文章主旨大意专项练习

12年

C

There is a special kind of hotel in Quebec, Canada. It has a bar, a church, a shop and a small theater. These things are not unusual. But this hotel is only open from January till March every year. Why? Because it is made of ice and snow! When the weather gets warm, the hotel melts(融化) and closes. Every winter, the hotel owners build the hotel again.

Everything in the Ice Hotel is made of ice and snow. All the furniture, such as the tables and chairs, is made of ice. Even the beds are made of ice! So people use special sleeping bags on the ice beds. Inside the ice hotel, the temperature is about 27°F(-3°C)

When people sleep, the sleeping bags keep them warm. In the morning, they can have a hot breakfast. After breakfast, people can enjoy winter activities. They can go skiing or ice fishing. Or they can go skating in the dining room. At the end of the day, people can relax at the bar. They can have drinks in glasses made of ice.

Many people enjoy the Ice Hotel every year. But they can only enjoy it for a short time before it melts again.

49. Every year, this hotel is only open for

A. four weeks

B. about three months

C. two seasons

D. about a year

50. People can go in the dining room after breakfast.

A. skiing.

B. skating .

C. fishing

D. swimming

51. What's the best title of this passage?

A. An Unusual Hotel

B. A Warm Hotel

C. A Common Hotel D An Old Hotel 11年D

How do you pay for things? Do you usually use cash(现金), or do you like to pay by credit card(信用卡)? If you are like a lot of people, you probably have at least one credit card. Also, you might use it more often than you probably should.

Credit cards first became popular in the 1920s, At that time, businesses, such as hotels and companies, gave credit cards to their best customers(顾客). Unlike today's credit cards, customers could only use these cards at the Store or business that gave out the card. Customers had to pay for things in full. They couldn't pay for something a little at a time.

In 1950, a businessman named McNamara started a credit card company — Diners Club. Unlike earlier credit cards, this card could be used by customers at many restaurants. Customers liked the card because they didn't have to carry a lot of cash with them. Restaurant owners liked the card, too. Why? They found out that customers usually spent more money when they could pay by credit card.

In its first year of business, Diners Club issued 200 cards, The customers who got

the cards from the Diners Club could use them at 27 different restaurants. Today, Diners Club has about 8 million customers, and they can use their cards in over 7. 6 million businesses in more than 200 countries.

53. What can we know about the earlier credit cards from the passage?

A. They could be used everywhere.

B. Customers had to pay for things in full.

C. They were very popular before the 1920s.

D. Everyone could get this kind of credit card.

54. The underlined word "issued" here probably means " ".

A. showed

B. took

C. borrowed

D. provided

55. This passage is mainly about .

A. part of the development of credit cards

B. how to use cash

C. the number of people who use credit cards in the world

D. how credit cards help businessmen

10年B

Are you going to high school to go on with your study? What will you do if you can’t? Don’t worry. V ocational (职业的) schools are open for you because our country is in need of people with special skills.

Compared with common high schools, vocational schools have more advantages. Firstly, in order to promote (促进) the development of vocational education, our country spends a lot of money on it. So you need to pay only a smaller half of the school fee (学费). Secondly, in here you have already started learning practical skills that you can use all your life. But some other students may still worry about how to spend the long three years at high schools. Why? Because they didn’t choose the school that suits (适合) them. And finally, when they are still wondering where to go, you are already able to live on your own hands proudly. And perhaps it won’t be long before you are on the road to success.

People take different roads because they have different potentials (潜力). So different students should choose different schools. Go to high school if you think that you can go farther on that road. Choose a key high school if you are lucky enough to have the chance. Enter a vocational school if you are interested in the lessons there and you are better at making things with your hands.

In a word, think carefully and see what kind of person you are. Remember, always choose things that suit you.

46. What does the second paragraph talk about?

A. The future of vocational school.

B. How to learn a skill.

C. The advantages of vocational schools.

D. How to succeed.

47. The underlined word “practical” here means “_____”.

A. fair

B. useful

C. poor

D. safe

48. V ocational school students can _____ than students who choose a high school carelessly.

A. spend more money

B. be more worried

C. get more

D. have fewer chances to succeed

49. What can we learn from the passage?

A. People should take the same road.

B. Key high school students must be good at making things.

C. Clever students are better at using their hands.

D. We should choose things that suit us.

50. This passage is written to _____.

A. advise some students to choose vocational schools

B. talk about the advantages of common high schools

C. discuss how to divide students into different groups

D. compare different schools

09年(C)

We moved to a new area when our son was in Grade Five．Before we moved，we took him to spend half a day at his new school．There he saw his new classmates and teachers．He enjoyed the visit．During the almost l50-kilometer drive home，he told US that he had told some of the students the date when we would move there．And he had also invited them to visit us.

The moving day，a Saturday，was a busy day．But we arrived at our new house at noon．About an hour later，kids began to come and soon one of them invited our son to his house to play for the afternoon．

By the time he returned，he knew where most of the kids lived and all of their family histories．

On Monday mornin9，the door bell rang just before the time he would leave for schoo1．Then it rang again and again．．

By the time he was ready，we had eight young boys waiting to walk to school with him on his first day．They all lived near US．

I asked them if their parents had sent them．The answers surprised and pleased me，“No，we just came so that he would have people to walk with．’’and “It is the right thing to do．’’

The startings of lasting(持续的)friendships were formed(形成)that day．We have lived

here nearly six years and the same group of kids still plays together，goes to parties on weekends together，and surfs together．

I still get thinking how welcoming and kind those kids were．And how lucky my son is to have them as friends！

51．Before the family moved to the new area，the son was taken to his new schoo1 ．

A．to invite the teachers to visit them B．to play with his classmates 【D】

C．to see if the school was far D．to get to know it

52．What did the son know about other kids after they played for the afternoon? 【A】

A．Their living places and family histories．

B．Their family stories and their life．

C．Their school life and family histories．

D．Their living places and family members．

53．In the story，the son went to school on his first day 【C】A．in his father’s car B．on a school bus

C．on foot with other kids D．in another kid’s ca r

54．Which of the following is Right according to the story? 【D】A．The family moved to the new house on Saturday afternoon．

B．The kids visited the house before the family arrived．

C．The son knew the kids well before he got there．

D．The s on was invited to play in a kid’s house later that afternoon．

55．The passage shows US that ．【B】

A．it’s easy to move to a new place

B．it’s kind of people to help a new comer

C．it’s difficult to make new friends

D．it’s better to live i n the same place

08年(A) Old Couple at McDonald’s 麦当劳店里的一对老人

A little old man and his wife walked slowly into McDonald’s on cold winter evening. They took a table near the back wall , and then the little old man walked to the cash register（收银处）to order . After a while he got the food back and they began to open it.

There was one hamburger, some French fries and one drink. The little old man carefully cut the hamburger in half and divided the French fries in two piles（堆）. Then he neatly put the half of the food in front of his wife. He took a sip of the drink and his wife took a sip . “How poor the old people are!” The people around them thought. As the man began to eat his hamburger and his French fries, his wife sat there watching him and took turns to drink. A young man came over and offered to buy another meal for them. But they refused politely and said that they got used to sharing everything.

Then a young lady asked a question of the little old lady. “Madam, why aren’t you eating? You said that you share everything. Then what are you waiting for?” She answered, “The teeth.”

( ) 51. What did the old man order?

A. One hamburger and one drink.

B. Some French fries and two cups of coffee.

C. One hamburger, Some French fries and one drink.

( ) 52. What did they do after they opened the food?

A. They left McDonald’s.

B. They shared the food.

C. They began to look for seats.

( ) 53. What’s the meaning of the phrase “took a sip”?

A. Dank something slowly.

B. Had a rest.

C. Had some snacks.

( ) 54. As the old man began to eat things, his wife sat there .

A. talking with him

B. looking at him quite angrily

C. watching him and took turns to drink

( ) 55. What can we know from the whole passage?

A. The old lady wasn’t hungry at all.

B. The two old people shared the same teeth.

C. The old lady had a toothache.

08年( B ) Just a Quick Nap 只要打个盹儿

Do you feel a little sleepy after lunch? Well, that’s normal. Your body naturally slows down then. What should you do about it? Don’t reach for a coffee! Instead, take a nap.

It’s good to have a daily nap. First of all , you are more efficient（有效的）after napping . You remember things better and make fewer mistakes. Also, you can learn things more easily after taking a nap. A nap may increase your self-confidence （自信）and make you more active . It may even cheer you up. But, there are some simple rules you should follow about taking a nap. First, take a nap in the middle of day, about eight hours after you wake up. Next, a 20-minute nap is best. If you sleep longer, you may fall into a deep sleep. After waking from a deep sleep, you will feel worse. Also, you should set an alarm clock. That way, you can fully relax during your nap. You won’t have to keep looking at the clock so you don’t oversleep.

Now，the next time you feel sleepy after lunch , don’t get stressed . Put your head down, close your eyes, and catch forty winks.

( ) 56. It is to get sleepy for you at noon.

A. normal

B. strange

C. amazing

( ) 57. After taking a nap, you may feel more .

A. stressed

B. confident

C. sleepy

( ) 58. The proper period（一段时间）of time for taking a nap is .

A. as long as you like

B. eight hours

C. about twenty minutes

( ) 59. What can help you have a fully relaxing nap according to the passage?

A. A cup of coffee.

B. A quick meal.

C. An alarm clock.

( ) 60. What is the text mainly about?

A. Why and how to take a nap.

B. Rules to increase your self -confidence.

C. How to make your body slow down.

06年 C

Round eyes, round head, round ears, round body! What is this lovely little animal?

He looks like a bear. But he is not a bear. He' s a KOALA.

People in Australia love koalas and take care of them. They have set up places for them to live safely. No one can kill them for their pretty fur(毛皮)?. When a koala

is born, he has no fur. And he is not as big as your little toe(脚趾)! The mother koala has a pocket in the front of her body. The baby goes into this warm pocket. There he stays for six months.

The koala could not live without a special kind of tree. The tree gives him both his home and his food. For most of the day the koala sleeps in the tree.

At night the koala looks for food. He may go miles to find it He likes only the bark (树皮) and the leaves of the tree. He eats nothing else. And he eats more than two pounds each night！

How lovely the koalas really are!

51. People in Australia_________.

A. keep koalas in their homes

B. put koalas in the tree

C. set up places for koalas to live safely

D. raise baby koalas in their pockets

52. After he is born, the baby koala lives in his mother' s pocket _________.

A. for six days

B. for six months

C. for a night

D. all his life

53. What does the mother koala usually do when her baby is bad?

A. She takes him in her pocket

B. She keeps him on her back.

C. She makes him cry.

D. She beats him.

54. Koalas cannot live without a special kind of tree because ____.

A. they have to keep cool under the tree

B. they eat the fruit on the tree

C. they stay in the tree all the time

D. they live in the tree and get food from it

55. What is the text mainly about?

A. How people in Australia protect koalas.

B. Lovely koalas in Australia.

C. Koalas cannot live without a special kind of tree.

D. The way mother koalas take care of their babies.

05年(C)

Jim, a successful businessman, told the experience of his childhood.

When he was 12, his parents died. He was alone and didn’t get on well with others. People always laughed at him. No one showed kindness to him.

His only friend was a dog named Tige. He gave his dog enough to eat and drink, but sometimes he was not polite to it. He didn’t know that an unkind work sometimes could cut one’s heart like a knife.

One day as he walked down the street, a young lady was walking in front of him. Suddenly one of her bags dropped from her arms. As she stopped to pick it up, she dropped other bags. He came to help her. “Thank you, dear! You are a nice little boy!” she said kindly, smiling.

A special feeling came to him. These were the first kind worlds he had ever heard. He watched her until she went far away, and then he whistled (吹口哨)to his dog and went directly to the river nearby.

“Thank you, dear! You are a nice little boy!” he repeated(重复) the woman’s words. Th en in a low voice he said to his dog!” Tige raised its ears as if it understood.

“Uhum! Even a dog likes it!” he said, “Well, Tige, I won’t say unkind words to you any more.” Tige waved its tail happily.

The boy thought and thought. Finally he looked at himself in the river. He saw a clean nice boy. He was amazed. From then on, he had a new life.

After telling this, the businessman stopped for a while, and then he said, “Ladies and gentlemen, this is the very place where that kind woman planted in me the first seed(种子) of kindness. All of us should learn about kindness. What a great power(力量) it has!”

51. The boy repeated the words “Thank you, dear! You are a nice little boy!”, because _______.

A. he was thinking about the words

B. he didn’t understand t he words

C. he wanted to talk to his dog

D. he liked talking to himself

52. What made the boy start his new life?

A. The people laughing at him.

B. The kind words spoken to him.

C. The hard life.

D. His lovely dog.

53. He was feeling ______ when he whistled to his dog.

A. funny

B. sad

C. lonely

D. excited

54. Which of the following is right according to the passage?

A. He never took good care of his friend, Tige.

B. He usually had many friends around him.

C. He helped a young lady when her bag dropped.

D. He often washed his dirty face in the lake.

55. What’s the best title(题目) of this passage?

A. A Dog and a Boy

B. A Poor Boy’s Childhood

C. A Businessman and a Boy

D. The Power of Kindness

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如何概括文章主旨 在具体解答现代文阅读试题的过程中，首先要总体把握，观其大略，明白文章的主旨（主题或中心思想）；然后，再以主旨映照全文，看一看为表现主旨都使用了哪些材料（选材），又是怎样组织这些材料的（结构），为表现文章主旨还使用了哪些艺术方法（表达技巧），这些艺术方法又是从哪些方面、哪些角度服务于主旨的，对揭示文章主旨又有什么好处，等等。本篇着重从如何概括主旨的角度来介绍一些解题方法。 主旨是指文章的写作意图，它是文章的灵魂。其内涵包括情感态度、精神品质、道理感悟和希望号召等。 在不同体裁的文章中，文章主旨的表现形态是有差异。议论文的主旨即是文章中心论点，在科技说明文中介绍的事物特征或所说明的事理就是文章主旨。在文学作品中，作者通过写人叙事状物所表达出来的某种观点、理解或情感即为文章主旨。 归纳文章主旨最基本的要求是必须首先整体把握全文。要能对所给材料作宏观上的把握，做到对整篇文章了然于胸。这样才能把握文意，领会作者的目的和意图。 近年来，考查分析归纳文主旨的题型主要有以下七种： l．从文中获得了怎样的感悟（启迪）？2．文章的中心论点是什么？3．文章抒发了作者怎祥的思想感情？4．本文揭示了怎样的人生哲理？ 5．作者的态度是什么？ 6．用简洁的语言概括出文章的主旨。7．联系时代背景，说说文中之物的象征意义。 那么怎样才能有效地归纳文章的主旨呢？ 一般有四种方法： 1.中心句提炼法 中心句是指一段话或一篇文章中凝练而又能体现中心的一两处语句。抓住中心句就抓住了文章的筋。中心句一般在文章开头，有的甚至就在第一自然段；当然也有在文章尾段，卒章显志的。我们在阅读时，就要注意抓住那些表明作者立场、观点、情感、态度的句子，如果它能统领全文内容，毫无疑问，那就是文章的主旨了。 2.归纳综合法 绝大部分文章，并不一定有明显的中心句。这就需要归纳综合了。一篇文章，我们把各段落的段意综合起来，然后理清其关系：详与略、铺垫与关键、正与反、映衬与主体等。不论哪种关系，它们都只有一个与写作意图密切相关的中心意思，那就是文章的主旨。 3.背景分析法 文章一般都有明显的时代性，它反映着特定时代的社会生活，同时还反映出特定时代的作者的个性特征。所以，分析组织文章主旨，还要注重作品的时代背景甚至作者的思想背景。 4.形象分析法 以写人为主的文章，往往通过人物形象的刻画来表现主题，分析归纳这类文章的主旨，就应从分析人物形象人手。我们在阅读小说时使用这种方法十分有效。如《孔乙己》，从环境、相关人物、情节及细节等方面综合起来看，可知孔乙己是一个深受封建教育、封建科举制度毒害，抱残守缺、不知变通、迂腐、麻本、受尽人间凉薄、嘲笑，甚至遭迫害的旧读书人的形象。从他的经历与遭遇中不难

如何归纳文章主旨

如何归纳文章主旨 文章主旨是作者在文中表现的中心意思(包括作者的观点、态度等)。理解文章主旨，这是属于把握文章思想内容方面的能力和要求，要求学生能从宏观上理解和分析文章内容的核心。在不同体裁的文章中，文章主旨的表现形态是有差异。议论文的主旨即是文章中心论点，在科技说明文中介绍的事物特征或所说明的事理就是文章主旨。在文学作品中，作者通过写人叙事状物所表达出来的某种观点、认识或情感即为文章主旨。 归纳文章主旨最基本的要求 归纳文章主旨最基本的要求是必须首先整体把握全文。要能对所给材料作宏观上的把握。做到对整篇文章了然于胸。这样才能把握文意。领会作者的目的和意图。 归纳文章的主旨的方法： 一、中心句提炼法 中心句是指一段话或一篇文章中凝练而又能体现中心的一两处语句。抓住中心句就抓住了文章的筋。如《苏州园林》既有各段的中心句，又有全文的中心句：“无论游览者站在哪一个点上，眼前总是一幅完美的图画。”这就是全文的主旨。 中心句一般在文章开头，有的甚至就在第一自然段；当然也有在文章尾段，卒章显志的。我们在阅读时，就要注意抓住那些表明作者立场、观点、情感、态度的句子，如果它能统领全文内容，毫无疑问，那就是文章的主旨了。

二、归纳综合法 大多数文章，并不一定有明显的中心句。这就需要归纳综合了。一篇文章，我们把各段落的段意综合起来，然后理清其关系：详与略、铺垫与关键、正与反、映衬与主体等。不论哪种关系，它们都只有一个与写作意图密切相关的中心意思，那就是文章的主旨。 三、背景分析法 文章一般都有明显的时代性，它反映着特定时代的社会生活，同时还反映出特定时代的作者的个性特征。因此，分析组织文章主旨，还要关注作品的时代背景甚至作者的思想背景。 四、形象分析法 以写人为主的文章，往往通过人物形象的刻画来表现主题，分析归纳这类文章的主旨，就应从分析人物形象人手。 我们在阅读小说时运用这种方法十分有效。如《孔乙己》，从环境、相关人物、情节及细节等方面综合起来看，可知孔乙己是一个深受封建教育、封建科举制度毒害，抱残守缺、不知变通、迂腐、麻本、受尽人间凉薄、嘲笑，甚至遭迫害的旧读书人的形象。从他的经历与遭遇中不难领会到作者的写作意图：在于批判封建科举制度，在于讽刺孔乙己这类人的迂腐麻木，在于批判世态炎凉、人情冷暖，批判那些冷漠、无聊、麻木的看客。 五、意境分析法 象征性的作品，总有感人至深的意境。所谓意境，是指作者所描绘的生活图景与表现的思想感情相融合形成的一种艺术境界。

(完整word版)高考英语阅读理解专题三—主旨大意题

2016年高考英语阅读理解指导三——主旨大意题 Don’t give up your whole garden just for an attractive rose. 一、主旨大意题型特点： 主旨大意题要求在理解全文后________________，____________或者是_________，考查考生的归纳总结能力。这类题需要______________，抓住文章的______和_____，同时兼顾________以及文章出现的________。此类试题通常以概括中心、揭示主题、选择标题等形式出现。 查找主旨、标题时，我们要学习识别文章中__________________的信息，这种信息应能归纳和概括文中其它信息所具有的______。做主旨大意题时，应采用_______的方式，跳过生僻词，抓住________和_______，快而准地把握文章主旨。 【例1】Choose the most general word. A. Chemist B. Physicist C. Scientist D. Biologist 【例2】Choose the most general sentence. A. The hotel offers complimentary coffee from 7 to 10 a.m. daily. B. There are many reasons why guests feel at home at the Glorietta Bay Inn. C. The coin-operated laundry room has an ironing board. D. There are a number of extra services at the Glorietta Bay Inn including baby-sitting. 【例3】Choose the title that best expresses the idea of the paragraph. There is a simple economic principle used to determine prices. It is called the law of supply and demand. Supply means the amount of, or access to, certain goods. Demand represents the number of people who want those goods. If there are more goods than wanted, the price of them falls. On the other hand, if the demand for those goods is much greater than the supply, then price rises. Of course manufacturers prefer to sell more goods at increased prices. A. Economic Principle B. Law of Supply and Demand C. More Goods, Lower Prices D. Fewer Goods, Higher Prices 二、主旨大意题题干形式： 1. ________________________ (main idea): (1) The main idea of the passage is… (2) The passage is mainly about… (3) The passage is mainly discussed… (4) Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? (5) What is the passage mainly about? 2. _________________________ (title): (6) The best title for the passage might be… (7) Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? 三、主题句的特点： 1. 主题句与文体体裁之间的关系：议论文和说明文一般有主题句，且一般位于______； 而记叙文一般没有主题句； 2. 段落主题句一般位于_____________； 3. 主题句所表达的意思具有_______和________；句子________单, 一般不会采用长句 或结构复杂的句子； 4. 文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步________________________。