如何将PDF文件在线进行中英文互译操作方法是什么

如何将PDF文件在线进行中英文互译操作方法是什么

PDF文件格式是一种现在比较常用，类似于office和WPS的一种文件格式，常用但是没有其他两种用的多。因为使用少所以对其功能就了了解的少，比如PDF在线翻译，很多的人都不知道如何在线翻译PDF文件的内容。那么如何将PDF文件在线进行中英文互译操作方法是什么，下面就来介绍一下。

一，搜索关键词迅捷PDF在线转换器，打开进入到搜索到的工具首页

二，在首页导航栏里找到文档处理，在其下拉框中找到在线翻译，在在线翻译的子栏目里找到PDF在线翻译

加上

翻译

五，文件转换需要一点的时间，但时间不会太长，一般在20秒左右，请耐心等待

六，文件翻译完成之后点击立即下载，把翻译好的PDF文件下载到自己的桌面上

上面就是PDF中英文互译的操作方法介绍了，其实这款工具操作简单以上手，大致的看一下就可以操作了，因为它每步都会有一个简单的操作介绍。这款工具功能强大且齐全，除了提到的功能之外还有很多其他的功能，如果有需要可以到工具首页去看看。

迅捷PDF在线转换器：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/603685754.html,/

《英汉翻译课程教学大纲》

英汉翻译课程教学大纲 一、课程的目的和任务 《英汉翻译教程》和《汉英翻译教程》的教学目的和任务是，从英译汉和汉译英的一般规律和原则出发，围绕翻译的基本理论、英汉异同的对比以及翻译实践中成功或失败的实例，介绍汉英两种语言的对比与分析、各类文体的语言特点以及不同翻译方法，向学生传授基本的翻译理论和常用方法、技巧，通过反复实践培养学生汉英翻译基本技能。通过学习，学生能够熟练地运用已掌握的英语基本语法和词汇等知识，忠实、准确、通顺、完整地将汉语句子、段落和短文译成英语，并对文化差异有着较强的敏感性，能够较好地处理英汉互译中具有民族特色的形象、比喻等，胜任一般性的政治、经济、文化、科技、应用文等的翻译工作。同时，还要注重培养学生严谨的学风，避免不求甚解、逐词死译和望文生义。 适当补充口译实践，训练学生在政治、经济、文化等方面的能力，并提高学生的政策水平和涉外工作能力。 二、课程的基本要求 《英汉翻译教程》和《汉英翻译教程》课程的教学分为翻译方法和技巧训练阶段和短文翻译两个阶段，其分别要求是： １、翻译方法和技巧训练阶段的基本要求： （1）、词汇： 掌握10000－12000 个词汇以及这些单词构成的常用词组；正确而熟练地使用其中5000－6000 个词 汇及最常用的搭配，能够运用到汉英互译中。 （2）语法： 熟练地使用各种衔接手段，连贯地表达思想，侧重语法结构在翻译过程中的理解和应用。 （3）阅读能力： 能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评，理解文章大意，分辨事实与细节；能读懂有一定难度的 历史传记及文学作品，理解其真实含义；能分析上述题材文章的思想观点，语篇结构，语言特点和修辞手法。 （4）翻译能力： 能借词典将文字资料译成理解正确、表达准确、译文连贯通顺具一定修辞手段的规范语句，写译的速度达到每小时250－300 词。 2. 短文翻译阶段的基本要求： （1）词汇 1

郭著章 李庆生《英汉互译实用教程》笔记和课后习题(含考研真题)详解(大写、标点符号与英汉互译)

第10章大写、标点符号与英汉互译 10.1 复习笔记 第1节大写与翻译 一、英文大写的最常用规则 1. 历史上的事件、时期和文件。如：美国的“南北战争”为“Civil War”。 2. 商品的牌子名称。如：飞鸽牌自行车Flying—Pigeon bicycle，可口可乐Coca Cola。 3. 星期名、月份、假日。如：星期一Monday，三月March，国庆日National Day。 4. 人名和地名，即数量最多的专有名词。如：邓小平Deng Xiaoping，莎士比亚Shakespeare，伦敦London。 5. 标题与书名等专名中的实词与两个音节及其以上的虚词。如：《为人民服务》“Serve the People”，《双城记》A Tale of Two Cities，《无事生非》Much Ado About Nothing。 6. 圣经中关于上帝的名词与代词。如：God，Lord，Christ，Jesus，He，Him，Himself 和His。 7. 职称、头衔和亲属关系称呼用在人名前头时。如：王力教授Professor Wang Li，史密斯博士Dr. Smith。 8. 机关、学校、建筑物和商业机构的名称。如：教育部Education Ministry，武汉大学Wuhan University，人民大会堂the Great Hall of the People。 9. 种族、国籍、语言和宗教方面的词语。如：黑人Black People或Negro，意大利

人Italian，中国籍(中国人或中国人的)Chinese，汉语Chinese天主教Catholic，新教徒Protestant。 10. 其他一切有特殊含义的词语，包括一句或一信的开头词、诗行的开头词、直接引语的开头词、强调词语等，和前9条中所说的词语一样，其首字母或全部字母必须大写。如： (1) 他爱国。 He loves his motherland. (2) 亲爱的先生： Dear Sir， (3) (诗句)听!那山谷深深，/充满了她歌唱的清音。 O listen! for the vale profound/Is overflowing with the sound. 第2节汉译英与标点 一、汉语标点符号 汉语书面语中共有l6种标点符号，它们是：l. 句号(。)2. 问号(?)3. 叹号(!)4. 逗号(，)5. 顿号(、)6. 分号(；)7. 冒号(：)8. 引号(“”)9. 括号(( ))10. 破折号(—)11. 省略号( (12) 着重号(. )13. 连接号(-)14. 间隔号(·)15. 书名号(《》)16. 专名号(____) 要正确地使用标点符号，记清它们的位置亦非常重要。《标点符号用法》对每种符号的位置也作了明确规定：“句号、问号、叹号、逗号、顿号、分号和冒号都是占一个字的位置，通常不出现在一行之首。引号、括号、书名号的前一半不出现在一行之末，后一半不出现在一行之首。破折号和省略号都占两个字的位置，中间不能断开。连接号和间隔号一般占一个字的位置。在书写和印刷时，这四种符号上下居中。着重号、专名号和浪线式书名号标在字

英汉互译教程要略

英汉互译教程要略 1．Joint military exercises have increased in the region, to the detriment of trust between countries. 联合军事演习在本地区有增无减，不利于国家间建立信任。 2．This old man gets up and goes to bed with the sun everyday. 这位老翁每天黎明即起，日落而息。 3．A nearby object falling into a black hole is never heard of again. 附近的天体一旦落入黑洞，就会销声匿迹。 4．我们应该抢时间赶任务。 We should work against the clock. 5.These hospital expenses made inroads on my savings. 这些住院费耗掉了我大部分积蓄。 6．They killed a bottle of Kaoliang between them. 他们二人对酌，把一瓶高粱酒喝得一干二净。 7．When it came to reading, they were as good as blind. 一拿起书本，他们可都成了睁眼瞎了。 8．Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。 9．人们笑贫不笑娼。 People ridicule poverty but not prostitutes. 10. Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷。 11．They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them. 他们拼着命地逃跑。 12．People were born survivors. 人的生存能力是与生俱来的。 13．这个环境工程是个“民心工程”。 The environment-friendly project is a “popularity-winning” project. 14. 语言这东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功夫不可。 The mastery of a language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. 15. 会议开得冷冷清清，有时甚至开不下去了。 The meetings were marked by such absence of living discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up. 16. They pay lip-service to education but don’t work for better schools. 他们口惠而实不至，口口声声支持教育，却又不肯为改善学校条件做一些实际工作。17．Unemployment has stubbornly refused to contract for more than a decade. 失业人数高居不下，已经十多个年头了。 18．有些厕所似乎仍是这次卫生大扫除活动的死角。 Some toilets seem immune to the clean-up campaign. 19. 这个摊贩叫卖道：“快来买呀，过了这村可没这个店啦。” The street peddler hawked, “Now or never!” 20. Why carry coals to Newcastle? 何必多此一举？ 21．You’re just teaching your grandmother how to suck eggs. 你这是在班门弄斧。 22．His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness.

广西师范学院《-英汉互译(一)》课程教案

广西师范学院《英汉互译（一）》课程教案 编号: 15-9 开课单位：外语系授课教研室：翻译写作 课程名称：《英汉互译（一）》授课教师：唐旭光 教材：《新编英汉互译教程》，授课对象：06级英语专业2、3、5班

《英汉互译（一）》第九讲语态转译 (Conversion of Active Sentences into Passive Ones and Vice Versa) 英语的语态是动词的一种形式，分为主动语态和被动语态。汉语也有主动句与被动句之分。所谓“语态转译”，就是在英汉互译过程中，将主动语态的句子转译为被动语态的句子，或者将被动语态的句子转译为主动语态的句子。主动句的主要成分是“主语—谓语—宾语”，这在英语和汉语中是一致的。然而英语和汉语的被动句的结构就略有不同了。英语被动句是由助动词加上动词的过去分词构成的，而汉语被动句的构成则没有动词的变化，只须使用一系列标志词来表明句子的被动结构即可。这类标志词主要是“被”、“受”、“遭”、“挨”、“叫”、“让”等等。它们可以用作助词表被动意义，亦可用作介词引出动作发出者。 同英语相比，汉语被动句的使用范围小得多。有人曾做过统计，《水浒传》全书仅用了120个被动句；而在一段有关石油勘测的英语短文中，全段14个谓语动词，就有13个用了被动语态。造成这种汉语被动句使用范围小的原因可能很多，但主要原因有三个。第一个原因是汉语中有许多动词既可用来表示主动意义，又可用来表达被动意义，正如倜西先生（2002：74）所说“汉语之所以少用被动句大概与古汉语有关，因为在古汉语中有一个很特别的语言现象：好些动词可以既表示主动，又表示被动，因此无所谓主动句或被动句。” 第二个原因是汉语是意合语言，这就决定了汉语在句子的构成上不太注重形式的整合，而是注重意义的粘连。因此，汉语句子即使不用被动句的标志性词语，也可以表达被动意义。第三个原因是汉语大量使用无主句。无主语句是汉语的一大优势。 以上这些原因决定了在英汉翻译过程中，会有相当一部分英语被动句给转译为汉语主动句。如果为了保留原文结构而过多地使用被动语态标志性词语，只会使译文显得生硬拗口，晦涩难懂。而在汉英翻译过程中，则需要根据英文表达习惯，将一些汉语主动句转译为英语被动句。下面分英译汉、汉译英两大部分例证语态转译这种变通技巧。 一．语态转译在英译汉中的运用 1.1 英语被动句译为汉语主动句 英语被动语态的句子在大多数情况下被翻译成汉语主动语态的句子，这是英汉翻译中的客观现象，这种现象是由英汉两种语言的习惯表达特点所决定的。1.1.1 英语被动句的形式主语在汉语译文中仍作主语 1. The crater may have been caused by an asteroid crashing into the earth some time during the Cretaceous period 65 million years ago. 这个断裂口可能是6500万年前白垩纪时期一个小行星撞击地球形成的。 2. Her husband could be freed on bail within months.

郭著章《英汉互译实用教程》(第4版)教材配套题库-第5章 翻译常用的八种技巧【圣才出品】

第5章翻译常用的八种技巧 5.1 重译法 一、英译汉 1. It may seem strange to put into the same packet an industrial revolution and two political revolutions. But the fact is that they were all social revolutions. 【译文】把一场工业革命同两次政治革命归作一类似乎有点奇怪，但事实上这三次革命都是社会革命。 2. Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals, and they characterise all the Industrial Revolution. 【译文】在修建英国的运河网的过程中，有两点是非常突出的，而这两点也正是整个工业革命的特点。 3. The canals were arteries of communication: they were not made to carry pleasure boats, but barges. 【译文】运河是交通的动脉，开运河不是为了走游艇，而是为了通行驳船。 4. James Brindley was a pioneer in the art of building canals or, as it was then called, ‘navigation’. 【译文】布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把开凿运河叫做navigation。

5. Several factors accounted for this extraordinary achievement. One was the expansion into the west. Another was the application of machinery to farming. 【译文】取得这一特殊成就有几方面的原因：第一个原因是向西部的扩展，第二个原因是机器在农业上的应用。 6. …for the establishment of agricultural and industrial colleges. These were to serve both as educational institutions and as centers for research in scientific farming. 【译文】……以便建立农业和工业学院。这些学校一方面是教育机关，另一方面，也是农业科学的研究中心。 7. …This is nothing li ke back home in Colorado. We have rains there, too. Thunderstorms in spring and summer... 【译文】……这跟家乡科罗拉多的情况迥然不同。科罗拉多也下雨。春夏两季雷雨交加……【解析】原文第二句用there代替in Colorado，而译文重复“科罗拉多”。 8. The world watches. The world listens. The world waits to see what we will do. 【译文】全世界在注视着。全世界在倾听着。全世界在等待着看我们将做些什么。 9. As you said in your toast, the Chinese people are a great people, the American people are a great people.

英汉互译教程要略

英汉互译教程总复习 1．Joint military exercises have increased in the region, to the detriment of trust between countries. 联合军事演习在本地区有增无减，不利于国家间建立信任。 2．This old man gets up and goes to bed with the sun everyday. 这位老翁每天黎明即起，日落而息。 3．A nearby object falling into a black hole is never heard of again. 附近的天体一旦落入黑洞，就会销声匿迹。 4．我们应该抢时间赶任务。 We should work against the clock. 5.These hospital expenses made inroads on my savings. 这些住院费耗掉了我大部分积蓄。 6．They killed a bottle of Kaoliang between them. 他们二人对酌，把一瓶高粱酒喝得一干二净。 7．When it came to reading, they were as good as blind. 一拿起书本，他们可都成了睁眼瞎了。 8．Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。 9．人们笑贫不笑娼。 People ridicule poverty but not prostitutes. 10. Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷。 11．They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them. 他们拼着命地逃跑。 12．People were born survivors. 人的生存能力是与生俱来的。 13．这个环境工程是个“民心工程”。 The environment-friendly project is a “popularity-winning” project. 14. 语言这东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功夫不可。 The mastery of a language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. 15. 会议开得冷冷清清，有时甚至开不下去了。 The meetings were marked by such absence of living discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up. 16. They pay lip-service to education but don’t work for better schools. 他们口惠而实不至，口口声声支持教育，却又不肯为改善学校条件做一些实际工作。17．Unemployment has stubbornly refused to contract for more than a decade. 失业人数高居不下，已经十多个年头了。 18．有些厕所似乎仍是这次卫生大扫除活动的死角。 Some toilets seem immune to the clean-up campaign. 19. 这个摊贩叫卖道：“快来买呀，过了这村可没这个店啦。” The street peddler hawked, “Now or never!” 20. Why carry coals to Newcastle? 何必多此一举？ 21．You’re just teaching your grandmother how to suck eggs. 你这是在班门弄斧。 22．His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness.

汉英翻译技巧汇总

汉英翻译技巧汇总 Title: 汉英翻译技巧：合并（Combination） Key words: combination, simple sentence, compound sentence, C-E translation Abstract: It discusses the technique of combination of simple and compound sentences. Compiler: 丁树德等 C-E （A） in terms of simple sentences （1）天气寒冷，河水都结冰了。It was so cold that the river froze. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，大学出版社，1996） （2）理论必须密切联系实际，这是我们应当牢记的一条原则。That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，大学出版社，1996） （3）他在战斗中表现突出，受到连长的表扬。He was commended by the company commander for his distinguished performance in the battle. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，大学出版社，1996） （4）年满十八岁的公民，都有选举权和被选举权。All citizens who have reached the age of eighteen have the right to vote and to stand for election. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，大学出版社，1996） （5）当时，友谊商店只对外宾开放，不对中宾开放。At the time the friendship store was exclusively open to foreign visitors.（王大伟，"现代汉英翻译技巧"，世界图书出版公司，1999）（本科四年级以上） （B） in terms of compound sentences （6）她对自己所取得的成就充满了自豪，这也不是没有道理的。She is justifiably proud of her achievements. （"现代汉英翻译技巧" 王大伟世界图书出版公司1999） （7）这家小工厂经过技术改造，发展很快，使人感到惊讶不已。This small factory underwent a technological renovation, thus developing with

英汉互译教程

英汉互译教程 Unit3 Words have no meanings, context gives them. 词本无意，意随文生。 Words have no meanings, people give them.词本无意，意随人生。 3.1 Meaning: denotation and connotation denotation: literal meaning Connotation: implied meaning 所谓概念意义，也叫外延意义（denotative Meaning）或认知意义（cognitive Meaning），就是词汇的最基本意义，是语言符号所代表的事物的基本特征的抽象概括，常视为词语在字典中的定义或释义 所谓内涵意义(connotative meaning)，是隐含于或附加在概念意义上的意义。社会、群体或个人都可以使一个词具有内涵意义，有时还是很不相同的内涵意义。这种差异既可以存在于两种语言、两种文化之间，也可以存在于一种语言和一种文化的亚文化之间。 Standard of translation 各种翻译技巧、变化等等，都是为了表达的需要（忠实、通顺）。而为了达到这些效果，就不得不借助于以下这些概念： text type, collocation, context, style, etc. It is not surprising, then that the world saw a return to a floating exchange rate system. Central banks were no longer required to support their own currencies. 在这种情况下，世界各国又恢复浮动汇率就不足为奇了。各国中央银行也就无须维持本币的汇价了。 Floating policy is of great importance for export trade; it is, in fact, a convenient method of insuring goods where a number of similar export transactions are intended, e.g. where the insured has to supply an overseas importer under an exclusive sale agreement or maintains sales representatives or subsidiary companies abroad. 统保单对出口贸易至关重要。它实际上是货物保险中的一种便利的办法，特别适合于分不同的时间出口的一批类似货物，如，当被保险方根据独家代理协议书向国外的进口方供货，或在国外委任了销售代表，设立分支机构时用之。 3.1 纵聚合与横聚合 语义场中，词汇的语义关系可分为纵聚合关系（paradigmatic relationship）与横组合关系(syntagmatic relationship)。 纵聚合关系指的是词语的纵向替代关系。 横组合关系指的是词语间的搭配关系。 做饭做礼拜 做梦做买卖 做客做学问 语义场中，词汇的语义关系可分为纵聚合关系（paradigmatic relationship）与横组合关系(syntagmatic relationship)。 纵聚合关系指的是词语的纵向替代关系。 横组合关系指的是词语间的搭配关系。

郭著章、李庆生《英汉互译实用教程》(第3版)课后习题及详解-第1~6章【圣才出品】

第1章翻译概述 一、填空 1. Yan Fu’s 3-word translation criteria are _____, _____and_____. 【答案】faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance 【解析】严复提出的翻译标准：信、达、雅。 2. Translation in China has a long history of some_____years. 【答案】two thousand 【解析】我国的翻译事业有约2000年的历史。 3. The two words used as the common criteria of translation in China today are _____and_____. 【答案】faithfulness, smoothness 【解析】我国现今通用的两个翻译标准：“信”和“达”。 二、回答下列问题 1. What is meant by translation? 【答案】Translation is a representation or recreation in one language of what is written or said in another language, not only an art but also a science. 2. What was Karl Marx fond of saying about the importance of a foreign language?

【答案】Karl Marx was fond of saying: “A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life.” 3. What are the prerequisites for a qualified translator? 【答案】Generally speaking, a qualified translator should have five prerequisites:① a good command of the source language,② a good command of the target language,③ a wide range and scope of knowledge,④ a high political consciousness,⑤ a necessary knowledge of basic techniques used in translation. 4. How to define the literal translation and the liberal translation? 【答案】Literal translation refers to an adequate representation of the original almost without any change of word-order or sentence construction. Liberal translation is also called free translation, which does not adhere strictly to the form or word-order of the original. 5. What do you think should be the criteria of translation? 【答案】To me, the criteria of translation should be the following two words: faithfulness and smoothness, or even only one word: faithfulness. 三、英译汉 1. Source language and target language 【答案】译出语和译入语

英汉互译教程

?一本书 a book ?申请书Letter Of Application ?协议书Agreement ?家书 a letter from home ?(使用)说明书Directions ?成交确认书Sales Confirmation ?情书 a love letter ?国书credentials ?议定书protocol ?证书certificate ?书报亭news—stand ?书画painting and calligraphy ?书房study ?书记secretary ?书生intellectual ?参考书目bibliography ?奋笔疾书wield one's writing brush energetically ?一封信 a letter ?去取信to fetch mail ?失信to break promise ?信守诺言to keep one's promise ?信以为真to accept sth as true ?信不信to believe it or not ?信佛to profess Buddhism ?取信于民to win people's confidence ?信口开河to talk irresponsibly ?信笔to write freely ?信步to stroll idly 信风trade wind ?信(达、雅) faithfulness ?信男信女devout men and women 信史authentic history ?在这种情况下 ?under such circumstances / such being the case ?这种情况必须改变。 ?This state of affairs must change. ?现在情况不同了。 ?Now things are different. ?情况怎么样？ ?How do matters stand? ?我们应当根据具体情况做出决定。 ?We should make decisions in accordance with specific conditions. ?他问起了她的健康情况。 ?He inquired after her health ?前线有什么情况? ?How is the situation at the front? ? 4. 近 ?近在咫尺 ?be close at hand ?近几年来 ?in recent years ?近百年史 ?the history of the last hundred years ?年近六十?approaching sixty; getting on for sixty ?两家走得挺近。 ?The two families are on intimate terms. ?西方文western culture(civilization) ?文化界cultural circle ?文化人intellectuals ?文化程度schooling ?文化用品stationery ?农业是国民经济的基础。(广义) ?Agriculture is the foundation of our national economy. ?这些年来，我国的农业、林业、畜牧业和渔业都得到相应的发展。(狭义) ?Over the years，corresponding developments have been made in our farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. ?法西斯的暴行激起了全世界人民极大的愤怒。 ?The atrocities of the fascists roused the people in the world to great indignation. ?大城市 a big city ?大厦 a large building ?大会堂 a great hall ?大雨heavy rain ?大雾thick fog ?大风strong wind ?大地震violent (great) earthquake ?大路main road ?大手术major operation ?大哥eldest brother ?大白菜Chinese cabbage ?大病serious illness ?大科学家an outstanding scientist ?大人物an important person

英汉互译课程论文原文(5)Translation Theory

嘉兴学院课程论文 2012—2013学年第1学期 课程名称：英汉互译 班级：姓名：学号： 要求：阅读下文，并组织4个同学将其译为汉语（请注明每位同学翻译的部分） A Short History of Western Translation Theory Introduction Antoine Berman has argued that because "reflection on translation has become an internal necessity of translation itself…(t)he construction of a history of translation is the first task of a modern theory of translation" (Berman 1992: 1). This paper gives a very brief overview of the history of western theories of translation, from the perspective of the end of the twentieth century. The framework for my discussion will be a discourse analysis approach to the history of ideas developed by the French historian Michel Foucault. Adapting Steiner (1998: 248-9), I will divide the history of discourse on translation into four periods: (1) a "traditional" period, from the beginning of the Christian era to the end of the eighteenth century, which is a period of "immediate empirical focus", (2) a period of "theory and hermeneutic inquiry", growing out of German Romanticism around the beginning of the nineteenth century, (3) a "modern" period, reaching well into the twentieth century, in which the influence of General Linguistics is increasingly dominant, and (4) the contemporary period, subsequent to the publication of Steiner"s book, which has taken to itself the name of "Translation Studies". An Approach to the History of Ideas My sources to the end of the nineteenth century will be drawn from Douglas Robinson"s Western Translation Theory(Robinson1997a). In studying the history of ideas about translation theory, we are seeking to make sense of a series of existing written texts - what they have to say about the act of translation and translated texts, and how they say what they have to say. Clearly there is a vast amount of discourse about the practice and significance of the act of translation. The 334 pages of Robinson"s book include 124 texts by 90 authors. The historical "sequel", which is the basis of my later remarks, Venuti"s Translation Studies Reader (2000), includes 30 essays by 30 authors and covers 524 pages. This mass of documents is far from being a random collection of statements. As Foucault has noted: "we know perfectly well that we are not free to say just anything, that we cannot simply speak of anything, when we like or where we like; not just anyone, finally, may speak of just anything" (Foucault 1972: 216). Specific fields of discourse are organised in regular ways and grow out of definable social contexts. In all fields of discourse, including those related to translation, "discursive practices are characterised by the delimitation of a field of objects, the definition of a legitimate perspective

郭著章《英汉互译实用教程》(第4版)教材配套题库-第5章 翻译常用的八种技巧(中)【圣才出品】

5.3 减译法 1. I know my friends from the feel of their faces. 【译文】我靠触摸脸庞来辨认朋友。 2. Ice is a solid. If we heat it, it melts and becomes water. 【译文】冰是固体，如果加热，就融化成水。 3. John got up very early in the morning. He put on his jacket, sat down at his desk and began to do his homework. 【译文】约翰早晨起床很早，他穿上夹克，就坐在桌旁开始做家庭作业。 4. But at the present moment the whole road looked rather pretty, for the sun had just set in splendor, and the equalities of rent were drowned in a saffron afterglow. 【译文】但此时整条路看起来都挺美，金灿灿的太阳刚落下山，橙红色的余辉掩盖了房屋的种种差异。 5. He had a shelf there, where he kept his Bohemian papers and his pipes and tobacco, and his shears and needles and thread and tailor’s thimble. 【译文】他放在那儿有一个架子，摆着他的波希米亚报纸、烟斗、烟叶，还有大剪刀、针、线，以及裁缝用的顶针。