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基础英语模拟样题

中国海洋大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试样题

科目代码： 620 科目名称：基础英语

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 一、词汇（每小题0.5分，共20分）

Directions:Choose the synonymous word or expression for each of the following numbered words.

1. ramification

A. branch

B. stratification

C. twitch

D. hegemony

2. inadvertent

A. accidental

B. improper

C. unconditional

D. conscious

3. subjugate

A. to conquer

B. to subsidize

C. to study

D. to surrender

4. exacerbate

A. bring closer

B. strengthen

C. make worse

D. remove

5. conurbation

A. satellite

B. habitat

C. metropolis

D. palmetto

答案：1. A 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. C

本部分共40小题，词汇难度为八级分级词汇表6000-12000词，相当于张汉熙编的高级英语（1、2册）中的词汇难度，可以参照英语专业四、八级词汇表。

二、语法（每小题1分，共30分）

41. “Were all three people in the car injured in the accident?”

“No,______ only the two passengers who got hurt.”

A. it was

B. there is

C. it were

D. there was

42. Still, beginners have to learn from their mistakes, ______ they?

A. haven’t

B. mustn’t

C. don’t

D. aren’t

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43. She _____ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference.

A. had been

B. must be

C. has been

D. must have been

44. Intellect is to the mind _____ sight is to the body.

A. what

B. which

C. that

D. like

45. “I bought this shirt for 35 yuan yesterday.”

“It’s on sale today for only 30. You should have waited.”

“Oh really? But how _____ I know?”

A. would

B. can

C. did

D. do

答案：41. A 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. C

本部分共30小题，题型、难度与英语专业四级考试中语法测试相当。

三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共50分）

Passage 1

Not long ago, a mysterious Christmas card dropped through our mail slot. The envelope was addressed to a man named Raoul, who, I was relatively certain, did not live with us. The envelope wasn't sealed, so I opened it. The inside of the card was blank. Ed, my husband, explained that the card was both from and to the newspaper deliveryman. His name was apparently Raoul, and Raoul wanted a holiday tip. We were meant to put a check inside the card and then drop the envelope in the mail. When your services are rendered at 4 a.m., you can't simply hang around, like a hotel bellboy expecting a tip. You have to be direct.

So I wrote a nice holiday greeting to this man who, in my imagination, fires The New York Times from his bike aimed at our front door, causing more noise with mere newsprint than most people manage with sophisticated black market fireworks.

With a start, I realized that perhaps the reason for the 4 a.m. wake-up noise was not ordinary rudeness but carefully executed spite: I had not tipped Raoul in Christmases past. I honestly hadn't realized I was supposed to. This was the first time he'd used the card tactic. So I got out my checkbook. Somewhere along the line, holiday tipping went from an optional thank-you for a year of services to a Mafia-style protection racket.

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Several days later, I was bringing our garbage bins back from the curb when I noticed an envelope taped to one of the lids. The outside of the envelope said MICKEY. It had to be another tip request, this time from our garbage collector. Unlike Raoul, Mickey hadn’t enclosed his own Christmas card from me. In a way, I appreciated the directness. “I know you don't care how merry my Christmas is, and that’s fine,”the gesture said. “I want $30, or I'll ‘forget’to empty your garbage bin some hot summer day.”

I put a check in the envelope and taped it back to the bin. The next morning, Ed noticed that the envelope was gone, though the trash hadn't yet been picked up: "Someone stole Mickey's tip!" Ed was quite certain. He made me call the bank and cancel the check.

But Ed had been wrong. Two weeks later, Mickey left a letter from the bank on our steps. The letter informed Mickey that the check, which he had tried to cash, had been cancelled. The following Tuesday morning, when Ed saw a truck outside, he ran out with his wallet. “Are you Mickey?”

The man looked at him with scorn. “Mickey is the garbageman. I am the recycling.”Not only had Ed insulted this man by hinting that he was a garbageman, but he had obviously neglected to tip him. Ed ran back inside for more funds. Then he noticed that the driver of the truck had been watching the whole transaction. He peeled off another twenty and looked around, waving bills in the air. “Anyone else?”

Had we consulted the website of the Emily Post Institute, this embarrassing breach of etiquette could have been avoided. Under “trash/recycling collectors”in the institute's Holiday Tipping Guidelines, it says: “$10 to $30 each.”You may or may not wish to know that your pet groomer, hairdresser, mailman and UPS guy all expect a holiday tip.

71. The newspaper deliveryman put a blank card inside the envelope because ______.

A. he forgot to write a few words on it

B. he wanted the couple to send it back

C. he used it to ask for a Christmas tip

D. he was afraid of asking for a tip in person

72. From the passage, we learn that the author ______.

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A. didn't like Raoul's way of delivering the paper

B. didn't realize why Raoul delivered the paper that way

C. didn't know that Raoul came very early in the morning

D. didn't feel it necessary to meet Raoul when he came

73. According to the passage, the author felt ______ to give Raoul a holiday tip.

A. excited

B. delighted

C. embarrassed

D. forced

74. Which of the following is CORRECT about Mickey, the garbage collector?

A. He wrote a letter to the couple afterwards.

B. He failed to collect the money from the bank.

C. He wanted the couple to send him a Christmas card.

D. He collected both the cheek and the garbage that day.

75. Ed's encounter with the recycling team shows that ______.

A. Ed was desperate to correct his mistake

B. Ed only wanted to give money to Raoul

C. Ed was unwilling to tip the truck driver

D. Ed no longer wanted to give them money

答案：71. C 72. B 73. D 74. B 75. A

本部分共5篇文章，25小题，文章难度相当于英语专业四级--八级水平。

四、完型填空（每空1分，共20分）

Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened ____(96). As was discussed before, it was not ____(97) the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic ____(98), following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the ____(99) of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution ____(100) up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading on through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures into the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so.

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96.［A］between ［B］before ［C］since ［D］later

97.［A］after ［B］by ［C］during ［D］until

98.［A］means ［B］method ［C］medium ［D］measure

99.［A］process ［B］company ［C］light ［D］form

100.［A］gathered ［B］speeded ［C］worked ［D］picked

答案：96. A 97. D 98. C 99. B 100. B

本部分共20个选择题，文章难度相当于英语专业四级--八级水平。

五、校对改错（每小题1分，共10分）

Directions:The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it.

The Seattle Times Company is one newspaper firm that

has recognized the need for change and done something about

it. In the newspaper industry, papers must reflect the diversity

of the communities to which they provide information.

It must reflect that diversity with their news coverage or risk (1)____

losing their readers' interest and their advertisers' support.

Operating within Seattle, which has 20 percents racial (2) ____

minorities, the paper has put into place policies and

procedures for hiring and maintain a diverse workforce. The (3) ____

underlying reason for the change is that for information to be

fair, appropriate, and subjective, it should be reported by the (4) ____

same kind of population that reads it.

答案：1. It应改为They。

2. percents应改为percent。

3. maintain应改为maintaining。

4. subjective应改为objective。

本部分共10个小题，难度相当于英语专业四级--八级水平。

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六、写作（共20分）

Write a composition of about 300 words on the following topic:

Education as a Lifelong Process

范文参考：

What is education in present-day society? Some people still cling to the idea that education means going to schools or colleges. In their eyes, the sole purpose of the scholastic education is to secure good jobs and guarantee a life-long well-being. However, such traditional conception of education has been rejected as outdated by more and more people, who view education as a life-long process. Personally, I side with the latter, in the belief that the new concept of education makes a great deal of sense to modern people.

In the first place, the sort of formal education, or schooling, is no longer adequate for our profession. In an era of information explosion, it is imperative that we update our knowledge constantly. We may acquire a lot of expertise in schools or colleges. We may also find ourselves well tailored for the posts we hold after graduation. However, we still soon feel out of place if we rest content with what we already have. Just take the operation of computers for example. The software is upgraded at very quick intervals. For an employee who depends heavily on computer operations, the failure to keep pace with the development of the software will put him or her on the verge of unemployment. No doubt, this is also true of any other field. A professor of linguistics must acquaint himself with the state of art if he wishes to maintain his academic post. A lawyer needs to get informed of the latest modifications of the law if he does not choose to lose his clients. Admittedly, education can be job-oriented. But what is at the core of the issue is that for the sake of job holding and job jumping, we cannot afford to educate ourselves once and for all.

Equally important, the sort of fixed schooling cannot satisfy the growing needs of our daily life, either. For a start, we may consider the need of accessing the resources on the internet. As far as I myself am concerned, I had no relevant lessons when I was in college. I took to playing chess after I began to work, yet I did not

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always have good partners. Later I was told I might find some on the internet, which was, however, all Greek to me at that time. So I attended some training classes and finally was able to enjoy myself in the wonderful “world”. There are always new needs, to be sure, such as the need to drive a private car, the need to raise pets, the need to go abroad, and what not. For all those needs, we must take relevant courses or teach ourselves. A modern man is by definition one who can always take advantage of modern science and technology. If a person does not learn to make a code phone, purchase goods with credit cards, etc., he will fail to be modern. He will be handicapped in one way or another, for he will lose the ability to embrace the whole of the modern world.

From the discussion above, we are now in a position to conclude that education, which is of lasting significance to our life and work, should extend throughout our lifetime. One is never old to learn. Or one lives to learn. Mottoes of this kind are educational. To me, these proverbs have taken on a modern sense. That is, we do not simply learn life experiences all our life; we also acquire, at all stages of life, knowledge of all sorts for both vocational and recreational purposes.

附评分标准：

本部分满分为20分。

评分标准采用总体评分方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分，而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。

评分标准共分6个等级。阅卷人员根据评分标准首先确定所评作文的等级，然后视情况再决定具体分数。

评分标准如下：

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