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(完整版)高考英语阅读理解七选五解题技巧

高考英语阅读理解七选五解题技巧

首先要明白：完形填空填的是词，七选五填的是句子。

七选五阅读理解的考生需要在语篇信息存在缺失的情况下，准确理解整篇文章，特别是设题部位前后句的逻辑关系，通过上下文的线索进行判断，预测下文，然后做出正确判断。

命题分析：我们如果把整篇文章看成一个信息群，这个信息群实际上是由两大信息版块构成的：

已知信息：原文在五处空缺之外的没有被挖掉的信息

待选信息：七个待选选项中的信息

这两个信息板块间绝不是孤立的，而是有紧密的互动逻辑关系，连起来是一篇完整的文章。

考试题型对学生的考察能力来看无外乎两个方面：

(1) 把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系

(2) 把握微观信息间关联性(即空格前后句间关系)

解题方法：词汇同现、词汇复现、代词妙用、数字线索、逻辑线索。

其题目常常出现在以下特点：一是描述性结构，主要介绍事物、问题或倾向的特点，因此时间、地点常是出题重点（记叙文）；二是释意性结果，解释某一理论、学科、事物，主要用比喻、类比阐述（说明文）；三是比较性结构，把两个人或事物的功能、特点、优缺点进行对比（议论文）；四是原因性结构，主要分析事物的成因，有客观的、主观的，也有直接的、间接的（说明文）；五是驳斥性结构，主要是先介绍一种观点，然后对其评论或驳斥，再分析其优缺点、危害性，最后阐明自己的观点（议论文）。

具体答题步骤如下：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。

通常有三个四个位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。有时有的答案表述上就是错误的，可以直接从备选项中清除，以降低难度。

步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。

不同的文章有不同的结构形式，确定文章体裁有利于我们确定各段之间的关系。一般说来，记叙文的语言是按时间发展顺序或因果关系排列的，常用的连接词有：then, later, after that, soon, after a while, in the end, so, as a result, because of that等。说明文常采用总-分-总的结构形式，第一段说明要说明的主题，下面几段多是从不同的角度来说明问题，最后总结，所以各段之间多是平行关系，经常出现举例说明的现象。议论文先抛出议题，然后从正反两个方面进行讨论，最后得出结论。新闻体裁的应用文首句为主题句，下面展开细节性的报道。确定文章体裁有利于预测文章各段主要内容和结构形式，形成重要的选择依据。

步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，说明文和议论文这样体裁的文章，每段的第一句多是主题句。找到主题句有助于帮助确定选择的范围，即所选句子必须和该段主题一致。另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。

文章的行文需要通过一定的衔接手段来实现。文章的衔接手段有：重复式用某一词语或子范畴的词语，使用同义语表达，用总称指代具体事物或用具体事物指代整体，使用代词避免重复等。上述方法有助于段落的思路平稳在句子之间过渡。连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语融为一体。段落一致与句子衔接是文章连贯的两个必要因素。

步骤五：区分相似项

七选五备选答案中有两个多余的选项，会对文章中两个空的选择构成干扰，这时要特别细致地比对相似选项，方法和答阅读理解时区分相似项一样。

步骤六：用代入法，检查答案是否合理。

将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。

拿一篇文章来做例子分析具体解题技巧:

Muzak

The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? _____ (71) It’s simil ar to the music you listen to, but it’s not exactly the same. That’s because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don’t even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway.

Quiet bac kground music used to be called “elevator (电梯) music” because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name “Muzak”. About one-third of the people in America listen to “Muzak” everyday. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time，with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon，when people are more tired.______ (72)

If you listen to Muzak carefully，you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don’t want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? _____ (73)

Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. _____ (74)Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.

_____ (75)They say it’s boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another，Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!

A. Some people don’t like Muzak.

B. The music gives them extra energy.

C. Music is playing in the background.

D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.

E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.

F. They ge t as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.

G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.

答案：CBFDA

代词妙用：代词指代前面提到的thing, 所以只要找到与代词含义一致的词就可搞定。

71空格后面出现“It’s similar to the music you listen to，”那么我们只要分析出其中的“it”的具体指代即可，通过题目及略读下文，我们很容易知道该文介绍一种音乐，而且第一段故作悬念，一直未给出其名字，所以我们只要找到选项中包含音乐一词而没有点名缪扎克一词的即可，很容易锁定BC选项，因为B项意义与下文相去甚远，故舍B取C没商量。

75空格后出现“They say it’s boring to hear the same songs all the time.”，同理，我们就要确定“they”的具体指代，首先由于“say”的出现，我们锁定“they”为人的复数，所以轻松锁定ADF，所谓真金不怕火来炼，D显然逻辑不通，F由于其主语也为人，段落第一句永远不会出现意思不明的代词(we，you 除外，因为它们可以明确指代广义的人)，故轻松排除F选出真金A。

72此题虽然不是明显的后文出现代词，但其前亦有代词出现，“It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning，”下文承接上文，肯定有联系，找出“it”的具体指代-the music，轻松选出B项。(注：也可应用词汇复现法)

词汇复现法：情非得已时选择的一种方法，知道与前后文中有词汇重复的选项即可，有时也可指含义一致的词汇，如72

73前文中“but others are happy when their songs are chosen”有“their songs”，F项亦有相同词汇出现，放进去，意思通晓明白，搞定。

74后文中“Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.有”percent more“，D项亦有相同词汇出现，且意思连贯，选出即可。

72题中前句中出现”when people are more tired. “能够与”tired“相对应的四选项中只

有”energy“，累了对应能量，亦可做出此题。

高考英语七选五精选

高考英语七选五精选文档编制序号：[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]

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高考英语专题二七选五Word版含答案

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[考查特点] 1．从题材上来看，类别多，但都与日常生活息息相关。 2．从体裁上来看，说明文依然占主流，但记叙文和议论文也有考查，体现了多样化。 3．从考点分布来看，高频考点主要位于段落内部的位置，即细节句、过渡句、发展句等，段落的主题句为常考点，而段末的结论句偶有考查。 4．从选项设置来看，利用句间的逻辑关系、替代关系及复现关系等命题仍是主要的命题方式，命题人主要考查的是语篇的“衔接”关系。 5．从试题对考生语篇知识的考查来看，试题使用不同题材和体裁的文本，同时，文本的风格和写作手法更加丰富并富于变化。考生在平时的学习中必须进一步强化语篇分析训练。 [解题技法] 解答阅读七选五题目时，方法会因人而异，我们根据题型特点和平时的教学总结了三种比较实用的解题技法：常用技法、快捷技法和稳准技法。这三种技法各有特色，没有优劣之分，只有使用习惯不同。考生可依据自身学情和解题习惯灵活使用，既可以选择其中一种，也可以综合融会使用，适合自己的才是最好的。更何况，这三种技法的解题实质是相通的——均需依照行文逻辑来判断。技巧一依照空格定策略 [增分技法1]空格在段首 [典例](2019·全国卷Ⅲ·片段)17.________ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲) and

高考英语七选五方法技巧总结

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高考英语七选五解题技巧总结教学内容

高考英语七选五解题技巧总结

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