英语跨文化交际论文
The Brief Analysis of The Differences of Family Education between China and
Western countries
课程：跨文化交际
姓名：刘娇
学号：
班级：Wednesday 1-2
授课教师：李玲
完成日期：2016.6.22
CONTECT
Introduction. 0
1.Chinese familys’ ways of educating . .............................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
1.1 On studying (1)
1.2 On life (1)
1.3 On the relationship between children and parents (2)
2.Western families ways of educating. (2)
2.1 On studying (2)
2.2 On life (2)
2.3 On relationship between parents and children (3)
3.Chinese families’ values of educating (3)
4.Western families’ values of educating . (3)
5.The cause of forming the difference . (4)
5.1 The different background of economics. (4)
5.2 The different background of history culture. (4)
5.3 The different social system (4)
6.Recommendations on family education (5)
Conclusion (5)
References (5)
The Brief Analysis of The Differences of
Family Education between China and
Western countries
Abstract.In recent years , with quality education attached great importance to ,family education has become a hot topic of social concern . There are obvious differences in family education between China and Western countries . For China and the United States , different concepts of education and the ways of educating , resulted in the obvious difference when their children has grown up . The article attempts to analyze the differences in Chinese and Western family education , and the causes of forming the differences . Besides , it provides a conducive family educational recommendations.
Key words Family education Ways of educating Values Differences Introduction.
Family education indicates the influence to the development of children in the process of communicating between parents and a child . It is also the most important one among all the ways of education . In view of many differences in culture , economy , family background , educated ways , hence it results in the obvious difference in family education between China and Western countries . To recognize the fact correctly will promote the development of family education in our country . For Chinese families , what they focus on is “ order ” and “ obedience ” , while they pay attention to “ fairness ” and “ freedom ” in West .Chinese parents are dominators who control their children , thus what the children only do is to accept all the arranged things submissively . Parents always decide their children’s natural development . Consequently , they have deprived of free agency of children . However , in Western countries , parents often focus on children’s decision-making power .Under the permitted circumstances by society , children is allowed the problem they have met .
1.Chinese familys’ ways of educating .
1.1 On studying
Chinese parents pay a special attention to their children ‘s achievement in learning . No matter what their children want , they will satisfy children’s all the needs only is children can get a perfect performance in examination . Therefore , in daily life ,children are demanded to reading , practice and learning . As a result , their genius are ignored . Parents limit children’s creativity .Consequently , in order to cultivate the so-called genius but snuff out a real genius . Besides ,Chinese family education , the inculcated education which asks children to recite some experienced knowledge without any comprehension . Thus it leads to kill the children’s imagination and creativity .At the same time ,Chinese children is lacking of operating by hand .
1.2 On life
At first , what most of Chinese parents is always thinking is how to protect their own child , when his child quarrels even fights with others .Even if they know their children have made a mistake , they still try to have their children got rid of the responsibility . Under this condition ,the conflicts is often raised between the two sides of parents . Besides , in China , it is the common fact that parents help their children wash clothes , make a bed ,etc . They even want to help their children resolve any problems that their children have faced . They dote their children and afraid them being suffered and tired . Finally , many parents will satisfy their children any economic needs , without hesitation and limits , even if the family is poor , let alone what the rich do . As a result , children have no awareness of saving money in life , because they think it can be acquired easily . Day by day , children take it for granted that their parents give them money forever and without any requirements . I had ever seen a news “ It is said that a son killed his mother , only because the mother didn’t give him enough money to play net games .” What a astonished news ! We can see some educational problems from it that spoil will eventuall lead to bitter fruit .
1.3 On the relationship between children and parents
In china , parents always say something like these , “ You must … , You have to … , You should …” . In their views , children is their private property . They can treat their children in any way what they want to take . Besides , children have few access to communicate with their parents . At the same time , as children afraid their parents , little by little , reverse psychology appeared . Thus may make children develop themselves under the condition of departing the normal orbit . Based on the two points I have mentioned , a gap have emerged between parents and children . Children aren’t willing to tell their true thought to their parents . Actually speaking , it is bad for children’s development .
2.Western families ways of educating.
2.1 On studying
In Western countries , parents focus on that children can “ realize ” knowledge by thinking . So they encourage their children to find something new , to operate , to dare to bring forward questions . When foreign teachers have classes , they often say “ Questions ? Any questions ? I like questions ” In fact ,parents is also like teachers . They rouse children’s imagination and creativities . They allow their children query and challenge the knowledge in the book . So most of western children think actively , operate masterly.
2.2 On life
Western countries advocate a independent life , parents think it is the most important for children to cultivate the ability of independent , and children are asked to make a decision by themselves without parent involving . Besides , parents give their children money regularly . In addition , they encourage their children to do some part-time jobs . In order to cultivate strong quality of hard-working , children would rather be suffered rather than be coddled . Moreover , parents educate their children to donate and save money .
2.3 On relationship between parents and children
In western families , children often call their parents’name directly . They wouldn’t be blamed because there is a democratic equal relationship between parents and children . Few parents compel their children to obey their thoughts . They won’t ask their children to lead a life according to their way of life . What I have just mentioned is good for children to communicate with their parents . Children and parents , think each other as friends .
3.Chinese families’ values of educating
In China , parents ask their children to go to school in order that their children can make a living . In parents’ opinion , degree is the most important . Children must be educated in a serious way and get a good performance . Only in this way can they get the degree , thereby obtaining a decent job . If their children do good in studying , parents will hold their head high and lift up their horn . Parents tell their children to combine their own interest with their family’s interest . Therefore , for a child ,to go to school is not only for the sake of themselves , but also the whole family’s . Children should assume the responsibility to get a decent job for family’s face . What’s more ,in China , parents from different families always like comparing their children . Parents often take their own children’s advantages to compare other children’s disadvantages , thereby achieving to comfort themselves . Parents also chat about children’s grade . “whose child is the first ? whose child is admitted to a famous university ? ” Parents will feel lose face if their children have poor learning performance.
4.Western families’ values of educating .
In Western countries , parents teach their children how to survive in the competitive society . Children learn knowledge ,without utilitarianism , and they just learn something that they are interested . In western parents’views ,one person’s ability is the most important in all learning . They focus on that children’s comprehensive quality should be cultivated .Therefore , for a child , to occupy enough abilities is much more important than to learn knowledge . What’s more , in western
families ,individual interest is separated with the whole family’s . They attach importance to individual freedom and power .
5.The cause of forming the difference .
5.1 The different background of economics.
For China ,on one hand, backward economics , pressured survival , a “ Degree of social ” whose the mobility of industry is not very good . As a result , Chinese often want to devote their whole life to the one job . On the other hand , social pension insurance in China is not perfect . Parents consider their children’ education from the perspective of personal pension . However , in western countries , especially the United States , the advanced productive forces , developed economic , small pressure on the survival . What’s more , America is a “Ability of social ” . It has sound employment mechanism , and the mobility of industry is good .Economic conditions are good ,sound endowment insurance ,parents do not think raising children is to support them . They have no worries , as long as the child is 18 years old , and became an person who has responsibility and compassion , the parents have fulfilled their obligations .
5.2 The different background of history culture.
China has a long history which influence Chinese generations , especially the feudal consciousness in the feudal society . People is often conservative and they afraid of adventure . “deference ”and “obedience ”are the symbol of “good child ” .It leads part of children to have contorted their thought . By contrast , western countries , like America , has a short history . Few old thought is kept , under the influence of the multi-cultural , and ideological values , they can accept the new things quickly . In addition , they have the spirit of adventure and innovation .
5.3 The different social system
China is a socialistic country which appeals to collectivism that should give up the individual interest and protect the collectivity’s when the two sides raise a conflict .
If someone pay more attention himself and ignore the others , collectivity , he will be blamed for his selfishness . However , western countries belong to capitalistic society , which advocate individualism . Pursuing private interest and power is attached importance to . Western culture is based on an individual , emphasis on personal freedom and power , so parents emphasis on the cultivation of personality .
6.Recommendations on family education
At first , we should modernize the value of family education . Modern system of family education should be established as soon as possible . We also need to set up a system which can help family education . Secondly , parents should strength the awareness of democracy . It is necessary for parents to communicate with their own children as much as possible . And parents have the responsibility to respect the decisions of children . Thirdly , parents are also “teachers ”who should often encourage their own “ students ” rather than scold them . Parents should try to lead their children in a positive way . Finally, parents should widen their thoughts on educating children and amplify the open awareness.
Conclusion
Family education in China is very different from western’s . We should remove the dross and seize the essence , catch the opportunity to promote the modernization of family education .Education world ,each complementary and common development .
References
[1] Doing Culture: Cross-Cultural Communication in Action , 2001(9)
[3] Davis.《中西文化之鉴》.上海.外语教学与研究出版社.2001
[4] William?J.?Starosta.《跨文化交际学基础》.上海：上海外语教育出版社.2007
跨文化交际(英文版)
Cross –cultural communication Thesis statement: This paper is mainly talking about the culture differences between several countries. Outline: Chapter 1: Language and culture in communication Chapter2: Culture shock Chapter3: What’s in a name? Chapter4: Social interaction Chapter 5: Roles and relations Chapter6: Non-verbal communication Chapter 7: In other words. Chapter 8: From a primitive Tribe to a Global Village Conclusion Chapter 1: Language and culture in communication There is no denying the fact that out daily lives depend largely on communication, without it we can’t know each other. So, we should come to realize that communication is of great importance. What is communication? In total, communication can be divided into two parts; they are verbal communication and non-verbal communication. However, different people hold different opinions about communication. In general, if there is communication, there must have 4 cases: there are at least two or more people, some contact between communicators, a language shared by communicators, an exchange of information has taken place. I just take the fist one for example. Suppose there is one person, there can’t be communication. Otherwise, he may talk to himself. Communication not just exist in human-beings There are five kinds of communications they are human communication, animal communication, human-animal communication, human machine communication, machine communication. So, Animals and machines can also communicate with each other. For human beings, how can we communicate with each other? Experts say that there are various kinds of communication. Nowadays, there are different kinds of tools for us to communicate .For people we can use telephone and computer to communicate with each other. By them, finally we can receive message. What is social situation? When there are two or more people gather to do a job or an activity, then it creates a social situation. That is to say, an individual working alone can not constitute a social s A social situation may have two definitions. One is given by the community, and the other by the participants. Finally, we should notice that being polite plays a crucial role in
跨文化交际论文中文
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询问对方的年龄，婚姻状况，儿女，职业，甚至收入，在中国人的眼里这是一种礼貌，但在西方人眼里则认为这些问题侵犯了他们的隐私。 2.时间观方面的冲突 西方人的时间观和金钱观是联系在一起的，时间就是金钱的观念根深蒂固，所以它们非常珍惜时间，在生活中往往对时间都做了精心的安排和计划，并养成了按时赴约的好习惯。在西方，要拜访某人，必须事先通知或约定，并说明拜访的目的、时间和地点，经商定后方可进行。而中国人则属于多向时间习惯的国家，在时间的使用上具有很大的随意性，一般不会像西方人那样严格的按照计划进行，西方人对此往往感到不适应。 3.客套语方面的冲突 中国人注重谦虚，在与人交际时，讲求“卑己尊人”，把这看作一种美德，这是一种富有中国文化特色的礼貌现象。在别人赞扬我们时，我们往往会自贬一番，以表谦虚有礼。西方国家却没有这样的文化习惯，当他们受到赞扬时，总会很高兴地说一声“Thank you”表示接受。由于中西文化差异，我们认为西方人过于自信，毫不谦虚；而当西方人听到中国人这样否定别人对自己的赞扬或者听到他们自己否定自己的成就，甚至把自己贬得一文不值时，会感到非常惊讶，认为中国人不诚实。 4.餐饮习俗方面的冲突 中华民族素有热情好客的优良传统。在交际场合和酒席上，热情的
大学英语跨文化交际教程课后答案完整版
期末考试范围 ? 1. 阅读理解2篇（20%） ? 2. 选词填空：15个句子（15个备选项，课后的key concepts,概念的词为主。（15%） ?eg: ———the belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve wealth and fame through diligence and virtue. ? 3. 简答题：课后comprehension questions和case study( 课内或者稍微改动的）。（25%） 4. 实用写作：一封信什么的（格式）（10%） 5. 写作：给出某个文化现象观点，运用所学文化差异进行评论 （comment)。（30%） 如: 说给一个关于教育的话题（文化现象），我们要用所学的中 美教育差异进行评论，议论文形式。 价值观，家庭观，社会关系朋友观，饮食观，教育观，时间观等 篇目：Unit1: A B C Unit2 A Unit3 A B Unit5A Unit6A Unit7 A Unit10 B Unit1 A Key concepts reservation: 谦逊的coldness: 冷静的 modesty：谦虚的 humor：幽默的 sportsmanship：运动员精神 Q1、what is a reserved person like? Answer: A reserved person is one who does not talk very much to strangers, does not show much emotion, and seldom gets excited. Q2、what is the character of the Englishmen? Answer: reserved 、humor、modesty、cold、sportsmanship. Q3、what is sportsmanship? Answer: sportsmanship is the ability to practice a sport according to its rules, while al so showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat. Case study Q、What made the British feel quite unhappy in this situation?
跨文化交际英语作文
The differences in gifts culture between Chinese and the western Chinese and western have the custom of gifts, gift of east and west have paid great attention, and that it should be reciprocity, back and forth. However, the western culture and eastern culture gifts behavior or have very big difference. If we do not pay attention to these gifts cultural differences, and maybe one day when we and the western friends, we would be in trouble. Living in California town of Chinese children's king Michael reading grade five, he particularly clever, study is also very hard, because this result also is very good. In the school year ended and the result was not announced before, mike parents will give teachers a small gift certificates and a thank you card thanks teacher in a year to mike's help. After a few days, year-end results announced, mike without a surprisingly high class, the result is far far higher than other students. A few of the students with lower scores of parents in heard that mike parents have to the teacher very angry after gifts, they think mike's result was the parents to the teacher bribes paid it. Because China's gift in it is quite common, in order to pay homage to express gratitude, for friendship, want to people, and so on, can choose to give gifts, even civilians and officials, junior and superior, parents and teachers gifts between is normal things. But in the United States to have the public interest relationship between each other between the imagination of gifts to each other is more sensitive. Although mike parents just out of gratitude teacher kindness and give gifts, but the teacher and mike announced results directly related, this time can't really give gifts is the American potential consciousness, if choose announced results in gifts before, then, yeah, it would involve the suspicion of bribery. So, some parents misunderstanding to doubt the result of the hard to avoid is mike. Another example:An American woman living in Wisconsin volunteered to tutor English to a Chinese woman who had moved into the same community. “Before each lesson, and on each and every visit,” the American reported, “the Chinese lady brought me a gift — a book, some paper sculpture, flowers, or candy. It was embarrassing。” Unknowingly, this American was experiencing a vestige of protocol rooted centuries deep in the Chinese culture。 In America, lavish, extravagant gifts are definitely out. An appropriate alternate to a gift is to take the deserving person to dinner, or to an entertainment or sporting event. On the contrary, gift giving is an institution and a revered custom in China. “gift giving is a necessity, not merely a nicety as in the West。” In China the proper gift is thought to express the giver's true friendship, gratitude, and respect far better than words can. Of course, the western culture and eastern culture gifts or have many other behavior very big difference. First is gift ideas for the difference. The Chinese tend to pay attention to the present the essential meaning, namely its practical value, but don't like useless things. For new couples give gifts, the past is often feel, bed sheet, antependium, ZhuSheng for newborns, often sent packing elegant small clothes, are very inexpensive. Chinese New Year holiday even directly red
跨文化交际论文
跨文化交际论文 学院：水产与生命学院专业：水产养殖专业10-4 姓名：黄运佳 学号：1001110411
浅谈中西方语言文化和饮食的差异 1.语言文化差异 语文是社会的产物，是人类历史和文化的结晶。它凝聚着一个民族世代相传的社会意识，历史文化，风俗习惯等各方面人类社会所有的特征。不同的文化背影和文化传统，使中西方在思维方式，价值观念，行为准则和生活方式等方面也存在有相当的文化差异。语文是文化的载体，词汇是文化信息的浓缩，是语言的重要组成部分，它反映着文化的发展和变化，同时也直接反映着文化的差异。 在中国两千多年的封建社会历史的过程中，儒家思想一直占据着根深蒂固的弦统治地位，对中国社会产生了极其深刻而久远的影响。中国人向来以自我贬仰的思想作为处世经典，这便是以儒家的“中庸之道”作为行为的基本准则。“中”是儒家追求的理想境界，人生处世要以儒家仁、义、礼、智、信的思想道德观念作为每个人的行为指南，接人待物，举止言谈要考虑温、良、恭、俭、让，以谦虚为荣，以虚心为本，反对过分地显露自己表现自我。因此，中国文化体现出群体性的文化特征，这种群体性的文化特征是不允许把个人价值凌驾于群体利益之上的。 西方国家价值观的形成至少可追溯到文艺复兴运动。文艺复兴的指导思想是人文主义，即以崇尚个人为中心，宣扬个人主义至上，竭力发展自己表现自我。“谦虚”这一概念在西方文化中的价值是忽略不计的。生活中人们崇拜的是“强者”“英雄”。有本事，有才能的强者得到重用，缺乏自信的弱者只能落伍或被无情地淘汰。因此，西方文化体现出个体文化特征，这种个体性文化特征崇尚个人价值凌驾于群体利益之上。 正因为如此，中西两种文化在对某些单词所带有褒贬色彩上有差异。如：ambition一词，本身具有褒贬两种含义。中国人用其贬义，表示“野心勃勃”，而英美人则取其褒义，表示“雄心壮志”。Aggressive一词，中国人常用来形容某人“挑衅”“好斗”，而美国人则用来形容某人“进取上进，有开拓精神”。 我国的群体性文化，非常重视家庭亲友关系，把它视为组成社会的细胞；而在西方国家，崇尚独立自主自强自立。中国人重视传统的君臣，父子，论资排辈，等级森严，而在英美国家，长辈与晚辈间地位平等，不计较老少界限，多以朋友相处。中国人的传统观念历来崇尚“四世同堂”“合家团圆”，自古就有“父母在，不远游”的良言古训；而在英美国家，18岁的子女仍住在家里依靠父母生活是不可思议的事情，他们必须依靠自己的双手去独立生活。同样，年龄大的父母即使失去了生活自理能力，一般也不会拖累子女，他们往往要住进老人院，由社会关照。 文化的不同带来价值观念的在不相同。如lod一词，中国人历来就有“尊老敬老”的传统。“老”在中文里表达尊敬的概念，如老祖宗，老爷爷，老先生等。“老张”，“老王”，透着尊敬和亲热，“张老”“王老”更是尊崇有加。中国人往往以年龄大为荣。和别人谈话时，年龄越大，资格越老，也就越会得到别人的尊敬。“姜还是老的辣”。在我们看来，长者不仅是智慧的化身，也是威望的象征。然而，西方国家极少有人愿意倚老卖老而自称”old”。在他们看来，“old”是“不中用”的代名词，是和“不合潮流”“老而无用”的含义连在一起的。英美人不喜欢别人说自己老，更不会倚老卖老。在西方文化中，他们把年龄作为个人极为重要的隐私看待。尤其是女士，更忌讳别人问自己的年龄。即使愿意谈论自己的年龄，也要别人猜测其年龄，而此时，他们的真正目的的期望别人恭维他们看上去比实际年龄小，是多么年轻。又如，英美人忌讳莫深的fat一词，见人说fat会令人沮丧不快而且反感。说到fatmeat （肥肉）多半会被认为是毫无价值的该扔掉的废物。而中国人见了小孩子说“胖嘟嘟”“胖乎乎”，表示对孩子的喜爱，对成年男子说fat有“发福”之义，对成年女子讲fat有“丰满”
跨文化交际论文
中西文化与广告语言 广告语言是广告的核心内容。社会文化影响并制约广告语言及其表达，广告语言则蕴含或反映社会文化。语言是民族的语言，广告存在于一定的社会之中。一个民族的哲学观念、思维模式、文化心理、道德观念、生活方式、风俗习惯、社会制度、宗教信仰等等都必然会对广告语言产生作用。所以，任何一个社会的广告语言不可避免地反映社会文化的各个方面。事实上，反映社会文化的广告语言易为人们所理解和接受，可大大促进广告的功能。认识到这一点，并努力探讨出社会文化与广告语言之间的内在关系，对于理解和赏析广告语言，对于指导创作、设计既符合广告表达基本原则，又适合特定民族文化特征的广告语言具有十分重要的作用。据笔者所知，我国学者对中西文化与广告语言的研究甚少，尤其缺乏比较研究。本文是这方面研究的一个尝试。 一、哲学观念与广告语言 曹志耘(1992：130)认为，各个民族都有其独
特的对世界的认识和表达，有自己的哲学观念。哲学观念深刻地影响着有关语言的结构和运用，当然也影响着广告语言的应用。例如，天人合一是我国传统文化中一个最基本的哲学观念。在我国的一些广告中，天人合一观念对语言表达和接受的影响显而易见。如长虹牌电视机广告词“天上彩虹，人间长虹”，通过天上彩虹对人间“长虹”的映衬、比喻，给人一种天上人间一体，彩虹“长虹”一物的感受。通过这样的广告宣传，“长虹”彩电的美好形象栩栩如生地长驻于人们的脑际。“长虹”彩电驰名全国，颇受青睐，销售量跃居国产彩电之首，这固然与其质量息息相关，但无疑也与其广告词所创造的美好形象不无联系。 扬子电气的电视广告则由人群在大地上组合成多姿多彩的扬子电气商标图案和“扬子电气”四个大字，在此场景里，人和文字融为一体。同时，该广告仅有的两句话“扬子天地，扬子电气”将商品与天地相提并论。这样，整个广告形成了一种十分强烈的天人合一的和谐气氛，非常引人入胜。再举数例： ①与书为友，天地长久。(某丛书广告)
如何培养英语跨文化交际能力
如何培养英语跨文化交际能力 中宁五中张永宏 摘要：本文通过分析我国英语教学现状，探索英语教学中培养跨文化交际能力的必要性，具体分析“跨文化交际能力”的三大组成，思考培养英语跨文化交际能力的具体方法。 关键词：跨文化交际语义文化语用文化 多年来，我国的英语教学主要采用传统的教学方法，即传统的听说法“with its end less and mind-numbing repetitive drills”和古老的以教师为中心的语法—翻译法。教师往往只注重学生语言形式的正确与否或使用是否流畅，而较少注重结合语言使用的场合来培养学生综合运用的能力。学生在这种教学模式下，经过十几年的英语学习，即使是有些成绩很好的学生也不能用所学的英语同外国人进行有效地交流。为了改变这种现状，人们必然对英语教学提出新的要求。而跨文化交际能力的培养却能在一定程度上弥补传统教学的这种缺陷。 首先，何为跨文化交际呢？“跨文化交际”的英语名称是“intercultural communication”或“cross-cultural communication”，它既指本族语者与非本族语者之间的交际，也指任何在语言和社会文化背景方面有差异的人们之间的交际。由于不同的民族所处的生态、物质社会及宗教等环境的不同，因而各自的语言环境产生了不同的社会文化、风土人情和语言习惯等诸语境因素，造成人们不同的说话方式或习惯话语。这就可能使交际双方对对方的话语做出不准确地推论，从而产生冲突、误会或交际的故障。 跨文化交际能力就是针对文化冲突提出来的，它是一种在理解、掌握外国文化知识与交际技能的基础上，灵活处理跨文化交际中出现的实际问题的能力。 一、英语教学中培养跨文化交际能力的必要性。 1、近年来, 随着改革开放步伐的加快, 对外交往日益频繁, 国与国之间的交流也越来越 广泛, 特别是社会信息化提高, 国际互联网的开通使更多的人足不出户便涉及到跨 文化交际。中国成功地加入WTO后，国际市场对能用英语熟练有效地交际的复合型人才的大量需求给外语教学提出了新的挑战，所以培养跨文化交际能力有其现实意义。 2、培养跨文化交际能力有助于我们要打破以往“就语言教语言”的模式，把交际因素引 进到英语教学中来，在英语教学过程中揭示那些隐伏在语言背后的，易引起误会和冲突的文化因素。掌握语言不只是掌握语法、音位和语义规则，还必须考虑到外国社会文化背景造成的语言之外的规则。 3、培养跨文化交际能力有利于处理好语言和文化的关系。语言和文化是不可分割的，二 者相互依存、相互影响。语言是文化的载体，又是文化的重要组成部分，也是文化的
跨文化交际论文参考问题
中西方文化差异的论文题目： 中西方时间观念的比较 中西方饮食文化的比较 中西方教育的比较 中西方问候语的比较 中西方餐桌礼仪的差异 中西方宗教文化对比 中西方儿童文学的差异 从文字比较看中西方文化差异 礼貌中的中西方“面子文化”差异 论中西方激励机制的差异比较和在医疗管 理中的应用 英语教学中的文化教学——中西方文化差 异对比分析 中西方价值观差异对交际模式的影响 从历史中透视中西方经济差异形成的原因 浅谈跨越中西方文化障碍 日常生活中的中西方文化差异 浅析中西方隐私观的差异 中西方古代体育和谐思想比较研究 中西方传统犯罪控制思想之比较 土地与海洋的对话——中西方文化与人格 差异之浅见 汉英商标翻译与中西方文化差异 中西方孝文化探析 从文化视角看中西方教育思想的差异 中西方语言与文化的差异 中西方哲学语言观的差异 浅析中西方文化差异对翻译的影响 从素质教育看中西方教育的差异及思考 中西方立宪文化差异比较——以价值观为 视角 影响跨文化交际的主要因素——中西方价值观念差异 中西方股票期权制度实际操作的差异性分 析 英美社会与文化论文 1. The Contrast and Analyses of Customs
in Britain and China 英国和中国习俗之研究 2. Cultural Connotation of English Names 英语姓名的文化内涵 3. Black Culture and American English 黑人文化与美国英语 4. The Phenomenon of “Political Correctness” in American English 论美国英语中的政治正确现象 5. English Euphemism and Culture 文化因素与委婉语 6. Cultural Differences in Address Terms: English and Chinese 英汉称呼语中的文化差异 7．Influence of Greek Myths to British and American Culture 希腊神话与英美文化 8. An Investigation on Intercultural Communication Competence and Intercultural Sensitivity Among Chinese College Students 关于中国大学生跨文化交际能力和跨文化 敏感度的调查 9. Cross-Cultural Awareness in Translating Tourist Materials 中国旅游资料翻译中的跨文化意识 10. Cross-Cultural Training in Chinese Universities 中国大学中的跨文化培训 11. Acculturation Strategies among Chinese Overseas Students 中国海外留学生的文化适应策略 12. On Tour Commentary Translation---An Intercultural Communication Perspective 从跨文化角度看导游词翻译 13. Intercultural Communication on the Internet 互联网上的跨文化交际 14. On the Application of Theatrical Tricks to
跨文化交际论文
跨文化交际之中西文化冲突 “跨文化交际”的英语名称是"intercultural communication"或 “cross-cultural communication”。它指本族语者与非本族语者之间的交际, 也指任何在语言和文化背景方面有差异的人们之间的交际。 一、造成文化冲突现象的原因探究 由于不同的民族所处的生态、物质、社会及宗教等环境不同, 因而各自的语言环境产生了不同的语言习惯、社会文化、风土人情等等诸语境因素。 不同文化背景造成人们说话方式或习惯不尽相同。因此, 在交流中, 人们总喜欢用自己的说话方式来解释对方的话语,这就可能对对方的话语做出不准确的推论, 从而产生冲突和故障。在跨文化交际中,交际的双方若不能进入同一文化背景之中, 就容易产生不解或误解,从而使交际失败。 二、中西文化的产生背景差异 中国文化是在黄土高原上孕育和发展起来的，然后在华北平原，再后是往长江以南发展，保持着长期的连续性和稳定性。中国的思想文化是儒学定于一尊而又兼容释道的文化。它以其特有的悠久、单纯的传统，以其特有的凝聚力和消化力，进入了近代世界一体化和文化大交流的时期。拥有上下五千年渊源历史宝贵遗产的炎黄子孙，在当今的21世纪现代社会，仍然遗传了祖先们的优良传统。 西方近现代文化主要是从古希腊罗马的异教文化发展过来的。古希腊伦理学和价值观的基本特征则表现为尚知和崇理，至善在于"作为一个自然存在的人的完善"，尤其是理智、哲学的沉思被强调为最高的德性。古希腊人是乐生的，立足此世的，他们是多神论的，他们的人生观是自然主义的。孕育和起源于海边的文化注定了他们性格上的开放。这是与中国文化的大不同！ 三、中西跨文化交际中经常出现的文化冲突 在中西跨文化交际中会出现的文化冲突有很多种，在这里我们列出几种比较常见的文化冲突。 1、私方面的冲突
大学英语跨文化交际教程课后答案(全)
Unit1 Sportsmanship: It is the ability to practise a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat. 2. Traditionally, an Englishman is thought to be reserved, unemotional, courteous, shy of strangers, suspicious of change, and slow to accept new ideas. 3.It is the ability to practise a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s oppo nent and good temper in defeat. Moreover, sportsmanship as an idea is applied to life in general. The pioneering spirit: Except for the brought from Africa, immigrants came to America voluntarily, early in search of greater prosperity and freedom. Rags-to-riches: It is story about a poor boy who, because he was hardworking, honest, and lucky, grew up to become rich and respected. American dream: The belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve weather and fame through diligence and virtue.
跨文化交际英文
C r o s s–c u l t u r a l c o m m u n i c a t i o n Thesis statement: This paper is mainly talking about the culture differences between several countries. Outline: Chapter 1: Language and culture in communication Chapter2: Culture shock Chapter3: What’s in a name? Chapter4: Social interaction Chapter 5: Roles and relations Chapter6: Non-verbal communication Chapter 7: In other words. Chapter 8: From a primitive Tribe to a Global Village Conclusion Chapter 1: Language and culture in communication There is no denying the fact that out daily lives depend largely on communication, without it we can’t know each other. So, we should come to realize that communication is of great importance. What is communication? In total, communication can be divided into two parts; they are verbal communication and non-verbal communication. However, different people hold different opinions about communication. In general, if there is communication, there must have 4 cases: there are at least two or more people, some contact between communicators, a language shared by communicators, an exchange of information has taken place. I just take the fist one for example. Suppose there is one person, there can’t be communication. Otherwise, he may talk to himself. Communication not just exist in human-beings There are five kinds of communications they are human communication, animal communication, human-animal communication, human machine communication, machine communication. So, Animals and machines can also communicate with each other. For human beings, how can we communicate with each other? Experts say that there are various kinds of communication. Nowadays, there are different kinds of tools for us to communicate .For people we can use telephone and computer to communicate with each other. By them, finally we can receive message. What is social situation? When there are two or more people gather to do a job or an activity, then
跨文化交际英语
旅游英语内容丰富，建议根据旅游管理专业的不同方向划分不同的专题内容模块，如下图1所示高尔夫英语模块，邮轮英语模块，酒店英语模块，即根据学生（不同专业方向）所需，细化旅游英语课程的内容，同时将跨文化交际知识和技能融入模块化教学中，提升旅游专业学生的跨文化交际意识和能力。 课程设置方面，旅游英语应承接大学英语教学，其最佳开课时间为大二下学期或大三上学期，开课时间以连开两个学期最优，可适当增加每周课时量为2-4.另外，与旅游英语课程为中心，其相关辅助的旅游文化课程（如介绍中西文化和海南本土文化）的开设则有助于学生全面有效地提高跨文化理解力和跨文化能力的提升，这才是旅游英语课程跨文化教学的目的。 目前海南高校采用的旅游英语教材种类繁多，且多偏重词汇与句型，而真正交际中的文化障碍无法解决，常出现语法正确却“文化错误”的现象，再者针对海南本地旅游发展所需的教材却几乎没有。因此根据旅游管理专业不同方向的专题模块，开发出本土化系列教材乃当前海南旅游业发展所需，学生实习就业所需。 涉外旅游活动本身就是跨文化交际的过程，因此与该教材配套的相关文化知识介绍﹑情景语境练习设计﹑project-based task﹑survey﹑相应的音视频等都可上传至我省教育部门官网，向全省乃至全国免费开放。此外，将旅游英语系列教材内容及网上资源做成APP软件，对教材使用者免费下载，如此，旅游英语课程的纸质版﹑网络版﹑手机版相辅相成，构成立体化的系列本土教材。当然，这一任务需要海南省各大高校合作完成，发挥各自有的专业和资源优势，由教育部门统一管理，建立海南省旅游英语课程网络教学资源的共享机制，还可拓展至其他专业课程。 旅游英语的跨文化教学又对教师有更高的要求（知识面广﹑熟悉相关旅游活动﹑掌握英语语言技能﹑具有跨文化敏感性及体验），笔者建议:1)充分利用社会资源。聘请兼职教师，包括长期从事旅游业，具有跨文化旅游服务经历的外语人才参与课堂教学互动与分享；2）培养现有的师资队伍。根据教师的专业背景和课程安排情况，安排教师到相关旅游单位或酒店进行“挂职锻炼”，切身进行旅游活动实践，增强教师的跨文化交际体验，打造“双师型”教学队伍；3）强化校本培训。开展学校内部专题文化讲座﹑旅游英语跨文化教研活动﹑教师跨文化体验分享活动﹑学校与合作旅游企业双向交流活动等以扩大任课教师对旅游活动和跨文化感受的理解和掌握，最终提升跨文化旅游英语教学效果。 具有实践性和应用型特点的旅游英语跨文化教学仅依赖传统课堂教学很难使学生达到自觉﹑有效﹑灵活的跨文化交际行为这一层次的。因此建议：1）授课过程中，添加微课教学和案例教学方式，让学生体验旅游英语的跨文化交际情境，换位思考，并进行跨文化案例分析讨论，使学生由知识学习﹑技能掌握，逐步向行为实践过渡，真正体现旅游英语跨文化教学的实践性和应用性；2）建立旅游实习实训中心（含旅游英语3D模拟实训室），理论课堂和实践课堂相结合。鼓励学生在理论知识的基础上，自主创设真实跨文化旅游情境（如酒店服务﹑导游服务），实际操练旅游英语知识﹑技能和文化教学的重难点；3）充分利用学校的留学生资源﹑外教资源﹑涉外企业管理人员，以项目任务形式指导学生做相关的交际活动﹑调研活动，在实践中体验旅游跨文化交际，且与专业课教学相结合，将相应的专业课理论和研究方法应用于调研报告的撰写和分析中；4）根据系列本土化立体教材内容，同时将相应配套资源（练习﹑音视频﹑文化信息等）做成APP软件，与课堂授课相呼应，增加学生课后实践练习的机会。同时依托网络平台，建立旅游英语文化交流吧，鼓励同学们上传自己的作品（文章﹑交际音视频），以供相互学习讨论，增强其旅游英语的实践能力。
大学跨文化交际期末总结word打印版
Chapter 1 Culture Definitions: 1 Culture is the deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, actions, attitudes, hierarchies, religions, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and artifacts acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving. 文化是个人和群体在种族发展过程中所获得的知识、经验、信仰、价值观、行为、态度、阶级、宗教、时间观、角色、空间观、宇宙观和艺术品的集合。(P12/P29) 2 Cultural Identity refers to one’s sense of belonging to a particular culture or ethnic group. 文化身份：认为自己归属于某一文化或民族群体的感觉。(P19/29) 3 Subculture exist within dominant cultures and are often based on economic or social class, ethnicity, race, or geographic region.指存在于主流文化中的文化，其划分通常基于经济地位、社会阶层、民族、种族或地理区域.(P23/29) 4 Subgroups usually do not involve the same large number of people and are not necessarily thought of as accumulating values and patterns of behavior over generations in the same way as culture do.相对于亚文化和共文化群体，亚群体通常规模不大，也不一定有文化群体世代相传积累的价值观念和行为模式。(P25/30) ?Case 2 (P8) The case reflects the similes and metaphors in the text. Culture is like an iceberg: we can identify the color of the dress worn by women in different cultures, but we do not know the values underneath. Culture is like the water a fish swims in: people wear dress of different colors for different context but they usually take it for granted and never ask why. Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication Definitions: ?Sender/Source: A sender/source is the person who transmits a message.（信息发出者/信息源：信息发出者/信息源指传递信息的人。）(P37/P60) ?Message: A message is any signal that triggers the response of a receiver.（信息：信息指引起信息接受者反应的任何信号。） ?Encoding: It refers to the activity during which the sender must choose certain words or nonverbal methods to send an intentional message. （编码：编码指信息发出者选择言语或用非言语的方式发出有目的的信息的行为。） ?Channel/Medium：It is the method used to deliver a message. （渠道/媒介：渠道/媒介指发送信息的方法。） ?Receiver: A receiver is any person who notices and gives some meaning to a message. 信息接受者：信息接受者指信息接收者是指注意到信息并且赋予信息某些含义的人. ?Decoding: It is the activity during which the receiver attaches meaning to the words or symbols he/she has received.（解码：解码指信息接受者赋予其收到的言语或符号信息意义的行为。） ?Feedback: The response of a receiver to a sender’s message is called feedback.（反馈：反馈指信息接收者对信息源信息所做出的反应。） ?Noise: It is a term used for factors that interfere with the exchange of messages, including external noise physiological noise, psychological noise and semantic noise.