english composition

分析历年试题，考研出题类型不外乎四种：（问题）单向类、（好现象）单向类、双向类、图表加前三种。

一、（问题）单向格式总共是三段

S1+S2+S3+S4+S5 （S——sentence）共5句话，一共60字左右，下面给出每句话可以套用的格式，这些漂亮的格式是一定要牢记和熟背的！

S1是介绍，固定格式有

1．The past few years(decades)have witnessed us (our society) faced with the issue of……

2. In rec ent years there has been a growing concern among the general public over the issue of……

3. Nothing can be more serious (upsetting ,outstanding, meaningful…) than the issue of……

S2+S3运用Flex 技巧进行扩展和包装，这些Flex 技巧在后面详细给出，要熟背！

运用statistics:

According to a recent survey made by Dr. Cao, head of sociology department at Beijing

University,70%....;and 30%....(在此直接用数字，不要写英文，一般写两句随便给

出两个数据足够)

S4 “同一份调查还表明…（又给出另一个数据）

The same survey also shows that +（又一数据）

S5 收尾，与S1呼应，“由此可见，…问题已经非常严重了”

It can be concluded, there fore, that the issue of……has become more and more serious (harmful).

120——140字左右

开头：S1 : 10 words

1. To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon (issue,tendency), various reasons (causes) have been put forward.

2.The above problem (phenomenon) may well give rise to some effects (consequences) as follow.

S2+S3+S4: 50 words

开始列举了，但是千万不要用那些滥词：first，second，firstly，secondly，印象分会降低，要用些漂亮的词，尽可能用短语：

In the very beginning,

+S2

In the first place,

In the second place, In the end,

+S3 +S4

What is more, Last but not least

S2,S3,S4 在简单阐述了各自一个观点之后，就开始进行Flex扩展，扩展可运用Quotation 或是Example 达到增加60——80字：

Quotation:

To illustrate the point, let’s take a look at what ……(President Cliton) said in an article :“。。。。”

所以，整个第二段是核心段，基本结构是：

开头S1（10字）+ S2 扩展

S3 50字扩展共扩展60-80字

suggestions）100 words

S1 15 words

1.We should take immediate measures, for if the present situation continues as before, serious outcome will

come up.

2. It is high time that (immediate measures be taken now.) (such a problem be put an end to.) (a reform be made.)

S2+S3+S4+S5+S6 100 words or so

S2 On one hand, we should urge our government to lay down stricter rules to forbid……

S3 Should anyone dare to break the law, he to she should be put into jail for 5 years.

S4 In add ition , our government should put in more money to protect ( encourage) …….

S5 On the other hand, we should try every means to enhance the public awareness of the issue of…..

S6 Only through these measures, I firmly believe, will the above-discussed problem be efficiently resolved.

二、（好现象）单向类

介绍

开头：Nothing can be more outstanding (meaningful ) than ……

接下来运用的扩展和（问题）单向类相同

分析

(1)开头：The above phenomenon may well give rise to some benefits as follow.

(2) benefits 社会的经济的个人的

（3）做法

As the phenomenon is important ,we can approach it in the following ways.

接下来运用扩展技巧

结论

重视社会生活（money，awareness）

个人生活（awareness，我的决心等等）

说明：该现象为较大类的，如希望工程，就可以加上社会的重视；较小的如交朋友，信念如明灯，就只用个人生活的做法。

开头：It goes without saying that due attention should be paid to the phenomenon.

三、双向类

（一）A1 VS A2 = contrast “对照”即是一个事物的两方面做比较，如看电视的利弊，出国留学等等，A1好，A2坏；或是A1坏，A2好；

（二）A VS B = compare 对比即是两个事物做比较，如锻炼是跑步好还是做操好等，A B同好或是同不好

但是两种题型结构都是一样的，如下：

段一摆擂台，展现“两”面

段二回到A （A1）

单向分析原因，或结果，重要性，做法

段三回到B （A2）

段四结尾选择类A or B

表态类（用死不表态法）A1 vs A2

1．When it comes to the issue (phenomenon) of ……( tuition fee;TV effects), different people have radically different opinions. Some people hold onto the idea that

……. Other people ,however, deem that…….

f……,there is a popular discussion. Some people … Other people ,however,……

开头：…… because of the following factors.

接下来和单向类的段二相同

开头By comparison,

A or B

In the similar way,

By contrast,

A1 VS A2

Quite on the contrary,

接下来和单向类段二相同

表态类（死不表态法）

Just as any coin has two sides, it’s no exception with the issue of …. Actually the issue is just like a double-edged sword,and we should try every means to avoid its

harmfulness while at the same time, making the most of its advantages.

选择类

As discussed above, each side has its advantages and disadvantages. If I’m allowed to make a decision, I prefer A to B ( B to A) , for the following reasons. On one

hand,….. On the other hand,……

应试作文杀招之二

四、图表类

一、“从这幅漫画中我们可以得出这样一个结论：……”

1.As c an be seen from the cartoon,we are able to arrive at a conclusion that ……

2. As shown from the above picture, one point is obvious.

（1）两张图

○1Upon carefully observation, we will find that the two pictures above are closely related in meaning. ○2In the upper one,_____。○3In the lower one,

however,_____。○4The pictures convey a clear and strong message to us

that_____。

（2）一张图

○1There has been a discussion recently about a picture in which _____。○2_____。○3_____。○4The pictures convey a clear and strong message to us that_____。

二、如果是graph作文，则一定会有数据，就一定会表现出一定的趋势（tendency，trend）There has been a gradual(slow,sharp) increase(decrease) in the number (amount, size ) of ……over the past few years (decades).

There has been ……increase……of …….while there has been ……decrease ……of …..

将趋势描述出来后，再在graph上找出两个同类数据来支持我们的结论就ok了。不要将graph 上的所有数据都列举出来。

第二段的提问方式目前有两种：Interrept（点明旨意）和example（举例）。我们分别“对症下药”

（1）Interrept（点明旨意）型的：

○1The picture is based on the realities of society. ○2Just like the person in the picture, some people_____. ○3_____。○4_____。○5Such cases can be found in almost all walks of life.

(2) example（举例）：

○1Since many of the philosophic principle we adhere to are adstracted from the daily life, it is easy to find that examples in the world around us. ○2The idea illustrated in this picture is no exception. ○3For example_____。○4_____。○5_____。○6In fact, everyone has surely seen similar evidence of this truth in the their own life.

Comment（评论）。

（1）对于不好现象的评论：

Considering the current issue and worsening situation, we should call for some immediate action imposed by the authorities. In other words, our government of various levels must make relevant plans or rules to guarantee a proper order and justice. Beside, the general public should also be made aware that any prompt solution is of benefit to all. Therefore, it’s the duty of ordinary people to actively participate in the action.

（2）对于好现象的评论：

So far it’s not difficult to see that a positive attitude should be maintained here. For one thing, each one of us must be aware of its significance and possible beneficial effects. This way we can translate into proper action in daily life. For the other, some positive action should also be encouraged in the whole society.

把上面两段狂背下来。

这里要说的是，在第三段的提问中，Suggest（给建议）就等于Comment（评论），Implication(联系实际)，就套第二段的example（举例）即可。

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Who’s he ? He is my father. Who’s she ? She is my mother. Who’s he ? He is my brother. Who’s she ? She is my sister. father. mother. brother. sister. What’s your father ? He’s a doctor. What’s your mother ? She’s a teacher. What’s your brother ? He’s a worker. He’s a cook. What’s your sister? She’s a nurse. a doctor a nurse a worker a cook. Look at the moon! Oh, it’s bright. Look at the star! Oh, it’s small. Sun star moon big small bright Clean the table, please. All right. Clean the chair, please. Ok. A door a window a desk a soft a table a chair What are these ? They are carrots . A carrot a bean a tomato a potato carrots beans tomatoes potatoes What are those ? They are ants . An ant a butterfly a flower a tree What’s that ? It’s an ant. It’s a flower. They are flowers. It’s a tree. They are trees. A pie, please. Here you are. Thank you. a pie a cake a hamburger a hot dog A cake. please. Here you are. Thank you. Have some rice,Mike. OK. Thanks，mum. I like rice. bread rice mike juice （不可数名词复数都不可以加s）Have some bananas，please. OK. I like bananas. Merry Christmas ! Merry Christmas ! The bell is for you. Thank you. A gift a bell a chocolate a sweet The gift is for you. Thank you. Put on your coat. All right. Take off your sweater. OK. a coat a sweater a T-shirt a skirt It’s cold. Put on your coat. It’s hot. Take off your coat.

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shortlongshortfatthin 矮的长的短的胖的瘦的 颜色： whiteblackpurplepinkorange 白色的黑色的紫色的粉色的橙色的 brown redgreenblueyellowgrey 棕色的红色的绿色的蓝色的黄色的灰色的季节和天气springwarmsummerhotautumncool 春天暖和的夏天炎热的秋天凉爽的wintercold 冬天寒冷的 衣服：trouserssweatershirtcoatshortsT-shirt 长裤毛衣男式衬衫外套短裤T恤衫dressblouses 连衣裙女式衬衫 球类： footballbasketballping-pong 足球篮球乒乓球 综合类单词： bagwatch p igski p ta b le t igercat 书包手表猪跳绳桌子老虎猫

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Module1 unit1 单词 morning早上 in the morning 在早上 afternoon下午 Good afternoon 下午好 evening晚上 summer evening 夏天晚上night夜晚 lonely night 寂寞的夜晚 短语 Goodmorning.早上好。 Good afternoon.下午好。 Good evening.晚上好。 How are you ?你好吗？ I’m fine.我很好。 Good night.晚安。 Thank you.谢谢你。 Module1unit2 单词 boy男孩 a smart boy 聪明的男孩 girl女孩 a little girl 小女孩 big大的 a big house 大房子 small小的 a small ball 小球

短语 I’mMary. 我是玛丽。You’retall. 你个子高。Who am I ?我是谁？ I’m thin. 我很瘦。Isita cat ？它是一只猫吗 ? Yes, it’s a cat.是的，它是一只猫。 Module1 unit3 单词 seven七 sevenmonths 七个月eight八eight floors 八层楼 nine九 ninesongs九首歌 ten十 tenyears十年 短语 a new classmate 一个新学生ThisisPeter. 这是彼得。AreyouAlice？你是爱丽丝吗？ You are Kitty. 你是凯蒂。Areyou a boy ?你是个男孩吗？ I’mseven. 我七岁了。

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2）May I have a hot dog? 我可以要一个热狗吗？ May I have…？的句式是买东西时的用语之一。如你想买一个披萨时，就可以说：May I have a pizza? UNIT3 Things I like to do 学习目标： 1、Letters（字母） E e egg F f fish 2、Words and Expressions（单词与词组） play 玩run 跑步sleep 睡觉 swim 游泳 3、Sentence Patterns（句型） 1）I like to play. 我喜欢玩。 I like to…的句式可以用来表示你喜欢做的事情，如：你喜欢游泳，可以说：I like to swim. 2）Come and play with me. 过来和我玩。 当你想邀请别人和你一起做事时，可以用Come and …with me.的句式，如：你请人家和你一起唱歌时，你可以说：Come and sing with me. UNIT4 Going about 学习目标： 1、Letters（字母） G g girl H h hand 2、Words and Expressions（单词与词组） plane 飞机ferry 渡轮train 火车 taxi 出租车car 小轿车bus 公共汽车 van 货车 3、Sentence Patterns（句型） 1）Get in the car. 上车。

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M1U1： green 绿色, yellow 黄色, blue 蓝色， purple 紫色， white 白色, pink 粉红色, orange桔黄色， brown 棕色， black 黑色,red 红色, grey 灰色, what colour 什么颜色， see 看见, beautiful 美丽的,rainbow 彩虹, shine 阳光，照射,shining 闪闪发光的, shiny, 发光的,发亮的, over there 在那边， outside 在外面, inside 在 里面, window 窗, I 我, my 我的, you 你，你们， your 你的，你们的， he 他， his 他的， she 她, her 她的， it 它， its 它的, they 他们, their 他们的, colour 颜色， what colour 什么颜色， pear 梨, rabbit 兔子,butterfly 蝴蝶, butterflies 蝴蝶（复数)， bird 鸟, apple 苹果， bag 书包， dog 狗， elephant 大象, five 五， girl 女孩， hand 手, insect 昆虫, jar 罐子, kite 风筝, lion 狮子, mouse 老鼠， net 网, orange 桔子, pig 猪， queen 女皇， rabbit 兔子, soup 汤， table 桌子, umbrella 伞， van 货车， window 窗, box 盒子， yellow 黄色， zebra 斑马， What colour is it ? It's pink. 它是什么颜色？它是粉红色。What colour are they ? They are yellow。它们是什么颜色？它们是黄色。 What can you see ？ I can see a butterfly. 你看到了什么？我看到了一只蝴蝶。

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