美丽中国第一集中英文字幕

The last hidden world China

最后的隐世净土中国

For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes 数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地

and surprising creatures

以及那些神奇生物的传说

Chinese civilization is the world's oldest

中国文明是世界最古老的文明

and today it's largest

而如今是最宏博的

with well over a billion people

那数十亿的人民

It's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups

现存超过五十个民族

and a wide range of traditional life styles

以及各式各样贴近自然的

often inclose partnership with nature

传统生活方式

We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems 我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题

but there is great beauty here too

但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽

China is home to the world's highest mountains,

中国有着世界最高峰

vast deserts ranging from from searing hot

从无垠的炙热沙漠

to mind numbing cold

到麻木大脑的寒冷地带

steaming forests

以及那蒸笼般的森林中

harboring rare creatures

隐匿的各种珍稀生物

grassy plains beneath vast horizons

天际下广阔无垠的草原

and rich tropical seas

以及富饶的热带海洋

Now, for the first time ever

现在我们第一次有机会

we can explore the whole of this great country

深入探索这片伟大的土地

meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here 接触栖息于此的珍奇生物

and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China 目睹中国这片神奇土地上

to the remarkable landscaping which they live

人与野生世界的羁绊

This is wild China

这就是最原味的中国

Our exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical south 我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带

On the Li River fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts 漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上

a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years

这个组合已延续千年之久

This scenery is known throughout the world

这景致已为世人所熟悉

a recurring motif in Chinese paintings

那是中国水墨永恒的主题

and a major tourist attraction

和旅人永远的胜地

The south of China is a vast area

中国南部是片有英国国土

eight times larger than the UK

九倍之大的广阔土地

It's a landscape of hills

这里

but also of water

是山雨的国度

It rains here for up to 250 days a year

这里一年之中有250天在降雨

and standing water is everywhere

到处都是积水

In a floodplain of the Yangtse River

在扬子江的涝原

black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms

黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子

But it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environment

并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长

the swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family

沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境

rice

这就是稻米

The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8 thousand years

中国有着至少8000年的稻米种植史

It has transformed the landscape

他们改变了这块土地

Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmers

对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节

as they prepare the age-old paddy field

ready for the coming spring

因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田

These hill slopes of Yuanyang county

元阳县的山坡以2000M之势

plunge nearly 2000m to the floor of the Red River Valley

斜插于红河谷地的河床

each contains literally thousands of stack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging tools

包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田

Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China

云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中

still ploughed as they always have been

依旧被耕种使用的土地

by domesticated water buffaloes

正如千百年来的习俗一样

whose ancestors originated in these very valleys

源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任

This man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrial China

这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景

It seems as if every square inch of land

似乎这里的每一寸土地

has been pressed into cultivation

都被打上了农耕的痕迹

As evening approaches

当薄暮降临

an age-old ritual unfolds

另一场古老的仪式上演

It's the mating season

现在是交配的季节

and male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of females

雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣

But it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youself

但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光

The Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predator

中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者

Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field

就算在耕作过的稻田中央

nature is red in beak and claw

也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目

This may look like a slaughter

或许这看上去像一场屠杀

but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time

但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙

the vast majority will escape to croak another day

此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会

Terrace paddies like those of YunYang county are found across much of southern China

元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的

This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation

梯田横贯中国南部

In heated Guizhou province the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture

苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植

With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation

苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上

the Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsides 用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻

In Chinese rural life everything has a use

所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处

dried in the sun manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuel

牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料

It's midday and the Song family are

tucking into a lunch of rice and vegetables

中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭

Oblivious to the domestic chitchat

老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外

granddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mind

寻思着重要的事情

Spring is a start of the rice growing season

春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节

the success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next year

庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计

so planting at the right time is critical

因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的

The ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year

时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况

never easy to predict

而这些却是永难估料的

But there is some surprising help at hand

但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手

On the cielling of the Song's living room a pair of red-rumped swallow newly arrive from their winter migration

宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕

is busy fixing up last year's nest

他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌

In China animals are valued does much for their symbolic meaning as for many good they may do

在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护

Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life

苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃

so their presence is a favor and a blessing

因此他们的存在被视为

bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home

幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征

Like most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields

如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田

From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freely

从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开

Each year granddad Gu knows the exact day the swallows return

古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间

Miao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead

苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临

This year, they were late

然而今年他们姗姗来迟

so Gu and the other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayed accordingly

因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟

As the Miao prepare their fields for planting

当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时

the swallows collect mud to repair their nests

燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴

and chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies

或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫

Finally, after weeks of preparation

最终经过了几周的准备

the ordained time for planting has arrived

这个预定种植的时刻来临了

but first the seedlings must be uproot from the nursery beds

首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起

and bundled up ready to be transported to their new paddy

扎成捆移植到高处山地

higher up the hillside

那崭新的苗床上

All the Song's neighbors have turned out to help with the transplanting 宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植

It's how the community has always worked

这是一直来他们的集体协作方式

when the time comes, the Songs will return the favor

当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩

While the farmers are busy in the fields

当农户们忙碌在田埂间时

the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest

飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往

Many hands make light work

人多力量大

planting the new paddy takes a little more than an hour

插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时

Job done, the villagers can relax

当工作完成农户们得以休息

at least until tomorrow

至少在明天来临之前

But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a family 然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程has only just begun

才刚刚开始

In the newly planted fields

新耕种的田地里

little egrets hunt for foods

白鹭在寻找食物

The rice paddy harbor tadpoles fish and insects

稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园

and egrets have chicks to feed

而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟

This colony in Chongqing province is established in 1996 重庆自然保护区建立于1996年

when a few dozen birds build nests in the

bamboo grove behind YanGuang village

当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林

Believing they were assigned of luck

当地人将其视为幸运的使者

local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grove

他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地

But their attitude change when the head of the village fell ill

但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变

They blame the birds and were all set to destroy their nests

当政府开始介入保护鸟群时

when the local government stepped in to protect them

他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴

Bendy bamboo may not be the safest nesting place

易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所

but at least these youngsters won't end up at someone's dinner

但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐

These chicks have just had a meal delivered by their mom

这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食

quite a challenge for litter beaks

对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战

Providing their colonies are protected

介于他们的栖息地是受保护的

wading birds like egrets are among the few wild creatures which benefit directly from intensive rice cultivation

像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类

Growing rice needs lots of water

水稻生长需要大量的水

but even in the rainy south, there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce 但即便是在多雨的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机

This vast area of southwest China

相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大

the size of France and Spain combined

的中国西南的广阔土地

is famous for its clusters of conical hills

因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般

like giant upturned egg carton

seperated by dry empty valleys

连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世

This is the karst

这就是喀斯特地貌

a limestone terrain which has become the defining image of southern China

石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征

Karst landscapes are often studded with rocky outcrops

喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布

forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fields

这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作

The people who live here are among the poorest in China

当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一

In neighboring Yunnan province

在毗邻的云南省

limestone rocks have taken over entirely

遍布着石灰石

This is the famous Stone Forest

这就是著名的石林

the product of countless years of erosion

无数年侵蚀作用的产物

producing a maze of deep gullets and sharp-edged pinnacles

造就了无数的狭道与巅峰

Limestone has a strange property that is dissolves in rain water

石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解

Over many thousands of years, water has corrode its way deep into the heart of the bedrock itself

在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带

This natural wonder has a famous tourist spot

这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点

receiving close to 2 million visitors each year

每年的访客数量多达200万人

The Chinese are fond of curiously shaped rocks

中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石

and many have been given fanciful names

并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐

No prices for guessing what this one is called

但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字

But there is more to this landscape than meets the eye

但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见

China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns

在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下

concealed beneath the visible landscape of the karst

隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴

Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyes

这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知

And it's only just now being explored

而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前

For a growing band of intrepid young Chinese explorers

奇险洞穴中再现了一场终极的探险

caves represent the ultimate adventure

主角是一群日渐成长初生牛犊般的年轻探险家

Exploring a cave is like taking the journey through time

探索一个洞穴犹如一场穿越时空的探险

a journey which endless raindrops would have followed over countless centuries 常年积水叮咚伴随着无止境般的旅途

Fed by countless drips and trickles

水滴潺潺落下

the subterranean river carves ever deeper into the rock

地下河流深切入岩

The cave river's course is channeled by the beds of limestone

石灰岩河床将洞穴的河道分割成千沟万壑

A weakness in the rock can not allow the river to increase its gradient flowrate

石灰岩薄弱处被河水冲刷差距的陡坡处水量激增

providing a real challenge for the cave explorers

为洞穴探险带来相当的挑战

The downward rushes halted when the water table is reached

水流到达地下水位后便停止下流

Here the slow flowing river carves tunnels with a more rounded profile

这里缓缓流动的河流切割出一条圆形隧道

This tranquil world is home to specialized cave fishes

这静谧的世界是穴居鱼的家

like the eye-less Golden Barb

比如无目金鲃

China may have unique kinds of cave evolved fishes

中国或许拥有地球上种类最为繁多的

than anywhere else on Earth

洞穴进化鱼

Above the water table

在地下水位线

ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill up with stalactites and stalagmites

远古洞穴溢满的河水中充斥着石笋和钟乳石

Stalactites form as trickling water deposites tiny quantities of rock

含有沉积物的水流

over hundreds or thousands of years

在千万年间“滴水成石”

Stalagmites grow up where lime laid and drips hit the cave floor

含有石灰质的水滴落石床形成石笋

So far, only a fraction of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected

迄今为止被探索发掘的中国洞穴是中国大地上的九牛一毛

and caves are constantly discovering new subterranean marvels

而被发掘的洞穴不断为我们展现地底奇观

many of which are subsequently developed into commercial show caves

许多在后来被开发成了商业景点

Finally escaping the darkness

探索者沿着洞穴河流出山谷的轨迹逃离了黑暗

the cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valley far from where their journey began

在远离出发地的河谷

or now the adventure is over

这场冒险拉上了帷幕

Rivers which issue from caves

源自洞穴河流

are the key to survival in the karst country

为喀斯特地区提供了生命之泉

This vertical gorge in Guizhou province

贵州的垂直峡谷

is a focal point for the region's wildlife

成为了当地野生动物的密集焦点

This is one of the world's rarest primates

这是世界上最珍稀的灵长类之一

Francois's langur

白颊黑叶猴

In China, they survive in just two southern provinces

在中国他们只残存于两个南部省份

Guizhou and Guangxi

贵州与广西

always in ragged limestone terrains

多半栖息于崎岖的石灰岩地貌地带

Like most monkeys, they're social creatures

正如大多数猴子一样他们是社会性生物

and spend a great deal of time grooming each other

并且他们乐于耗费大把时间为彼此整理仪容

Langurs are essentially vegetarian with a diet of buds, fruits, and tender young leaves

叶猴是个不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩叶、水果为食的素食主义者

Babies are born with ginger fur

叶猴宝宝裹着姜黄色的毛发出生

which gradually turns black from the tail end

这些毛发随着生长逐渐从尾部开始变成黑色

Young infants have a vise-like grip

叶猴宝宝虎钳般的爪

used for cling on to mom for dare life

帮助他们附着在妈妈身上以保证安全

As they get older

随着年龄的增长

they get bolder and take more risks

他们越发胆大，并开始常识更多刺激

Those have survive spend a lot of time travelling

这些是经历诸多冒险后的幸存者

Yet experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal food

尽管经验丰富的成年叶猴深知

in different parts of their range

到守备范围内不同区域的哪里去寻觅当季的食物

In such steep terrain

在如此陡峭的地带

travel involves a high level of climbing skill

旅途顺利包含了高超的攀爬技巧

These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbers from the time they learnt to walk

这些猴子打会走路起就是卓越的攀岩专家

In langur society

叶猴族群

females rule the roost

是母系社会

and take the lead when the family is on the move

并且是举家迁徙的领队人物

One section of cliff

峭壁一侧

woops is a trickle of mineral-rich water

分泌的水是富含矿物质的

which the monkeys seem to find irresistible

这对猴子们而言是不可抗拒的诱惑

These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve which might pose a risk to baby monkey

如今麻阳河自然保护区已鲜有危及猴宝宝的捕食者

but in past centuries, this area of south China

然而在过去的数个世纪

was home to leopards, pythons, and even tigers

中国南部的这个地区是豹子巨蟒甚至老虎的家

To survive dangerous night prowlers

为了在暗夜潜行者的利爪下存活

the langurs went underground

叶猴们前往地底

using their rock climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible caverns