翻译练习
1．中国人民不用多久就会变得富裕起来。
It won’t be long before the Chinese people will become well off．
2．一般人要到失去他们所拥有的一切时，才会珍惜他们所拥有的一切。
People at large do not appreciate what they have after they lose it．
3．我们只消研究一下爱迪生所做出的杰出发现就可以看到其重大意义。
We have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery made by Edison and see the significance of it．
4．即使商品质量好，也不能漫天讨价。
Even quality goods must have a price limit．
5．我们把狄更斯的成功归功于他高尚的感情。
We owe Dickens’ success to his noble feelings．
6．在晚会上，邀请一位外国老师为我们唱
几首民歌。
At the party a foreign teacher was required to sing some folk songs for us．
7．最近人口统计显示中国人口已超过十亿。
The latest census shows that China’s population has surpassed one billion．
8．多年的教学经验，帮助我改变了主意。
Years of teaching experiences has helped me to change my mind．
9．写作的技巧比起其他艺术的技巧来相当困难。
The technique of writing is rather difficult comparing with that of the other arts．
10．与其一知半解，不如全然不知。
One may as well not know a thing at all than know it but imperfectly．
11．被人拿走的书是我的，不是她的。
The book having been taken away is mine，not hers．
12．张太太也被风吹病了。
Mrs．Zhang was also blown sick by the wind.
13．这个省矿产很丰富。
The province’s minerals are rich.
14．到20岁那年，他也没有向家长告别就参了军。
By the time he was twenty，he joined the army without so much as saying goodbye to his parents．
15．等我们的老师从国外回来，我们就要做完我们的工作了。
We shall finish our work by the time our teacher returns from abroad．
16．虽然识字是很好的一件事，但是，按鲁迅的说法，还有一个弊端。
Although literacy is something very desirable，it has，according to the words of Lu Xun，a drawback．17．“随身听”为学习外语提供了方便。
Learning foreign languages has been facilitated by Walkmans．
18．这个女孩十分紧张，当那个男人吻她时，她不知道如何办才好，她又激动又害怕。
The nervous girl didn’t know how to do with herself when the man kissed her；she was so excited and fearful．
1．由于失业率增高，美元币值下降，股票市场处于困境之中，经济问题将是总统所面临的最严峻的考验。
With unemployment rate high，the dollar value low and the stock market in distress，the economy problem will be the President’s sternest trail．
2．一到南京，我的朋友就在机场等着接我。
On arriving at Nanjing，my friend was waiting for me at the airport．
3．尽管是一个大学生，小郑连一封英文信都写不好。
In spite of a college student，Xiao Zheng cannot write an English letter properly．
4．20年来，中国的科学家们为祖国做出了贡献。
In the past twenty years，the Chinese scientists did great service to their motherland．
5．在这座小村落中，他被人们看成是一个聪敏的人。
In this small village，he is passed for a wise man．
6. 他们想问题做事情的方法，他们的历史习惯跟我们不同。
The way they think，the way they do things and their historical habits are different from ours．7．今年春天由党中央召开的全国科学大会，动员全国人民为祖国的科学、技术现代化而努力。
The National Science Conference convened this spring by the Party Central Committee sparked off the
entire naition to dig in towards the modenization of science and technology．
8.夜已很深了。
The night is very deep．
9.他们成不了什么气候。
They cannot become weather．
10. 我们应该记住老一辈科学家们为成功研制“两弹”而努力奋斗的那些日日夜夜。
We should keep in mind the days when scientist of the older generation successfully developed the atomic
and hydrogen bombs．
11. 我们就把这个方法建立在更加自觉的基础之上了。
We established this method on the basis of more consciousness．
12．中国人民一定能胜利。
The Chinese people will surely win．
13. 他告诉他父亲，他第二天该起得早。
He told his father that he should get up earlier the next morning．
14．李先生就要和他的同事们告别了。他与他们一道工作很长时间，因此大家不愿让他离开这里。
Mr．Li was about to say good-bye to his colleagues. He had worked with them for a long time．So，all of
them were not willing that he would leave here．
1．请到休息室去喝杯咖啡。 Please go to the restroom to have a cup of coffee. 2. 红眼 red eye
3. 日本以温泉驰名。Japan boasts warm springs.
4. 我通常睡得很晚。I usually sleep very late.
5. 我们是１９９７级的学生。 We are students of the 1997 grade.
6. 凶宅 fearful mansion
7. 这是一块鱼化石。This is a fish fossil.
8. 看，彼特，字典上是这么说的。Look here, Peter. It is said by the dictionary.
9. 那个老头是从后门进去的。 The old man entered from the back door.
10. 祝你大功告成。I wish you complete success!
11. 这件衣服穿在她身上很好看。This dress is looked nice on her.
12. 没人帮他。He has no one to help.
13. 我将考考你的判断力。I’ll examine your judgm ent.
14. 因为下雨，我花了两个小时才到家。Because of the rain, I spent two hours to get back home.
15. 钱花了我们还可以挣回来。When money is spent, we can earn it back.
16、老人靠打鱼为生。The old man made a living by catching fish.
1.我有一个舒适的家。
[误] I have a cozy family.
[正] I have a cozy home.
family 和 home 虽然翻译成汉语时都是“家”，但它们在英语中却不是同义词。family 主要指家庭成员；
而 home 主要指居住地，即“住宅”。原文中用“舒适的”来修饰“家”，显然是指“舒适的房子”。如果原文是“我有一个和睦的家”，就应该翻译成 I have a harmonious family 了。
电车上十分拥挤，几乎没有立足之地。
[误] The tram was so crowded that there was hardly sufficient room for you.
[正] The tram was so crowded that there was scarcely sufficient room for you.
注：副词 hardly 和 scarcely 虽然都含有“几乎不”等否定含义，有些时候也可以互换，如：I could hardly/scarcely recognize her（我几乎认不出她来了），但仍有细微的差异。如在强调数量“不足”时只能用 scarcely，这时它常与 enough、sufficient等词连用。
汉语是我们的母语。
[误] Chinese is our mother language.
[正] Chinese is our mother tongue.
注：tongue 除了指“舌头”，还可以用来指“语言，方言”，如 the Spanish tongue 并非指“西班牙舌头”，而是指“西班牙语”。我们常说的有“语言天赋”，英语里相应的表达是 the gift of tongues。
“母语”在英语中用 mother tongue 表达，还可以说 parent language 或 linguistic parent，但 mother language 的说法却是不地道的。
我在新闻片里看到你站在总裁的身旁。
[误] I saw you stand by the president in the newsreel.
[正] I saw you stand beside the president in the newsreel.
注：stand by someone 的意思是“支持某人”（to support someone）；to stand beside someone 才是“立于某人旁边”（to stand by the side of someone）。但是，如果 stand by 后面的宾语不是人，那倒是可以与 stand beside 互换，表示“在...之旁”，例如：Their house stands by a forest（他们的房子在森林旁边）。除此之外，stand by 还有“袖手旁观”之意，例如：How can you stand by and watch while your allies are attacked？（当你们的盟友受到攻击时，你们怎能袖手旁观呢？
宁做鸡头，不做凤尾。
[误] Better be the head of a cock than the tail of a phoenix.
[正] Better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion.
注：每种语言中都有许多约定俗成的表达，没有什么道理好讲，但使用时则需遵照各自的语言习惯。中文是“鸡头”和“凤尾”比，而英语中却要用“狗头”和“狮尾”。
我没料到这个无耻的女人居然同她好友的丈夫调情。
[误] I had not expected that this shameful woman should flirt with her best friend's husband. [正] I had not expected that this shameless woman should flirt with her best friend's husband.
那本书毫无价值可言。
[误] That book is invaluable.
[正] That book is valueless.
想让他答应这样的要求恐怕不大可能。
[误] I'm afraid it is impossible for him to agree to such a request.
[正] I'm afreaid it is unlikely for him to agree to such a request.
注：impossible 表示“完全不可能”，所以与原文有出入。在英语中，probable 表示的可能性最大，其次是 possible，再次是 likely。而常用的句式为 it is probable/possible/likely for sb. to do sth.，或 sb. be likely to do sth.。
中国足球队击败了日本队，从而取得了参加半决赛的资格。
[误] The Chinese football team beat the Japanese team, and is qualified to play in the half-finals. [正] The Chinese football team beat the Japanese team, and is qualified to play in the semifinals. 注：semi- 是英语里的一个前缀，表示“半”，例如：automatic 是“自动的”，那么 semiautomatic 就表示“半自动的”；diameter 指“直径”，那么 semi-diameter 就指“半径”；monthly 指“月刊”，那么 semi-monthly 就表示“半月刊”。以上这些都跟 semifinal（半决赛）一样，是约定俗成的
夏天要多喝白开水。
[误] You should drink more white boiled water in summer.
[正] You should drink more plain boiled water in summer.
注：“白开水”不是指“水的颜色是白色”，而是指“水中没有添加其他的东西”。而 plain 正是指“没掺杂其他东西的，单纯的”，所以能确切表达原文的含义。
对不起，我把课本忘在家里了。
[误] Sorry, I forgot my textbook at home.
[正] Sorry, I left my textbook at home.
注：原文中的“忘”是指“落在家里”的意思，不能翻译成英文的 forget，而应用表示“把...留在某地，丢下，落下”等的意思的 leave。
现如今，由于出国深造的人越来越多，“海龟（归）派”也不像原来那样吃香了。
[误] Nowadays as more and more people study abroad, the overseas students are not so popular as before.
[正] Nowadays as more and more people study abroad, the returnees are not so popular as before. 注：“海龟（归）派”是指那些在国外留学以后又回来的人，是个非常形象的新名词。但 overseas student 是指正在国外学习的“留学生”，意思正好相反，所以要换成 returnee。这个词本身就包含在海外学习过的意思。
正如中国的一句俗话：“笨鸟先飞”。
[误] As an old Chinese saying goes, "Stupid birds have to start flying early."
[正] As an old Chinese saying goes,"Clumsy birds have to start flying early."
注：“笨鸟先飞”常用来比喻那些能力差的人，因为做事怕落后，所以就提前行动。这里的“笨”并非stupid（智力低下的，愚蠢的）的意思，而用 clumsy（笨拙的，不灵巧的）更恰当。
每节课老是都会点名。
[误] The teacher will call our names in every period of class.
[正] The teacher will call the roll in every period of class.
注：英语的“点名”是 call the roll，而 call one's name(s)的意思是“谩骂某人”。roll 有“名册”的意思，又如：remove sb.'s name from the roll（把某人除名）。
在皎洁的月光下，那个花花公子在我耳边悄悄说着情话。
[误] The playboy whispered love words to my ear with a bright moon in the sky.
[正] The playboy whispered sweet nothings to my ear with a bright moon in the sky.
注：因为“情书”是 love letter，“情歌”是 love song，所以不少人以为“情话”就应该是 love words，其实并非如此。英语中“情话”常用 lovers' prattle 或 sweet nothings 来表达。prattle 有“孩子话，废话”的意思，所以 lovers' prattle 指“恋人之间孩子气的废话”；sweet nothings 更是一目了然，有“甜蜜而不中用”的意思。
她和男朋友吵了一架，冒着大雨跑了出去。
[误] She quarreled with his boyfriedn and ran out in the big rain.
[正] She quarreled with his boyfriedn and ran out in the heavy rain.
注：汉语中的“大”可以修饰很多名词，如“大风”、“大浪”、“湿气大”等，但在英语里却不能一一对应。例如，“大雨”就不能译成 big rain，因为那会被人误以为是雨点大，而不是雨大。英美人形容雨大习惯用“重”（heavy），heary rain（大雨），heavy clouds（云雾大），heavy moisture（潮气大）等，这也许是因为他们认为有些事物用重量来衡量比用体积更好吧。
海伦就像一只骄傲的公鸡，从来不爱搭理别人。
[误] Helen is proud as a cock, and she never talks to others.
[正] Helen is proud as a peacock, and she never talks to others.
注：“孔雀”在中国人眼里是美丽和吉祥的象征，而公鸡因为常把头昂得高高地，尾巴翘到了天上，摆出一副盛气凌人的架子，因此成了“骄傲”的化身。但西方文化不注重孔雀美丽的一面，认为它们很骄傲，所以英美人在形容一个人骄傲、狂妄和爱慕虚荣时，就把他（她）比作 peacock。
因为没有吃的，那个索马里的小男孩瘦得像猴子。
[误] That Somali boy is as thin as a monkey because of the lack of food.
[正] That Somali boy is as thin as a shadow because of the lack of food.
注：同一事物，在不同的文化里可能引起不同的联想，具有不同的内涵。所以，在一种语言中用这种事物作比喻，而在另一种语言中很可能会有不同的表达。这样的例子中英文还有很多，例如：as timid as a hare （胆小如鼠），as strong as a horse（力大如牛），as poor as a church mouse（一贫如洗）等。
给他当二把手我看也值得。他太能干了。
[误] I feel it worth being a second hand to him. He is so capable.
[正] I feel it worth playing second fiddle to him. He is so capable.
注：英语的 second hand 作名词指“中间人”、“旧货”或“助手工人”，而汉语的“二把手”是“副手”，即“第二负责人”的意思，所以二者不是一回事。play second fiddle 则源于管弦乐队中第一提琴手（first violin）不在的时候由第二提琴手负责，并被人们引申为“当主要领导人的副手”，也就是我们所说的“当第二把手”。由此，不难猜出“当一把手”译成英语应该是 paly first fiddle了。
哈罗得挥金如土，没有一点积蓄。
[误] Harold spends money like dirt, and has no savings.
[正] Harold spends money like water, and has no savings.
注：英国是一个岛国，离不开水；而我们中国的许多地区深处内陆，人们的生活离不开土地。所以，英语中有许多习语与“水”有关，而汉语却常常拿“土”作比。这就是为什么同样是比喻花钱浪费，大手大脚，英语是 spend money like water，而汉语却是“挥金如土”。此外，英语中还有很多有关船和水的习语，例如：rest on one's oars（暂时歇一歇），keep one's head above water（奋力图存），be all at sea （不知所措）等等。
每次考试来临的时候，约翰就变成了一只夜猫子，但这并不是一个好的学习方法。
[误] John becomes a night cat every time the examination is coming. However, this is not a good way to learn.
[正] John becomes a night owl every time the examination is coming. However, this is not a good way to learn.
1．由于失业率增高，美元币值下降，股票市场处于困境之中，经济问题将是总统所面临的最严峻的考验。
[初译]With unemployment rate high，the dollar value low and the stock market in distress，the economy problem will be the President’s sternest trail．
[分析]英语较少使用范围词，所以译文中的“rate”、“value”和“problem”都应该去掉。
2．一到南京，我的朋友就在机场等着接我。
[初译]On arriving at Nanjing，my friend was waiting for me at the airport．
[分析]“0n arriving…”和主句的主语“my friend”不一致，因此这种译法不能成立。应改译为：On arriving at Nanjing, I found my friend waiting for me at the airport．
3．尽管是一个大学生，小郑连一封英文信都写不好。
[译文]In spite of a college student，Xiao Zheng cannot write an English letter properly．
[分析]“in spite of”有时译为“尽管”，但其深层含义是“不为困难或障碍所阻”，亦即“全然不顾”。所以，用在这句的译文中是不合适的。应改用Though(he is)…
4．20年来，中国的科学家们为祖国做出了贡献。
[初译]In the past twenty years，the Chinese scientists did great service to their motherland．
[分析]“In the past-q：时间段”，要求主句用现在完成时。因此，句中的“did”应改为“have done”。
5．在这座小村落中，他被人们看成是一个聪敏的人。
[初译]In this small village，he is passed for a wise man．
[分析]“to pass for”的意思是“被人们认为是……”，不能使用被动语态，因为它本身已包含被动的意思。像这种本身内含被动意味的词组还有很多，例如：
to abide by(遵守)，to abound with(in)(充满)，to accord with(符合)，to add up to(总起来意味着)，to brim over with(充满)，to come in for(受到)，to come to light(被发现)，to consist in(存在于)，to date back
t()(要逛溯到)，to depend on(取决于)，to descend to(遗留给)，to go by the name of…(被称之为)，
to go for(被认为是)，to make for(有助于)，to result in(导致)，to treat of(主要是论述……)等等。
6.我校目前尚未设博士点。
[译文]Our university hasn’t yet had any doctoral programs．
[分析]“博士点”中的这个“点”字，看似明确，实际上是颇模糊的。这里译为“program”，译得相当成功
7.做生意就得动真格的，决不能当儿戏。
[译文]In doing business we must play for keeps．It’s no joking matter．
8.“别跟我哭穷了，我还不知道你的底细?”
[译文]“Stop poor-mouthing to me．I have your number．”
[分析]此句中的“哭穷”和“底细”都是意义笼统的词。“哭穷”是指“故意推说自己没钱以掩盖其经济实力”。“底细”是指“真实情况”。上面的译文既译出了它们的真实含义。
9. 我们相信用不了多久我们的产品就会走向世界。
[译文]We believe that it will not be long before our products go global(are internationally recognized)．[分析]“走向世界”虽字义明确，但英译表达却必须地道而且有分寸。有人译为“go to the world",就不太合乎逻辑，因为仿佛使人觉得，中国好像不属于这个世界似的。外刊表达同样的含义使用“go global”这个短语，分寸把握得很好。也可译为：“Our products will find their way into world market．”
他们想问题做事情的方法，他们的历史习惯跟我们不同。
[初译]The way they think，the way they do things and their historical habits are different from ours．
[分析]英语中无“historical habits”这种说法，所以应把“历史习惯”译为“traditional habits”。
5．今年春天由党中央召开的全国科学大会，动员全国人民为祖国的科学、技术现代化而努力。
[初译]The National Science Conference convened this spring by the Party Central Committee sparked off the entire naition to dig in towards the modenization of science and technology．[分析]译文用词不仅要准确、生动，而且还要注意语境，比如文体的风格、人物的语言风格等。这一句汉语，明显是比较正式的政论文体或新闻文体，而“spark off”和“dig in”两个短语是口语体表达，用在这里显然不合适。应分别改为书面体表达：“mobilized”和“work for”。
8. 我们无法向人民交待。
[分析]汉语中的“向……交待”可能含有三种意思：一是“布置任务”或“嘱托事情”，二是“坦白错误或罪行”，三是“解释说明”。这句汉语肯定是第三种意思。因此译为：
It would be difficult for us to account for it to the people．
We will not be able to justify ourselves to the people．
We can’t present the case to the people．
We can’t face our own people．
5.夜已很深了。
[分析]初学翻译的人一看到这个汉语句子，可能马上会想到
“deep”这个对应词。把原文译为：The night is very deep．(注：可以译成：It is already deep night.)而正确的译文应是：The night is well advanced／is growing late／has grown old．
．他们成不了什么气候。
[分析]如译为“They cannot become weather．”英、美读者肯定会丈二和尚摸不着头脑。按照汉语的真实含意，宜变通译为：
They cannot prevail．
They cannot hold sway．
They cannot have their way．
4.
我们应该记住老一辈科学家们为成功研制“两弹”而努力奋斗的那些日日夜夜。
[初译]We should keep in mind the days when scientist of the older generation successfully developed the atomic and hydrogen bombs．
[分析]“successfully”在这里是赘词。因为既然已经研制出来，当然是成功的了。汉语中不少这样
的表达译成英语时都可省掉“successfully”，如“成功召开了……”、“成功举办了……”、“成功建造了……”等等我们就把这个方法建立在更加自觉的基础之上了。
[初译]We established this method on the basis of more consciousness．
[分析]这种译文是典型的“中国式英语”，字对字地死译，实际是破坏了原文意思的表达。改译为：We thus employed this method much more consciously．(“基础”不再译出)
又如：“在他们自愿基础上，好心地帮他们学习。”译为：
Given their willingness，it is our duty sincerely to help them study．(此句中，“基础”也不必译出) 8．中国人民一定能胜利。
[初译]The Chinese people will surely win．
[分析]“will win”的份量已够，再加上surely反而削弱了力量，使人觉得说话人自己就有点吃不准。9．他告诉他父亲，他第二天该起得早。
[初译]He told his father that he should get up earlier the next morning．
[分析]读者弄不清谁该起得早，因为第二个he指谓不清。
改译为：
He told his father：“I shall get up earlier tomorrow．”
He said to his father：“You’11 have to get up earlier tomorrow．’，
10．李先生就要和他的同事们告别了。他与他们一道工作很长时间，因此大家不愿让他离开这里。[初译]Mr．Li was about to say good-bye to his colleagues. He had worked with them for a long time．So，all of them were not willing that he would leave here．
[分析]这又是一句典型的中国式英语。由于机械地按顺序翻译，不但句子零乱，而且没能把原文的精髓表达出来。改译为：Mr．Li had worked so long with his colleagues here．To their regret，he was about to say good-bye to them．
1．由于失业率增高，美元币值下降，股票市场处于困境之中，经济问题将是总统所面临的最严峻的考验。
With unemployment rate high，the dollar value low and the stock market in distress，the economy problem will be the President’s sternest trail．
2．一到南京，我的朋友就在机场等着接我。
On arriving at Nanjing，my friend was waiting for me at the airport．
3．尽管是一个大学生，小郑连一封英文信都写不好。
In spite of a college student，Xiao Zheng cannot write an English letter properly．
4．20年来，中国的科学家们为祖国做出了贡献。
In the past twenty years，the Chinese scientists did great service to their motherland．
5．在这座小村落中，他被人们看成是一个聪敏的人。
In this small village，he is passed for a wise man．
6. 他们想问题做事情的方法，他们的历史习惯跟我们不同。
The way they think，the way they do things and their historical habits are different from ours．
7．今年春天由党中央召开的全国科学大会，动员全国人民为祖国的科学、技术现代化而努力。The National Science Conference convened this spring by the Party Central Committee sparked off the entire naition to dig in towards the modenization of science and technology．
8.夜已很深了。
The night is very deep．
9.他们成不了什么气候。
They cannot become weather．
10. 我们应该记住老一辈科学家们为成功研制“两弹”而努力奋斗的那些日日夜夜。
We should keep in mind the days when scientist of the older generation successfully developed the atomic
and hydrogen bombs．
11. 我们就把这个方法建立在更加自觉的基础之上了。
We established this method on the basis of more consciousness．
12．中国人民一定能胜利。
The Chinese people will surely win．
13. 他告诉他父亲，他第二天该起得早。
He told his father that he should get up earlier the next morning．
14．李先生就要和他的同事们告别了。他与他们一道工作很长时间，因此大家不愿让他离开这里。
Mr．Li was about to say good-bye to his colleagues. He had worked with them for a long time．So，all of
them were not willing that he would leave here．
1.目前我们国内正在进行改革。我是主张改革的，不改革就没有出路。
China is now carrying out a reform. I am all in favor of that. There is no other solution for us.
2.社会主义中国应该用实践向世界表明，中国反对霸权主义、强权政治，永不称霸。
Socialist China should show the world through its actions that it is opposed to hegemonism and power politics and will never seek hegemony.
3.外商在开发区的投资越来越多，进出口贸易也随之增加。
Foreign investments are on the rise in the Development Zone, so are imports and exports.
4. 去年有50个社区获“文明社区”称号，今年又将有20个社区获此殊荣。
Last year 50 communities were named as “civilized community”; this year, 20 more will be given the title.
5. 我,已经是一个中年的人了。一到中年,就有许多不愉快的现象,眼睛昏花了,记忆力减退了,头发开始秃脱而且变白了,意兴,体力,什么都不如年青的时候,常不禁会感到难以名言的寂寞的情味。 (夏丏尊:《中年人的寂寞》)
I am already a middle-aged man.At middle age,I feel sad to find my eyesight and memory failing,my hair thin ning and graying,and myself no longer mentally and physically as fit as when I was young.
I often suffer from a nameless loneliness. (张培基译)
1．中国人民不用多久就会变得富裕起来。
[初译]It won’t be long before the Chinese people will become well off．
[分析]“一般将来时态”，用于主句时，从句不再用将来时表示，而应用一般现在时。所以，句中的“will”
要去掉。
2．一般人要到失去他们所拥有的一切时，才会珍惜他们所拥有的一切。
[初译]People at large do not appreciate what they have after they lose it．
[分析]“直到……才……”应译为“not…until…”。句中的“after”改为“until”。
3．我们只消研究一下爱迪生所做出的杰出发现就可以看到其重大意义。
[初译]We have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery made by Edison and see the significance of it．
[分析]“have only to…to see”表示“只消……就可以……”。句中的“and”去掉，改为“to see”。
4．即使商品质量好，也不能漫天讨价。
[初译]Even quality goods must have a price limit．
[分析]物价、工资的最高限额，飞机的上升限度等一般用“ceiling”来表示。而“limit”则可以表示纵向、横向、平面、立体的范围(包括抽象概念)。
5．我们把狄更斯的成功归功于他高尚的感情。
[初译]We owe Dickens’ success to his noble feelings．
[分析]“owe”本来是“欠(债，恩惠等)”的意思。“owe…to…”引申为“应把……归功于……”，可说：We owe our success to the Party．(我们的成功归功于党。)但不能说“We owe
Dickens’ success to…。上面的句子应该用“attribute…to…”，是“认为……来自于……”、“归因于”的意思。改译为：We attribute Dickens’s success to his noble feelings．
把名誉等)归给…，归功于…，认为是靠…的力量，要感谢(某人)。
6．在晚会上，邀请一位外国老师为我们唱几首民歌。
[初译]At the party a foreign teacher was required to sing some folk songs for us．
[分析]“require”是“要求”、“命令”，指提出要求的人有权要对方做某事。如：The students are required to write a composition twice a week．(要求学生每星期写两篇作文。)“request”是“请求”的意思，比ask稍正式一些。如：Professor Zhang was requested to give a lecture on English language．(张教授被请求做一次关于英语惯用法的讲演。)所以上句应译为：At the party a foreign teacher was requested to sing some folk songs for us．
7．最近人口统计显示中国人口已超过十亿。
[初译]The latest census shows that China's population has surpassed one billion．
[分析]“surpass”一般用于超过别人的成绩，速度等。“exceed”则单纯指在数字、程度等方面超过。如：The number of students in this school exceeds 5000．上句应改译为：The latest census shows that China’s population exceeds one billion．
8．多年的教学经验，帮助我改变了主意。
[初译]Years of teaching experiences has helped me to change my mind．
[分析]“experience”作单数是“经验”的意思，用作复数就是“经历”、“阅历”的意思。不少译者容易混淆。
9．写作的技巧比起其他艺术的技巧来相当困难。
[初译]The technique of writing is rather difficult comparing with that of the other arts．
[分析]用“compare with”翻译“和……对比，……”这样的汉语句型时，一般应译为过去分词结构(表被动)。改译为：The technique of writing is rather difficult compared with that of the other arts．
10．与其一知半解，不如全然不知。
[初译]One may as well not know a thing at all than know it but imperfectly．
[分析]“may as well not．．．as．．．”是固定表达，than应换成as.
11．被人拿走的书是我的，不是她的。
[初译]The book having been taken away is mine，not hers．
[分析]“having done”分词完成式不能作名词的后置定语，应改为：The book that has been．．．
12．张太太也被风吹病了。
[初译]Mrs．Zhang was also blown sick by the wind.
[分析]译文从语法角度没有什么大问题，但它只翻译了原文的表面意思，外国人看了会发笑。要抓住深层意思用地道的英语来表达：Mrs．Zhang also fell ill because of exposure to the wind．
13．这个省矿产很丰富。
[初译]The province’s minerals are rich.
[分析]译文语法无错，但英、美人不这样表达。按英语惯用法，改译成：The province is rich in minerals．14．到20岁那年，他也没有向家长告别就参了军。
[初译]By the time he was twenty，he joined the army without so much as saying goodbye to his parents．
[分析]“By+过去的时间”，要求主句使用过去完成时。所以句中的“joined”应改为：“had joined”。15．等我们的老师从国外回来，我们就要做完我们的工作了。
[初译]We shall finish our work by the time our teacher returns from abroad．
[分析]“By+将来的时间”，要求主句使用将来完成时。所以句中的“shall finish”应改为“shall have finished”。16．虽然识字是很好的一件事，但是，按鲁迅的说法，还有一个弊端。
[初译]Although literacy is something very desirable，it has，according to the words of Lu Xun，a drawback．[分析]“according to sb．”即指“按某人的意见，说法，理论等”，所以译文中的“the words”是多余的。17．“随身听”为学习外语提供了方便。
[初译]Learning foreign languages has been facilitated by Walkmans．
[分析]“facilitate”这个词要求名词或动名词作宾语，而且几乎不用被动语态。所以此译文宜改为：Walkmans facilitate learning foreign languages．
又如：“随着现代化发明的出现简化了家务事。”不能译为：Housework is facilitated with the advent of modem inventions．而应译为：Modem inventions facilitate housework．
18．这个女孩十分紧张，当那个男人吻她时，她不知道如何办才好，她又激动又害怕。
[初译]The nervous girl didn’t know how to do with herself when the man kissed her；she was so excited and fearful．
[分析]在表达“不知道怎么办”时，英语不用“not know how to do with”，而必须用“not know what to do with”。
【例１】请到休息室去喝杯咖啡。
[误译]Please go to the restroom to have a cup of coffee.
[正译]Please go to the lobby to have a cup of coffee.
[评析] “restroom”与汉语并不对应，并非表示“休息室”，而是“厕所”。在美国，restroom, bathroom, washroom都是“厕所”的意思，是一种委婉的说法，如果对此文化现象不了解，又不去查字典，就会闹出笑话来。“休息室”可根据语境用crush-room, drawing room, foyer, lobby, retiring room等。
【例２】红眼
[误译]red eye
[正译]pink eye
[正译]to be green-eyed
[评析]汉语里的＂红眼＂与red eye没有任何关系.red eye 在英语里是＂廉价的威士忌酒＂的意思．pink
eye是汉语里所称的＂红眼病＂，指流行性结膜炎或急性传染性结膜炎的俗称；而to be green-eyed是envy 的意思，喻指眼红，忌妒别人的富裕或成功．所以原文应根据语境译为pink eye或者to be green-eyed．
【例３】日本以温泉驰名。
[误译]Japan boasts warm springs.
[正译]Japan boasts hot springs.
[评析]＂温泉＂在英语中不说warm spring，而说hot spring或thermal spring．这和上几例一样从某个侧面反映了两种语言看事物的不同视角．
【例４】我通常睡得很晚。
[误译]I usually sleep very late.
[正译]I usually go to sleep very late.
[评析]汉语的“迟睡”英语须说go to sleep late或go to bed late。而sleep late意为“晚起”，即get up late。文化的不同，看问题的视解不同，表达的角度也不同，应多了解异国文化。
【例５】我们是１９９７级的学生。
[误译]We are students of the 1997 grade.
[正译]We are students of the 1997 enrolment.
[评析]表示上几年级的“级”须用grade。例如：她是二年级的学生。应译为：She is a student in the second grade.所谓１９９７级，１９９８级等的“级”是指在该年份注册入学的意思，应译为enrolment。如果要表示某某年毕业，可用to graduate或graduate。例如：
我们是１９９７届的学生。We are graduates of the 1997.
他是牛津大学１９９８届毕业生。He was(has been) graduated from Oxford in the class of 1998.
【例６】凶宅
[误译]fearful mansion
[正译]haunted house
[评析]汉语说＂凶宅＂，英语要说闹鬼的屋子。如果译为fearful mansion，英美人就不太能理解。
误译：This is a fish fossil.
正译：This is a fossil fish.
“鱼化石”、“鸟化石”一类的英语表达不是fish fossil, bird fossil,而是fossil fish, fossil bird。男婴/女婴却是baby boy/ baby girl。如：
*它们是昆虫化石。
They are fossil insects.
*他们在房间里发现了一个女婴。
They found a baby girl in the room.
2、看，彼特，字典上是这么说的。
误译：Look here, Peter. It is said by the dictionary.
正译：Look here, Peter. The dictionary said so. / It is said in the dictionary.
这里的介词用“by”不妥，应用“in”,类似的如：
*这是中国制造的。
误译：This is made by China.
正译：This is made in China.
3、那个老头是从后门进去的。
误译：The old man entered from the back door.
正译：The old man entered by the back door.
误译是中国式英语。所谓“从后门进去”，应换位思考，变成“由后门进去”或“借着后门（这个通道）进去”，就不难理解该用介词by了。类似的如：
*不能从封面判断一本书。
误译：You can’t judge a book from its cover.
正译：You can’t judge a book by its cover.
4、祝你大功告成。
误译：I wish you complete success!
正译：I wish you success!
*预报advanced forecast ---- forecast
*新办法/新的创新new innovations ---- innovations
*相互合作mutual cooperation ---- cooperation
5、这件衣服穿在她身上很好看。
误译：This dress is looked nice on her.
正译：This dress looks nice on her.
像look, taste, smell等可以用来表示身体某部分感觉的动词，其主语一般是物，它们常与形容词连用，且多用作主动语态。例如：
*These French fried potatoes smell good.
*The milk tastes sour.
6、没人帮他。
误译：He has no one to help.
正译：He has no one to help him.
汉语重意合，英语重形合。误译的句子，语法没有错，但是意思却成了“他想帮别人，可没人可供他帮助。”
7、我将考考你的判断力。
误译：I’ll examine your judgment.
正译：I’ll test your judgment.
一般来说，test指能力测验，examine指专业考试。如：
*我要考考你，你不介意吧？
You won’t mind my testing you, will you?
*她历史考砸了。
She failed in the history examination.
8、因为下雨，我花了两个小时才到家。
误译：Because of the rain, I spent two hours to get back home.
正译：Because of the rain, it took me two hours to get back home.
“某人（主动）花时间去做某事”可以用spend，如果是由于客观原因而不得不花去多少时间做某事则通常不
用spend。如：
*他花许多时间做家庭作业.
He spends much time on his homework.
*他的骨折花了两个月才痊愈.
His broken bone took two months to mend.
9、钱花了我们还可以挣回来。
误译：When money is spent, we can earn it back. 正译：When money is spent, we can make it again.
10、老人靠打鱼为生。
误译：The old man made a living by catching fish. 正译：The old man made a living by fishing.
1．请到休息室去喝杯咖啡。 Please go to the restroom to have a cup of coffee.
2. 红眼 red eye
3. 日本以温泉驰名。Japan boasts warm springs.
4. 我通常睡得很晚。I usually sleep very late.
5. 我们是１９９７级的学生。 We are students of the 1997 grade.
6. 凶宅 fearful mansion
7. 这是一块鱼化石。This is a fish fossil.
8. 看，彼特，字典上是这么说的。Look here, Peter. It is said by the dictionary.
9. 那个老头是从后门进去的。 The old man entered from the back door.
10. 祝你大功告成。I wish you complete success!
11. 这件衣服穿在她身上很好看。This dress is looked nice on her. This dress looks nice on her.
12. 没人帮他。He has no one to help.
13. 我将考考你的判断力。I’ll examine your judgment.
14. 因为下雨，我花了两个小时才到家。Because of the rain, I spent two hours to get back home. Because of the rain, it took me two hours to get back home.
15. 钱花了我们还可以挣回来。When money is spent, we can earn it back.
16、老人靠打鱼为生。The old man made a living by catching fish.
1．请到休息室去喝杯咖啡。 Please go to the restroom to have a cup of coffee.
Please go to the lobby to have a cup of coffee.
2. 红眼 red eye pink eye to be green-eyed
3. 日本以温泉驰名。Japan boasts warm springs. Japan boasts hot/thermal springs.
4. 我通常睡得很晚。I usually sleep very late. I usually go to sleep very late.
5. 我们是１９９７级的学生。 We are students of the 1997 grade. We are students of the 1997 enrolment.
6. 凶宅 fearful mansion haunted house
7. 这是一块鱼化石。This is a fish fossil. This is a fossil fish.
8. 看，彼特，字典上是这么说的。Look here, Peter. It is said by the dictionary. Look here, Peter. The dictionary said so. / It is said in the dictionary.
9. 那个老头是从后门进去的。 The old man entered from the back door. The old man entered by the back door.
10. 祝你大功告成。I wish you complete success! I wish you success!
11. 这件衣服穿在她身上很好看。This dress is looked nice on her. This dress looks nice on her.
12. 没人帮他。He has no one to help. He has no one to help him.
13. 我将考考你的判断力。I’ll examine your judgment.I’ll test your judgment.
14. 因为下雨，我花了两个小时才到家。Because of the rain, I spent two hours to get back home. Because of the rain，it took me two hours to get there.
15. 钱花了我们还可以挣回来。When money is spent, we can earn it back. When money is spent, we can make it again.
16、老人靠打鱼为生。The old man made a living by catching fish. The old man made a living by fishing.
1. 车来了。您先请。
Here comes the car. You go first, please.
Here comes the car. After you.
2.国际饭店欢迎您
International Hotel Welcomes You.
Welcome to International Hotel.
3.欢迎乘坐中国民航，
Welcome you to fly CAAC.
Welcome to fly CAAC.
4.欢迎贵国工商界人士到中国去投资”。
We welcome people from the business community of your country to make investment in China.
People from the business community here in this country are welcome to make investment in China.或ii)We hope that people from the business community here in this country will go and invest in China.
5．这次愉快的旅行将会长久地留在他的记忆里。
This pleasant trip will last long in his memory.
His memory of the pleasant trip will last long.
6．结婚早的人离婚的可能性大
People who get married early have a greater probability of getting a divorce.
People who get married young have a greater probability of getting a divorce.
7．我感到很痛。
I am painful.
I feel great pain.
8．百里挑一。
one in a hundred
one in a thousand
9．干杯！要一饮而尽。
Cheers! Bottom up.
Cheers! Bottoms up.
10．嘿，小伙子，千万别灰心。
Hey, lad, don't lose your heart.
Hey, lad, don't lose heart.
11. 人都是这山望着那山高，对自己的现状没有满意的时候。
Almost all people think that the other mountain is higher than the one he's standing on. They never feel satisfied with what they've already got.
Almost all people think that the grass is greener on the other hill. They never feel satisfied with what they've already got.
12. 别听他们胡说八道，根本就没那回事。
Don't listen to their babbling. Nothing of the sort.
Don't be fooled by their babbling. Nothing of the sort.
13. 别看别人不把她当回事，在家里她可是父亲的掌上明珠。
Although other people never take her seriously, she is the pearl on her father's hand at home.
Although other people never take her seriously, she is the apple of her father's eye at home.
14. 都十点钟了。起床了，懒虫！
It's ten o'clock. Get up, lazy worm!
It's ten o'clock. Get up, lazy bones!
15. 这家商店开辟了休息处，受到顾客的称赞。
This department store has set up a resting-place, much to the customers' appreciation.
This department store has set up a lounge, much to the customers' appreciation.
16. 大家都怀疑汤姆是个间谍。
Everyone doubts that Tom is a spy.
Everyone suspects that Tom is a spy.
17. 我希望你不要拖我的后腿。
I hope that you won't pull my leg.
I hope that you won't hold me back.
18. 学校里，那些长得人高马大的家伙常来找我的麻烦。
At school, those big and strong guys always come to find my trouble.
At school, those big and strong guys always come to pick on me.
19. 原来如此. 一经你解释我就明白了。
So it is. I understand soon after your explanation.
So that's how it is. I understand soon after your explanation.
20. 你不好好学习，还想去牛津上大学。这可真是个不切实际的幻想哟！
You don't study hard, yet you want to go to Oxford. What an impractical illusion!
You don't study hard, yet you want to go to Oxford. What an illusion!
1. 车来了。您先请。
Here comes the car. You go first, please.
Here comes the car. After you.
2.国际饭店欢迎您
International Hotel Welcomes You.
Welcome to International Hotel.
3.欢迎乘坐中国民航，
Welcome you to fly CAAC.
Welcome to fly CAAC.
4.欢迎贵国工商界人士到中国去投资”。
We welcome people from the business community of your country to make investment in China.
People from the business community here in this country are welcome to make investment in China.或ii)We hope that people from the business community here in this country will go and invest in China.
5．这次愉快的旅行将会长久地留在他的记忆里。
This pleasant trip will last long in his memory.
His memory of the pleasant trip will last long.
6．结婚早的人离婚的可能性大
英语翻译练习【精品】
1.这样的事我从来没听说过。I’ve never heard of such a thing before. 2.那边出什么事啦？What’s going on over there ? 3.也许这不是他的错。我们得查一下。【have got to】Maybe it is not his mistake. We’ve got to make some enquiries. 4.乌云遮住了天空，好像要下雨了。Dark clouds have spread over the sky. It looks like rain. 5.让我们把事情再解释一遍，这样每个人都可以明白了。Let’s explain the matter once again, so that everyone can understand it. 6.他抬头一看，见她面带微笑走了过来。He looked up and saw her coming over with a smile on her face. 7.如果你照告诉你的那样去做，你一定会通过考试的。If you do as you are told , you will certainly pass the examination. 8.突然我看到个老妇人跑着穿过马路。【all at once】All at once I saw an old woman running across the street. 9.只要我们团结一致，就可以克服任何困难。If we are united as one ,we can get over any difficulties. 10.在老师和同学们的帮助下，他几乎在各个方面都取得了很大的进步。With the help of his teachers and classmates, he has made much /great progress in almost everything. 11.在他的工作中，出现了许多困难，可是他并没有吓倒。A lot of difficulties arose in his work ,but he was not frightened. 12.别着急，我们有的是时间。【take one’s time】Take it easy ; we’ve got plenty of time. 13.他在学习上仍有一些困难，但他不怕困难，而且正在努力克服它们。She still has some difficulties in her studies, but she is not afraid of them and is trying hard to overcome them. 14.他们采取了一些步骤，这意味着他们国家的人口在以后的二十年内会稳定下 来。They have taken some action. It means that the population of their country will stabilize within the next twenty years.
翻译练习一
《翻译理论与实践》练习一 Part I Multiple Choice （1）The problem of how human speech began is one which men will never stop exploring. A.人类从来不会停止寻找人类语言是怎么起源的。 B.对于人类语言是怎样开始的这个问题，人类的探索永远不会停歇。 C.人类语言是怎样起源的，这是人们永远也不会停止探索的问题。 D.人类的演进是怎么开始的问题是人类从来不愿探索的问题。 （2）Whether we like it or not, all of our fortunes are tied together. A.不管我们喜欢与否，我们的利益是相连的。 B.无论我们喜欢与否，我们所有的命运都是相连的。 C.无论我们是否喜欢，所有的我们幸运都是相连的。 D.假如我们愿意，我们的命运都是相连的。 （3）The introduction of the new technique reduced the cost of the product by two-thirds. A.对新技术的介绍，使产品的成本减少到原来成本的三分之一。 B.新技术的引进使产品的成本减少了三分之二幅度。 C.对新技术的介绍使产品的成本减少到原来成本的三分之二。 D.新技术的引进使产品成本比原来成本减少了三分之一。 （4）Peace and development are the main themes（主题）of the times, an era full of both hope and challenges. A.和平与发展是充满了时代希望和挑战的主题。 B.和平与发展是既充满着希望又充满着挑战的现时代的主题。 C.和平与发展是时代的主题，这是一个充满了希望和挑战的时代。 D.和平与发展是现时代的主题，这个时代既充满着希望，也充满着挑战。 （5）Full-service banks can offer services unavailable at smaller financial institutions. A.全面服务的银行能提供在小财政机构所不能获得的服务。 B.提供全方位服务的银行能提供较小的金融机构所不能提供的服务。 C.充满了服务的银行可能提供给较小的财政机构某些无法获得的服务。 D.全面服务的银行可能提供某种服务，而这种服务是较小的金融机构所不能提供的。 （6）Bicycles were cheaper to purchase and operate than horses, which had to be fed and housed. A.购置和使用自行车比既要喂养又要为其配备马厩的马便宜得多。 B.购买和使用自行车比马便宜，因为马需要喂养，还要有马厩。 C.廉价的自行车比既要饲养有需要房子的马更需要购置和操作。 D.自行车要比马购置和使用起来更廉价，这是一种不得不喂养和供给其房子的马。 （7）I went to a department store upon my arrival in Japan and the price of fruit shocked me. A.我到达日本后，立即失去了一家百货商店，那里的水果价格使我感到震惊。 B.逛了百货商店后不久我即来到日本，我被水果的价格震惊了。 C.当到达日本后，我立即去了一家百货商店，我被水果的价格震惊了。 D.我去了百货商店，在我到达日本时，对当地的水果价格感到震惊了。
状语从句翻译练习：
状语从句翻译练习
1. 他喜欢去有海的地方旅游。 2. 请把这些书放回原处（它们原来所在的地方）。 3. 因为昨晚下雨了，所以地面很湿。 4. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面很湿。 5. 既然大家都明白了，咱们开始吧。 6. 孩子们一边唱歌一边跳舞。 7. 为了能赶上第一班车，他很早就起床了。 8. 他起床很早，结果赶上了第一班车。 9. 他立刻关掉电源以防火灾。 10. 老人气得说不出话来了。 11. 天太热，大家都去游泳了。 12. 假如没有水，会发生什么呢？ 13. 我不会其参加那个聚会的，除非受到邀请。 14. 只要你相信我，我会帮你实现目标的。 15. 一旦你失去信心，就会失去一切。 16. 孩子虽小，可他很懂事。 17. 即使人人都这么说，我还是不愿相信这是真的。 18. 不管你同意与否，我都会选择这所大学。 19. 无论你是谁，都要出示通行证。 20. 无论你走到哪里，我都会和你在一起。 21. 请按照我告诉你的去做这个实验。 22. 他说起话来像个姑娘似的。 23. 我没他跑得快。 24. 他们来得比我们早。 25. 你听英语越多，你的口语就越好。 26 . 当你离开教室的时候，不要忘记关窗和灯。 27. 从两年前离开上海以来，一直住在伦敦。 28. 昨天珍妮一到家，天就开始下雨了。 29. 这个婴儿直到看见他妈妈才停止哭泣。 30. 今天晚上我不去参加聚会了因为我有很多作业要做。 31 因为期末考试还剩下一周的时间了，同学们都很忙。（there be to go） 32 由于这些产品都具备相似的效果，你可以任选一款。 33 他坐到老人的对面以便听得更清楚。（so that） 34.似乎过了好一会儿才轮到我。 35.趁早努力学习。 36.结婚未满月，夫妻已反目。
旅游翻译
1 绪论 近年来，旅游业已经成为中国最具活力且发展最快的产业之一。中国以其美丽的自然风光，悠久的历史和灿烂的文化正吸引着越来越多的外国游客。旅游业是一个综合性的产业，有着丰富的文化内涵。正是由于异域不同的文化气息，才吸引着大批的外国游客来旅游。但在另外一方面, 文化的差异在某些方面又成为旅游的障碍，不同的文化思维和文化视角会造成不可避免的“文化碰撞”, 给旅游活动的开展带来不少困难。旅游翻译是为英语国家读者或懂英语的游客服务的，其目的除了传播信息外，更要吸引游客的注意力，诱发潜在旅游者对旅游目的地文化，人文或自然景观等产生强烈兴趣，激发其购买旅游产品的欲望。这就要求我们在旅游翻译过程中，尽量加强和增进在文化内涵异同的情况下,读(听)者心目中的可理解性，缩短由于缺乏理解甚至误解所产生的障碍和距离。我们应该认识到，文化有着同一性和共通性, 大部分情况下不同文化背景下的人都能够正常的交流，这是主流。因此在旅游业中, 我们应该尽量避免出现文化的“碰撞”促成文化的正常交融，让旅游者感受到异域文化的独特色彩和韵味。所以旅游景点的翻译者必须站在跨文化的高度，从跨文化的视角来对待旅游英语翻译，只有这样才能促进中国旅游业的蓬勃发展。
2旅游翻译中的文化因素 2.1旅游翻译简介 旅游是集多种学科于一身的边缘科学，涉及面既广又杂，从自然科学到社会科学, 从天文地理到风土人情，甚至文化娱乐、吃穿用住，真可谓无所不包，无所不有。因此, 旅游资料也涉及多种知识,多种体裁。旅游资料种类很多,旅游资料指的是那些和旅游相关的资料，包括广告，书信，旅游日程安排及旅游调解书，旅游告示标牌，民族风情画册，景点介绍，通知电讯，有关合同，旅游标语等内容。旅游资料包罗万象，大致可以分成两大类:文化内涵丰富的材料与一般性的材料。此两类又可以细分为七种类型:(1)介绍景点与旅游目的地地理位置与旅游价值的小册子;(2)景区画册;(3)景区风景明信片;(4)旅游地图;(5)旅游杂志;(6)详细介绍单个景点的资料;(7)游客须知/告示，由此可见，旅游资料涵盖了多种信息与知识，文化内涵极其丰富。旅游资料的译文，是跨国界、跨文化的旅游宣传形式，它是传播文化的载体，旅游资料具有信息功能、美感功能、祈使功能，旅游资料的翻译属“呼唤鼓动”文稿，有宣传鼓动、施加影响的功能，这是不可忽视的语用因素。旅游资料的文字介绍以优美的表达方式来传达其诱人的信息，达到令游客心驰神往，欲一睹为快的祈使功能，迎来大批观光览胜的海外游客，促进旅游业的发展。结合中、西文化差异及旅游资料自身的特点，我认为在其翻译中应遵循以下原则：一、以中文旅游资料为本，在翻译时要吃透原文，即要准确传达原文中的信息，又要表现出原文的文化渊源与文化色彩。二、以旅游资料的译文为重点，即译文忠实于原文又不拘泥于原文，灵活运用各种翻译技巧，进行文字的转换与文化的播迁。 2.2旅游文化的介绍 由于不同的国家有着不同的文化，东西方文化在思维方式、传统习俗、价值观念、地理环境、文化心理、等方面存在着较大差异。这些差异会使人们在跨文化交际中产生一些误解，从而出现沟通受阻，合作受挫，交际失败的现象。文化因素可能导致交际失败，但是这并不等于说，文化之间的交流是不可行的。无论何种类型的旅游资料中都包含着丰富的文化内涵，因为旅游和文化有着千丝万缕的联系,提到旅游就必然要涉及旅游文化和文化旅游。旅游创造了文化，文化丰富了旅游，旅游和文化是不可分割的。这就让旅游资料的翻译充满了挑战，旅游英语的翻译是跨文化性质最典型，跨文化特色最
英语翻译练习
1. 我原打算在书店里消磨时间的，但最终买了本有关计算机的书。（end） I had meant/intended/ planned to kill time //I meant/ intended/ planned to have killed time in the bookstore, / but I ended up buying a book on computer. 考点一：end up doing 是固定词组 考点二：原打算做某事（had meant/intended/planned to do = meant/intended/planned to have done) 考点三：本句前后时态要一致，前面是过去完成时+to do 或过去时+to have done, 后面是一般过去时。 2. 如果你采用先进的方法，你就能取得事半功倍的效果。（effort） If you adopt the advanced method, you are able to achieve twice the result with half the effort. 考点一：事半功倍（twice the result with half the effort) 考点二：采用先进的方法（adopt the advanced method) 3.每一位驾驶员开车时都必须牢记，一点点疏忽都可能造成事故。（mind） When driving, every driver must keep/bear in mind that the slightest carelessness will cause an accident. 考点一：keep/bear in mind that 中间不加it 考点二：翻译过程中别漏掉“开车时” 4. 色彩鲜艳的药片可能被孩子们误当成糖果，因此应该把它们放在孩子们拿不着的地方。（thus, accessible） Brightly-colored pills may/can be mistaken for sweets by children, and thus they should be kept where they are not accessible to children. 考点一：被…误当成（be mistaken for) 考点二：thus是副词，不可直接引导句子 考点三：sth. is accessible to sb. 5.他从未想到过他的教育费用将花完他父母的所有积蓄。(occur, drain) It never occurred to him that the expenses for his education would be a great drain on all his parents’ savings 考点一：从未想到过（It never occurred to him that) 考点二：教育费用(the expenses for his education) 考点三drain(n.) a great drain on sth. 6.许多家长发现，很难和自己的孩子交流。(find) Many parents find it difficult to communicate with their own children. 考点一：发现做某事很难（find it difficult to do sth.) 考点二：交流(communicate with ) 7. Tom 是一个合格的大学毕业生，但是他在面试中的表现不尽如人意。(far from)
翻译练习
在交叉路口转弯的时候，我的脚踏车把一位陌生先生的右脚踝压伤了。这位先生一手牵扯着一个刚会走路模样的小男孩，一手牵着一个步履蹒跚的老中风病患者。本来我可以安全避闪。在我惊魂未定，讷讷不知所措的时候，那位先生已牵着小男孩和老者慢慢离去，我愣愣地目送他们，三个脚步迟缓的背景构成一幅感人的画面。我有搁下车子跟上去帮助那位先生的冲动。可是，我一直没有做；我发觉小孩和老者好像那位先生肩上的两头担子，再艰苦他也不肯放下任何一边的。 But all this would count nothing had not the orange such delightful qualities of taste. I dare not let myself go upon this subject. I am a slave to its sweetness. I grudge every marriage in that it means a fresh supply of orange blossom, the promise of so much golden fruit cut short. However, the world must go on. With the orange we do live year in and year out. That speaks well for the orange. The fact is that there is honesty about the orange which appeals to all of us. If it is going to be bad-for the best of us are bad sometimes—it begins to be bad from the outside, not from the inside. How many a pear which presents a blooming face to the world is rotten at the core. How many an innocent-looking apple is harboring a worm in the bud. But the orange has no secret faults. Its outside is a mirror of its inside, and if you are quick you can tell the shopman so before he slips it into the bag.
大学英语四级翻译练习答案
旅游业是最近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个经济部门，现在正引起中国公众愈来愈大的注意。许多人给报社写信，就促进中国的旅游业的发展提出了种种建议。人们的看法是，发展旅游业将有助于促进中国人民和其他国家人民之间的相互了解、增进友谊，并将有利于文化、科学、技术方面的交流。还会有助于为中国的伟大事业积累资金。 参考译文 Tourism,afastdevelopingeconomicsectoroverthelasttwodecadesinallpartsoftheworld,,,andfacilitateexchangesint hefieldofculture,,itwillhelpaccumulatefundsforChina'sgreatcause. 在中国，喝茶是一种仪式(ritual)，一种精致品味(refinedtaste)的展示。人们在饮茶的同时，也领略着(takedelightin)品茶的情趣之意。喝茶聊天是中国人中最流行的打发时间的方式。过去，他们是以进有名的茶馆(teahouse)而开始一天的生活的。中国的茶馆相当于法国的咖啡馆和英国的酒馆。人们到这里不仅是为了喝茶。也是为了议论当地的新闻或对政治话题进行激烈的(furious)争论。 参考译文 ,在中国，小学教育需要花费12年的时间来完成，分为小学、初中和高中三个阶段。小学教育持续5年或6年。在初中阶段，大多数学生上3年制初中，极少数上4年制。几乎98%的学生在前一种学校入学。在小学和初中的9年教育属于义务教育。普通高中教育持续3年时间，在整个义务教育阶段，学生要求在每学期未参加期末考试。 参考译文 InChina,primaryandsecondaryeducationtakes12yearstocomplete,dividedintoprimary,
【英语】英语翻译练习题20篇及解析
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翻译练习
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2011年250句翻译练习(B1U2)
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(英语) 英语翻译专题练习(及答案)
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状语从句翻译练习
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英语翻译练习题及答案
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