广州市第二中学2018中考全真模拟卷

广州市第二中学2018中考全真检测模拟卷二

可能用到的相对原子质量：H：1 C：1 2 N：1 4 O：16 Na：23 Mg：24 S：32 C!：35．5

Ca：40 C u：64 Fe：56 Zn：65 Ag：108 Ba：137

第一部分选择题（40分）

一、选择题：(本题包括20个小题，每个小题2分，共40分。)

1．下列描述既不属于描述物质的化学性质，也不属于化学变化的一组是

A．酒精具有挥发性，碘酒洒在衣服上，可用酒精擦洗除去

B．一氧化碳可以还原氧化铁，铁丝在氧气中燃烧生成黑色固体

C．二氧化硫具有刺激性气味，块状生石灰在空气中变成粉末

D．硫酸具有酸的通性，浓硫酸敝口放置一段时问后质量会增加

2．下列叙述正确的是

A．纯净物一定是化合物B．混合物中可能只含一种元素

C．某物质不是化合物就是单质C．某物质只含一种元素，它一定是纯净物

3．某氧化物中，碳元素与氧元素的质量比是3：4，在此氧化物中关系正确的是

A．碳与氧的原子个数比1：1 B．碳的质量分数是27．7％

C．碳与氧的原予个数比1：2 D．氧的质量分数是57．14％

4．实验表明，不能用块状大理石与稀硫酸制取二氧化碳气体，而能用石粉末与稀硫酸制取：二氧化碳气体。由此得出的合理结论是A．能发生反应的物质之间是否发生反应，与反应的条件有关

B．反应物之间接触面积越大，越有利于反应的进行

C．块状大理石与大理石粉末的化学性质不同

D．块状大理石与大理石粉末中各元素原予问电子的结合状况不同

5．某同学欲用实验证明铁、铜、汞的化学活动性顺序，他利用了铁片、铜片、硝酸汞溶液和稀盐酸四种物质，设计了下列实验方案，其中可行的是

A．①Cu+HCl ②Fe+Hg(NO3)2③Cu+Hg(NO3)2

B．①Fe+HCl ②Cu+HCl ③Fe+Hg(NO3)2

C．①Fe+HCl ②Fe+Hg(NO3)2③Cu+Hg(NO3)2

D．①Fe+HCl ②Cu+HCl ③Cu+Hg(NO3)2

6．下列配制一定溶质的质量分数的NaOH溶液的实验操作，会引起NaOH溶液中溶质的质量分数偏小的是A．称量完固体NaOH时天平指针略向左倾斜B．实验所用的固体NaOH在空气中久置

C．量取水时俯视读数D．转移已配好的溶液时，有少量溶液洒落在瓶外

7．有四瓶失去标签的溶液，它们的溶质分别是：①硝酸钡、②硝酸银、③氯化钠、④氯化铜，不用其他试剂就可以将它们加以鉴别，则鉴别出来的先后顺序可能是

A．④②③①B．①③②④C．④①②③D．②③①④

8．50g镁、锌、铁的混合物与足量的稀硫酸反应得到混合溶液，蒸发后得到21 8g固体(已换算成无水硫酸盐)。则反应产生氢气的质量是

A．2g B．3g C．3．5g D．4．5g

9．9gCaCO3和MgCO3组成的混合物，与足量的盐酸反应，生成二氧化碳的质量可能是

A．3．8g B．4g C．5．2g D．4．8g

10．经测定，由甲醛(CH20)、醋酸(CH3COOH)和丙酮(CH3COCH3)组成的混合物中，氢元素的质量分数为X％，则其混合物中氧元素的质量分数是

A．0.5X％B．1—1.5X% C．2X％D．1—7X％

11．下表列出了一定温度和压强下每立方厘米活性炭所能吸附的常见气体的体积，分析表中数据与气体的组成、性质的关系，你认为下列结论正确的是

A．气体分子中所含原子个数多，气体易被吸附B．沸点越高的气体，越难被吸附

C．气体是化合物时，易被吸附D．气体的相对分子质量越大，越易被吸附

1

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