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现在完成时时态讲解

时态讲解：现在完成时

（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have.

现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、

（2）用法：

1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。

My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。

I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。

She has arrived. 她到了。

2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…,since…,yet等。如：

I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。

We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。

They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。

She has been with us since Monday.

★注意：

1）since和for的区别

since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there

for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。

Exercise: 用since和for填空

1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday.

2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days.

3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.

4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock.

5. India has been an independent country ______1974.

6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.

7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years.

8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.

1. since

2. for

3. for

4. since

5. since

6. for

7. for

8. since

2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：

He has come here for 2 weeks. ×

The old man has died for 4 months. ×

They have left only for 5 minutes. ×

以上三句话可以改为：

He has been here for 2 weeks.

The old man has ______ _______ for 4 months.

They have _____ _____ only for 5 minutes.

3）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用“have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用“have (has) gone”。试比较：

Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）

Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？（人不在）

They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）

They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.

4）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。

I haven’t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。

I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。

Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。

I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。

They have never been to Yan’an. 他们从未去过延安。

I haven't seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。

Exercise:

I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.

1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week.

2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today? Not yet.

3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.

4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office.

5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999.

6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.

7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks.

8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework.

9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day.

10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet?

11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.

12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in.

13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree.

14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday.

15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?

1. have, seen, saw

2. Has, finished

3. has, come

4. has gone

5. have worked, moved

6. have made

7. have, stayed

8. have, finished

9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 14. is coming 15. Have, seen

II. Choose the best answer.

1. How long have you _______ here?

A. come

B. got

C. arrived

D. been

2. My grandpa died _________.

A. at the age of my 2

B. for 2 years

C. when I was 2.

D. my age was 6.

3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.

A. been

B. gone

C. went

D. never been

4. It is ten years _____ I last saw her.

A. after

B. since

C. for

D. that

5.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?

--I will. I _____ her several times.

A. met

B. have met

C. had met

D. will meet

6. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it?

--Just 2 weeks.

A. will, buy

B. did, buy

C. are, having

D. have, had

7.--Do you know Lydia very well?

--Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young.

A. have made

B. have become

C. have been

D. have turned

8. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.

A. has lived

B. lived

C. have been

D. live

9. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?

-- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park.

A. has been to

B. has gone to

C. went to

D. will go to

10. --____ you ever ____ to the US?

-- Yes, twice.

A. Have, gone

B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going

III. Rewrite the sentences.

1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句)

I _________ _________ been to Macau before.

2. He hasn’t come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问)

______ _______ he come to school?

3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改写)

I ____ just ____ a new bike.

4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)

We ____ ____English ____three years

5. He has never surfed, _______ _______? （改成反意疑问句）

6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)

_______ _______have they been here?

7. The old man _________ last year. He has _______ _______for a year. (die) （动词填空）

8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)

Miss Gao has _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.

Ⅳ. Ask the questions

1) I have been there for two days.

__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________?

2) My father has lived here since 2000.

_________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________?

3) He left here yesterday.

_________ ________ he _________ __________?

4) They bought a book two hours ago.

__________ ___________ they __________ a book?

Keys: 1. How long have, been there 2. How long has, lived here 3. When did, leave here 4. When did, buy

Ⅴ. Use “never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since” to fill in the blanks.

1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.

2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.

3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.

4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”

5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”

Keys: 1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already

英语现在完成时态讲解学习资料

现在完成时一、定义：表示一个动作在过去发生并对现在产生影响表示一个动作由过去发生持续到现在有可能停下，也有可能延续下去表示一个动作从过去开始发生到目前为止已经发生多次。二、构成：现在完成时是由“助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词”构成的，其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需加强记忆。如：I have just cleaned my clothes．我刚洗过衣服。 My brother has done his homework already. 我的弟弟已经做完他的作业了。友情提示：在现在完成时的各种结构中，have, has均为助动词，无实际意义，只起构成时态的作用，不可省略。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has，其余人称一律用have。过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词： AAA型原型过去式过去分词 burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt put put put set set set shut shut shut

初中语法八大时态现在完成时

现在完成时 1.表示截止现在业已完成的动作 eg By now, I have collected all the data that I need. 2.表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作 eg She has been to the United States. 3.表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并可能还要延续 eg I have learned English for 8 years. 基本结构由 have 加动词的过去分词构成，主语是第三人称单数时，要将 have 改为has。例句： I have seen the film already. 我已经看过那部电影了。(现在我知道电影的内容了。) Have you seen my bag? 你看到我的手提包了吗? (你知道它在哪里? ) She has been a dancer for ten years. 她已当了十年的舞蹈演员了。 We’ve planted thousands of trees in the past few years. 过去几年我们种了成千上万棵树。时态用法对于初接触现在完成时的人来说，往往会产生一种茫然，因为它似乎与一般过去时相似。那就是，这两种时态描述的动作都始于过去。其实不然，现在完成时主要表示，发生在过去的动作延续到现在刚刚完成、或许还要延续；侧重于这个动作对现在带来的结果、产生的影响、积累的总和等等。而一般过去时则只不过是表示动作发生在过去的什么时候。弄清了这一区别，就很容易理解现在完成时了。它主要适用于下面的几种情况： 1）表示截止现在业已完成的动作

最新英语时态：现在完成时和现在完成进行时区别、过去完成时及现在完成时区别

现在进行时和现在完成进行时区分：区分have done和have been doing,我们需要从两个方面来讨论：一、完成时态和完成进行时态本身意义的差别；二、要结合动词的不同延续特点.首先我们来看两种时态的意义差别两者根本区别是：完成进行时强调动作持续的过程(emphasis on duration),完成时强调动作的结果或成就(emphasis on achievement).具体来讲,现在完成进行时have been doing强调的是在一段时期内某项活动的持续性,强调的是动作本身.现在完成时have done则是强调动作产生的结果或取得的成就,而不是动作本身.二者的这种区别我们从下面的这些例句可以很好地领悟到：(2) a. My hands are very dirty. I’ve been painting the house. b. I have painted the house green. The house was white, but now it’s green. 思维分析：句a中have been painting表示painting动作一直在持续,活动还没有结束,所以才有my hands are very dirty这样的现状.句a意思是“我的手很脏,我现在一直在给房间刷漆”. 句b中have painted表示painted动作已经结束,而且动作导致的结果是the house was white, but now it’s green房间现在是绿色的了. 现在完成时表示动作业已完成, 而完成进行时却不一定如此 I’ve made a cake. 我做了一个蛋糕.（已做好） I’ve been making a cake. 我一直在做一个蛋糕. （不一定做好了 She’s painted a picture. 她画了一幅画.（已画好） She’s been painting a picture. 她在画一幅画.（可能还没画好）强调时间长度用完成进行时比较好：I’ve been coughing all night. 我咳了一整夜.（比I’ve coughed all night. 更能强调咳得久） All the time she’s been sitting there in silence. 她一直静坐在那里. All these years we’ve been trying to get in touch with him. 这些年来我们一直在设法和他联系. 许多静态动词都只能用于完成时而不能用于完成进行时： I’ve known that for a long time. 这事我已经知道很久了. The strike has lasted six months. 这次罢工已经持续了6个月. Nobody has seen him since last week. 从上周起就没人见到过他. raise in salary all the time. 他一直盼着加薪. 但当意思发生转变时也可能用于完成进行时： I’ve been thinking of doing so for a long time. 我好久以来一直想这样做 .Tom has been seeing about a work permit for you. 汤姆一直在设法帮你取得工作许可证. 有少数动词用两种时态都可以,意思差别不大,如： They have been working very well this term. 这学期他们学习很好. They have worked very well this term. It has been raining for two hours. 下了两个小时的雨. It has rained for two hours. 过去完成时一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在构成：过去完成时由“助动词 had + 过去分词”构成，其中 had 通用于各种人

现在完成时趣味讲解

现在完成时趣味讲解现在完成时的含义可与现在完成时态相连用的常见时间状语瞬间动词在现在完成时态中的用法现在完成时的含义在当今常见的语法书中对现在完成时的定义大多是：现在完成时是指过去发生的至今已经完成或还在继续的动作。在笔者2011年于《海外英语》中发表的《have + -en的构式研究》中曾指出这一说法的稍欠妥之处。因为过去发生的“已经完成”或“未完成”容易让学生产生疑惑：究竟是不是完成时？笔者认为易仲良教授提出的“式态”的说法以及马承老师提出的“现在完成时表示过去已经发生而与现在情况有关系的动作”这一说法更能让学生理解。事实上，我在初中的教学过程当中也是这样跟学生讲解的，学生们能够较好的理解这一说法，并能自然地将现在完成时与一般过去时区分开来。常与现在完成时相连的时间状语在初中阶段，多数考查现在完成时的句子当中都有较为明显的时间状语标志词，比如以下的这些句子（均摘录自人教版教材）：

Have you read Treasure Island yet? I’ve already read it. Have you ever been to a museum? I’ve never been to a science museum. I’ve had this bike for three years. 如果在实际的教学过程当中孤立地让学生记忆这些时间状语标志，无疑会给学生增大学习难度。为了能够提高学生的学习兴趣，我认为可以通过口诀韵律的方式让学生较快地掌握：以前（before）从来不（never）出现，最近（recently）曾经（ever）一两遍（once/twice/many times…）, 自从（since+时间点）刚刚（just）for一段（for+一段），至今（so far/up to now）已经（already/yet）很明显。在实际的教学过程当中，教师可有意识地讲述两个“已经”(already/yet)及（since/for）的区别着重分章节讲解，让学生在有了整体概念的基础上对各个考点进行突破。瞬间动词在现在完成时中的用法在人教版的课本附录的语法讲解中，我们可以看到：“某些动词的现在完成时可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在（包括”现在“在内）的动作或状态，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词”。如：

语法知识—动词时态的经典测试题及答案

一、选择题 1．—Remember the first time we met, Jim? —Of course I do. You ________ in the library. A．were reading B．have read C．will read D．read 2．Becky took a photo of her friends while they _________ computer games. A．play B．are playing C．were playing D．have played 3．— Where can I find Jack? — He __________ to the post office. A．goes B．has gone C．has been D．will go 4．Come on, John! You are too slow! Look, the parade _________ for fifteen minutes! A．started B．has started C．has been on D．has been open 5．I________ cleaning my room.It’s clean now. A．have finished B．finished C．finish D．will finish 6．Monica, you ______ the exam! Congratulation! A．pass B．have passed C．will pass D．are passing 7．—I'm sorry. There was too much traffic on the road. —Never mind. The meeting________for only 5 minutes. A．has begun B．has stopped C．has been on 8．The Great Wall (长城) ________ long and it ________ a long history (历史). A．has; is B．is; is C．is; has D．have; has 9．— Could you please tell me yesterday? — In the bookshop nearby. A．Where you bought the book B．Where you buy the book C．Where did you buy the book D．Where do you buy the book 10．Nick's brother________the navy in 2011and ________the navy since then. A．joined; has joined B．joined in; has joined in C．joined in; has been in D．joined; has been in 11．Look! Dave __________ on the phone. A．talks B．are talking C．talk D．is talking 12．My grandfather ________ live in the countryside, but now he ________ living in the city. A．used to; used to B．was used to; gets used to C．used to; is used to D．was used to; used to 13．He to the zoo yesterday. A．goes B．go C．goed D．went 14．When I was young, my mother ___________ by my side all the time. A．stays B．is staying C．stayed D．will stay 15．— How ________ your trip to Australia?

将来完成时与将来进行时与一般将来时区别

将来完成时与将来进行时与一般将来时区别将来完成时 1)构成will/shall+have+p.p. 2)概念 a.状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。 b.动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或已获得的经验。将来完成时用来表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。经常与before+将来时间或by+将来时间连用，也可与before或by the time引导的现在时的从句连用。如： He will have gained his pilot's license before his next birthday .他下个生日前会拿到飞行证的。 You will have received an invitation to the wedding as well.你肯定会收到参加婚宴的邀请的。 They will have been married for20years by then. You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 将来进行时 1)概念：表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。 She'll be coming soon. I'll be meeting him sometime in the future.

注意：将来进行时不用于表示"意志"，不能说I'll be having a talk with her. 2）常用的时间状语 Soon,tomorrow,this evening，on Sunday,by this time，tomorrow,in two days,tomorrow evening By this time tomorrow,I'll be lying on the beach. 一般将来时 1)shall用于第一人称，常被will所代替。 will在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。Which paragraph shall I read first. Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2)be going to+不定式，表示将来。 a.主语的意图，即将做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? b.计划，安排要发生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month。 c.有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds,there is going to be a storm. 3)be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday.

时态现在完成时

Present perfect Tense & Present perfect continuous Tense Preview Sheet Present perfect Tense谓语构成： _________________________ 现在完成时用法 1、表示过去发生的事情但影响到目前或将来。 *I have just cleaned my clothes．我刚洗过衣服。（cleaned是发生的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）。 2、表示过去重复发生的动作也可以在将来重复发生 *He has handled every situation well. (we expect him to continue.) 3、表示过去的动作不发生在过去但可能发生在将来，要使用否定式not 或者never *Yao hasn't returned to China since joining the Rockets. 4、表过去开始的动作一直延续的到现在的，用时间状语连词for或者since. *I have been here for just over two years．我到这里才两年多。用于现在完成时的句型 1）It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。例：It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次到访这个城市。 ---Do you know our town at all? ---No, this is the first time I have been here. 2）This is the…that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时. 例：This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。现在完成进行时的用法一、现在完成进行时的构成方法现在完成进行时由“_______________________________”构成。二、现在完成进行时用法说明表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，这动作可能仍在进行，也可能已停止：He_________________ television all day. 他看了一天电视了。 He _________________ this work for three years. 这工作他已干了三年了。 It _________________ since last Sunday. 自上周星期日以来就一直在下雨。现在完成进行时、现在完成时& 过去时的区别 I 都可表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果： ★现在进完成进行时：have/ has + been + V 进行时表示的结果是直接：

现在完成时态讲解及练习

现在完成时态讲解及练习一、现在完成时的构成肯定句：主语+have/ has + done (过去分词)+其它 He has lived in Shenzhen for 4 years. 一般疑问句：Have/ Has +主语+ done (过去分词)+其它 Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years? 否定句: 主语+have/ has+ not + done (过去分词)+其它 He has not finished his homework. 过去分词的构成方法如下 : 1.一般情况下，直接在动词原形后面加 –ed. work---worked answer---answered obey---obeyed want---wanted 2.以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词只加 –d. Move---moved hope---hoped divide---divided 3.字尾是辅音+y 的动词。则将y 改i 加ed. study---studied tidy---tidied satisfy---satisfied 4.以重读闭音节结尾的词，这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母，再加 –ed. stop---stopped regret--- regretted drop---dropped 不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表一、AAA. （原形，过去式和过去分词一致）二、ABB （过去式和过去分词一致） 3) 过去式、过去分词-t 替换原形-d 6）过去式、过去分词改为-elt

二、现在完成时标志词： recently; recent years; these days/ years; lately; since; for+时间段；in the past few years; ever since; in the last five months; up to now; since then; so far; ever; never, yet; once; twice; already; before; just already (已经): 用于肯定句 I have already posted the letter . yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasn’t done his homework yet. just(刚刚)

英语时态练习题-过去完成和将来完成时

过去完成时态练习题一.用动词的适当形式填空 1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in. 2. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die). 3. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave). 4. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen_______ (arrive). 5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed. 6. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call. 7. Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice. 8. Our plan ____________ (fail ) because we _____________ (make) a bad mistake. 9. When the chairman ______________ (finish) speaking, he _____________ (leave)the hall. 10. The Reads__________ (have) lunch when I ________(get) to their house. 11. When I ______________(arrive) at the station, he ____________________(leave). 12. We _______________(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term. 13. I waited until he _______________(finish) his homework. 14. We were surprised at what she ________already ______(do) 15.She _________(not go) to Qingdao because she _____________ (be) there before. 16. He ______________(not tell) you the news yet. 17. He said he _____________already_________(give) the book to the teacher. 18. I ______________(be) to Shanghai before.

初中英语动词时态和语态讲解

初中英语动词时态和语态讲解动词的时态和语态（一）动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。下面分别介绍。 1、一般现在时的用法 1）表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用often, usually, every day 等时间状语。例如： a. He goes to school every day. b. He is very happy. c.The earth moves around the sun. 2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。例如： a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside. 3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。例如： a. The meeting begins at seven. b. The rain starts at nine in the morning. 4) 表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在进行时。 a. I like English very much. b. The story sound very interesting. 5) 书报的标题、小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。 2.一般现在时的用法 1）表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。 a. He saw Mr. Wang yesterday. b. He worked in a factory in 1986. 2)表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to “ 和“would + 动词原形”。I used to smoke. During the vacation I wouldm in the sea. 注：”used to “ 表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。“would + 动词原形”没有“现在不再……”含义。另外“to be used to +名词（动名词）”表示“习惯于…..” a. I am used to the climate here. b. He is used tomming in winter. 3.一般将来时的用法一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态。其表达形式除了“ will 或shall + 动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。 It is going to rain. We are going to have a meeting today.

(word完整版)初中现在完成时态的讲解及习题

现在完成时的讲解和练习题一、构成：主语+ have/has + 过去分词+其他否定式:主语+ haven't/hasn't + 过去分词+ 其他。疑问式:Have /Has + 主语+ 过去分词+ 其他? 简略答语: (肯定)Yes, 主语+ have/has. (否定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't. 二、用法：现在完成时既涉及过去，又联系现在（一）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态常与just（刚刚），already（已经），never（从来没有），ever（曾经），before（以前），yet（仍然，还），once（一次），twice（两次），many times（很多次），how many times（多少次），so far（迄今为止），up to now ,till now 等时间状语连用。如： ※副词的位置：①just常用于肯定句中，放在have / has后，He has just come . ②never表示否定,放在have / has后, He has never visited the Great Wall. ③ever用于疑问句中,句型为: Have / Has＋主语＋ever＋过去分词？“…曾经……过吗？”用于询问某人过去的经历。Have you ever been to the farm？（二）：表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语有： ①for＋表示一段时间的词语I have taught English for 19 years。 ②since＋表示过去时间点的词语He has been at this school since 1986. ③since＋表示过去的时间状语从句I have lived here since I was born. ④since＋一段时间＋ago. I have known him since 20 years ago. 三、现在完成时态中可以和表示一段时间状语（for，since，how long, all one’s life）连用的动词必须用延续性动词（肯定句）。如：be，have，know，live，work，study，learn，teach，keep，speak，talk，draw，wait，wear，walk，sleep，drive，write，do，clean等。非延续性动词，又叫瞬间动词，短暂性动词如begin, start, die, buy, leave, come等，表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成，不能再延续，所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用 Eg. I have been a teacher for nearly 20 years. How long has he lived here? He has died. 常见终止性动词和延续性动词的相应转换形式如下: 1、borrow / lend→keep, 2、buy→have, 3、finish / end→be over,

英语时态之将来完成时

英语时态之将来完成时将来完成时定义将来完成时用来表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。经常与before+将来时间或ｂｙ+将来时间连用,也可与ｂefｏre或ｂy the time或by th ｅeｎd of短语引导的现在时的从句连用。构成 shalｌ+hａvｅ+过去分词用于第一人称，ｗill＋ｈave＋过去分词可用于所有人称。实例 a. 状态完成:表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。并在将来完成。 b. 动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或已获得的经验。Ｔｈey will ｈavｅbｅen marｒied foｒ20 yeaｒｓbｙtｈen. Yoｕwｉll havｅｒeacｈｅd Shａｎghai by this time tomorrow．将来完成时的构成将来完成时的构成是由＂shａll／wilｌ＋ｈave +过去分词"构成的。 Bｅfore lｏng hｅwilｌhaｖe fｏｒgotten ａll aboｕt thｅmaｔtｅr．不久他就会全然忘记这件事的。 He is somebody now. Ｈe willｎot haｖｅremｅmbeｒeｄhis old classmates.

他现在是一个有身份的人了,他可能不会记得老同学了。 Wiｌｌyoｕhavｅknown Keｖｉn fｏｒ１0 yeａrs ｎext monｔh？到下个月你认识凯文该有10年了吧？将来完成时的用法 ①表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间产生影响。 Pｉck mｅup at 8 o'cｌｏｃk,I ｗill ｈａve hadｂｒeakｆaｓt by theｎ. 早上8点钟你来接我，到时我已经吃完早饭了。Ｗe shａlｌhave ｌeａrned 12 ｕnits by tｈe eｎd ｏｆｔhiｓterm．到这个学期末,我们将学完１2个单元。 By the tｉｍe you get hoｍｅI will haｖe cｌｅaｎｅｄtｈe house ｆrom top to botｔoｍ. 你到家之前我将把房子彻底打扫一遍。 ②表示推测，相当于＂must haｖｅｄone"结构。 Yoｕwill ｈavｅｈeard of this，Ｉｇuｅss. 我想你已经听说过这件事了。 Iａｍｓuｒe he will havｅｇot the inｆｏrmａtｉon．我相信他一定得到了这个信息。 ③.表示某种状态一直持续到说话人所提及的时间。 Weｗiｌlｈaｖe beｅｎmarriｅd a year on June2５th．到6月25日我们俩结婚就满1年了。

一般过去时态和现在完成时的区别：

一般过去时态和现在完成时的区别：１）现在完成时是表示过去的动作与现在的联系，主要说明的是现在的情况和状态；而一般过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系。例如 We haven't seen him since last year. (我们自从去年以来一直未见到他．（现在还未见到）We didn't see him last year. 我们去年没见到他（现在不一定未见到）２）现在完成时表示从过去发生一直持续到现在（包括现在）的某个动作或状态，与现在有关的时间状语连用，一般过去时表示过去某一特定（与现在无关）的时间，与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：He has lived here since he was born .自他出生以来一直居住在这儿。（since 自从…以来与现在有关，说明还居住在这儿。） Liumei went to see her grandmother last night . 刘梅昨晚去看了他外婆。（只说明昨晚）（三）值得注意几个问题：１）动作发生在过去，一直持续到说话的时候，并且还在延续时，要用现在完成时。例如：We have studied English for two years (我们学英语两年了）２）指过去的经历，但没有表示过去的时间状语，要用现在完成时。例如： I have been to Shanghai twice . 我曾去过上海两次．３）以When开头的特殊疑问句，要用一般过去时。例如： When did you lose your pen ? 你什么时候丢了钢笔？４）just (刚刚）与现在完成时连用，just now (刚才）与一般过去时连用。例如： The train has just gone. 火车刚刚离开。 The train left here just now. 火车是刚才离开。５）since 作介词，后面跟时间名词一起作状语时，句子要用现在完成时；since 作连词，引导状语从句时，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 He has worked in this factory since 1996. I have known him since he was a child. 6 ）so far 、in the last / past …… 与现在完成时连用。例如： So far , many countries have sent up satellites into space. In the last 30 years , our lives have changed a lot. 四、学习现在完成时应注意的三个区别 1）延续性动词与短暂性动词的区别 2）since 和for 的区别。 3）have / has gone to 、have / has been to 、have / has been in 的区别五、短暂性动词和延续性动词转换归纳。 buy—have leave— been away from borrow—keep die—be dead get up—be up put on—be on come back—be back open—be open go to town—be in town lose—be missing close—be closed begin /start—be on fall ill / asleep— be ill / asleep catch a cold—have a cold get /receive a letter from—have a letter from come to —be here / there arrive in （at）/ get to / reach——be here / there

10 英语时态学习 Future Perfect 将来完成时

The future perfect tense is not commonly used in English. It indicates that an action will be completed in the future (usually before some other action or event). I will finish my Russian course in June. In July, I will begin studying Chinese. By the time I begin studying Chinese, I will have finished my Russian course. When I finish this race, I will have run a total of five miles. Before they leave for Miami, they will have visited Houston and New Orleans. The important thing to remember is the time of completion. (Beginning time may vary.) I started studying last year. I will have passed my exams when I graduate next June. I am studying right now. I will have passed my exams when I graduate next June. I will start studying next month. I will have passed my exams when I graduate next June.