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非谓语动词动词不定式的用法讲解

动词不定式 :(to +do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。

否定式:not + (to do

以 do 为例,动词不定式的构成如下:

1.一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后 .

例如:

I'm nice to meet you. 很高兴见到你。

He seems to know a lot. 他看起来懂得很多。

We plan to pay a visit. 我们计划花钱去参观。

He wants to be an artist. 他想成为一个艺术家。

The patient asked to be operated on at once. 病人要求马上手术。 The teacher ordered the work to be done. 老师要求完成工作。 2.进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生, 例如:

The boy pretended to be working hard. 男孩假装工作得很努力。 He seems to be reading in his room. 看起来他正在他的房间里面读书。

3.完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如:

I regretted having told a lie. 我后悔我说谎了。

I happened to have seen the film. 我偶然看过这部电影。

He is pleased to have met his friend. 他很高兴能遇上他的朋友。不定式的句法功能:(1作主语:

To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。

To lose your heart means failure. 灰心意味着失败。

动词不定式短语作主语时,常用 it 作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式:

It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。

It means failure to lose your heart. 灰心意味着失败。

常用句式有:1、 It+be+名词 +to do。 2、 It takes sb.+some time+to do 。 3、

It+be+形容词 +of sb +to do。常用

careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly, stupid,wise, 等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,不定式前的 sb. 可作其逻辑主语。

2.作表语:

Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作是打扫大厅。

He appears to have caught a cold. 他似乎感冒了。

3.作宾语:

常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:

want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,help, agree,promise,prefer, 如果不定式(宾语后面有宾语补足语,则用 it 作形式宾语 ,真正的宾语(不定式后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如: Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 马克思发现研究俄国的情况是很重要的。

动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如:

I have no choice but to stay here. 我只能留在这里,别无选择。 He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. 他上周日除了修他的自行车什么也没干。

动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如:

He gave us some advice on how to learn English. 他给了我们一些学英语的建议。

4.作宾语补足语:

在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:

want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,p

repare,cause,force,call on,wait for,invite.

此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如:

With a lot of work to do,he didn't go to the cinema. 他有很多工作要做,所以没去电影院。

有些动词如 make,let,see,watch,hear,feel,have 等与不带有 to 的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加 to, 如:

I saw him cross the road. 我看见他横过公路。

He was seen to cross the road. 他被我看见横过公路。

5.作定语:

动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系:

①动宾关系:

I have a meeting to attend. 我有一个会议要出席。

注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等, 应有必要的介词,如:

He found a good house to live in. 他找到了一个居住的好房子。 The child has nothing to worry about. 这个孩子无忧无虑。 What did you open it with? 你用什么打开它?

如果不定式修饰 time,place,way ,可以省略介词:

He has no place to live. 他无处安身。

This is the best way to work out this problem. 这是解决这个问题的最好办法。

如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式:

Have you got anything to send? 你要送什么东西吗?

Have you got anything to be sent? 你有什么东西需要送吗?

②说明所修饰名词的内容:

We have made a plan to finish the work. 我们制定了一个完成工作的计划。

③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语:

He is the first to get here. 他第一个来到这儿。

6.作状语:

①表目的:

He worked day and night to get the money. 他夜以继日地工作来赚钱。

She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 她卖掉了自己的头发来买那条表链。

注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致:

wrong :To save money,every means has been tried.

right :To save money,he has tried every means. 为了省钱,他使出了浑身解数。

wrong :To learn English well,a dictionary is needed.

right :To learn English well,he needs a dictionary. 为了学好英语,他需要一本词典。

②表结果 (往往是与预期愿望相反的结果意料之外 :常放在 never only 后

He arrived late only to find the train had gone. 他来晚了,只见火车已经走了。

I visited him only to find him out. 我去拜访他,只见他出去了。③表原因:常放在形容词后面

They were very sad to hear the news. 他们听到这条新闻非常伤心。④表程度:

It's too dark for us to see anything. 太暗了,我们什么也看不见。

The question is simple for him to answer. 这问题由他来回答是很简单的。

7.作目的状语:既可以放在句首,也可以放在句尾

To tell you the truth,I don't like the way he talked. 说实话, 我不喜欢他讲话的方式。

8.不定式的省略:保留 to 省略 do 动词。

If you don't want to do it,you don't need to. 如果你不想做这件事,你就不必做。

9.不定式的并列:第二个不定式可省略 to 。

He wished to study medicine and become a doctor. 他希望学医并成为医生。

非谓语动词用法归纳语法

非谓语动词用法归纳一、表格的用法 1. doing 的用法（1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid 避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge 承认/自认admit 承认advocate 提倡/ 主张consider 考虑can't help 不禁can't stand 受不了contemplate 细想complete 完成confess 坦白dislike 不喜欢，讨厌deserve 值得delay 延迟deny 否认dread 可怕defer 拖延detest 嫌恶enjoy 享有/喜爱envy 嫉妒endure 忍受excuse 借口escape 逃跑/ 逃避finish 完成forgive 原谅fancy 幻想/ 爱好favor 造成/ 偏爱figure 描绘/ 计算hate 讨厌imagine 设想involve 卷入/ 包含keep 保持miss 错过mention 说到/ 讲到mind 介意pardon 原谅/ 饶恕permit 允许postpone 推迟practice 实行/实践prevent 阻止quit 放弃停止risk 冒险recall 回想resist 抵抗/ 阻止resume 恢复repent 悔悟resent 怨恨stand 坚持/ 忍受suggest 建议save 营救/ 储蓄tolerate 忍受

worth 值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. 6）概括性, 一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting.

动词不定式用法讲解·优选.

动词不定式的用法讲解一、动词不定式：构成：to + 动词原形（to只是不定式符号，没有意义）动词不定式作主语较长时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末。 1.It + is/was+形容词+(for sb.) +动词不定式 To learn English well is useful. = It’s useful to learn English well.学好英语是有用的。 To protect environment is important for us. = It’s impor tant for us to protect environment.对于我们来说保护环境是很重要的。 2. It is / was + kind / good/ nice/ clever + of sb. + 动词不定式 It’s very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真的太聪明啦。 3. It takes ( took , will take ) sb. some time to do something. (做某事花费某人…时间) 4.It is a good idea to do sth. 作宾语 1.常见的跟不定式作宾语的动词有： want to do sth. decide to do sth. hope to do sth. plan to do sth. offer to do sth. agree to do sth. learn to do sth try to do sth prefer to do sth promise to do sth. need to do sth. expect to do sth. 2. 主语+ find / think + it +形容词+ (for sb.) + to do I find it easy to read English every day. 我发现每天读英语和容易的。 He felt it hard to sleep.他觉得很难入睡。 I think it very interesting to learn English. 我认为学英语很有趣。 We found it impossible to cross the river. 我们发现过河是不可能的。 3.特殊疑问词+动词不定式作宾语 Can you tell me how to get to the post office? I didn’t know what to do next.

非谓语动词用法讲解

非谓语动词讲解 1. 动词不定式（1）动词不定式的构成：不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)动词原形。（2）动词不定式的句法功能： 1)不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为：It + be + adj. +(for/of sb.)+动词不定式。如： To learn English well is useful．→It is useful to learn English well．

学好英语很有用。 It’s important for us to protect the environment．保护环境对我们来说很重要。注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。如： It’s very kind of you to help me．你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that．你那样做真是太聪明啦! 2)不定式作宾语 ①一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like，like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。如：Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗? ②在find，think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。如：I find it easy to read English every day．我发现每天读英语很容易。 ③常见的一些不带to的动词不定式 why not do...，why don’t you do...，had better(not) do...，would rather do，could/would/will you please(not) do... 如：I would rather stay in the room．我宁愿待在房间里。 3)不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：tell，ask，want，allow，get，would like，encourage 后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：Lucy asked him to turn down the radio．露西让他关小收音机。 My mother encourages me to learn Japanese．我妈妈鼓励我学日语。注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear，listen to)、三让(let，make，have)、四看(look at，see，watch，notice)，但变被动语态时，必须加上to。如：My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss．老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。 4)不定式作定语

高中动词不定式用法讲解及练习

Grammar Presentation---动词不定式一、不定式的句法功能 ●不定式作主语 ?To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习外语不是一件容易的事。 ◎不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语来代替它的位置，而将真正的主语（不定式短语）移到谓语之后 ?It’s a great honor to be invited to Mary’s birthday party.很荣幸被邀请参加玛丽的生日聚会。 ●不定式作宾语 ◎作动词宾语 ◇下列动词常接不定式作宾语，如：agree, arrange, ask, beg, choose, dare, decide, demand,expect, fail, fear, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, ?They hope to find new resources for mankind.他们希望为人类找到新资源。 ◇如果不定式作宾语且有自己的补语，常用“it”作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在后面。下列动词常用it作形式宾语，如：believe, consider, feel, find, know, make ?I know it impossible to finish so much homework in one day. 我知道在一天中完成这么多的作业是不可能的。 ●不定式作表语 ◎不定式作表语时，一般紧跟在系动词后，说明主语的内容 ?The first step is to check the victim’s breathing. 第一步是检查受害人的呼吸。 ●不定式作补语 ?I’d like the problem to be discussed at the next meeting.我希望这个问题在下一次会上讨论。 ●不定式作定语 ?The students have a lot of homework to do every day.学生们每天都有很多家庭作业要做。 ●不定式作状语不定式可以作原因状语、结果状语、目的状语以及方式状语不定式在下列句式中作目的状语：so as to do, in order to do ?In order to ensure your hair looks its best, pay attention to what you eat. 为了保证你的头发是最佳状态，请注意你的饮食。二：不定式考点归纳：考点1：不定式的时态和语态： 1.---Is Bob still performing? ---I’m afraid not. He is said ____the stage already as he has become an official. A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left 2.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ____ the film stars had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 1．A. 根据句子的意思“据说他已经离开了舞台”，要用不定式的完成式的主动形式。2．B. 用动词的不定式的被动形式表示结果状语。考点2：不定式的功能：不定式具有名词的特征，可以作主语或宾语（例5），具有形容词的特征，可以作表语、定语或补足语（例4）；具有副词的特征，在句子中可以作状语（例3）。

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inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋不定式【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it. b) It is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...) ＋不定式 It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash. It is a pity to have to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.

人教版英语非谓语动词的用法大全及解析百度文库

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动词不定式用法讲解

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动词不定式用法讲解

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充当宾语补足语 I persuaded him to make a speech in public. 注意：在感官动词／使役动词／help后（see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做宾补时，可省略“to”） I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. （我看到了他们争论的整个过程）但，感官动词后面也可接Ving形式，表示正在进行。 I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. （我看到他们正在争论谁该扫地，并不一定看到了整个过程）充当状语（目的，原因，结果状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致） I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. （目的状语） I’m sorry to bother you.（原因状语） He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. （结果状语，only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的结果）充当定语（不定式作定语，要放在所修饰的词的后面） I have a lot of dishes to wash. Do you have anything to say There are 3 questions to answer. 一些固定句型中不定式省略“to” had better would rather do… than do… why not do “except/but” 有“do” 无“to”，有”to”无“do” have nothing to do but do… do everything but/except have no choice but to want nothing but/except to 当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列（and/or/than）时，通常只保留第一个不定式的“to”. He told me to stay there and wait for him. It’s easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. （否定式中“to”不能省略）

非谓语动词的用法详解

非谓语动词非谓语动词有3种：不定式，动名词和分词。不定式不定式由“to do”构成，其否定式“not to do”。不定式可带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有语态的变化，不定式可作主，宾，定，状，补，表，不能单独作谓语。一. 不定式的用法 1 作主语 To see is to believe. It is right to give up smoking. 2 作表语 My job is to teach English. 3 作宾语 He wanted to go. I find it hard to work with him. 常见用不定式作宾语的动词: want, wish, like, decide, help, ask, agree, afford, arrange, care, determine, fail, guarantee, hesitate, hope, hurry, manage, offer, pretend, promise, seek, prepare, refuse, swear, expec t, plan, would like, make up one’s mind, be determined 4 作补语 He asked me to open the door. 常见用不定式作宾补的动词: advise, allow, permit, forbid, ask, beg, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, like, order, peruade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, consider practice: * 在感官动词feel, hear, listen to, see, look, notice, watch, observe,和使役动词make, let, have等后的补语中，不定式不带to，但这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带to I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song. 5 作定语 He is looking for a room to live in. There’s nothing to worry about. 不定式作定语的用法： 6 作状语 I came here to see you. (表目的) in order to / so as to We were excited to hear the news. （表原因）

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如： Dave told me not to wake up Kate. 大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不带to的不定式结构以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： (1)在固定词组had better之后。注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。如： You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 (2)在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。如： I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see you come in. 我没看见你进来。 (3)在引导疑问句的why not之后。 Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省

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动词不定式用法

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