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2020年高考英语必考点全梳理专题12-定语从句(精讲深剖)附答案

专题12定语从句——精讲深剖

1.（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.

A. which

B. what

C. when

D. that

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。

2.（2019·天津卷·单项填空）11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.

A. why

B. where

C. which

D. what

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。

3.(2019·新课标I卷·短文改错)One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.

【答案】One afternoon where

when

I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。

4.(2019·新课标II卷·语法填空)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，

______ she opened with her late husband Les.

【答案】where

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened 一词的宾语，故用which。

5.(2019·新课标III卷·语法填空)They were well trained by their masters ______ had great experience with caring for these animals.

真题速递

【答案】who

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。

6.（2019·新课标III卷·短文改错) In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.

【答案】

In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment is created for them.

【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故把what 改为that/which。

7.(2019·浙江卷·语法填空）On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ______gives off light in the dark.

【答案】that/which

【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that 或which引导。故填that/which。

8.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.

【答案】where

【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。

9.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）The students benefiting most from college are those ______ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.

【答案】who/that

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who或that。

10.（2018·北京）She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.

A. which

B. who

C. as

D. that

【答案】A

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which

引导。A选项正确。

点睛：非限制性定语从句即可修饰主句的一部分，也可以修饰整个主句。其引导词的选择和限制性定语从句的判断规则一致，即：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。需要注意的是，that不能

引导非限制性定语从句。

11.（2018·天津）Kate, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.

A. whom

B. that

C. whose

D. her

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语，故用关系代词whose。故选C。点睛：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词；2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。

12.(2018·江苏)Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. when

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。

点睛：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词。2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。

13.(2018·新课标I卷·语法填空)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. 【答案】that或which

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处a study是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。

14.(2018·新课标I卷·短文改错)They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by selling the fish.

【答案】which改成in which或where

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。他们还有一个小池塘，里面养着鱼。此处a small pond是先行词，其在面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用in which或where。

15.(2018·新课标II卷·语法填空)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ______ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.

【答案】that或which

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子。指物用that/which，故填that或者which。

16.（2018·新课标II卷·语法填空)Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own countries

once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.

【答案】that或who

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。

考纲解读

定语从句是高考的热点，主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从

句中的运用。主要考点有：

①关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句

②关系副词where引导的定语从句（近三年来常考查先行词是表示抽象空间念的名词的情况)

③介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句;as引导的非限制性定语从句。

知识梳理

关系代词

关系代词先行词句法功能

主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、who 人

表语

whom 人宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)

whose (＝of whom/of which) 人或物定语

that 人或物主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)

which 物主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)

as 人或物主语、宾语

Each graduate standing on the playground, who was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster.

每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场上，等待校长给他们颁发毕业文凭。

My daughter, whose job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home.

我的女儿总不在家，她的工作需要经常出差。

1．关系代词that与which的用法

(1)限制性定语从句中只用that不用which的情况：

①先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时，关系代词通常只用that。

Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?

你有什么要为自己说的吗？

②先行词被序数词，形容词最高级，the only, the very, the last等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。This is the only thing that we can do now.

这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。

③先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that，不用which。

The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.

我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。

④定语从句出现在which或who的特殊疑问句中时用that。

Which is the bike that you lost?

哪辆是你丢的自行车？

Who is the boy that won the gold medal?

赢得金牌的那个男孩是谁？

⑤有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which，另外一个宜用that。

They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.

他们偷偷地建了一家小工厂，这家工厂生产可能会造成污染的东西。

⑥当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中作表语时。

Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.

上海不再是过去的那座城市了。

⑦主句是there be句型且关系词在从句中作主语时，用that不用which引导。

There is a seat in the corner that is still available.

在那个角落还有一个座位可用。

(2)只用which不用that的情况：

①引导非限制性定语从句。

Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, which, of course, made the others envy him.

海伦对她最小的儿子比对其他的儿子好得多，这当然让其他的儿子很嫉妒她的小儿子。

②关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前。

This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.

这是鲁迅曾住过的房子。

③引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体或部分概念。

The result was not the same as they had expected, which was rather disappointing.

结果与当初预料的不一样，这让人觉得很失望。

2．which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别

which as

位置灵活，可放在主句前也可放在主句后，有时还可插位置上只能放在主句的后面

入主句中

谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词，如see, 搭配上无动词的限制

hear, know, expect, remember等

意思上意为“这一点”意为“正如……，正像……的那样”

She was late for school again, which was unexpected.

她上学又迟到了，这是始料不及的。

She was late for school again, as we expected.

正如我们预料的那样，她上学又迟到了。

[名师指津]as引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式：such＋名词＋as (像……一样的，像……之类的)；such (pron.)＋as (像……一样的，像……之类的)；the same＋名词＋as (和……同样的)。

We have found such materials as are used in their factory.

我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。

I have the same book as he has.

我和他有同样的书。

【考题印证】

单句语法填空

1.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.

【答案】that/which

【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作主语，修饰先行词study，故填that/which。

2.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 —when the government started a soil-testing program________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.

【答案】that/which

【解析】空处引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，修饰“a soil-testing program”，先行词表示物，故用that或者which。

3.(2017 ·浙江11月高考)The best part of the process is that there's enough room for improvement, ________ means you'll just keep getting better and better.

【答案】which

【解析】空处引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，故填which。

4.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah，________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.

【答案】who

【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处应是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是Sarah，故用关系代词who。

5.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, ________ is on the rooftop of their house.

【答案】which

【解析】空处引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，故填which。

6.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Around me in the picture are the things ________ were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.

【答案】that/which

【解析】分析句子结构可知，things作其后定语从句的先行词，并在从句中作主语，故关系代词用that或which。关系副词

关系副词先行词句法功能

when 时间时间状语

where 地点地点状语

why 原因原因状语(只引导限制性定语从句)

Sing! China has set up a big stage for young people with a talent for music, where some have stood out among them. 《中国新歌声》为有音乐天赋的年轻人建立了一个大舞台，在这个舞台上一些人从中脱颖而出。

The reason why he failed in the exam was that he didn't study hard.

他考试失败的原因是他学习不努力。

I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

我还记得第一次来北京的那一天。

[名师指津]当先行词为situation, case, stage, point等表示抽象意义的词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用关系副词where。

They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他们已经到了必须分手的地步。

【考题印证】

单句语法填空

1.(2017·浙江6月高考)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden，________ it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was a wonder.

【答案】where

【解析】根据句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the garden”，在从句中作地点状语，故要用关系副词where引导。

2.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s，________ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 【答案】when

【解析】先行词是表示时间的“the mid-1980s”，且从句中缺少时间状语，故填关系副词when。

3.(2015·广东高考)When harvest came around，he was already selling herbs，vegetables and cotton in the market ________ people from the towns met regularly.

【答案】where

【解析】根据句子结构可以判断，在这里应填关系词来引导一个定语从句，修饰表地点的先行词“the market”，且从句中少地点状语，故填关系副词where。

“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句

1.“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句

构成句法功能用法指津

名词(代词)＋介词＋关系代词主语可转化为“whose＋名词”结构

数词还可以被some, many, most, each等数词(形容词最高级)＋of＋关系代词主语

不定代词替换

关系代词只能用which或whom且不能省介词(短语)＋关系代词状语

略，但可与关系副词互换

介词＋关系代词＋名词状语关系代词常用which 和whose

有时为了表达清楚，还可以在关系副词介词＋关系副词状语

where/when前加介词from或to

Recently, I bought an ancient vase, the price of which was very reasonable.

最近，我买了一个古代花瓶，它的价格很合理。

He has ten cousins, the youngest of whom is very clever.

他有十个表兄弟，最小的那个很聪明。

Lily might possibly come, in which case I'll ask her.

莉莉可能会来，要是那样的话我就去问她。

There is a big window in my room, from where I can see the railway station.

我的房间有一个大窗户，透过它我可以看到火车站。

2．“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句的2个考查点

(1)考查该结构中关系代词的选用

若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。

(2)考查该结构中介词的选用

一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：先行词和介词的搭配习惯；从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配习惯；句子意思表达的需要。

考点精讲

“3招”妙解语法填空题

1．关系代词的选用

(1)如果先行词指人，定语从句中缺少主语，限制性定语从句中用who/that; 非限制性定语从句中用who。

(2)如果先行词指人，定语从句中缺少宾语，限制性定语从句中用who/that/whom; 非限制性定语从句中用whom。

(3)如果先行词指物，定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，限制性定语从句中用which/that; 非限制性定语从句用which。2．关系副词的选用

如果先行词指时间或地点，定语从句中缺少时间状语或地点状语，定语从句中用when或where。

3．“介词＋关系代词”的判定

如果先行词指人，“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用whom; 如果先行词指物，“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用which。

【思路点拨】

1．Records are rare before that time because Qin Shi Huang destroyed all the books could be found.

【答案】that

【解析】考查定语从句引导词。通过分析句子发现，all the books是先行词，空格后是谓语动词，那么空格处就是主语，故填关系代词that。句意：因为秦始皇把所有的书都销毁了，所以以前的记录是罕见的。

2．However, speeding up your walking pace can't instantly make you the life of the party, means that you needn't change your personality.

【答案】which

【解析】考查非限定性定语从句引导词。分析句子可知“ speeding up your walking pace can't instantly make you the life of the party”是先行词，空格前有逗号，空格后缺少主语，故填which。

3．is expected, these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions.

【答案】As

【解析】考查非限定性定语从句引导词。空格处是句首又是主语，逗号后面部分是先行词，又根据句意“正想预期的那样，这些节目在形式和功能上都应该是积极的。”故填As。

4．A best friend is someone you can tell everything to, even your most personal feelings and thoughts.

【答案】whom

【解析】考查限定性定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，介词to缺少宾语，someone是先行词。故填引导词whom。句意：最好的朋友是一个你可以告诉一切的人，甚至是你最私人的感受和想法。

5．Now Edwards is studying English literature, having completed a college course designed for adults want to return to education or need extra qualifications to go on to university.

【答案】who

【解析】考查限定性定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是adults，后面的定语从句缺少主语，故填who。句意：现在爱德华兹正在学习英国文学，完成了一门专为希望重返教育，或者需要额外的资格才能进入大学的成年人设计的大学课程，。

【思路点拨】

6．There are certain dates throughout the year the entire country takes a vacation at the same time.

【答案】when

【解析】考查限定性定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是the year，在定语从句中做状语，故填when。

7．Of course, there are times we need to travel long distances.

【答案】when

【解析】考查限定性定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是times，在定语从句中做状语，故

填when。

8．Gift shops in museums used to be the last stop of each visit, people would buy souvenirs for themselves and their friends.

【答案】where

【解析】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是Gift shops，在后面定语从句中做状语，故填where。

【思路点拨】

9．The city has historically developed on seven hills, some of are 250m high.

【答案】which

【解析】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是seven hills，在后面定语从句中做介词of的宾语语，故填which。

10．We first attended the opening parade, for our class had made a lot of preparations.

【答案】which

【解析】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是the opening parade，在后面定语从句中做介词for的宾语，故填which。

11．Behind him were other people to he was trying to talk, but after some minutes they walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.

【答案】whom

【解析】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是people，在后面定语从句中做介词to的宾语，故填whom。

“3招”妙解短文改错题

1．忽视先行词

2．混淆关系词的用法

(1)错用which和that；

(2)误把what当成关系代词；

(3)介词后的关系代词不能使用that。

3．没有考虑关系词在从句中充当的成分

【思路点拨】

1．On the other hand, I can see the singers' stories, who are so inspiring.

【答案】who改为which

【解析】考查限定性定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是the singers' stories，是物，在后面定语从句中做主语，故把who改为which。

2．You'll find taxis waiting at the bus station where you can hire to reach your host family.

【答案】where改为which

【解析】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是taxis ，在后面定语从句中做动词hire的宾语，故把where改为which。

【思路点拨】

3．She thanked me several times sincerely, that made me feel extremely proud.

【答案】that改为which

【解析】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是She thanked me several times sincerely，that在后面定语从句中做主语，空格前有逗号，故把that改为which 。

4．Secondly, manage our time wisely by setting up a study schedule, that can help us improve our learning efficiency.

【答案】that改为which

【解析】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是manage our time wisely by setting up a study schedule，是个句子，后面定语从句中缺少语，故把that改为which。

5．Looking at the spot what he thought the “fly” was again, he was so angry that he slapped it with all his strength.

【答案】what改为where

【解析】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是the spot，在后面定语从句中做状语，故把what 改为where 。

6．Last week, I along with my classmates was asked to attend a lecture, the theme of what was environmental protection.

【答案】what改为which

【解析】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是a lecture，在后面定语从句中做of的宾语，故填把what改为which。注意：what不能引导定语从句。

【思路点拨】

7．When I was 12, I met Mary. She came to China with her parents, whom taught English in a university.

【答案】whom改为who

【解析】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是her parents，在后面定语从句中做主语，故填把whom改为who。

8．In the square which many senior citizens were dancing, I found several elders buried in feeding birds.

【答案】which改为where

【解析】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是the square，在后面定语从句中做状语，故填把which改为where。

9．The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of them left their village homes for a better life in the city.

【答案】them改为whom

【解析】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，先行词是1,000 people，在后面定语从句中做宾语，故填把them改为whom。

模拟训练

一．语法填空

1.(河南省开封市2019届高三上学期第一次模拟考试)Such a ‘random CPA' would be the time-reverse of a ‘random laser，in_____light is resonantly enhanced by multiple scattering inside a disorder．

【答案】which

【解析】考查定语从句连接词。本句为定语从句修饰先行词random laser，先行词在定语从句中做宾语，指物，故填关系代词which.

2.(吉林省辽源市普通高中2019届高三第二次模拟)It was he _____ first set up private schools and received students from every walk of life without consideration of their social status.

【答案】which

【解析】考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是he指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词that/who 引导。故填that/who。

3.（辽宁省葫芦岛市2019届高三下学期第一次模拟）Researchers at the a Massachusetts' university are creating the first robot _____ can constantly change its shape according to the task it has to do.

【答案】that

【解析】考查关系代词。本句为定语从句修饰先行词robot，且先行词在从句中做主语，被序数词修饰，故用关系代词that。

4.（山东省淄博市高三第一次模拟考试）People rushed to get free tickets online，for the rare night-time opening，_____ were snapped up within minutes.

【答案】which

【解析】考查非限定性定语从句。句意参考上题解析，先行词为tickets，指物，关系词在非限定性定语从句中作主语，故填which。

5.（山东省泰安市2019届高三第一次模拟考试）China is famous for its bewildering and oftentimes confusing highway interchanges (立体交叉道)，but the Qianchun interchange in the mountainous province of Guizhou is the only

one ______ actually looks like a giant rollercoaster for cars and trucks.

【答案】that

【解析】考查定于从句连接词。定语从句中先行词被the only修饰时，连接词只能用that，故填that。

6.（山东省济南市2019届高三第一次模拟考试）Besides routine university courses，she also organizes nonprofit paper-cutting activities _____are open to the public in Beijing to promote basic knowledge of paper-cutting.

【答案】which/that

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：除了正常的大学课程以外，杨老师还管理着一些非营利性的剪纸活动，这些活动面向北京的人群，为了增进他们的剪纸基本知识。分析句子可知，are open to the public in Beijing to promote basic knowledge of paper-cutting为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词activities，从句缺乏主语，故用关系代词which 或者that。

7. （广东省2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟）Shorter hours of sunlight and cooler temperatures also relate to higher rates of depression,______ is linked to an increase in drinking.

【答案】which

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：日照时间越长、气温越低，抑郁症的发病率也越高，而抑郁症与饮酒增多有关。前面是整个句子做先行词，后面用which引导非限制性定语从句，故答案为which。

8.（湖南省湘潭市2019届高三下学期第二次模拟考试）Shorter hours of sunlight and cooler temperatures also relate to higher rates of depression, ______ is linked to an increase in drinking.

【答案】which

9.（湖南省岳阳市2019届高三第二次模拟考试）What’s more, this smartwatch, _____ can withstand the toughest situations with no problems at all, is also dust and waterproof.

【答案】which

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：另外，这种智能手表能够抵御最苛刻的东西，还防水防尘。分析句子可知，can withstand the toughest situations with no problems at all为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词smartwatch，从句缺乏主语，故用关系代词which。

10.（山东省日照市2019届高三第一次模拟考试）Ancient Chinese craftsmen created structures ______ were both enduring(耐用)and elegant，showing their advanced understanding of mathematics，architecture，materials，and structural science.

【答案】which /that

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是structures，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。

二．单句改错

1.（东北三省三校（哈尔滨师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学）2019届高三第一次模拟）When asked about this question, a large number of people which are interested in the topic hold the view th at it’s beneficial to clone humans.

【答案】which改为who /that

【解析】考查定语从句。句意参考上题解析，先行词为people，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故which改为who /that。

2.(【全国百强校】东北三省三校（辽宁省实验、东北师大附中、哈师大附中）2019届高三第二模拟)Because you had more experience than us, I also send you our training plan, about that I wish to get your advice.

【答案】that改成which

【解析】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。这里含有一个介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词是our training plan，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which，指人，只能用whom，所以that改成which。

3.(东北三省四市2019届高三第一次模拟英语试题)It is advisable to participate in different kinds of activities, which you can communicate with different people.

【答案】which前加in

【解析】考查定语从句连接词。本句为定语从句修饰先行词activities且先行词在从句中做状语，表地点，故用关系副词where；或用介词+关系代词的结构，in the activity“在活动中”，故在which前添加介词in。

4.（吉林省辽源市普通高中2019届高三第二次模拟)She thanked me several times sincerely, that made me feel extremely proud.

【答案】that改为which

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。这里含有一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指代整个主句内容，用关系代词which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以that改为which。

5.（辽宁省葫芦岛市2019届高三下学期第一次模拟）The museum, which main task is to spread the knowledge of science and technology, covers area of 15,000 square meters.

【答案】that改为which

【解析】考查定语从句关系词。此处为定语从句修饰先行词museum，且先行词在从句中做定语，故正确答案为将which 替换为whose。

6.（山东省泰安市2019届高三第一次模拟考试）I’m eager to play Chinese chess with you at the community club, which we’ll enjoy ourselves.

【答案】which改为where

【解析】考查定语从句连接词。句意：我渴望与你在社区俱乐部玩中国象棋，我们会玩得很开心。本句为定语从句修饰先行词community club，且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故需要关系副词where。

7.(辽宁省大连市2019届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题)It is advisable to participate in different kinds of activities , which you can communicate with different people.

【答案】which改为where或在其前面加in

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：也建议你参加各种各样的活动，在这些活动中，你可以和不同的人交流。分析句子可知，which you can communicate with different people为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词activities，关系词在从句中作状语，故把which改为where，也可以用介词加关系代词结构，故在which前加in。

8.（广东省2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟）I thought she must be very proud of her children, that were able to find her own food now.

【答案】that改成who

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我想她一定为她的孩子们感到非常自豪，他们现在能够自己找食物了。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，此处children做先行词，文章运用拟人的手法，故把that改成who。

9.（山东省日照市2019届高三第一次模拟考试）All my parents went to the hall，which many villagers had waited anxiously.

【答案】which改为where

【解析】考查定语从句。此处先行词是the hall，关系词在从句中做地点状语，应使用关系副词。故which改为where.

10.(烟台市2019届高三第一次模拟考试)The month-long volunteer work has now come to an end，from what I understand that it isn’t easy to be a good guide.

【答案】what改为which

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：一个月时间的志愿工作现在已经结束了，从中我理解了做一名好的向导很不容易。本题定语从句的先行词是the month-long volunteer work，关系代词which指代先行词，充当介词from的宾语，what不能引导定语从句。所以要把what改为which。

高中英语定语从句知识点及练习复习过程

高中英语定语从句知识点及练习

高中英语---定语从句一定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。 2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 二关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。 Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

4. that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door. Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 、 The season that/which comes after spring is summer. The dress (that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well. 5. whose 指人、物皆可，与后面的名词有所属关系，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 注意：指物时，常用以下结构来代替： The house whose windows are broken is empty. =The house the windows of which are broken is empty. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间（that, who不可以），也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面，使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。 The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 注意：1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。 2. 介词后的关系代词不可用that和who，若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom指物时只可用which；关系代词是所有格时用whose。

2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-定语从句(解析版)

2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-定语从句（解析版）【2020年】 1.（2020·江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free. A. whose B. which C. when D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which 引导。故选B。 3.（2020·天津卷）Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。 3.（2020·新课标Ⅲ卷）In ancient China lived an artist61 paintings were almost lifelike. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。【2019年】 1.【2019·江苏卷】We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. which B. what C. when D. that 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。 2.【2019·天津卷】Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. A. why B. where C. which D. what 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can

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定语从句专项知识点总结汇总 - 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。关系副词有：when, where, why, how。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：

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高考英语专题定语从句知识点单元汇编

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