全新版大学英语第一册第四单元词汇学习
Unit 4 Language study
1. abandon.
v.（1）抛弃，舍弃，离弃：
He abandoned his wife and went away all their money. 他抛弃了妻子还带走了他们所有的钱。
The young couple abandoned their daughter hoping that they would give birth to a boy. 年轻的夫妇想要生个男孩儿抛弃了自己的女儿。
（2）放弃，停止做某事：
They abandoned the game because of rain. 因为下雨比赛停止了。
n. 放肆，放纵：
The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon. 那些女孩子跳上跳下尽情地挥舞着手臂。
考点：abandon oneself to 沉湎于，陷入，放纵，放任
with abandon放任地，放纵地; 纵情地
典型考题: The girl had to ______ her journey because of her mother’s illness.
A. abandon
B. leave
C. desert
D. quit
答案为A。译文：因为母亲生病了她不得不放弃了出去旅行。abandon 放弃，舍弃；leave 离开，离去；desert 抛弃；quit (中途)放弃。
近义词：desert, quit
辨析：abandon desert quit 都含有“放弃”之意。
abandon指完全、永远放弃，尤指对之负有责任或义务者；放弃一个项目或计划，通常用abandon，也可用give up：Because of the financial difficulties, the project was abandoned. 由于资金困难，该项目被迫放弃了。
desert强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等：All my friends have deserted me. 我所有的朋友都离开了我。
quit强调突然或出其不意地放弃，现在一般指“停止”：I quit before the game is over. 游戏还没有结束我就退出了。
2. amaze vt.使惊愕，使大吃一惊：
Her knowledge amazes me. 她的学识令我吃惊。
Dave amazed his friends by suddenly getting married. 大卫突然就结婚了，让他的朋友们都很吃惊。
It amazed me that you would believe those lies. 你竟会相信那些谎言让我很惊讶。
考点：be amazed at/to do/that…对…感到惊讶
it amazes me that…/ to do something （做）某件事情让我感到吃惊
to somebody’s amazement 令人惊讶（惊喜）的是
衍生词：amazing adj.令人吃惊的
amazement n.惊讶
amazingly ad.令人吃惊地
近义词：astonish surprise
辨析：amaze, astonish, surprise都含有“使…惊异”的意思，而且它们都是一般以事物或他人作主语，以本人做宾语。以本人作主语时用被动形式。
amaze强调“使惊异，困惑”，间或还有“惊叹，佩服”的意思，是意义很强的词：We were amazed at the ingenuity with which they solved their difficulties. 他们在解决困难中所表现的智慧使我们惊叹(佩服)。
astonish表示“使人大吃一惊，几乎无法使人相信”，但没有“惊叹”的意思：I was astonished at his rudeness. 他的粗野使我大吃一惊。
surprise语气较上述两词弱，只表示“出乎意外地惊异”，如：We were surprised at finding the house empty. 我们惊异地发现房子是空的。
3. amuse vt.
（1）使欢乐，逗…笑：
His story amused me. 他的故事使我发笑。
（2）娱乐，消遣：
She amused herself by reading detective stories. 她读侦探小说消遣。
The kids amused themselves playing hide-seek. 孩子们玩儿捉迷藏玩儿得很开心。
考点：be amused at/by/with…以…为乐
近义词：entertain娱乐
辨析：amusing, interesting都含有“有趣的，有意思的”的意思。
amusing带有“让人发笑的”，“有趣的”，“搞笑的”：Your foolish mistakes amused all of us. 你这些愚蠢的错误把大家都逗笑了。
interesting指“有意义的，有趣味的”：His experience makes an interesting story. 他的经历可以写成很有意思的故事。
4. approach
（1）n. 走进，靠近；途径，通路；方法，步骤
The approach of winter brings cold weather.冬天快到了，天气要转冷了。
All approaches were blocked. 所有道路都堵塞了。
present a new approach提出一个新的方法
（2）vt./vi. 走近，靠近：
We approached the museum. 我们走进博物馆。
We need to find the best way of approaching this problem.
考点：an approach to通往…，是…的方法
at the approach of在…快到的时候;
make approaches to sb.设法接近某人, 想博得某人的好感
近义词：access通道，访问；entrance入口，进口
典型考题：I must tell him that I can’t go to his graduation ceremony, but I don’t quite know how to ______ the subject.
A. deal
B. approach
C. cope
D. settle
答案为B。译文：我必须告诉他我不能参加他的毕业典礼，但我确实不知道该如何说出这件事。deal with和cope with都表示处理、对待某事或问题，settle表示解决（问题、
争端等）。
5. assume vt.
（1）假定，设想：
Let assume this to be true. 我们来假定这是真的
（2）承担，担任，接受：
assume office就职
assume the reins of government 执政，开始掌权
（3）采取，采用，表现为，呈（形式、姿态、位置）：
assume a new aspect呈现新的面貌
考点：assuming that…意为“假定……”，引导条件状语从句。
Assuming that it is true, everybody must believe it. 假定它是真的，人们都一定会相信。
典型考题：The prince _______ power on the death of his father.
A. assumed
B. consumed
C. resumed
D. presumed
答案为A。译文：父亲死后，王子登基。Assume承担，担任，assume power上任，登基；consume 消费；resume重新开始；presume认为，推测。
衍生词：n. assumption 假定，臆断; 担任，承担
典型考题：We are working ________ the assumption that we can carry out the plan in a week.
A. on
B. in
C. under
D. for
答案为A。译文：我们在一星期内可以完成计划的假定之下工作。On the assumption that…为固定搭配，意为“（在……的）假定之下”。
近义词：suppose, presume
辨析：assume, presume, suppose三者都含有“假定，假设，认为”的意思。
assume意为“假定、假设、想当然地认为”，指将未证实或尚存在分歧的事情假定为事实或真理人微言轻自己诊断的基础，含有较强烈的武断成分。常后接that从句：If he is not here in five minutes, we’ll assume that he is not coming. 如果他五分钟之内还不来的话，那我们就认为他不会来了。
presume指以过去的经验人微言轻依据或合乎逻辑地“推测”，一般有充分的理由，虽然结论仍可能是错误的，含有在被否定之前假定为事实的意味，常后接动词不定式作宾主补足语或主语补足语：From the way they talked I presumed them to be married. 从他们说话的方式（语气）来看，我认为他们已经结婚了。
suppose口语动词，常用来陈述自己的意见或建议，猜测的成分最少，可放在句末，作插入语：
“He must have missed the train.”“Yes, I suppose so.”“他一定是误车了。”“对，我想是的。”
5. balance
（1）n.平衡，均衡；天平，秤；结存，结欠：
Rides need a good sense of balance. 骑车的人必须善于保持平衡。
Try to achieve a better balance between work and play. 争取把工作和娱乐更好地结合起来。
I must check my bank balance. 我要核对一下我在银行的余额。
（2）vt. （1）使平衡，使均衡；权衡，比较：
How long can you balance on one foot? 你能单脚站立多久？
His lack of experience was balanced by his willingness to learn. 他悉心好学弥补了经验不足。
She balanced the attractions of a high salary against the prospect of working long ours. 他对高薪与长工时两者的利弊作了比较。
考点：on/off balance
典型考题：Life depends on the _______ between the heat received from the sun and the heat lost to cooler surroundings.
A. relationship
B. contrast
C. exchange
D. balance
答案为D。译文：生命取决于从太阳中接受的热量与在凉爽环境中失去热量之间的平衡。
Relationship关系，联系；contrast对照，对比；exchange交换，互换，exchange…for…
以…交换…。
6. capacity n.
（1）容量，容积; 生产力; 接受力，能力，才能;
a hall with a holding capacity of 2,000有2000个座位的大厅
double the factory’s capacity.使工厂生产翻一番。
This book is within the capacity of young readers. 这本书年轻的读者也能看懂.
（2）身份，职位
As your father, I can set you free, but in my capacity as a king of the country I must do my duty and punish you. 作为你的父亲，我可以释放你，但作为一个国王，我必须履行我的职责处罚你。
考点：at full capacity以全（部）力（量），满功率，满负载
in one’s capacity as (=in the capacity of)作为…，以…资格（身份、职位）
capacity for…的能力
capacity of…的能力
capacity to do…的能力
have the capacity for/to do…能做…
衍生词：adj.capable 有能力的
n. capability 能力
典型考题：Mobile telecommunications _______ is expected to double in Shanghai this year as a result of a contract signed between the two companies.
A. capacity
B. potential
C. possession
D. impact
答案为A。译文：由于这两家公司签署的协议，今年上海移动通信的容量渴望扩充一倍。
capacity意为“容量；容积”，如：This can has a capacity of four liters. 这个罐的容
量有四公升。Potential意为“潜力，潜能”，如：The boy has acting potential, but he needs
training. 那小男孩有演戏的潜在能力，但需要训练。Possession意为“拥有；占有；
私人财产”，如：He gave up possession of the house. 他放弃了这房子的所有权。
Impact意为“冲击；影响”，如：impact of modern science upon society as a whole现
代科学对整个社会的影响。
7. character n.
（1）性格，品质，品德; 性质，特性，特色：
He has a strong but gentle character. 他有坚强但温和的性格。
The whole character of the village has changed since I was last here. 自从我上次到这里以来，这个村庄的特色完全变了。
（2）人物，角色; （书写或印刷）符号，（汉）字：
the characters in the novels of Charles Dickens狄更斯小说中的人物
The characters in Chinese writing look like pictures. 汉字看起来像是一幅幅小图画。
考点：in character（与自身特性）相符
out of character（与自身特性）不相符
典型考题：The police were tracking a suspicious ______.
A. nature
B. personality
C. character
D. disposition
答案为C。译文：警察正追踪可疑人物。nature本质；personality个性；disposition性格，性情。
衍生词：characteristic adj. 特有的，典型的
近义词：personality
辨析：character, personality一般都可以用来表示“个性，性格”。
character着重讲的是人的品质比如高尚、诚实等等：a teacher of great character 品质高尚的教师
personality主要是说明人的与众不同的个性特点比如开朗、幽默、沉默、内向等等：He has a strong personality. 他的个性很强。
8. confidence n. 信任；自信，信心
He has won her confidence; she trusts him. 他已得到她的信任。
She lacks confidence in herself. 她缺乏自信心。
考点：have confidence in somebody 相信某人
in confidence 秘密地，私下地
take into one’s confidence 把…作为知己
with confidence满怀信心地做某事
典型考题：The managing director told the journalists he was _______ of success.
A. confidence
B. optimistic
C. happy
D. reliable
答案为A。译文：总经理告诉记者他对成功非常有信心。Confident (of) 确信的，自信的；be optimistic about 对…乐观；reliable 可靠的。
9. discard vt. 放弃，丢弃，抛弃：
?discard prejudices 放弃偏见
考点：discard A for B 舍A取B；
discard former friends抛弃老朋友
discard old beliefs摒弃旧的信仰
go into the discard …被遗弃
throw … into the discard (Am.) 放弃
近义词：throw away, abandon, dispose of, remove, get rid of , reject, desert
典型考题：We have a cupboard full of _______ toys.
A. discarded
B. abandoned
C. deserted
D. rejected
答案为A。译文：我们有一柜子旧玩具。Discard指将旧的、不用的东西丢弃，discarded指旧的、废弃的；abandon指完全放弃；desert表示放弃有逃避应尽的义务和职责的意
思；reject表示拒绝。
10. personnel n.
（1）[总称]人员，员工（复数）：
The company had to fire half of its personnel to save money. 公司不得不解雇一半的员工以节省开支。
All personnel were present at the meeting.全体职员都出席了。
（2）人事部门：
I went to personnel to ask about the company retirement program. 我去人事部门询问
公司有关退休的计划。
辨析：personal 个人的，私人的
典型考题：All the technical _______ are required to learn a foreign language.
A. personnel
B. personalities
C. crew
D. faculty
答案为A。译文：所有技术人员必须学外语。personnel意为“全体职员，全体人员”时，如果作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。如：All personnel were present at the meeting. 全
体职员都出席了那个会议。personality指个性。crew指全体乘务人员。Faculty指
学院全体教员。
11. precision n. 精确（性），精密（度）：
The professor spoke with precision. 那位教授讲话十分严谨。
典型考题：Laser technology has enhanced the ________ of many surgical procedures.
A. detail
B. cost
C. consideration
D. precision
答案为D。译文：激光技术已经大大提高了外科手术的精确度。Detail细节；cost费用，成本；
consideration考虑。
记忆法：adj. precise精确的，准确的；严谨的
典型考题：His painting is a (an) ________ copy of the original.
A. exact
B. precise
C. correct
D. accurate
答案为A。译文：他的画是与原作丝毫不差的临摹作品。Correct指某人或某事符合事实或公认的标准，没有差错；precise强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密，有时略带“吹
毛求疵”的贬义；accurate强调准确性，与事实无出入；exact语气较accurate强，
指某人或某事不仅符合事实或标准，而且在细微末节上也丝毫不差。
引申：（近）accuracy, exactness
12. wreck
（1）n. 失事，失事船（或飞机）残骸; 精神或身体已坏的人：
?The collision reduced the car to a useless wreck. 那辆汽车在碰撞事故中成了一堆废铁。
?The stroke left him a helpless wreck. 他中风之后成了不能自理的废人。
（2）vt. 破坏，毁坏; 造成…失事，使遇难
?The weather wrecked all our plans. 天气恶劣，我们的计划全毁了。
?They had been wrecked off the coast of Africa. 他们的船在非洲沿海遇难损毁。
典型考题：The strong storm did a lot of damage to the coastal villages: several fishing boats were ______ and many houses collapsed.
A. wrecked
B. spoiled
C. torn
D. injured
答案为A。译文：强烈的暴风雨给沿海的村庄造成了很大的损失：好几艘渔船被毁，许多房屋倒塌。Spoil表示损坏、宠爱、溺爱；torn撕开、分开；injure伤害、受伤。
近义词：destruction, ruin破坏，毁灭（名词）；
ruin, damage, destroy, spoil破坏，毁灭（动词）
II Key phrases
1. above all
（1）最重要的是：
?John is fair, hardworking, and above all, honest. 约翰正直，勤奋，最重要的是他诚实。
?I won’t go with you, because it’s too far, too late, and above all, too dangerous. 我不想和
你去，太远，也晚了，而且最重要的是太危险。
（2）号召，要求：同call upon
典型考题：I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and _____ in a quiet environment. A. before all B. all in all C. after all D. above all
答案为D。译文：我想租一套房子，要新式的、舒适的，尤其是周围环境要安静。above all 相当于most importantly, 用于强调几个事物中的最后一个比其他几个更为重要；
all in all整个说来，大体而言；after all毕竟，终究。
2. call on拜访某人
?I’d like to call on my former professor while I am on business in Beijing. 我在北京出差期
间想去拜访一下我以前的教授。
?He wanted to call on his girlfriend after work, and then go to see a movie with her. 他想下
班后去找女朋友然后一起去看场电影。
典型考题：
1) Our manager is ______ an important customer now and he will be back this afternoon.
A. calling on
B. calling in
C. calling up
D. calling for
答案为A。译文：我们的经理去拜访一位重要的客户，今天下午回来。call in叫……进来，召来；call up ①召集②打电话（给）③使人想起；call for ①叫（某人）来②要求，需要。
2) This article ______ more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and learning.
A. cares for
B. allows for
C. applies for
D. call for
答案为D。译文：这篇文章要求更加注意外语教学中的文化干扰问题。care for喜欢；apply for申请。
3) Craig assured his boss that he would _____ all his energies in doing this new job.
A. call forth
B. call at
C. call on
D. call off
答案为A。译文：Craig向他的老板保证他会把所有的精力投入到新工作中去。call forth ①唤起，引起②振作起，鼓起；call at拜访（某人家或某个地方）；call on/upon ①拜访，访问②号召，要求；call off取消。
4) She _____ her trip to New York because she was ill.
A. called off
B. closed down
C. put up
D. went off
答案为A。译文：因为生病，她取消了去纽约的旅行。call off取消；close down关闭；put up 建立；go off进行。
扩展：call at拜访（某人家或某个地方）；
call back回电话；
call for ①叫（某人）来②要求，需要；
call forth ①唤起，引起②振作起，鼓起；
call in叫……进来，召来；
call off取消
call on/upon ①拜访，访问②号召，要求；
call up ①召集②打电话（给）③使人想起
3. clean up
（1）（把……）收拾干净：
?I’ll go shopping with you as soon as I’ve cleaned up the kitchen. 我一打扫完厨房就和你
去上街购物。
（2）清理，清除（犯罪现象等）：
?The new mayor has promised to clean up the town by getting rid of all the criminals. 新市
长许诺要彻底消除犯罪来清理整个城市。
典型考题：Look at all the corruption that is going on. It’s time the city was ______.
A. cleaned out
B. cleaned away
C. cleaned down
D. cleaned up
答案为D。译文：看看所出现的这种腐化现象，该是清查这个城市的时候了。clean down把……
打扫干净；clean out清除干净。
扩展：clean down把……打扫干净；clean out清除干净
4. do with
（1）[与could, can连用] 想要，需要：
?This room could do with a good clean. 这房间需要好好打扫。
（2）[与what连用] 对待，处理：
?What do you do with such rude boys? 对那群粗野的孩子你怎么办？
?What are we going to do with the huge rock lying in the middle of the road? 马路中间那
块大石头我们该怎么办？
（3）与……有关：
?What he does at home has nothing to do with the teacher. 他在家做的事与老师毫无关系。（4）以……对付过去（或凑合着用）：
?I can’t do with all this loud music. 我受不了这么大的音乐声。
典型考题：You must buy cakes with your own pocket money or ______.
A. do without
B. make do with
C. do with
D. do up
答案为A。译文：你必须用自己的零花钱买糕点，否则的话就只好将就了。do up ①系，扎
②修缮，重新装修③打扮；do without用不着，没有……也行，将就；make do
with = make … do凑合着用，将就。
扩展：do away with废除，去掉；
do for毁坏，使完蛋；
do one’s best尽力
do up ①系，扎②修缮，重新装修③打扮；
do without用不着，没有……也行，将就
have nothing/something to do with与……无关/有关
make do with = make … do凑合着用，将就
5. pass away去世（“die”的委婉说法）：
?The old lady passed away peacefully in her sleep. 老妇人安详地在睡眠中辞世了。
?The teenager has lived on his own since his parents passed away four years ago. 那孩子
十几岁时父母就都去世了，自那以后一直自己生活。
典型考题：
1) On entering another country, a tourist will have to ______ the Customs.
A. pass through
B. pass over
C. pass by
D. pass down
答案为A。译文：旅游者进入另一个国家时要经过海关。pass by经过，从……旁走过；pass over对……不加考虑；pass through穿过……，经历……；pass down传给（后人）。
2) The old man was directly sent to hospital when he ______ from heart stroke.
A. passed away
B. passed off
C. passed out
D. passed down
答案为C。译文：老人因心脏病发作而失去知觉时，被直接送进医院。pass off (as) 充作，被看作，被当作；pass out失去知觉，昏倒；pass down传给（后人）。
3) The accumulated knowledge which has been ______ on this subject is well presented in this book.
A. passed over
B. passed down
C. passed out
D. passed off
答案为B。译文：本书详尽介绍了前人积累并流传下来的有关这个问题的知识。pass off (as) 充作，被看作，被当作；pass out失去知觉，昏倒；pass down传给（后人）。
扩展：pass by经过，从……旁走过；
pass off (as) 充作，被看作，被当作
pass out失去知觉，昏倒；
pass over对……不加考虑；
pass on传递，传授
pass through穿过……，经历……；
pass up放过（机会），放弃
6. send for派人去找某人，召唤; 函索，函购
?Don’t worry about your son, I have sent for the doctor. 别担心你儿子了，我已经派人去请
医生了。
?He sent for his parents to attend the graduation ceremony at Harvard. 他让人去请父母参
加他在哈佛大学的毕业典礼。
典型考题：The old lady is seriously ill, and we have to ______ a doctor.
A. send in
B. send for
C. send off
D. send up
答案为B。译文：这位老太太病得很厉害，我们得去请医生。send in递送，呈报，提交；send for派人去找某人，召唤；send off寄发，邮寄；send up使上升。
扩展：send away把……打发走；
send in递送，呈报，提交；
send off寄发，邮寄
send out ①发送（信函、货物等）②发出（声音等）；
send up使上升
7. turn away回绝，把……打发走
?He’s my son after all, I can’t just turn him away when he is in trouble. 他毕竟是我的儿
子，我不能在他困难的时候回绝他。
?The lecture hall was already full and many of the students were turned away. 演播厅已经
满了，许多学生都（没座位）被打发走了。
典型考题：
1) This popular sports car is now being _____ at the rate of a thousand a week.
A. turned down
B. turned up
C. turned out
D. turned on
答案为C。译文：这种时兴的跑车现在正以每星期一千辆的速度生产出来。turn down ①拒绝②关小，调低；turn up ①开大，调大②出来，来到；turn out ①制造，生产②结果是，证明是③关掉，旋熄④驱逐，（使）离开；turn on接通，打开。
2) The French pianist who had been praised very highly _______ to be a great disappointment.
A. turned up
B. turned out
C. turned in
D. turned down
答案为B。译文：那个曾受到评价的法国钢琴家结果却令人大失所望。turn down ①拒绝②关小，调低；turn up ①开大，调大②出来，来到；turn out ①制造，生产②结果是，证明是③关掉，旋熄④驱逐，（使）离开；turn in ①交还，上交②上床睡觉。
3) Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body’s need for it for natural sources without turning ______ the salt bottle.
A. up
B. to
C. on
D. over
答案为B。译文：我们吃的喝的所有东西里都含有盐，即使没有盐罐子，也能满足我们体内对盐的需求。turn up ①开大，调大②出来，来到；turn on接通，打开；turn to求助于……，求教于，查阅；turn over ①翻过来，翻倒②交，转交③仔细考虑。
4) None of us expected the chairman to ______ at the party. We thought he was still in hospital.
A. turn in
B. turn over
C. turn up
D. turn down
答案为C。译文：我们谁也没料到主席会出席晚会。turn down ①拒绝②关小，调低；
turn up ①开大，调大②出来，来到；turn over ①翻过来，翻倒②交，转交③仔细考虑；turn in ①交还，上交②上床睡觉。
扩展：by turns轮流的，交替的；
in turn ①依次地，轮流地②转而，反过来；
take turns依次，轮流
turn around/round转变，（使）转好；
turn back（使）折回，（使）往回走
turn down ①拒绝②关小，调低；
turn in ①交还，上交②上床睡觉；
turn into变成
turn off ①关，关掉②拐弯，离开……转入另一条路；
turn on接通，打开
turn out ①制造，生产②结果是，证明是③关掉，旋熄④驱逐，（使）离开
turn over ①翻过来，翻倒②交，转交③仔细考虑
turn to求助于……，求教于，查阅；
turn up ①开大，调大②出来，来到
8. work out
（1）算出：
?My mother allowed me to take the trip, but asked me to work out the total cost first. 我妈
妈同意我去旅行，不过要我先算出旅行的总花费。
（2）理解，弄懂
（3）想出，制定出：
?Finally I worked out that the parcel had been sent to Paris by mistake. 终于我想起来包
裹被送错了送到巴黎去了。
（4）解决
（5）产生结果
典型考题：It is up to the Government to deal with the environmental pollution problem and _______ measures in line with the council’s suggestion.
A. set about
B. work out
C. fill up
D. bring over
答案为B。译文：应由政府处理环境问题，并根据议会的提议制定出措施。set out开始，着手；fill up填满；bring over把……带来，使（在信仰等方面）转变。
扩展：at work ①在工作，在干活②在起作用，在运转；
out of work失业
work off消除，去除；
work at/on从事于，致力于；
work up ①引起，激起②制定出，精心做出
Section B
1. surroundings n. 环境：
?The house is in beautiful surroundings. 这座房屋四周的环境优美。
典型考题：The house is in beautiful ________.
A. surrounding
B. surroundings
C. environment
D. circumstances
答案为B。译文：这房子周围环境很美。
记忆法：surround 包围，环绕
引申：（近）environment circumstance
辨析：surroundings, environment和circumstance都含有“环境”的意思。surroundings用作复数，指周围具体的物质性的东西，看得见摸得着的；environment不用复数，指特定的能对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活的环境条件；circumstances常用复数，指动作或事情发生的环境或情况。
surroundings用作复数，指周围具体的物质性的东西，看得见摸得着的：The children grew up in beautiful surroundings but not in a happy home environment. 孩子们在美丽的环境中长大，但是却缺少一个幸福的家庭环境。
environment不用复数，指特定的能对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活的环境条件：The children grew up in beautiful surroundings but not in a happy home environment. 孩子们在美丽的环境中长大，但是却缺少一个幸福的家庭环境。
circumstances常用复数，指动作或事情发生的环境或情况：We can’t judge what he did until we know all the circumstances. 直到我们了解所有的情况我们才能评判他做的事。
2. threaten
用法：vt.
（1）威胁，扬言要：
?I was threatened with dismissal if I didn’t obey. 我不服从就有被解雇的危险。
?She threatened to murder him. 她威胁要杀了他。
（2）预示，是…的征兆：
?The dark cloud threatened a big storm. 这乌云预示着一场大暴雨。
?It threatens to rain. 要下雨了。
考点：carry out a threat 进行恐吓
by threat of force 以武力相威胁
under threat of 在…的威胁下
threaten somebody with/to do…威胁要…
典型考题：The survival of civilization as we know is _______ threat.
A. within
B. under
C. towards
D. upon
答案为B。译文：我们都知道人类文明的生存在受到威胁。be under threat是固定搭配，意思是“受到威胁”。
3. motivate vt. 作为…的动机，激励，激发
?No one really knows what motivated him to do so. 没人确知他那样做的动机是什么。
?This will motivate the students to study harder. 这将激励学生更加努力地学习。
典型考题：The beautiful picture in this book ______ the child to learn more new words.
A. lets
B. accelerates
C. accomplishes
D. motivates
答案为D。译文：书中美丽的图画激励孩子学会更多的新词。Let让、使；accelerate加速；
accomplish完成，motivate促进。
记忆法：motive 动机，目的，动因
典型考题：The police could not find a ______ for the murder.
A. motion
B. incentive
C. impulse
D. motive
答案为D。译文：警方未能找出谋杀者的动机。Motion移动，提议；incentive刺激，鼓励，指人以极大的热情从事某项活动的原因；impulse冲动；motive动机，目的，指引
起人行动的“内部冲动”。
辨析：motive, incentive, inducement都含有“动机”之意。
motive指“任何使人产生行动的推动力、感想、愿望等”：Greed was his only motive for stealing. 贪婪是他盗窃的惟一动机。
incentive指“怂恿人去行动的刺激物（经常是奖赏）”：Money is still a major incentive to most people. 对于大多数人来说，金钱仍是主要的刺激物。
inducement指“外部的刺激所引起的行为”：Reward is an inducement effort. 报酬是人们努力工作。
4. assure vt.使确信，使放心；向…保证，郑重宣告：
?The news assured us. 这消息使我们放心了。
?I assure you there is no danger. 我向你保证没有危险。
?Nothing can assure permanent happiness. 没有什么东西能确保永久的幸福。
考点：assure somebody of/that…担保，使确信
典型考题：He was proud of being chosen to participate in the game and he _______ us that he would try as hard as possible.
A. insured
B. guaranteed
C. assumed
D. assured
答案为D。译文：对于能够被选中参加比赛，他感到很自豪，并向我们保证全力以赴。Insure 保险；guarantee保证；assume假定；assure向某人保证。
记忆法：assurance 确信，保证
典型考题：You told me that Jack will arrive tomorrow, but I am not certain that he will. Can you give me some ______?
A. allowance
B. agreement
C. assurance
D. insurance
答案为C。译文：你告诉我说杰克明天要来，但我不太确定他是否会来。你能保证他会来吗？
assurance为assure的名词形式，意为“信心，自信，把握；承诺，保证”，如：We
have the assurance of final victory. 我们确信会赢得最后的胜利。Allowance意为“津
贴，补足；零用钱；考虑，谅解”，如：a travel allowance出差补贴；agreement意
为“同意，达成一致；协定，契约”，如：come to/arrive at/make/reach an agreement
达成协议；insurance意为“保险；保险业；保险金”，如：fire insurance火灾保险/life
insurance人寿保险。
5. obtain
（1）vt. 获得，得到：
?He always manages to obtain what he wants. 他总是有办法得到他想要的东西。（2）vi. 通用，流行，存在：
?The practice still obtains in some areas of England. 这种做法在英格兰一些地区仍很
流行。
典型考题：In the second experiment they _______ a very clear result.
A. obtained
B. acquired
C. won
D. attained
答案为A。译文：在第二次实验中他们得到了一个非常清楚的结果。obtain获得，指通过努
力，尤其是相当的努力、恳请或要求才得到；acquire获得，指通过不断地学或
问逐步获得精神上的东西，如知识、才能等；win赢得；attain指经过艰苦努力
才使人达到完美的地步。
辨析：obtain, acquire, win, attain都有“获得”之意。
obtain获得，指通过努力，尤其是相当的努力、恳请或要求才得到：Where did you obtain this book? 你从哪里弄到的这本书？
acquire获得，指通过不断地学或问逐步获得精神上的东西，如知识、才能等：acquire knowledge 获取知识
win赢得：Surely he will win the game. 他肯定能赢得比赛。
attain指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美的地步：She attained rank of deputy director. 她得到副主任的头衔。
6. appoint vt.
（1）任命，委派：
?We must appoint a new teacher at once to the mountain school. 我们必须立即委派一名
新教师到那山村小学去。
（2）[常与for连用]指定，约定：
?They appointed a place to exchange stamps. 他们约定一个地方交换邮票。
考点：appoint somebody as/to be 任命（某人）为
appoint somebody to do 制定（某人）做…
典型考题：As soon as the observer saw what our child was doing, and noticed his lack of initial success at the _______ tack, she attempted to intervene.
A. named
B. appointed
C. designated
D. assigned
答案为B。一旦观察者看到我们的孩子在做什么时，并且注意到孩子对既定目标没有初步成功时，她就试图去干预。appoint是指由有权任命者作出的选择，不管选择本身明
智与否，典型例句中appointed意为“指定的，约定的”；name与选择者或选择方
式的关系最少，用的也普通；designate是一种最为正式而且也比较生硬的用法，
指任命（某人）做……，指名，指定；assign分派，分配，指派（某人做某项工
作）。
记忆法：appointment 约定；任命
典型考题：She congratulated me on my ________ as chief.
A. profession
B. appointment
C. position
D. resignation
答案为B。译文：她恭贺我当了处长。Profession职业；position职位；resignation辞职。
辨析：appoint, name和designate都可表示“任命”，在许多情况下可以互用。
appoint是指由有权任命者作出的选择，不管选择本身明智与否，典型例句中appointed意为“指定的，约定的”：I have been appointed to run the overseas section. 我被任命负责海外部的业务。
name与选择者或选择方式的关系最少，用的也普通：The college is named for George Washington. 这所大学以乔治华盛顿命名。
designate是一种最为正式而且也比较生硬的用法，指任命（某人）做……，指名，指定：He
was designated as manager. 他被任命为经理。
assign分派，分配，指派（某人做某项工作）：I assigned/designated/appointed him to meet the visitors at the airport. 我指派他到机场接客人。
7. sacrifice
（1）n.祭祀，供奉；献身，牺牲：
? A lamb was offered in sacrifice. 一只小羊被用做祭祀。
?He gave his life as a sacrifice for his country. 他为国牺牲了。
（2）：vt. 牺牲，献出：
?He sacrificed his life to save the drowning child. 他牺牲生命去拯救要溺死的孩子。
考点：at the sacrifice of…牺牲……
make sacrifices for…为……作出牺牲
典型考题：In primitive societies, sheep and cows were used as ________ to ghosts and gods.
A. symbols
B. sacrifice
C. grants
D. gifts
答案为B。译文：原始社会里人们用牛羊祭品祭祀鬼神。古代给鬼神的礼物称为sacrifice（祭品），汉语名词“牺牲”的本意就是“祭品”；其余三项均无此意。
8. come up with提出，提供，想出
?Advanced computer technology has come up with an answer to accurate weather
forecasting. 先进的计算机技术为准确进行天气预报提供了方法。
典型考题：
1) One day I _____ a newspaper article about the retirement of an English professor at a nearby state college.
A. came across
B. came after
C. came about
D. came at
答案为A。译文：有一天，我偶然看到报上有篇关于附近一所国立大学任教的一位英语教授退休的文章。come across偶然遇见，碰上；come after紧跟着；come about发生，产生；come at ①攻击，冲向②达到，了解。
2) The new production of Othello is very ambitious and extremely interesting, but somehow it doesn’t quite _____.
A. come off
B. come through
C. come out
D. come round
答案为A。译文：新制作的《奥塞罗》场面宏伟，极有吸引力，但不是很成功。come off ①脱落，分开②结果，表现；come through经历……仍活着，安然度过；come out ①出现，显露②出版，发表③结果是；come around/round ①苏醒，复原②顺便来访。
3) Scientists have ______ with completely new answers to the air pollution.
A. come to
B. come round
C. come on
D. come up
答案为D。译文：科学家们提出了解决空气污染的新办法。come to ①苏醒②总数为，结果是③涉及，谈到；come around/round ①苏醒，复原②顺便来访；come on ①[表示鼓励、催促等]快，走吧②进步，进展③发生，开始；come up ①出现，发生②走上前来。
扩展：come about发生，产生；
come across偶然遇见，碰上；
come along ①出现，发生②进步，进展
come around/round ①苏醒，复原②顺便来访
come at ①攻击，冲向②达到，了解；
come between ①分开，离间②妨碍（某人做某事）
come by ①得到，获得②访问，看望；
come down to可归结为；
come off ①脱落，分开②结果，表现
come on ①[表示鼓励、催促等]快，走吧②进步，进展③发生，开始come out ①出现，显露②出版，发表③结果是；
come over从远处来，顺便来访
come through经历……仍活着，安然度过；
come to ①苏醒②总数为，结果是③涉及，谈到
come up ①出现，发生②走上前来
come up against突然（或意外）碰到（困难、反对等）；
come up to比得上，达到（标准等）
大学英语第一册课后习题答案
新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 1 III. 1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4. embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7.virtual 8. benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunities IV. 1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in 9. for 10.with V. 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.C Sentence Structure VI. 1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relatively poor. 2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down. 3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family. 4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others wee insulting and impolite. 5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all those concerned, while inwardly she was angry. VII. 1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gap between his culture and ours. 2. Not only did we learn the technology through the online course, but we also learned to communicate with friends in English. 3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. 4. Not only do the workers want a pay increase, but they also want reduced working hours. 5. Not only is the house expensive, but it is also too far away from my company. Translation VIII. 1. Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply. 2. She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless. 3. Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot. 4. Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need. 5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her. 6. Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. IX. 1. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师，是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有价值的。如果没有他，我的英语说得不会像现在这样好。
人教版高中英语必修一第四单元重点单词和句型
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五分之三three fifths 三分之二 5.shock It shocked me to see how my neighbors treated their children. be shocked at doing sth be shocked to do sth 6.injure V. 伤害，弄上，损害 She was slightly injured in the traffic accident. 7.rescue We had given up the hope of rescue. We rescued him from the enemy. 8.shelter 掩蔽，掩蔽处，藏身处 They found shelter from the storm in a barn. give ab shelter 9.bury The paper was buried under a pile of books. He was buried in his work. 10.dig out He was buried under the building and had to be dug out. 11.Think little of 对。。。。。。不屑一顾，不看重。。。。。。 Don’t think little of others. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/6d842622.html,st
大学英语1新版第四单元答案
Unit 4 Text A Text Organization (P88) Main Events 1)Tony worked as a help at Mr. Crawford's house. 2)Tony got a job clearing snow at Mr. Crawford's factory. 3)Tony learned to become a skilled worker. 4)Tony bought a house with Mr. Crawford's help. 5)Tony bought a farm and sent for his family in Italy. Language Sense enhancement (P89) 1)passed away 2)grew in stature 3)proud 4)route 5)values and principles 6)above all 7)bottom 8)tiny 9)giant 10)balance sheets Vocabulary (P91) I. 1. 1) wreck 3) approaching 2) balance 4) handle
5) discard6) above all 7) diet8) do with 9) checked on10) cleaned up 11) weekly12) principles 2. 1) to look for survivors were abandoned after it has been/was determined that all the people in th sunken ship had died. 2)I was amazed that Bob left a well-paid job to travel around the world. 3)for a loan has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she could provide no guarantee. 4)Express her thoughts with precision, so people often misunderstand her. 5)will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time. 3.1) You can spend hours wandering around the department stores, leisurely inspecting the items for sale, or hunting for some antiques along the sidewalks, where you'll most likely be amazed by the variety of things on display. 2)The local government encourages laid-off workers to learn another trade and become skilled workers. Besides, it has done a lot to help handle their financial troubles by creating re-employment opportunities and by providing business startup loans. 3)The farmer was a man of good moral character. For years, had built up a reputation for kindness by calling on his needy neighbors and trying to be helpful. He was very much respected in the neighborhood and hundreds attended his funeral when he passed away. II. Confusable Words (P93) 1.1) personal2) personnel 2.1) sometime3) some time 2) Sometimes4) sometime III. Euphemism (P94) l.d 2. e 3. h 4. c 5.g 6. a 7. b8.f Comprehensive Exercises (P94) I. Cloze (A) 1.sponsored 2. determination 3. turned away 4. assumed 5. capacity 6. skilled 7. loan 8. character 9. hunting 10. For sale 11. send for
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第一册Book1Unit1~Unit10 翻译答案 Unit1 翻译 1) 史密斯太太对我抱怨说，她经常发现与自己十六岁的女儿简直无法沟通。 Mrs. Smith complained to me that she often found it simply impossible to communicate with her 16-year-old daughter. 2) 我坚信，阅读简写的(simplified) 英文小说是扩大我们词汇量的一种轻松愉快的方法。 I firmly believe that reading simplified English novels is an easy and enjoyable way of enlarging our vocabulary. 3) 我认为我们在保护环境不受污染(pollution) 方面还做得不够。 I don’t think we’re doing enough to protect our environment from pollution. 4) 除了每周写作文外，我们的英语老师还给我们布置了八本书在暑假里阅读。 In addition to/Apart from writing compositions on a weekly basis, our English teacher assigned us eight books to read during the summer vacation. 5) 我们从可靠的消息来源获悉下学期一位以英语为母语的人将要教我们英语口语。 We’ve learned from reliable sources that a native English speaker is going to te ach us spoken English next term/semester. 6) 经常看英语电影不仅会提高你的听力，而且还会帮助你培养说的技能。 Seeing English movies on a regular basis will not only improve your ear, but will also help you build your speaking skills. 7) 如果你们对这些学习策略有什么问题，请随便问我。我将更详细地进行讲解。 If you have any q uestions about these learning strategies, please feel free to ask me. And I’ll explain them in greater detail. 8) 那个加拿大女孩善于抓住每个机会讲汉语。这就是她为什么三年不到就熟练地掌握了汉语口语的原因。 The Canadian girl is good at seizing every opportunity to speak Chinese. That’s why she has gained a good command of spoken Chinese in less than three years. Unit2 翻译 1) 幸好附近有家医院，我们立刻把他送到了那里。 Fortunately there was a hospital nearby and we took him there at once. 2) 胜利登上乔治岛(George Island) 后，船长向指挥部(the headquarters) 发了一份无线电报。 After succeeding in landing on George Island, the captain sent a radio message to the headquarters. 3) 他决心继续他的实验，不过这一次他将用另一种方法来做。 He is determined to continue his experiment but this time he'll do it another way. 4) 她在读这部小说时，不禁想起了她在农村度过的那五年。 When she read the novel, she couldn't help thinking of the five years she had spent in the countryside. 5) 玛丽觉得单靠自己的力量执行她的计划是困难的。 Mary thought it difficult to carry out her plan all by herself. 6) 我们认为他不能在一刻钟内走完那段距离，但他却成功地做到了这一点。 We didn't think he could cover the distance in a quarter of an hour, but he succeeded in doing it. 7) 甚至在他的医生告诉他患有肺癌之后，奇切斯特仍不肯放弃环球航行的宿愿。
大学英语精读第一册答案
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11) Nevertheless 12) rely on 13) Apart from 14) command 1) over and over again 2) ata time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for
5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition t 8) in detail 1) action 2) employ 3) announce 4) examination 5) communication 6) express 7) compose 8) improvement 9) concentration 10) management 11) consider 12) motivate 13) development 14) movement 15) discuss 16) operate 17) division 18) production 19) educate 20) repeat 1) additional 2) add
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高中英语必修一第4单元单词及默写 贵阳市乌当中学高力超（注：词汇不含带Δ的） earthquake地震 quake 地震 right away 立刻马上 well井 pipe 管；导管 burst爆裂；爆发突然破裂，爆发 million 百万 event事件；大事 as if 仿佛．好像 at an end 结束；终结 nation民族．国家国民 canal 运河．水道 steam 蒸汽．水汽 dirt污垢；泥土 ruin 废墟．毁灭.毁灭.使破产 in ruins 严重受损破败不堪 suffering苦难．痛苦 extreme极度的 injure /损害.伤害 destroy 破坏；毁坏．消灭 brick砖.砖块 dam水坝．堰堤 track轨道．足迹．痕迹 useless无用的.无效的.无益的 shock（使）震凉震动n休克打击 rescue 援救：营救 trap陷入困境n 陷阱；困境 electricity 电，电流；电学 disaster 灾难．灾祸 dig out 掘出．发现 bury埋葬；掩埋．隐藏 mine矿．矿山矿井 miner矿工 shelter掩蔽．掩蔽处避身处 a (great) number of许多．大量的 title标题；头衔．资格 reporter 记者 bar 条；棒；条状物 damage损失损害 frighten使惊吓；吓唬 frightened受惊的.受恐吓的
frightening令人恐俱的 congratulation 祝贺．（复数） judge裁判员．法官以断定；判断；判决sincerely真诚地．真挚地 express表示．表达快车；速递 outline 要点；大纲．轮廓 headline报刊的大字标题 cyclist 骑自行车的人 英语默写 地震 地震 立刻马上 井 管；导管 爆裂；爆发突然破裂，爆发 百万 事件；大事 仿佛．好像 结束；终结 民族．国家国民 运河．水道 蒸汽．水汽 污垢；泥土 废墟．毁灭.毁灭.使破产 严重受损破败不堪 苦难．痛苦 极度的 损害.伤害 破坏；毁坏．消灭 砖.砖块 水坝．堰堤 轨道．足迹．痕迹 无用的.无效的.无益的 （使）震凉震动n休克打击 援救：营救 陷入困境n 陷阱；困境 电，电流；电学 灾难．灾祸 掘出．发现 埋葬；掩埋．隐藏 矿．矿山矿井 矿工 掩蔽．掩蔽处避身处
新视野大学英语(第三版)(第一册)课文单词详解讲稿(Unit-1)
新视野大学英语(第三版)(第一册)课文单词详解讲稿(Unit-1)
Section A Text A Toward a brighter future for all 1.Good afternoon! As president of the university, I am proud to welcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible. 下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。 Words and phrase 1. achievement n something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing: e.g. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young.
2. triumph n being successful or victorious 成功,胜利 shouts of triumph great achievement or success 成功 one of the triumphs of modern science v. ~ (over sb/sth) be successful or victorious triumph over one's difficulties 战胜困难. 3. pledge v ~ sth (to sb/sth) (fml ) promise solemnly to give (support,etc); give (one's word, honour, etc) as a pledge 保证给予（支持等）; 以（誓言﹑名誉等）作担保: pledge loyalty to the king 发誓效忠国王 be pledged to keeping a secret 誓守秘密.
大学英语精读第一册第三版答案
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14)movement 15)discuss 16)operate 17)division 18)production 19)educate 20)repeat 2. 1) a) additional b) add c) addition d) addition 2) a) effectively b) effect c) effective d) effect 3) a)helpful b) help c) helpless d) help e) helplessly f) helpfully g) helpful 4) a) reliant b) reliable c) reliance, reliable d) relies e) reliably 5) a) repetition b) repeating c) repeatedly d) repeated e) repetition Usage 1) In my opinion 2) According to Mary 3) In our opinion 4) According to today’s papers 5) In most doctors’ opinion ( According to most doctors) Structure 1. 1) Shakespeare was not only a dramatist but also an actor. 2) Miss Crain not only took me home in her car, but also came the next day to see if I had recovered. 3) Hainan Island attracts tourists not only in winter but also in summer. 4) There is always a black market not only in Britain, but also in other European countries. 5) At the Athens Olympics in 2004, Liu Xiang not only won a gold medal in the 110-meter hurdles, but also broke the Olympic record. 2. 1) It is true that your sentences are all gramma tically correct, but they don’t make any sense. 2) It is true that they lost that battle, but they still went on fighting. 3) It is true that Tom’s very clever and hardworking, but I still don’t think he is the right person for the job. 4) It is true that learning English is by no means easy, but we can make the task easier by using some learning strategies. Cloze 1. 1) strategies 2) frequently 3) over and over again 4) commit to memory 5) acquaintance 6) watch out for 7) communicate
大学英语第一册第一课
UNIT 1 Want to know how to improve your grades without having to spend more time studying? Sounds too good to be true? Well, read on... How to Improve Y our Study Habits Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. Y ou do well enough in school, but you probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily the case, however. Y ou can receive better grades if you want to. Y es, even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Here's how: 1. Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule or chart of your time. Fill in committed（指定的时间）time such as eating, sleeping, meetings, classes, etc. Then decide on good, regular times for studying. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignments. Of course, studying shouldn't occupy all of the free time on the schedule. It's important to set aside time for relaxation, hobbies, and entertainment as well. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Furthermore, it will enable you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time for both work and play. Plan your time carefully: topic sentence Supporting sentences 展开句 Fill in/out :write in; complete sth by putting whatever is needed Listen carefully and fill in the numbers you’ve heard from the tape. decide on: choose from two or more possibilities or make a decision about I’ve decided on leaving for New Y ork the day after tomorrow. Be sure (to do sth): not fail (to do sth) Be sure to leave adequate time for play. Be sure to write to us as soon as you get there. Be sure not to be late again. set aside：keep or save for special use or purpose Why don’t you set aside some money so that you can use it when you’re in need? as well: also , too This book tells Lu Hsun’s writings, and his life as well. With the changes in their social role, women’s position in the family has been improved as well. Be/ become aware of: know sth; know(what is happening) Are you aware of the importance of learning a foreign language? 2. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable, and it should not have distractions. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject. concentrate on/ upon : give all one’s attention or efforts, etc. to I can’t concentrate on my studies, for I’m homesick.思乡 Airsick晕飞机 seasick 晕船 3. Skim before you read. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material and you may skip some of these portions. Skimming helps double your reading speed and improves your comprehension as well. Look over: examine; inspect I looked hurriedly over the apples in the basket and took one that looked good. They looked over several kinds of new bikes before making up their minds to buy. My sister is busy looking over her mail. 4. Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Sit where you can see and hear well. Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says.
高一必修一英语第四单元重点总结练习
Unit 4 Earthquakes 重点词汇及短语 1.burst into +n =burst out doing 突然 ·····起来， burst into tears =burst out crying 2.as is known to everybody总所周知 3.be injured 受伤 4.cut across穿过横穿 5.as usual像往常一样 6.give out散发出精疲力竭 7.instead of 代替 8.give a speech演讲 9.put up shelters搭建避难 10.be pleased to do sth.乐意做某事 11.be proud of 以 ·····而自豪 12.the number of ·····的数量 13.in the open air 在户外 14.right away立刻 15.in ruins破败不堪成废墟16.dig out掘出 17.at an end 终结 18.a number of 许多大量的 19.too····· to·····太·····而不能 20.tens of thousands of 成千上万的 21.be trapped in =be caught in 被困在·····中 22.all ····· not····· = not all·····并非所有·····都 23.to the north of =north of 在·····的北面 24.be rescued from 被从·····解救出 25.be buried 被埋葬被埋藏 26.bury oneself in =be buried in 专心于埋头于 27.think little of 评价不高 think highly of 赞许给予较高评 28.as if 仿佛 20. be/ get shocked 震惊 21.at an end 终结 1) right away 立刻，马上 (= immediately / at once / right now / in no time ) 你必须马上交作业。 You must hand in your homework right away. 2) well n. 井 adv. 好；充分地 e.g. think well 充分思考 Learn it well. 好好地学。 adj. 健康的 You don’t look well. 你看上去气色不太好。 int. 好啦；好吧 vi./vt. 涌出；涌上 Tears welled up in her eyes. 泪水涌上她的双眼。 3) million n. 百万 具体数字 + million (单) + n. ...百万 (确数) millions of + n. 大量，无数，好几百万 (概数) (用法同billion, hundred, thousand等) 3百万美 元 3 million dollars 好几百万美元 millions of dollars 4) burst vi./vt. (burst, burst) （使）爆裂；(使）破裂；（使）爆 发 e.g. The balloon burst. 汽球爆破了。 He burst with anger. 他勃然大怒。
大学英语词汇练习详解 Test 1
Test 1 1.With the _______of Mary，all the girl students are eager to go to the party. A.exhibition B.exception C.except D.reception 除了玛丽，所有的女孩都急切的想去参加舞会。 答案： B A exhibition 展览 B exception 例外with the exception of =except C except 除了...之外，（减去，不包括）介词 D reception 接待是receive的名词形式， 2.Although the traffic is not busy，he likes to drive at a _______ speed. A.spare B.fast C.moderate D.moral 虽然交通并不拥堵，但是他还是喜欢中速行驶。 答案： C A spare adj. 业余的，备用的，v 抽出（时间，精力），赦免 B fast adj 快速的， C moderate 稳健的，温和的；适度的，中等的；有节制的 D moral adj 道德的 3.All the memories of his childhood had _______ from his mind by the time he was 65. A.faded B.illustrated C.confined D.concerned 他到了65岁是时候，对所有的童年往事的记忆都慢慢的消退了。 答案：A A fade 褪色，消退 B illustrate 举例说明，图解 C confine 限制，禁闭分娩 E.g. He did not confine himself to the one language. 他没把自己局限于这一门语言。 D concern 关心，担心，涉及 4.This river is so big that it is impossible to build a _______ under it without modern technology.
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