文

Tape script

…tell you about a 9-year-old boy. He is a bicycle motocross racer, and his name is Andrew Sue. He rides under Number One on the track, and he lives in Lansing, Michigan. He‘s also Number One in other ways. He weighs about 34 kilograms. The boy is a two-time BMX, that‘s Bicycle Motor Cross, national champion, and he‘s also a two-time world champion. He‘s right Number One for his age in the National Bicycle League and Number One in the American Bicycle Association‘s Michigan II District. And he‘s been a bicycle motocross racer since he was five years old. Andrew has collected more than 126 trophies for his feats on the track. His awesome display of hardware has not set around collecting dust, however. He donated many of the trophies, the hardware, to the Michigan Special Olympics. I don‘t know if you are familiar with that. Now Special Olympics on television and he decided that he had so many trophies that he ought to give them some. And he talked it over with his parents that he ought to give them some. And he talked it over with his parents and they too thought it was a good idea. His father Tom Sue says that they were sort of running out of room in the house. After seeing the crippled children on television, they knew they had found a worthwhile purpose for the trophies. And Andrew‘s unselfish gesture has brought praise from Michigan State Representative and Speaker of the House, Bobby Crimm. He wrote a letter and said, ― Your Mom and Dad must be very proud of you, Andy. You are truly an extraordinary young man.‖ And Andrew‘s parents are obviously quite proud of what their son has done both on the track as a bicycle motocross Number One winner and also by giving the trophies to handicaps, participants in the Special Olympics. He knows that those trophies will bring other people great joy too.

Part I – C 答案

Part I – C

Andrew Sue

9

34kg

Lansing, Michigan

the National Bicycle League

the American Bicycle Association‘s

BMX

World

125

donating, Special Olympics

Part II 原文

Tape script

Nineteen-year old Mark Laratonda is a local college student. He is getting useful business experience this summer at home in Pennsylvania. Mark and other students are spending their summer working for a company called Student Painters. Student Painters is based in Toronto. It operates in 28 states in the United States and in 5 Canadian provinces.

All of the mangers and painters at Student Painters are full-time college students. They are earning money for tuition and expenses for the next school year.

Student Painters was founded in 1980. Its goal is give students a chance to experience the real business world. I aratonda is a manager for Student Painters. He is also a business marketing major at Indiana University. He says, "Working at Student Painters is a great experience for me. I am learning a lot about how business operate."

Laratonda heard about Student Painters last year at his university. "I filled out an application and they called me for an interview. After the interview, they called me again and offered me a job", Laratonda said. He eagerly accepted the opportunity. He said, "It's a great chance to get experience in the business world. I get to work in many different places and I get to work outside. There a lot of responsibilities. But there are a lot of rewards. It looks good on your resume, too."

In order to become a manager, Laratonda was trained by company instructors. As a manager, he must do many things. For example, he is responsible for hiring the painters. He also does the advertising. Mar must provide equipment such as ladders, paint, and brushes for the painters. He takes care of the payroll ad writes the contracts. It is also his responsibility to do the final inspection of each project with the customer.

Laratonda supervises two groups of painters. Each group has three painters. The painters usually work eight hours a day. "The people I hired are very responsible. They work hard and get the job done. " Laratonda says.

His painters have completed 15 projects since May. They have about $40,000 worth of painting jobs to do this this summer.

Part II– C

Statements:

1、Student Painters is based in New York.

2、Student Painters was founded in 1980.

3、Student Painters operates in 50 states in the United States and in 5 Canadian provinces.

4、Mark Laratonda supervises three groups of painters.

5、Laratonda's painters have completed 15 jobs since July.

6、Company instructors trained Laratonda to become a manager.

7、Mark Laratonda is an engineering major at Indian University.

Part II 答案

Part II- B

b, a, b, a

Part II- C

F T F F F T F

Part II- D

1.hiring painters

2.doing advertising

3.providing equipment

4.taking care of payroll

5.writing contract

6.doing final inspection with customer

Part III 原文

Tape script

In order to give you as much help as possible. I have drawn up a lit of questions that you ought to ask yourself.

"Have I given thought to what I would like to be doing 15 to 20 years from now?" Bear in mind that the career you choose will affect the future course of your life. It will partially determine your range of friends, your choice of husband or wife, where you live, your recreational activities, and other important aspects of your life.

"Have I a clear knowledge of my abilities and aptitudes, as well as my interests and aims?" Be honest

about your weak points as well as your strong ones. Take a really good look at yourself and give real thought to the kind of person you are, what you are good at , and what kind of person you want to be.

"Do I know the kind of occupations in which people like myself tend to find success and satisfaction?" Once you have examined and found out about yourself, your next question is what you really do with yourself. You can gain some idea of what other people, with similar abilities and interests, consider to be important and challenging in the careers that they choose, by talking to people already in the careers that interest you. Watch these people at work.

"Have I weighted carefully the immediate advantages against the long-term prospects offered by the jobs I am considering?" Will the occupation you select give you satisfaction, not just when you start, but in the years to come? Realize now the importance of education in all fields, technical and professional. Remember that when promotion occurs, preference is usually given to educated persons--other things being equal.

"Have I talked about my job preferences with my guidance counsellor, my parents, my teachers and my headmaster?" Remember they have tremendous fund of experience from which you should benefit. They can help you think about the jobs in which you will find satisfaction and challenge. They can stimulate you to give careful thought to what you really what to do, and offer useful suggestions as to how you might take full advantage of your personal qualities and qualifications.

"Have I made a real study of jobs? It takes a very long time to find the work that suits you the best. Reading about and studying a number of occupations is something you should do over and over again.

"How do I regard my job? Is it just a means of getting money to do the things that I want to do ? Is the work important to me and my future happiness and contentment? Is it a combination of both these things?"

The above questions and their answers should give you some better ideas about how you should start planning your career. Your life-long job can not be approached in any kind of haphazard fashion. It must be considered carefully, examined from every angel, talked over with those who know you and those who can help you in any way.

Part III 答案

Part III-A

Question 1: 15 to 20 years

Question 2: my abilities and aptitudes, as well as my interests and aims

Question 3: find success and satisfaction

Question 4: the immediate advantages, the long-term prospects

Question 5: my guidance counsellor, my parents, my teachers and my headmaster.

Question 6: Have I made a real study of jobs?

Question 7: regard, a means of getting money, my future happiness and contentment, combination.

Part III-B

1.Affect/ future course of life/ determine/ friends/ husband or wife/ where you live/ recreational activities/ other aspects

2.Weak points/ strong ones/ what kind/ you want to be

3.What/ other people / important and challenging/ talk to people/ watch/ at work

4.Satisfaction/ not just start/ years to come/ importance of education / promotion/ preference/ educated persons

5.Experience/ benefit/ help/ think about/ stimulate/ really want to do / offer suggestions/ take advantage of/ qualities and qualifications

6.Read about/study/ over and over again

Part IV 原文

Tape script:

Of all things in th world, I most dislike filing up forms. In fact, I have a positive horror of it. Applying for a driving license, registering for an evening course, booking a holiday abroad- everything nowadays seems to involve giving information about one's personal life and habits that has little or nothing to do with the matter in hand. When applying for a job, it may be of some obscure interest to a prospective employer to learn that I collect stamps or bad measles as child. But why should he conceivably want to know that my father was a tobacconist to live in Foreland and died when he was 82. The authorities who require one to fill up forms frequently demand answers to questions that one would hesitate to put to one's intimate friends. The worst of it is that, when confronted with such questions, my mind goes blank and I can hardly remember my own date of birth, let alone my nationality. Have I ever suffered from a serious illness? Have I ? What do they mean by "serious"? I had my tonsils out in hospital when I was eight, and my mother always assured me I was delicate, but father contended I was born lazy. Do I suffer from my personal defects? Well, I wear contact lenses and my upper teeth are not my own. But perhaps the word "defect" applies to my character. Am I supposed to admit that I like gambling and find it difficult to get up in the morning, both of which are true? Of all, I think job applications are the worst- education, pervious experience, posts held, give dates. Terrified by the awful warning about giving false declarations, which appears at the bottom of the form, I struggle to remember what exams I passed and how long I worked for what firms. However hard I try, there always seems to be a year or tow for which I can not satisfactorily account and which, I am certain, if left blank, will give the impression that I was i prison or engaged in some occupations too dubious to mention. Even when the form is safely posted, there is no relief as I hourly await the summons from some furious official to explain the discrepancies on my form.

Part IV 答案

Part IV

Filling up forms

General views:

1.Personal life, habits, little or nothing, the matter in hand

2.Hesitate, intimate friends, goes blank

3.The worst

4.No relief

Supporting details

A.Driving license/ evening course/ holiday abroad

Applying for job/ stamps/ measles/ father tobacconist/ in Foreland/ died at 82

B. Date of birth/ nationality/ serious illness/ tonsils/ delicate/ lazy/ personal defects/ contact lenses/ upper teeth not own/ character/ gambling/ difficult to get up

C. Education/ previous experience/ posts held/ dates/ struggle to remember/ exams/ how long/ what firms/ if blank/ in prison/ dubious occupation

D. Summons/ explain discrepancies

Unit 5 Part I 原文

Part I-A

1.The gasoline automobile was invented by Gottlieb Daimler, the German engineer, in 1885 His construction of the first high-speed internal-combustion engine led to the development of the automobile industry.

2.The barometer, the instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure, was invented by Evangelista Torricelli, the Italian physicist and mathematician, in 164

3.

3.The polarod camera, which takes and prints photos in one step, was invented in 1947 by the American inventor and industrialist Edwin Herbert Land.

4.The pendulum clock was invented by the Dutch mathematician and physicist Christiaan Huygens in 1657.

5.The diesel engine, which is heavier and more powerful than the gasoline engine and which burns fuel of oil instead of gasoline, was named after its inventor Rudolph Diesel, the German engineer in 1892.

6.Dynamite, the improved explosives with great safety, was invented in 1866 by the Swedish chemist Alfred Bernhard Nobel. He established a fund to provide annual awards called Nobel Prizes, in the sciences, literature, and the promotion of international peace.

7.He kaleidoscope was invented in 1817 by Sir David Brewster, the Scottish physicist and natural philosoper.

8.The piano, a key-board musical instrument, was invented in 1709 by the Italian harpsichord maker, Bartolomeo Cristofori.

9.The sewing machine, which greatly revolutionized clothes-making, was invented by Elias Howe, an American inventor in 1846.

10.The typewriter, its first practical commercial model, was invented in 1867 by the American inventor Christopher Sholes and was manufactured by the American gunsmith Philo Reminton 1874.

Part I-A 答案

Part I-A

Gasoline automobile, German, engineer, 1885

Barometer, Italian, physicist & mathematician, 1643

Polaroid camera, America, inventor & industrialist, 1947

Pendulum clock, Dutch, mathematician & physicist

Diesel engine, German, engineer, 1892

Dynamite, Swedish, chemist, 1866

Kaleidoscope, British, physicist & natural philosopher, 1817

Piano, Italian, harpsichord maker, 1709

Sewing machine, American, inventor, 1846

Typewriter, American, inventor, 1867

Part I – B 原文

Tape script

1、People in England made the first computer. It was built in 1943. It was made to help England understand secret messages during World War II.

2、Someone in Australia invented the fax machine. After the fax machine was invented, it first became popular in East Asia.

3、Folding fans came from Japan. They were invented in Japan almost 800 years ago.

4、The first car came from Germany. It was invented by Karl Benz in 1885. Benz is still famous. His name is on the Mercedes-Benz car.

5、A man in Canada invented the chocolate bar. He lived in Nova Scotia- in the eastern part of Canada. He invented the chocolate bar in 1800s.

6、The first really accurate calendar was invented in Mexico. This calendar was made about 1,500 years ago. That's when people learned that the year was 365 days long.

7、The first mechanical clock was invented in China. It was invented in the year 725-over1,250 years ago.

8、People think Africans created the first puppets. Actually, no one is sure, but puppets were probably created to help tell stories.

Part I – B 答案

Part I – B

1- a 2- d 3- e 4- i 5- f 6-j 7-g 8-b

Part I –C 原文

Tape script

1.The design of paper clips is perfect. There's been little improvement since Norwegian Johan Vaaler got his American patent in 1901. Only about 20% are actually used to clip papers.

2.Post-it is one of the top five best-selling office suppliers. To make Post-its, introduced in 1980, 3M had to develop the adhesive, primer, back-side coating and new manufacturing equipment.

3.The first cellular phone was developed in 1973 by Martin Cooper at Motorola, and a test of 1,000 such phones followed in Chicago. The Federal Communication Commission authorized cellular service in 1982, and we haven't shut up since. More than a third of all households in the U.S subscribe.

4.Among those credited with making electric washing machines was Alva J. Fisher. The machines used wringers to remove water from clothes. Truly automatic machines appeared in the 1930s. An early ad for a GE washer read, "If every father did the family washing next Monday, there would be an electric washing machine in every home by Saturday night. "

5.Oh, baby, what a convenience1 Procter & Bamble's Pampers, born in 1961, were first used only for special occasions. Now the 95% of American parents who buy disposable diapers will spend up to $2,100 a child to avoid washing diapers.

6.Zippers were invented in 1913 by Swedish immigrant Gideon Sundback at Universal Fastener Co. in Pennsylvania. B.F. Goodrich first used the word to refer to a fastener on a pair of its galoshes; it as not used in clothes until 1930s. By 1941 zippers beat the pants off buttons in the Battle of the Fly.

7.Johnson&Johnson sold $3,000 worth of handmade Band-Aids in 1921, the year it introduced them. A company cotton buyer, Earle Dickson, had created them at home for his accident-prone wife. He then convinced his boss that the strips had merit.

8.Otto Wichterle, a Czech scientist, created the first soft contact lens in 1961. Bausch & Lomb bought the right s to his process for a reported $3 million in 1966.

Part I –C 答案

Part I – C

paper clips -1901

post-its -1980

celluar phone -1973

automatic washing machines -1930s

disposable diapers -1961

zippers -1913

Band-Aids -1921

soft contact lenses -1961

Part II 原文

Tape Script

Today, we tell about the discoveries of ten important scientists of the past 1,000 years.

The earliest of these important scientists was Johannes Gutenberg. He lived in Germany from about 1395 until about 1468. Johannes Gutenberg invented the type mould and the first successful system of movable type used in Europe. This made printing books faster and easier. Johannes and others used his invention to produce books in the City of Mainz during the 1400s. The system he invented remained unchanged for 350 years.

Nicolaus Copernicus was another important scientist. He is considered the founder of the modern science of astronomy, the study of the planets and stars in the universe. Nicoluas Copernicus was born in Poland in 1473. At that time, most scientists accepted the idea that the earth was at the center of the universe and did not move. The Greek astronomer Ptolemy

新视野听力原文及答案

UNIT 5 VI. Further Listening and Speaking Task1: Hot Business Ideas Business ideas are all around you. Many business ideas come from a careful analysis of market and consumer needs. If you are interested in starting a business, but don’t know what product or service you might sell, here are some ways that may help you find one. First of all, you should study how to value to an existing product. The difference raw wood and finished wooden products is a good example of putting a product through an additional process that increases its value. But additional processes are not the only way value can be added. You might also add services, or combine one product with other products. For instance, a local farm which sells produce can also offer a vegetable delivery service—for a free. What business ideas can you develop along these lines? Focus on what products you might buy, and what you might do to them or with them to create a profitable business. Some people have another way of making profit. They improve an existing products or service. We all know that the person who can build a better mousetrap will make a lot of money. That person could be you! A local entrepreneur has created an improved version of the hula hoop. It’s bigger and heavier, so hula-hoopers can control it more easily and do more tricks. How did she come up with this business idea? She thought hula hooping would be a fun thing to do with her daughter, but found the commercially available product too flimsy. There are very few products or services that can’t be improved. Start generating business ideas by looking at the products and services you use and brainstorming ideas as to how they could be better. 1. What is the first way the speaker mentions that helps you produce a business idea? 2. Which of the following methods does the speaker NOT mention? 3. Why does the speaker mention the mousetrap? 4. Which of the following is true according to the passage? 5. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? Keys: 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.D Task 2: What do you know about business? Historically, the term business referred to activities or interests. By extension, the word became, as recently as the 18th century, synonymous with “an individual commercial enterprise”. When referring to activities, the terms business and industry sometimes appear interchangeable. Thus a fisherman might say either that he is in the “fishing business”, which is a bit colloquial or that he works in the “fishing industry”, which sounds somewhat formal. The word “trade” m ay serve as an equivalent of both “business” and “industry”. People establish business in order to perform economic activities. With some exceptions, such as non-profit organizations and institutions of the government, businesses exist to product profit. In other words, the owners and operators of a business have receiving or generating a financial return for their time, effort and capital as one of their main objectives. One can classify businesses in many different ways. In recent years, service businesses have become increasingly popular. They offer intangible products and typically have different, usually smaller, capital requirements than manufacturers. Distributors need smaller funds than manufacturers. Most laws specify the forms that a business can take, and a body of commercial law has been developed for each type. Some common types include partnerships, corporations, also called limited liability companies, and sole ownerships. Task3: An office boy or a billionaire? A jobless man applied for the po sition of “office boy” at Microsoft. The human resource manger interviewed him, and gave him a test: clean the floor. “You are engaged,” he said, “give me your email address, and I’ll send you the application form to fill and tell you when you will start.”The man replied, “I don’t have a computer or an email.”

【参考借鉴】现代大学英语听力1原文及答案.doc

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