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快速康复理念在外科围手术期的应用

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快速康复理念在外科围手术期的应用

作者:张亦弛王许安刘颖斌

来源:《上海医药》2017年第10期

摘要快速康复理念是指通过多模式治疗手段减少手术应激,预防术后并发症的发生,从而达到缩短住院时间、减少住院费用的目的,实现快速康复,目前世界上已经在各个外科领域广泛开展。然而,在我国快速康复理念还仍未推广,治疗方式和管理体系并未完善。全文综述快速康复理念的应用,并强调多学科合作在快速康复外科中的作用,有助于快速康复外科的开展。

关键词快速康复理念;围手术期;并发症预防

中图分类号:R459.4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2017)10-0003-04

The application of enhanced recovery idea in perioperative period

ZHANG Yichi1,2,WANG Xu’an1,2, LIU Yingbin1,2

(1. Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; 2. Research Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China)

ABSTRACT The enhanced recovery idea, which has been applied in a number of areas in surgery worldwide, refers to reduce surgical stress response and prevent postoperative complications and as to shorten the length of hospital stay, decrease the medical expenses and accelerate the recovery through multimodal treatment modality. However, the enhanced recovery idea has not been popularized yet in China, and the therapeutic methods and management systems are not perfect as well. The application of the enhanced recovery idea is reviewed and the role of multidisciplinary team is emphasized so as to promote enhanced recovery after surgery in China.

KEY WORDS enhanced recovery idea; perioperative period; prevention of complication

随着医学技术的不断发展,外科医师在工作中已不仅仅满足于手术是否成功,疾病能否治愈,而是对患者围手术期的体验以及康复质量有着更高的追求。因此,快速康复的理念便应运而生。快速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery, ERAS)概念由Kehlet[1]提出,其核心内容是通过多模式治疗手段减少手术应激,促进器官功能恢复,预防术后并发症的发生,包括优化疼痛管理、早期肠内营养、早期下床活动等,从而缩短住院天数,节省住院费用[2]。近

十多年来,随着微创外科、麻醉和镇痛技术及药物的不断发展,ERAS取得了长足的进步,已推广至胃肠外科、泌尿外科、骨科、妇科等领域[2- 5],取得了理想效果。本文拟对目前ERAS 理念在围手术期的应用进展进行综述。

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