【北师大版】2016届高三一轮英语大一轮复习(导学案)：名词和数词

名词和数词

一、名词

1．名词的数

(1)常用作复数的名词

①有些名词只用作复数或在一些固定用法中只用作复数，如：make preparations (＝prepare)。

②成双成对的东西一般只用作复数，如：scissors(剪刀)，glasses，trousers，shorts(短裤)，socks(短袜)。

(2)抽象名词、物质名词具体化

a beauty(一个美人或一件美物)

→a beauty(一个美人或一件美物)

a must(一件必要的事或物)

→a must(一件必要的事或物)

a tea(一杯茶)

→a tea(一杯茶)

2．名词作定语

(1)用名词作定语修饰另一个名词时，通常用单数形式，如：toothbrushes牙刷；bookmarks 书签。

(2)man和woman这两个词比较特殊，用单数还是复数取决于被修饰的名词，如：a man doctor 一名男大夫；two men doctors两名男大夫。

(3)还有少数名词用其复数形式作定语，如：a clothes shop一家服装店；a sports man一个运动员。

3．名词的所有格

(1)表示各自的所有关系时，各名词末尾均须加’s，如：Jane’s and Mary’s bikes。

(2)表示共有的所有关系时，在最后一词末加’s，如：Jane and Mary’s father。

(3)表示“某人家”“店铺”，所有格后名词常省略，如：the doctor’s；the barber’s。

二、数词

1．倍数的表达法：

(1)倍数＋比较级＋than

He has read three times more books than I have.

(2)倍数＋as＋adj./ad v.＋as

We have produced three times as many computers as we did last year.

(3)倍数＋the＋n.(size，length，width，height...)＋of

China is almost twice/double the size of Mexico in area.

(4)倍数＋what从句

The length of the road is twice/double what it was three years ago.

(5)比较级＋than...＋by＋倍数

The ruler is longer than that one by twice.

2．表示“每隔……”时，可以使用基数词或序数词，即“every＋基数词＋名词复数”或“every＋序数词＋名词单数”，如：表示“每隔两天”用every three days或every third day。

1．Those who suffer from headache will find they get ________ from this medicine.(2010·山东，33)

A．relief B．safety C．defense D．shelter

2.James took the magazines off the little table to make________ for the television.(2010·天

津，3)

A．room B．area

C．field D．position

3．The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients，so he has a very good________.(2010·江苏，22)

A．expectation B．reputation

C．contribution D．civilization

4．The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don’t give you any direct________.(2010·浙江，16)

A．solution B．target

C．measure D．function

5．—He says that my new car is a ________ of money.

—Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes？(2009·山东，29)

A．lack B．load

C．question D．waste

一、根据汉语提示完成句子

1．—Believe it or not，last month in America I came across the girl whose photo was in the drift bottle I got three years ago!

—Really？That’s____________________________________________(最出人意料的偶遇) I’ve ever heard of!

2．—What do you think of the project put forward by the Blacks?

—Considering its ________________(实际价值)，it will be well worth putting into

practice，I suppose.

3．We should look up to him as a shining example ________________________________(专注于工作的)．

4．John has got a fever these days，and he says he doesn’t want to see a doctor，but I’m afraid he ____________________(别无选择)．

5．It’s a ________________(普通的惯例) for young people to pay a New Year’s visit to their elders.

6．Before the Hope Project was carried out in this poor area，children here ____________________(不能获得) to education.

7．What he told us about the situation simply doesn’t ________________________(有意义)．8．There is ________________(没意义) in trying to talk George into joining us.He enjoys being alone.

二、单项填空

1．She has a ________ of playing with her hair when she’s nervous.

A．sense B．practice

C．custom D．habit

2．She is the only one among the ________ writers who ________ short stories for children. A．woman；writes B．woman；write

C．women；write D．women；writes

3．A report by the Chinese Academy of Social Science said ________ among new graduates grew to over 12 percent last year at 1.5 million because of the global economic crisis. A．disagreement B．enlargement

C．unemployment D．encouragement

4．This research has attracted wide ________ coverage and has featured on BBC television’s Tomorrow’s World.

A．message B．information

C．media D．data

5．—I heard that another brand of milk powder had been banned.

—It’s a shame that some companies lack the sense of social responsibility and ________. A．consequence B．construction

C．consideration D．conscience

6．He was a much older player but he had the great ________ of experience.

A．interest B．success

C．advantage D．honor

7．The increase in home computers means that families now have much easier ________ to

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现在分词与动名词

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