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近年高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气试题汇编

2011年高考题

1.(2011全国卷,32) They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.

A.will

B.can

C.must

D.should

答案 D

解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。”will have done将来可以完成；can have done可能做过……吗？表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句；must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做。but their flight was delayed这样的结果，说明他们本来该到达却没有到达，因此选D。

2.(2011全国卷II,8) If you smoke, please go outside.

A. can

B. should

C. must

D. may

答案 C

解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。”must (表示主张)一定要，坚持要。根据后一句please go outside的要求，选C。

近年高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气试题汇编

2011年高考题

3.（2011北京卷,24）——I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?

——Don’t worry. He come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.

A. must not

B. need not

C. would not

D. might not

答案 D

解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——我真不喜欢James。你为何请了他？——别担心。他可能来不了。他说他的计划还没安排好。”题干中的he wasn’t certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定might not。选D。

4.（2011北京卷,28）——Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.

——I wish they always late.

A. weren’t

B. hadn’t been

C. wouldn’t be

D. wouldn’t have been

答案 A

解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。——我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气，题干中出现always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。选A。

5.（2011北京卷,30）Maybe if I science, and not literature then,

I would be able to give you more help.

A. studied

B. would study

C. had studied

D. was studying

答案 C

解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科，现在就能给你更多的帮助。”then表示过去的时间，if引导的从句是对过去的虚拟，因此使用过去完成时。选C。

6.（2011天津卷,15）I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.

A. had come

B. was coming

C. would come

D. would have come

答案 D

解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didn’t know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。

7.（2011上海春招,27）Some young people these days just ______ go out of their homes to contact the real world.

A. mustn’t

B. won’t

mightn’t D. shouldn’t

答案 B

解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustn’t禁止，不允许；won’t不愿意，就是不，偏不，具有

主观性；mightn’t可能不；shouldn’t不应该。根据句意选B。

8.（2011江苏卷,34）——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.

——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.

A. will have stolen

B. might have stolen

C. should have stolen

D. must have stolen

答案 B

解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是，有人拾到交给了铁路部门。——失而复得，简直难以置信！我是说，本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done将来可以完成，must have done一定

做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测，都与题意不符。should have done本

来应该做某事，而实际没做，这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过，语气比较婉转或不肯定，根据句意选B。

9.（2011福建卷,25）——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?

——I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .

A.will

B.must

C.may

D.can

答案 B

解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗？——恐怕你得这样做，以防他开会迟到。”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得。根据后半句，选B。

10.（2011福建卷,34）——Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.

——I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.

A.attended

B.had attended

C.would

sttend D.would have attended

答案 D

解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。——我本可以去听的，但我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟，用主语

+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。

11.（2011安徽卷, 26）——What do you think of store shopping in the future?

——Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____.

A. will never replace

B. would never replace

C. will never be replaced

D. would never be replaced

答案 C

解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——你对将来的商店购物怎么看？——我个人认为会与在家购物并存，但商店购物不会被取代。”根据I think it will exist along with home shopping，排除虚拟的选项D，这是表示将来的时间，考虑到被动语态，选C。

12.(2011浙江卷,11) ——How’s your new babysitter?

——We ________ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.

A. should

B. might

C. mustn‘t

D. couldn’t

答案 D

解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——你的新保姆怎么样？——找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。”should应该；might可能，可以；mustn‘t

禁止；couldn’t不可能。根据句意选D。

13.（2011四川卷,20）The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they .

A.can

B.may

C.must

D.should

答案 A

解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子，但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切。”can可以，能够；may可能，许可；must必须；should应该。根据句意，选A。

14.（2011重庆卷,25）——Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?

—— I wanted to ,but my mom simply _________ not let me out so late at night.

A. could

B. might

C. would

D. should

答案 C

解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会？——我想来的，但我妈妈就是不愿我这么晚出来。”could可以，能够，表示可能性或用于婉转语气；might可能，表示不确定；would愿意，偏要，表示意志；should应该，表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。

15.（2011陕西卷,22）I__________through that bitter period without your generous help.

A. couldn’t have gone

B. didn’t go

C. wouldn’t go

D. hadn’t gone

答案 A

解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“没有你的慷慨帮助，我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。”that bitter period表示过去的时间，对过去的虚拟语气用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选A。

16.（2011陕西卷,24）——Will you read me a story ,Mummy?

——OK. You________have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.

A. might

B. must

C. could

D. shall

答案 D

解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——妈妈，可以读一个故事给我听吗？——好的，如果你马上上床睡觉的话。”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，题中是母亲对儿子的承诺，故选D。

17.（2011湖南卷,28）No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.

A. can

B. need

C. must

D. might

答案 A

解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can 可以，能够；need需要；must必须；might可能。故根据题意，选A。

18.(2011辽宁卷,21) If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.

A. can

B. may

C. must

D. will

答案 C

解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得走话，至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”

can可以，能够；may 可能，许可；must(表示主张)一定要，坚持要；will将要，愿意。根据后句的劝告，选C。

19.（2011江西卷23）It _______ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.

A. mustn’t

B.can’t

C.wo n’t

D.needn’t

答案：B

解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟

呢。”mustn’t 禁止，不允许；can’t 不可能；won’t 不愿意，就是不，偏不；needn’t 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”，only一词肯定语气强烈，前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选B。

20.（2011江西卷28）We _____John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.

A.will put

B. will have put

C. would put

D. would have put

答案：B

解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“要不是因为他最近受伤，我们本应该把John的名字加进昨天的比赛名单中。”but for 是虚拟语气的提示，yesterday 表示过去的时间。对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选B。

1. （10安徽32）

Jack described his father, who _______a brave boy many years ago, as a strong–willed man

A. would be

B. would have been

C. must be

D. must have been

答案：D.

考点：本题考查情态动词推测用法。

解析：句意为“杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人，他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。”

用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。

2.（10湖南23）

You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.

A. must

B. mustn't

C. have

to D. don't have to

答案：D

考点：情态动词

解析：don’t have to 意为“没有必要”，符合语境，句意为：“你没有必要买礼物，但如果你

想买的话，你也可以买。”

3. （10江西23） I have told you the truth. ______ I keep repeating it?

A Must

B Can

C May

D Will

答案：A

解析： must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性动作, 前半句说我

告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响,

既然我已经

说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗？

4. （10山东25）I_______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams.

A. shouldn’t

B. needn’t

C. couldn’t

D. mustn’t

答案：A

考点：本题考查情态动词的用法。

解析：句意应为“我本来不应该看那部电影的----它会使我做噩梦的。”表示“本来不应该

做而做了某事”用shouldn’t have done, 所以A项正确。

5. （10天津9）

Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.

A. needn’t

B. wouldn’t

C. mustn’t

D. couldn’t

答案：A.

考点：考查情态动词。

句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后，他早半个小时到达了。

解析：根据后面的语境，提前半个小时到达，说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙，所以用needn’t

have done 结构，表示“本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。

6. （10四川3）

— I take the book out? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m

—I'm afraid not.

A. Will

B. May

C. Must

D. Need

答案：B

考点：考查情态动词。

解析：表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may.

句意为：“我可以将这本书带出去吗？”“恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。正确答案为B。w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m

7. （10全国Ⅰ29）

.Just be patient .You ______ expect the world to change so soon .

A. can’t

B. needn’t

C. may not

D. whether

答案：A

句意：耐心一点儿，你不能期望世界变化如此快。

解答：通过选项此题考察情态动词，can't在否定句中可以表示推测，译为不可能，，可以

表示能力，译为不能够，也可以表示命令，不允许，但是语气比mustn't弱，具有劝慰的

意思，根据句意此题中选择A，can't表示劝慰

8. （10江苏25）

—I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.

—Don’t worry. You______ have it by Friday.

A. could

B. shall

C. must

D. may w_

答案：B，

解析：shall在第二人称中表示允诺，还可以表示强制，命令，威胁，警告。还有在法律条

文中的要求或规定。

陕西 23） 9. （

May I take this book out of the reading room?

No, you . You read it in here.

A. mightn’t

B. won’t

C. needn’t

D. mustn’t

答案：D

解析：考查情态动词。英语中用could，might表示询问或征求意见的问句中，肯定性应答

要用can或may来代替could或might，而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用

mustn’t，故本题选D。

10. （10全国Ⅱ17）I’m afraid Mr. Harding _________see you now. He’s busy.

A. can’t

B. mustn’t

C. shouldn’t D .needn’t

答案：A

解析：情态动词考查。结合语境，根据情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时，要用can’t。

11. （10湖北79）

It’s said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they ________（不可能做到）

because the ocean in between is too wide. (do)

答案：can’t/ couldn’t have done it

考点：情态动词

解析：当要对过去进行肯定的推测时，要用“can’t/couldn’t+have+done”的结构

12（10辽宁26）

.Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise.

A．can B．will C．must D．may

答案：C

句意：医生说锻炼对身体重要，但是必须是有规律的锻炼。

解析：考查情态动词。Can一般表示“可能，或能力”；will表示“意志”；may 表示“许可，

可能”；must表示“必须”。

13. （10北京23） ---Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel

Department.

--Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters.

A. might

B. must

C. would

D. can

答案：B

考点:本题考查情态动词在语境中的运用。

解析：第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约，那下面的人就回应说，"那您一定就是Mrs.

Peters了"因此排除A,C.D

14. （10浙江17）

“You ____ have a wrong number,” she said. “There’s no one of that name here.”

A. need

B. can

C. must

D. would

答案：C

考点：情态动词

15. （10上海29）---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.

---Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.

A. must

B. mustn't

C. should

shouldn't

答案：C

考点：本题考查的是虚拟语气

解析：此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have + 过去分词。

本来应该做，而未做

16. （10安徽26）

Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_______

A. was busy

B. is busy

C. had been busy.

D. will be busy

答案：A.

考点：本题考查虚拟语气与时态。

解析：前句表示对过去的虚拟，而but之后表示过去的客观事实，故用一般过去时态。17. （10湖南29）

If he my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.

A. followed

B. should follow

C. had

followed D. would follow 答案：C

考点：考查虚拟语气。

解析：根据“wouldn’t have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，

故选C项。

18. （10天津15）

John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.

A. should tell

B. tells

C. told

D. had told

答案：D.

考点：考查虚拟语气。

句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话，我会跟他一起去的。

解析：前一句是陈述语气，说明动发生在过去，而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone

说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构，应该用had +过去分词。

19（10江苏34）

. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture.

A. focus

B. focused

C. would focus

D. had focused

答案：选B

解析：would rather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式

陕西15） 20.（

If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.

A. take

B. had taken

C. took

D. have taken

答案：B.

解析：考查虚拟语气。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语，根据主句的谓语动词

形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反，故所填部分用had+过去分词形式，

选B。

21. （10湖北76）

Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention ________ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)

答案：(should) be discussed

考点：虚拟语气

解析：“insist”引导的宾语从句要用虚拟，从句结构是“should”（可省略）加动词原形，

主语“problem” 是要“被讨论”。

22.（10北京34）

--The weather has been very hot and dry.

--Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .

A. wouldn't die

B. didn't die

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5d17800222.html,/gaokao/beijing

C. hadn't died

D. wouldn't have died

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5d17800222.html,/gaokao/beijing

答案：D

考点：本题考查虚拟语气中对过去的虚拟。

解析：第二个说话人的If条件句是我们选择正确答案的关键。要是当时下雨了，现在的

情况就好的多了！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。过去没有下雨，所以我的蔬菜干死了也是发

生在过去。而将句子还原则为If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldn't have died.

If+ had done,主句为couldn’t/ shouldn't/ wouldn't have done.

23．（10浙江10）

Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .

A．would have been saved B．had been saved

C．will be

saved D．was saved

答案： A

考点：本题考查虚拟语气。

解析：根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：If I had known about

this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .故选择A。句意为：如果我

早知道这个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。

(09安徽29)

Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people.

A. must

B. may

C. should

D. would

答案B

2. (09北京25)

One of the few things you ____ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.

A. need

B. must

C. should

D. can

答案B

3. (09福建35)

But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.

A. would not win

B. would not have won

C. would win

D. would have won

答案B

解析虚拟语气。此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用

would/should/could/might + have done结构，故选B。

. (09湖南30)

—It’s the office! So you know eating is not allowed here.

— Oh, sorry.

A. must

B. will

C. may

D. need

答案A

解析句意为：这是办公室！因此你必须知道吃的不允许带到这里。must表示“绝不”的意思。

5. (09海南25)

What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There be twelve

A. should

B. would

will D. shall

答案 A

解析你这是什么意思，只有十张票吗?应该有十二人。should表示“应该，应当”。

6. (09上海27)

It_____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.

A. may

B. can

C. must

D. should

答案 C

7. (09四川13)

—I don’t care what people think.

—Well, you _______

A. could

B. would

C. should

D. might

答案 C

解析考查情态动词的用法。答话的人提了一个建议——你应该关注别人对你的评价的。should可以用来向别人提建议，所以答案为：C

8. (09天津15)

This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.

A. would

B. should

C. could

D. might

答案 B

9. (09重庆32)

—Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?

—She_____in the classroom. I saw her there just now.

A. shall be

B. should have been

C. must be

D. might have been

答案C

10. (09全国Ⅱ20)

I can’t leave. She told me that I stay here until she comes back.

A. can

B. must

C. will

D. may

答案 B

11. (09江苏28)

He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.

A. could express

B. would express

C. could have expressed

D. must have expressed

答案C

2008年高考题

1.(08全国Ⅱ17)

Liza well not want to go on the trip—she hates traveling.

A.will

B.can

C.must

D.may

答案 D

解析句意为：Liza极有可能不想去旅行——她讨厌旅行。may well很可能，极有可能，表示猜测。

当表示猜测时，will和can不能与well连用，must只能用于肯定句中。

2.(08北京21)

John promised his doctor he not smoke， and he has never smoked ever since.

A.might

B.should

C.could

D.would

答案 D

解析句意为:约翰答应医生他不再吸烟，从那以后，他再也没有吸过烟。由句意可知空格处表示允诺，故应选

择D项。

3.(08天津6)

She have left school， for her bike is still here.

D.needn’t

答案 A

解析句意为：她不可能离开了学校，因为她的自行车仍然在这儿。can’t表示不可能；wouldn’t have done

表虚拟；shouldn’t have done本不该做(却已做了）；needn’t have done本没必要做(但已做了）。

4.(08江西26)

What a pity!Considering his ability and experience， he better.

A.need have done

B.must have done

C.can have

done D.might have done

答案 D

解析句意为：太遗憾了！鉴于他的能力和经验，他本可能做得更好。need have done本来有必要做（而没做）；must have done是对过去发生的事情的肯定的推测，表示“过去一定做了”；can have done是对过去发生的事情的不肯定的推测；might have done表示“本来可以”。

5.(08湖南28)

You don’t have to know the name of the author to find a

book.You find the book by the

title.

A.must

B.need

C.can

D.would

答案 C

解析句意为：要找到一本书你不一定非要知道作者的名字。你可以根据书的标题找到这本书。can表示“可以，能够”。

6.(08陕西9)

—What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?

—Well， it be big—that’s not important.

D.won’t

答案 B

解析句意为：“你想要什么样的房子？要大的吗？”“噢，它不需要很大，那不重要。”由...that’s not import ant.

这一语境可知，空格处应表示“不需要”，故须用needn’t。

7.(08四川10)

Although this sound like a simple task，great care is needed.

A.must

B.may

C.shall

D.should

答案 B

解析句意为：尽管这听起来可能像一项简单的任务，但是需要非常仔细。must 一定，必须；may可能，可以；

shall将要；should应该。各自表达的意义不同，选may最妥当。

8.(08重庆30)

—I can’t find my purse anywhere.

—You have lost it while shopping.

A.may

B.can

C.should

D.would

答案 A

解析 may表达推测之意，意为“可能……”。

9.(08浙江11)

You be hungry already— you had lunch only two hours ago!

A.wouldn’t

B.can’t

C.mustn’t

D.needn’t

答案 B

解析句意为：你不可能饿了，你两个小时之前才吃的午饭！can’t指不可能；mustn’t表猜测时，不能用于否定句；

Needn’t指没有必要。

10.(08福建24)

It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it be rather cold sometimes.

A.must

B.can

C.should

D.would

答案 B

解析 must必然，一定；can可能；should应该；would（过去）将，总会。本题提供的语境是“有时可能会……”。

11.(08辽宁22)

Peter be really dif ficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.

A.shall

B.should

C.can

D.must

答案 C

解析句意为：虽然彼得总体上来说是一个好人，但有时真的难以相处。can在这里不表示主观的推测，而表示

客观的可能性。

12.(08江苏35)

—I’m sorry.I at you the other day.

—Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.

A.shouldn’t shout

B.shouldn’t have shouted

C.mustn’t shout

D.mustn’t have shouted

答案 B

情态动词与虚拟语气

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情态动词虚拟语气练习及答案

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2018年高考英语真题分类汇编专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气含答案

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情态动词和虚拟语气

情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词的用法要点一、表能力 Can Am/is/are able to 表现在的能力 Will be able to 表将来的能力 could Was/were able to 表过去得能力 Could have+过去分词：表示过去有能力做但未做二、表推测（可能性） 1.可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。所谓客观的（理论的）可能性即并不涉及具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。情态动词can可用于肯定句中表示客观的（理论的）可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，can一般不用于肯定句。 Accidents can happen on such rainy days. We may go to the cinema tonight, but we are not sure yet. 2.表示具体事情实际发生的可能性：（2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，may, must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句（may not 表示“可能不”）；can常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思；could既可用于肯定句又可用于否定句、疑问句中。 This can’t/ couldn’t be done by him. This may not be done by him. He could be on his way home now. Can this be done by him? Mr Mush is on time for everything. How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? I didn’t hear the phone. I must have been asleep. ---Are you coming to Jeff’party? ---I’m not sure. I might go to the concert instead. (3) would, could, should, might 并不一定与过去时间有关，而表示可能性弱于它们相应的现在时形式。 This may/ might be done by him. (4)should 表推测时，表示确定或可能有的未来或期望，即合乎理想的情况或结果 He ought to/ should be here on time---he started early enough. We should arrive before dark. The roads should be less crowded today. 三、表示请求、允许、允诺 1.当对方是决策者时，你代表你（们）自己（I, we），或代表第三者（he she they）向对方（you）请示或提出建议时用：

2018年专四真题虚拟语气和情态动词章振邦语法书页数标注

Subjunctive mood (P122, p. 129. P 143 动词过去完成体P181-190, 395)条件句 14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.” The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___. (p128) 2017 A. past event for exact time reference B. present event for tentativeness C. present event for uncertainty D. past event for politeness V. in specific contexts, the simple past can also denote the present or the future time. There are two uses. One is known as the attitudinal past (属于“表态性过去时” (attitudinal past), 即表示说话人当前的试探性态度, 而非过去时间, 多用于表示意愿或心理状态的动词) , that is , the past tense is associated with the present time in independent clauses expressing a question, request or suggestion. Its effect is to make the question/request/suggestion less direct, implying a polite, somewhat tentative attitude试探性态度，婉转语气on the part of the speaker. A: Did you want me? B.Yes, I wondered if you could give me some help . Want, wonder, think, hope

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情态动词和虚拟语气 1. Jack descried his father, who ________a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-wiled man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been ） 2. —Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. —Ah, good morning. You _______ be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D. can 3.Teachers recommend parents _______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow 4. You_______ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to 5. —I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. —Don’t worry. You________ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. may w_w w. k#s 6. I have told you the truth I keep repeating it? A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will 7. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise. A. can B. will C. must D. may 8. Just be patient. You ________ expect the world to change so soon. A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. will not 9. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ________ see you now. He’s busy. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 10. I _______ have watched that movie—it’ll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t 11. –May I take this book out of the reading room? –No, you . You read it in here. A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 12. —Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. —Oh, you _________ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 13. —_______ I take the book out? —I'm afraid not. A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need 14. Mark _______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t 15. “You ________ have a wrong number,”she said. “There's no one of that name here.” A. need B. can C. must D. would 16. You ________ park here! It’s an emergency exit. A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t 17. If he _______ my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 18. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he _______ more on its culture. A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused 19. If we ________ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken 20. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _______. A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved 21. —The weather has been very hot and dry.

情态动词和虚拟语气

要点一情态动词的基本用法 ,could 【温馨提示】 can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。常译为“有时会”。 ,might 【温馨提示】 may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。 ,would 【温馨提示】 would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。

,should,ought to ,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must的问句时,否定回答通常用needn’t或don’t have to。(2) mustn’t表示“禁止;不许”;而don’t have to表示“不必”。(3) must只有一种形式,而have to有人称、时态的变化。的用法的用法

【温馨提示】 (1)dare用作情态动词有dare,dared两种形式。 (2)dare用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to可省去,但dare以动词-ing形式出现时,不定式符号to不能省略。要点二“情态动词+have done ”的用法 have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can’t/cannot have done。 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。 I saw Mr Wang just can’t have gone abroad. 刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。 have done意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。 You could have made greater progress,but you didn’t try your best. 你本来可以取得更大的进步,但是你没有努力。 might have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断,意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为: may/might not have done意为“可能没有做……”。 It’s no use going to his may not have gone may have gone somewhere else. 去他家没用。他可能没有回家,可能已经去了别的地方。 ought to have done表示本应该做某事,却没有做,含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to

情态动词和虚拟语气

谓语动词(情态动词、虚拟语气) 要点一情态动词的基本用法【温馨提示】can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。常译为“有时会”。 2.may,might 【温馨提示】may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。【温馨提示】would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。 4.shall,should,ought to

5.must,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must 的问句时,否定回答通常用 needn ’t 或don ’t have to 。(2) mustn ’t 表示“禁止;不许”;而don ’t have to 表示“不必”。(3) must 只有一种形式,而have to 有人称、时态的变化。 7.dare 的用法【温馨提示】 (1)dare 用作情态动词有dare,dared 两种形式。 (2)dare 用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to 可省去,但dare 以动词-ing 形式出现时,不定式符号to 不能省略。要点二 “情态动词+have done ”的用法 1.must have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can ’t/cannot have done 。 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。 I saw Mr Wang just now.He can ’t have gone abroad. 刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。 2.could have done 意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。 You could have made greater progress,but you didn ’t try your best. 你本来可以取得更大的进步,但是你没有努力。 3.may/might have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断,意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为: may/might not have done 意为“可能没有做……”。 It ’s no use going to his house.He may not have gone home.He may have gone somewhere else. 去他家没用。他可能没有回家,可能已经去了别的地方。 4.should/ought to have done 表示本应该做某事,却没有做,含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to have done 表示“本不该做某事却做了”。

(完整版)含有情态动词的虚拟语气

“would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做” 1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。 2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。请看相关知识点：一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。 2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。 1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。 2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。 1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？ 2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？四、“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。 —What has happened to George? —I don't know. He may have got lost. —乔治发生了什么事？

情态动词和虚拟语气

高效演练·跟踪检测区语法填空阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 Long ago, there was a mother and a son living in a house. She worked hard every day, but they were always poor. One day, her son stol e his friend’s bag. “Mom, 1. do you think of this bag? ”His mother 2. (scold)him, but she didn’t. “It looks great! ” The next time, he stole an overcoat. She praised him again after he stole it. A few years later, he grew up to be 3. young man. He stole jewelry and brought them to his mother. “How beautiful! ”This time, she did not scold her son again. Then, 4. he was pleased by his mother, he started to steal 5. (expensive)things. One day, the police caught him. Before putting him in jail, he begged the police to meet his mother. They took 6. to his mother. As soon as he saw his mother, he hit her ear lobe. “Ouch! What’s the matter with you? ”She finally scolded him. Her son answered, “If you 7. (give)me a scolding like that when I stole the first bag, I could not have become a thief. ” She collapsed as she looked at her son 8. (head)for the prison. “If only I 9. turn back time, I would scold him 10. (severe). ”Sh e regretted that she had always praised him, whatever he did.

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