the state of the union 2010-美国总统奥巴马2010年国情咨文-中英文对照

The State of the Union 2010

Barack Obama

2010/01/27

美国总统奥巴马2010年国情咨文

Source:

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/684000584.html,/2010/01/27/state-of-the-union-2010-full-text-transcrip t_n_439459.html

The full text of President Barack Obama's State of the Union Address, as transcribed by the White House.

以下是美国总统Barack Obama于1月27日发表的2010年国情咨文全文：

Madam Speaker, Vice President Biden, members of Congress, distinguished guests, and fellow Americans:

议长夫人、副总统拜登、美国国会议员、各位来宾、美国同胞：

Our Constitution declares that from time to time, the President shall give to Congress information about the state of our union. For 220 years, our leaders have fulfilled this duty. They've done so during periods of prosperity and tranquility. And they've done so in the midst of war and depression; at moments of great strife and great struggle.

我国宪法宣布，总统应当不时地向国会提供有关国情的信息。220年来，我们的领导人一直履行这一职责。在繁荣与安宁的时期，他们这样做了。在战争和经济萧条中，在严重动乱和伟大斗争的时刻，他们也这样做了。

It's tempting to look back on these moments and assume that our progress was inevitable -- that America was always destined to succeed. But when the Union was turned back at Bull Run（布尔朗战役）, and the Allies（盟军）first landed at Omaha Beach（奥马哈海滩）, victory was very much in doubt.

一种做法是具有诱惑力的，就是回顾这些时刻，以为我们的进步是不可避免的———以为美国总是注定要成功。但是，当北方联邦军在布尔朗战役中被击溃，当盟军第一次在奥马哈海滩登陆，胜利是有很大疑问的。

When the market crashed on Black Tuesday, and civil rights marchers（示威者）were beaten on Bloody Sunday, the future was anything but certain. These were the times that tested the courage of our convictions, and the strength of our union. And despite

all our divisions and disagreements, our hesitations and our fears, America prevailed because we chose to move forward as one nation, as one people.

当黑色星期二市场崩溃，当血腥的星期日民权示威者被殴打，前途绝非是确定无疑的。这些时候考验了我们的信念与勇气和我们合众国的力量。尽管我们存在着种种分歧与不同意见、犹豫不决和恐惧，但美国胜利了，因为我们选择了作为一个国家，作为一国人民向前迈进。

Again, we are tested. And again, we must answer history's call.

现在，我们再次接受考验。我们必须再次响应历史的召唤。

One year ago, I took office amid two wars, an economy rocked by a severe recession, a financial system on the verge of collapse, and a government deeply in debt. Experts from across the political spectrum warned that if we did not act, we might face a second depression. So we acted -- immediately and aggressively. And one year later, the worst of the storm has passed.

一年前我就职，当时两场战争正酣，还有一场严重的经济衰退，金融体系处于崩溃的边缘，政府债台高。来自各个政治派别的专家警告说，如果我们不采取行动，我们可能面临第二次经济萧条。因此，我们立即和大刀阔斧地采取了行动。一年后，这场风暴的最严重阶段已经过去了。

But the devastation remains. One in 10 Americans still cannot find work. Many businesses have shuttered. Home values have declined. Small towns and rural communities have been hit especially hard. And for those who'd already known poverty, life has become that much harder.

但破坏仍然存在。十个美国人当中仍有一个人无法找到工作。许多商家关门。住房价值下降。小城镇和农村社区受到的冲击尤其严重。而对于已经见识过贫穷的人们来说，生活变得困难得多。

This recession has also compounded the burdens that America's families have been dealing with for decades -- the burden of working harder and longer for less; of being unable to save enough to retire or help kids with college.

经济衰退也加重了美国的家庭几十年来一直承担着的负担———更加努力地工作，工作时间也更长，但所得却更少，储蓄不足以退休或帮助上大学的子女。

So I know the anxieties that are out there right now. They're not new. These struggles are the reason I ran for President. These struggles are what I've witnessed for years in

places like Elkhart, Indiana; Galesburg, Illinois. I hear about them in the letters that I read each night. The toughest to read are those written by children -- asking why they have to move from their home, asking when their mom or dad will be able to go back to work.

所以我知道民间目前存在的忧虑。这种担忧并不新鲜。这些斗争是我竞选总统的理由。多年来在印第安纳州埃尔德哈特、伊利诺伊州盖尔斯堡，我目睹了这些斗争。我在每天晚上读到的信件中听说到它们。最难以读下去的信件是孩子们写的———他们问，为什么他们要离开自己的家，问他们的母亲或父亲何时可以重新上班。

For these Americans and so many others, change has not come fast enough. Some are frustrated; some are angry. They don't understand why it seems like bad behavior on Wall Street is rewarded, but hard work on Main Street isn't; or why Washington has been unable or unwilling to solve any of our problems. They're tired of the partisanship and the shouting and the pettiness. They know we can't afford it. Not now.

对于这些美国人和许多其他人来说，已经发生的变革不够快。一些人感到沮丧；一些人感到愤怒。他们不明白，为什么似乎华尔街上的不良行为得到奖赏，而商业大街上的努力却没有，或者为何华盛顿一直无法或不愿解决我们的任何问题。他们对党派斗争、叫喊和卑鄙行为感到厌倦。他们知道我们承担不起这种负担。现在不行。

So we face big and difficult challenges. And what the American people hope -- what they deserve -- is for all of us, Democrats and Republicans, to work through our differences; to overcome the numbing weight of our politics. For while the people who sent us here have different backgrounds, different stories, different beliefs, the anxieties they face are the same. The aspirations they hold are shared: a job that pays the bills; a chance to get ahead; most of all, the ability to give their children a better life.

因此，我们面临着巨大的和棘手的挑战。美国人民所希望———他们所应得的———是我们大家，民主党人和共和党人，消除我们的分歧，克服我们的政治斗争所造成的令人麻木的重压。因为虽然把我们选到这里来的人民具有不同的背景、不同的故事、不同的信仰，但他们面临的忧虑是相同的。他们持有的愿望是共同的：一份能够付清账单的工作、有机会获得成功，最重要的是，能够给子女以更好的生活。

You know what else they share? They share a stubborn resilience in the face of adversity. After one of the most difficult years in our history, they remain busy building cars and teaching kids, starting businesses and going back to school. They're coaching Little League and helping their neighbors. One woman wrote to me and said, "We are strained but hopeful, struggling but encouraged."

大家知道他们还有哪些共同点吗？在逆境中，他们共有一种顽强的韧性。在我们历史上最困难的年份之一过后，他们仍忙于制造汽车和教育孩子，创办企业和回学校上学。他们担任少年棒球联盟的教练，帮助他们的邻居。一位妇女写信给我说：“我们很紧张，但也抱有希望，疲于应付，但很受鼓舞。”

It's because of this spirit -- this great decency and great strength -- that I have never been more hopeful about America's future than I am tonight. (Applause.) Despite our hardships, our union is strong. We do not give up. We do not quit. We do not allow fear or division to break our spirit. In this new decade, it's time the American people get a government that matches their decency; that embodies their strength. (Applause.)

正是因为这种精神———这种伟大的尊严和巨大的力量———我从来都没有像今晚这样，对美国的前途寄予厚望。尽管我们遇到困难，我们的合众国是强大的。我们不放弃。我们不退出。我们不允许恐惧和分裂破坏我们的精神。这个新的十年是时候了，美国人民应当获得符合他们的道德标准和体现出他们的力量的政府

And tonight, tonight I'd like to talk about how together we can deliver on that promise.

今晚，我想谈谈我们能够如何共同兑现这一诺言。

It begins with our economy.

事情得从我们的经济说起。

Our most urgent task upon taking office was to shore up the same banks that helped cause this crisis. It was not easy to do. And if there's one thing that has unified Democrats and Republicans, and everybody in between, it's that we all hated the bank bailout. I hated it -- (applause.) I hated it. You hated it. It was about as popular as a root canal. (Laughter.)

我们就职后最紧迫的任务是巩固银行的实力。正是这些银行，促成了这场危机。这是不容易做到的。如果有一件事使民主党人和共和党人，以及这两者之间的每个人团结起来，那就是我们都厌恶银行救助。我讨厌它。我讨厌它。大家讨厌它。

它的受欢迎程度与治疗牙疼时的根管疗法差不多。

But when I ran for President, I promised I wouldn't just do what was popular -- I would do what was necessary. And if we had allowed the meltdown of the financial system, unemployment might be double what it is today. More businesses would certainly have closed. More homes would have surely been lost.

但是，我竞选总统时，我答应我不会只是做受欢迎的事情———我会做必要的事情。如果我们听任金融系统陷于崩溃，失业率可能会比今天高一倍。更多的企业肯定已经倒闭。更多的住宅肯定已经失去。

So I supported the last administration's efforts to create the financial rescue program. And when we took that program over, we made it more transparent and more accountable. And as a result, the markets are now stabilized, and we've recovered most of the money we spent on the banks. (Applause.) Most but not all.

因此，我支持了上届政府制订金融救援方案的努力。我们接管这一方案后，我们使之更加透明和更加负责。因此，目前市场稳定，我们已经收回了花在银行身上的绝大部分资金。绝大部分，但不是全部。

To recover the rest, I've proposed a fee on the biggest banks. (Applause.) Now, I know Wall Street isn't keen on this idea. But if these firms can afford to hand out big bonuses again, they can afford a modest fee to pay back the taxpayers who rescued them in their time of need. (Applause.)

为了收回其余部分，我已经提出对最大的几家银行征收一笔费用。现在我知道，华尔街对这个想法并不热衷。但是，如果这些公司能够再次负担得起支付高额奖金，它们就可以负担有限的收费，以偿还纳税人在它们需要时解救它们所花的钱。

Now, as we stabilized the financial system, we also took steps to get our economy growing again, save as many jobs as possible, and help Americans who had become unemployed.

现在，在我们使金融体系趋于稳定时，我们还采取措施，使我们的经济恢复增长，保住尽可能多的就业机会，帮助失业的美国人。

That's why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.

这就是为什么我们向超过1800万的美国人提供或增加了失业救济，对通过“统

一综合预算协调法案”获得医疗保险的家庭，使其费用降低了65％，并通过了25项不同的减税措施。

Now, let me repeat: We cut taxes. We cut taxes for 95 percent of working families. (Applause.) We cut taxes for small businesses. We cut taxes for first-time homebuyers. We cut taxes for parents trying to care for their children. We cut taxes for 8 million Americans paying for college. (Applause.)

现在，让我再次重申：我们降低了税赋。我们降低了95％的劳动家庭的税赋。我们降低了小企业的税赋。我们降低了首次购房税。我们降低了照顾子女的父母的税赋。我们降低了要为上大学花钱的800万美国人的税赋。

I thought I'd get some applause on that one. (Laughter and applause.)

我认为我会为此得到一些掌声。

As a result, millions of Americans had more to spend on gas and food and other necessities, all of which helped businesses keep more workers. And we haven't raised income taxes by a single dime on a single person. Not a single dime. (Applause.)

因此，千百万美国人有更多的钱可以用于购买汽油、食物和其他生活必需品。所有这些都有助于企业保留更多的工人。我们并没有把任何人的所得税提高分文。没有提高分文。

Because of the steps we took, there are about two million Americans working right now who would otherwise be unemployed. (Applause.) Two hundred thousand work in construction and clean energy; 300,000 are teachers and other education workers. Tens of thousands are cops, firefighters, correctional officers, first responders. (Applause.) And we're on track to add another one and a half million jobs to this total by the end of the year.

由于我们采取的措施，大约有200万目前就业的美国人本来会失业。20万人就业于建筑业和清洁能源产业；30万人是教师和其他教育工作者。几十万人是警察、消防队员、惩教人员、急救人员。按照预期，到今年年底，我们将在这一总数基础上再增加150万个就业岗位。

The plan that has made all of this possible, from the tax cuts to the jobs, is the Recovery Act. (Applause.) That's right -- the Recovery Act, also known as the stimulus bill. (Applause.) Economists on the left and the right say this bill has helped save jobs and avert disaster. But you don't have to take their word for it.

令这一切———从减税到增加就业———成为可能的计划就是经济复苏法。没错———复苏法，也被称为刺激法案。左右两派的经济学家都说，这项法案帮助挽救了就业，避免了灾难。但是，你不必听信他们的话。

Talk to the small business in Phoenix that will triple its workforce because of the Recovery Act. 与凤凰城由于复兴法案而职工队伍将会扩大两倍的小企业谈一谈。

Talk to the window manufacturer in Philadelphia who said he used to be skeptical about the Recovery Act, until he had to add two more work shifts just because of the business it created.

与费城的窗户制造商谈一谈。他说，他曾经对复兴法案持怀疑态度，一直到由于该法案所创造的生意，他不得不增加了两个班次的工作。

Talk to the single teacher raising two kids who was told by her principal in the last week of school that because of the Recovery Act, she wouldn't be laid off after all.

与抚养两个孩子的单身教师谈一谈。学年的最后一周，她的校长对她说，由于复兴法案，她不会被解雇了。

There are stories like this all across America. And after two years of recession, the economy is growing again. Retirement funds have started to gain back some of their value. Businesses are beginning to invest again, and slowly some are starting to hire again.

在全美各地，都有这样的故事。两年的衰退过后，经济再次出现增长。养老金基金已经开始恢复部分的价值。工商企业正在开始恢复投资。一些企业正在缓慢地开始重新雇工。

But I realize that for every success story, there are other stories, of men and women who wake up with the anguish of not knowing where their next paycheck will come from; who send out resumes week after week and hear nothing in response. That is why jobs must be our number-one focus in 2010, and that's why I'm calling for a new jobs bill tonight. (Applause.)

但是，我意识到，对于每一个成功故事来说，就有几个故事，说的是男男女女一觉醒来，痛苦地不知道自己下一次将会从哪里领工资，一周又一周地发送简历，却没有听到任何答复。这就是为什么，2010年我们的头号工作重点必须是就业，这也是为什么我今晚呼吁通过一项新的就业法案。

Now, the true engine of job creation in this country will always be America's businesses. (Applause.) But government can create the conditions necessary for businesses to expand and hire more workers.

现在，美国创造就业机会的真正动力源泉将始终都是美国的企业。但是，政府能够创造企业拓展业务和雇用更多工人所必需的条件。

We should start where most new jobs do -- in small businesses, companies that begin when -- (applause) -- companies that begin when an entrepreneur -- when an entrepreneur takes a chance on a dream, or a worker decides it's time she became her own boss. Through sheer grit and determination, these companies have weathered the recession and they're ready to grow. But when you talk to small businessowners in places like Allentown, Pennsylvania, or Elyria, Ohio, you find out that even though banks on Wall Street are lending again, they're mostly lending to bigger companies. Financing remains difficult for small businessowners across the country, even those that are making a profit.

我们应当从大多数新的就业岗位开始的地方开始———在小企业中，这些公司的创业之初，企业家抱着一种梦想碰运气，或者一名职工决定现在是自己当自己的老板的时候了。凭着纯粹的勇气和决心，这些公司经受住了这场经济衰退，现在准备实现增长。但是，当你与宾夕法尼亚州阿伦敦或者俄亥俄州伊利里亚等地的小企业主交谈时，你会发现，尽管华尔街上的银行重新开始放贷，但它们主要是向比较大的公司放贷。对全国各地的小企业主甚至盈利的小区业主来说，融资依然困难。

So tonight, I'm proposing that we take $30 billion of the money Wall Street banks have repaid and use it to help community banks give small businesses the credit they need to stay afloat. (Applause.) I'm also proposing a new small business tax credit-- one that will go to over one million small businesses who hire new workers or raise wages. (Applause.) While we're at it, let's also eliminate all capital gains taxes on small business investment, and provide a tax incentive for all large businesses and all small businesses to invest in new plants and equipment. (Applause.)

因此，今晚，我建议我们从华尔街已经偿还的钱里面拿出300亿美元，用于帮助社区银行为小企业提供它们持续经营所需的信贷。我还建议实行一项新的小企业税收优惠———这项优惠将提供给雇用新职工或者提高工资的小企业，这些企业超过100万家。在进行这项工作的同时，我们还要取消对小企业投资征收的所有

资本利得税，并为所有大企业和所有小企业提供一项税收鼓励措施，促使其投资于开办新的工厂和采购新的设备。

Next, we can put Americans to work today building the infrastructure of tomorrow. (Applause.) From the first railroads to the Interstate Highway System, our nation has always been built to compete. There's no reason Europe or China should have the fastest trains, or the new factories that manufacture clean energy products.

其次，我们今天还可以让美国人在修建明天的基础设施方面找到工作。从最初的铁路到州际高速公路系统，我们的国家一直是为了在竞争中获胜而进行建设的。欧洲或者中国没有任何理由应当拥有最快的列车，或者制造清洁能源产品的新工厂。

Tomorrow, I'll visit Tampa, Florida, where workers will soon break ground on a new high-speed railroad funded by the Recovery Act. (Applause.) There are projects like that all across this country that will create jobs and help move our nation's goods, services, and information. (Applause.)

明天我将访问佛罗里达州的坦帕市。那里的工人很快就会破土动工，修筑经济复兴法案提供资助的一条新的高速铁路。全国各地都有类似的项目。这些项目将创造就业机会，帮助运输和传递我国的商品、劳务与信息。

We should put more Americans to work building clean energy facilities -- (applause) -- and give rebates to Americans who make their homes more energy-efficient, which supports clean energy jobs. (Applause.) And to encourage these and other businesses to stay within our borders, it is time to finally slash the tax breaks for companies that ship our jobs overseas, and give those tax breaks to companies that create jobs right here in the United States of America. (Applause.)

我们应当让更多的美国人在修建清洁能源设施方面找到工作———并向提高自己的住宅的能源效率的美国人提供退税，因为这种努力支撑着清洁能源领域中的就业机会。为了鼓励这些企业以及其它企业留在我国境内，现在是最终削减向把我们的就业岗位转移到海外的公司提供的税收减免，把这种减免提供给在美国境内创造就业机会的公司。

Now, the House has passed a jobs bill that includes some of these steps. (Applause.) As the first order of business this year, I urge the Senate to do the same, and I know they will. (Applause.) They will. (Applause.) People are out of work. They're hurting. They need our help. And I want a jobs bill on my desk without delay. (Applause.)

现在，众议院已经通过了一项就业法案，其中包括了这些措施当中的一些。作为今年要办的头一件事，我敦促参议院也这样做。我知道他们会这样做的。他们会的。人们失去了工作。他们忍受着伤害。他们需要我们的帮助。我希望毫无耽搁地获得一项有关就业的提案。

But the truth is, these steps won't make up for the seven million jobs that we've lost over the last two years. The only way to move to full employment is to lay a new foundation for long-term economic growth, and finally address the problems that America's families have confronted for years.

但事情的真相是，这些举措不会弥补我们最近两年来所失去的700万个就业岗位。实现充分就业的唯一途径就是为经济的长期增长奠定新的基础，最终解决美国的家庭多年来所面临的问题。

We can't afford another so-called economic "expansion" like the one from the last decade -- what some call the "lost decade" -- where jobs grew more slowly than during any prior expansion; where the income of the average American household declined while the cost of health care and tuition reached record highs; where prosperity was built on a housing bubble and financial speculation.

我们无法承受代价，迎接像最近10年来那样的一场新的所谓的经济“扩展”。一些人称之为“损失的10年”。在此期间，就业岗位的增加速度要比任何从前的经济扩展期间都缓慢，美国家庭的平均收入下降，医疗保健费用和学费达到了创纪录的高点，经济繁荣建立在一场住房建筑泡沫与金融投机基础上。

From the day I took office, I've been told that addressing our larger challenges is too ambitious; such an effort would be too contentious. I've been told that our political system is too gridlocked, and that we should just put things on hold for a while.

从我就职那天起我就被告知，应付我们的重大挑战过于雄心勃勃，这种努力会引起太大的争议。我一直被告知，我们的政治制度陷入网络瘫痪，因此我们应当暂时把问题搁置起来。

For those who make these claims, I have one simple question: How long should we wait? How long should America put its future on hold? (Applause.)

对做出这种论断的人们，我有一个简单的问题：我们应当等待多久？美国应当把自己的前途搁置多久？

You see, Washington has been telling us to wait for decades, even as the problems have grown worse. Meanwhile, China is not waiting to revamp its economy. Germany is not waiting. India is not waiting. These nations -- they're not standing still. These nations aren't playing for second place. They're putting more emphasis on math and science. They're rebuilding their infrastructure. They're making serious investments in clean energy because they want those jobs.

大家知道，华盛顿几十年来一直要求我们等待，尽管问题日益恶化。与此同时，中国并没有为重振经济而等待。德国没有等待。印度没有等待。这些国家都没有停滞不前。这些国家没有争当第二名。它们更加重视数学与科学。它们翻修了基础设施。它们在清洁能源方面进行了重大投资，因为它们想要获得这些就业机会。

Well, I do not accept second place for the United States of America. (Applause.)

好了，我不接受美国沦为第二名。

As hard as it may be, as uncomfortable and contentious as the debates may become, it's time to get serious about fixing the problems that are hampering our growth.

尽管工作可能会很棘手，辩论可能会令人不快和有争议，但现在是采取认真的态度，解决阻碍我们的经济增长的种种问题的时候了。

Now, one place to start is serious financial reform. Look, I am not interested in punishing banks. I'm interested in protecting our economy. A strong, healthy financial market makes it possible for businesses to access credit and create new jobs. It channels the savings of families into investments that raise incomes. But that can only happen if we guard against the same recklessness that nearly brought down our entire economy.

一个起步的地方就是实行重大的金融改革。我对惩罚银行不感兴趣。我感兴趣的是保护我们的经济。一个强有力的、健康的金融市场可以使企业获得信贷和创造新的就业机会。它引导家庭的储蓄成为提高收入的投资项目。但是，只有在我们对几乎使我们的整个经济陷于崩溃的那种鲁莽加以防范的情况下，这一目标才能达到。

We need to make sure consumers and middle-class families have the information they need to make financial decisions. (Applause.) We can't allow financial institutions, including those that take your deposits, to take risks that threaten the whole economy. 我们需要确保消费者和中产阶级家庭掌握他们做出理财决策所需的信息。我们不能任凭金融机构，包括接受大家的存款的机构承担威胁到经济整体的风险。

Now, the House has already passed financial reform with many of these changes. (Applause.) And the lobbyists are trying to kill it. But we cannot let them win this fight. (Applause.) And if the bill that ends up on my desk does not meet the test of real reform, I will send it back until we get it right. We've got to get it right. (Applause.)

众议院已经通过了包括许多这方面的变革在内的金融改革。游说分子正在千方百计地扼杀这项改革。但是，我们不能让他们赢得这场战斗。如果最终提交给我的这项法案经受不住真正改革的考验，我将把它驳回，直到我们把工作做好。我们必须把工作做好。

Next, we need to encourage American innovation. Last year, we made the largest investment in basic research funding in history -- (applause) -- an investment that could lead to the world's cheapest solar cells or treatment that kills cancer cells but leaves healthy ones untouched. And no area is more ripe for such innovation than energy. You can see the results of last year's investments in clean energy -- in the North Carolina company that will create 1,200 jobs nationwide helping to make advanced batteries; or in the California business that will put a thousand people to work making solar panels.

其次，我们还需要鼓励美国的创新。去年，我们进行了基础研究拨款方面的有史以来最大规模的投资———这项投资可能会带来世界上最廉价的太阳能电池，或者杀死癌细胞、但却使健康细胞完好无损的疗法。在这种创新方面最成熟的领域非能源领域莫属。大家可以看到去年在清洁能源方面的投资所取得的成果———体现在将会在全国范围创造1200个就业岗位、从而帮助制造先进的蓄电池的一家北卡罗来纳公司，或者将使1000人在制造太阳能电池板方面找到工作的一家加利福尼亚企业之中。

But to create more of these clean energy jobs, we need more production, more efficiency, more incentives. And that means building a new generation of safe, clean nuclear power plants in this country. (Applause.) It means making tough decisions about opening new offshore areas for oil and gas development. (Applause.) It means continued investment in advanced biofuels and clean coal technologies. (Applause.) And, yes, it means passing a comprehensive energy and climate bill with incentives that will finally make clean energy the profitable kind of energy in America. (Applause.)

但是，为了创造更多的这种清洁能源就业岗位，我们需要增加产量，提高效率，提供更多的鼓励措施。这意味着要在美国建设新一代安全、洁净的核电厂。这意味着要就开辟用于开采石油和天然气的新的近海海域问题做出棘手的决策。这意

味着要继续在先进的生物燃料和清洁煤技术方面投资。是的，这还意味着要通过一项全面的能源和气候法案，包括最终会使清洁能源在美国成为有利可图的能源的鼓励措施。

I am grateful to the House for passing such a bill last year. (Applause.) And this year I'm eager to help advance the bipartisan effort in the Senate. (Applause.)

我很感激众议院去年通过了这样一项法案。今年，我热切希望帮助在参议院推进两党一致的这项努力。

I know there have been questions about whether we can afford such changes in a tough economy. I know that there are those who disagree with the overwhelming scientific evidence on climate change. But here's the thing -- even if you doubt the evidence, providing incentives for energy-efficiency and clean energy are the right thing to do for our future -- because the nation that leads the clean energy economy will be the nation that leads the global economy. And America must be that nation. (Applause.)

我知道，在我们能否在经济困难下实施这种改革他们一直存在着问题。我知道，有一些人不同意在气候变化问题上的占压倒优势的科学证据。但这一点很重要———即使你怀疑这些证据，我们今后应当做的事情也是为提高能源效率和提供清洁能源提供鼓励措施———因为领导着清洁能源经济的国家将是领导全球经济的国家。美国必须成为这个国家。

Third, we need to export more of our goods. (Applause.) Because the more products we make and sell to other countries, the more jobs we support right here in America. (Applause.) So tonight, we set a new goal: We will double our exports over the next five years, an increase that will support two million jobs in America. (Applause.) To help meet this goal, we're launching a National Export Initiative that will help farmers and small businesses increase their exports, and reform export controls consistent with national security. (Applause.)

第三，我们需要出口更多的商品。因为我们制造的和向别国出售的产品越多，我们在美国国内支撑的就业岗位也就越多。因此今晚，我们确定一个新的目标：我们将在今后五年内使出口翻一番。这一增长将会支持美国境内的200万个就业岗位。为了帮助实现这一目标，我们即将启动一项全国范围的出口计划。这项计划将帮助农场主和小企业增加出口，并改革出口管制措施，使之与国家安全相符。

We have to seek new markets aggressively, just as our competitors are. If America sits

on the sidelines while other nations sign trade deals, we will lose the chance to create jobs on our shores. (Applause.) But realizing those benefits also means enforcing those agreements so our trading partners play by the rules. (Applause.) And that's why we'll continue to shape a Doha trade agreement that opens global markets, and why we will strengthen our trade relations in Asia and with key partners like South Korea and Panama and Colombia. (Applause.)

我们必须像竞争对手一样，大力谋求获得新的市场。如果在别国签订贸易协议的时候美国袖手旁观，我们就会失去在本国国内创造就业岗位的机会。但是，实现这些利益也意味着要加强这些协议，以便我们的贸易伙伴按照规则行事。这就是为什么，我们将继续影响签订一项开辟全球市场的多哈回合贸易协定。这也是为什么，我们将加强我们在亚洲的贸易关系以及同韩国、巴拿马和哥伦比亚等重要的伙伴国之间的贸易关系。

Fourth, we need to invest in the skills and education of our people. (Applause.)

第四，我们需要在我国人民的技能和教育方面投资。

Now, this year, we've broken through the stalemate between left and right by launching a national competition to improve our schools. And the idea here is simple: Instead of rewarding failure, we only reward success. Instead of funding the status quo, we only invest in reform -- reform that raises student achievement; inspires students to excel in math and science; and turns around failing schools that steal the future of too many young Americans, from rural communities to the inner city. In the 21st century, the best anti-poverty program around is a world-class education. (Applause.) And in this country, the success of our children cannot depend more on where they live than on their potential.

今年，我们启动了一场全国性的竞争，以改善我们的学校，从而打破了左右两派之间的僵局。这里的想法很简单：我们不是奖励失败，而是只奖励成功。我们不是为维持现状拨款，而是只投资于改革———这种改革使得学生的学习成绩提高，激励学生们在数学与科学方面取得出类拔萃的成绩。使失败的、毁掉过多的年轻美国人前途的学校发生转变，这种情况从农村社区到市中心地带都有。在21世纪，最出色的消除贫困计划就是提供世界级的教育。在美国，我们的孩子们的成功对他们生活的地方的依赖不能超过对他们的潜能的依赖。

When we renew the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, we will work with Congress to expand these reforms to all 50 states. Still, in this economy, a high school diploma no longer guarantees a good job. That's why I urge the Senate to follow the House and pass a bill that will revitalize our community colleges, which are a career

pathway to the children of so many working families. (Applause.)

当我们修订《小学和中学教育法》的时候，我们将与国会共同努力，以便把这些改革扩展到所有50个州。尽管如此，在美国经济中，高中文凭不再能够保障获得一份好工作。这就是为什么，我敦促参院像众院一样，通过一项法案，重振我们的社区学院，因为这些学院为如此多的劳动家庭的孩子们提供了就业渠道。

To make college more affordable, this bill will finally end the unwarranted taxpayer subsidies that go to banks for student loans. (Applause.) Instead, let's take that money and give families a $10,000 tax credit for four years of college and increase Pell Grants. (Applause.) And let's tell another one million students that when they graduate, they will be required to pay only 10 percent of their income on student loans, and all of their debt will be forgiven after 20 years -- and forgiven after 10 years if they choose a career in public service, because in the United States of America, no one should go broke because they chose to go to college. (Applause.)

为了使人们更加能够上得起大学，这项法案最终将取消对纳税人提供的、使之到银行领取学生贷款的、毫无保障的补贴。我们而是要把这笔钱拿来，向家庭提供1万美元的税收优惠，以便完成4年的大学学业和增加佩尔助学金。我们要再让100万名学生在毕业时知道，他们只需支付自己收入的10％用于偿还学生贷款，他们的全部债务都将在20年以后一笔勾销———而如果他们选择在政府就业，就会在10年后一笔勾销。因为在美国，没有人应当由于选择上大学而变得一贫如洗。

And by the way, it's time for colleges and universities to get serious about cutting their own costs -- (applause) -- because they, too, have a responsibility to help solve this problem.

顺便提一下，现在是高等院校认真考虑降低自己费用的时候了———因为它们也有责任帮助解决这一问题。

Now, the price of college tuition is just one of the burdens facing the middle class. That's why last year I asked Vice President Biden to chair a task force on middle-class families. That's why we're nearly doubling the child care tax credit, and making it easier to save for retirement by giving access to every worker a retirement account and expanding the tax credit for those who start a nest egg. That's why we're working to lift the value of a family's single largest investment -- their home. The steps we took last year to shore up the housing market have allowed millions of Americans to take out new loans and save an average of $1,500 on mortgage payments.

大学学费的要价问题仅仅是摆在中产阶级面前的负担之一。这就是为什么，我去年请求副总统拜登领导一个有关中产阶级家庭问题的专门委员会。这就是为什么，我们使有关儿童护理的税收优惠几乎翻一番，并向每个工人提供开设退休账户的机会，并增加对开始攒钱的人们的税收优惠，从而使人们更加容易进行储蓄，以便为退休生活做好准备。这就是为什么，我们正在努力提升家庭最大的一项投资，即住宅的价值。我们去年采取的巩固楼市的举措使千百万美国人得以获得新的贷款，并在抵押贷款偿还方面平均节省1500美元。

This year, we will step up refinancing so that homeowners can move into more affordable mortgages. (Applause.) And it is precisely to relieve the burden on middle-class families that we still need health insurance reform. (Applause.) Yes, we do. (Applause.)

今年，我们将加紧再融资，以使房主们能够获得具有更大偿还能力的抵押贷款。恰恰是为了缓解中产阶级家庭的负担，我们才仍然需要实行医疗保险方面的改革。是的，我们就是如此。

Now, let's clear a few things up. (Laughter.) I didn't choose to tackle this issue to get some legislative victory under my belt. And by now it should be fairly obvious that I didn't take on health care because it was good politics. (Laughter.) I took on health care because of the stories I've heard from Americans with preexisting conditions whose lives depend on getting coverage; patients who've been denied coverage; families -- even those with insurance -- who are just one illness away from financial ruin.

现在，我们要澄清一些事情。我之所以选择解决这一问题，并不是为了在立法方面稳操胜券。到目前为止应当很清楚的一点是，我之所以承担起解决医疗保健问题，并不是因为这在政治上很有利。我承担起这一职责是因为我从一些美国人那里听到了一些故事，讲的是他们在申请医疗保险以前存在病情，而其生命取决于获得保险。我还听到一些被剥夺了保险的患者、只要得一次病就会穷困潦倒的家庭的故事———甚至具有保险的家庭的故事。

After nearly a century of trying -- Democratic administrations, Republican administrations -- we are closer than ever to bringing more security to the lives of so many Americans. The approach we've taken would protect every American from the worst practices of the insurance industry. It would give small businesses and uninsured Americans a chance to choose an affordable health care plan in a competitive market. It would require every insurance plan to cover preventive care.

在进行了将近一个世纪的尝试之后———民主党与共和党的历届政府———我们比以往任何时候都更加接近于给如此多的美国人的生活带来更大的安全保障。我们所采取的策略将使每个美国人都获得保护，免遭保险业最恶劣的做法的侵害。它还会使小企业和没有保险的美国人获得机会，以便在竞争激烈的市场上选择自己支付得起的医疗保健计划。它还要求每项保险计划都为预防性医疗提供保险。

And by the way, I want to acknowledge our First Lady, Michelle Obama, who this year is creating a national movement to tackle the epidemic of childhood obesity and make kids healthier. (Applause.) Thank you. She gets embarrassed. (Laughter.)

顺便提一下，我还希望向我们的第一夫人米歇尔奥巴马致谢。她今年即将创立一项全国性运动，以解决儿童肥胖病流行的问题，使儿童更加健康。

Our approach would preserve the right of Americans who have insurance to keep their doctor and their plan. It would reduce costs and premiums for millions of families and businesses. And according to the Congressional Budget Office -- the independent organization that both parties have cited as the official scorekeeper for Congress -- our approach would bring down the deficit by as much as $1 trillion over the next two decades. (Applause.)

我们的做法将维护拥有保险的美国人接受治疗和保留医疗计划的权利。它将为数以百万计的家庭和公司减少费用和保险费。根据国会预算局———一个中立机构，两党都认为它是国会工作表现的官方记录者———的数字，我们的做法将使预算赤字在今后20年里最多减少1万亿美元。

Still, this is a complex issue, and the longer it was debated, the more skeptical people became. I take my share of the blame for not explaining it more clearly to the American people. And I know that with all the lobbying and horse-trading, the process left most Americans wondering, "What's in it for me?"

尽管如此，这仍是一个复杂的问题，对此辩论的时间越长，人们的怀疑就会越多。没有更加清楚地向美国人民解释，我要承担一部分责任。我知道，因为各种游说和讨价还价，这个过程让大多数美国人担心该计划最后还能给美国人带来什么。

But I also know this problem is not going away. By the time I'm finished speaking tonight, more Americans will have lost their health insurance. Millions will lose it this year. Our deficit will grow. Premiums will go up. Patients will be denied the care they need. Small business owners will continue to drop coverage altogether. I will not walk

away from these Americans, and neither should the people in this chamber. (Applause.)

但我还知道，这个问题并没有消失。到今晚我结束演讲的时候，将有更多美国人失去医疗保险。今年会有数以百万计的美国人失去医疗保险。我们的赤字会增加，保险费会上升。病人将得不到需要的医疗。小企业主将继续完全放弃医疗保险。我不会抛开这些美国人，在座的各位也不应抛弃这些美国人。

So, as temperatures cool, I want everyone to take another look at the plan we've proposed. There's a reason why many doctors, nurses, and health care experts who know our system best consider this approach a vast improvement over the status quo. But if anyone from either party has a better approach that will bring down premiums, bring down the deficit, cover the uninsured, strengthen Medicare for seniors, and stop insurance company abuses, let me know. (Applause.) Let me know. Let me know. (Applause.) I'm eager to see it.

随着激烈情绪渐渐平息，我希望每个人重新考虑我们提出的计划。许多最了解我们体系的医生、护士和医疗问题专家都认为，这些措施将极大地改善现状，这是有原因的。但是不管哪个政党的什么人有更好的方案，能降低保险费、减少赤字、覆盖未投保者、加强老年人的医疗保险、并制止保险公司的不良做法，请告诉我。

Here's what I ask Congress, though: Don't walk away from reform. Not now. Not when we are so close. Let us find a way to come together and finish the job for the American people. (Applause.) Let's get it done. Let's get it done. (Applause.)

不过，我要求国会做到下面这一点：不要回避改革。现在不能，因为我们已经接近完成这项工作。让我们想办法共同努力，为美国人完成这项工作。

Now, even as health care reform would reduce our deficit, it's not enough to dig us out of a massive fiscal hole in which we find ourselves. It's a challenge that makes all others that much harder to solve, and one that's been subject to a lot of political posturing. So let me start the discussion of government spending by setting the record straight.

虽然医疗改革可以削减赤字，但还不足以使我们摆脱我们陷入的严重的财政困境。这个难题使其他所有难题的解决更加困难，也受到很多政治姿态的影响。

At the beginning of the last decade, the year 2000, America had a budget surplus of over $200 billion. (Applause.) By the time I took office, we had a one-year deficit of over $1 trillion and projected deficits of $8 trillion over the next decade. Most of this

was the result of not paying for two wars, two tax cuts, and an expensive prescription drug program. On top of that, the effects of the recession put a $3 trillion hole in our budget. All this was before I walked in the door. (Laughter and applause.)

下面让我讨论一下政府开支，首先我要澄清事实。在上个十年开始时，美国有超过2000亿美元预算盈余。等到我就职的时候，我们每年的赤字超过1万亿美元，估计下一个十年的赤字将达到8万亿美元。主要原因是没有为两场战争、两次减税和昂贵的处方药计划支付费用。此外，这次衰退使我们的预算增加了3万亿美元的漏洞。这就是我来之前的情况。

Now -- just stating the facts. Now, if we had taken office in ordinary times, I would have liked nothing more than to start bringing down the deficit. But we took office amid a crisis. And our efforts to prevent a second depression have added another $1 trillion to our national debt. That, too, is a fact.

如果是在平常时期就职，我最想做的就是削减赤字。但我们是在危机时期就职的，我们阻止第二次大萧条的行动又使我们的国债增加了1万亿美元。

I'm absolutely convinced that was the right thing to do. But families across the country are tightening their belts and making tough decisions. The federal government should do the same. (Applause.) So tonight, I'm proposing specific steps to pay for the trillion dollars that it took to rescue the economy last year.

我完全相信这样做是正确的。但全国各地的家庭都在勒紧裤带，作出艰难的选择。联邦政府也应该这样。所以今晚，我将提出具体步骤来支付去年用以救助经济的1万亿美元。

Starting in 2011, we are prepared to freeze government spending for three years. (Applause.) Spending related to our national security, Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security will not be affected. But all other discretionary government programs will. Like any cash-strapped family, we will work within a budget to invest in what we need and sacrifice what we don't. And if I have to enforce this discipline by veto, I will. (Applause.)

从2011年开始，我们准备冻结政府开支三年。与我们的国家安全、老年医疗保险、医疗补助和社会保险相关的开支不会受影响。但是其他所有可自由决定的政府计划都会受到影响。像所有现金不够的家庭一样，我们将把预算控制在需要的范围内，放弃不需要的。如果不得不通过否决权实施这项制度，我会这样做。

We will continue to go through the budget, line by line, page by page, to eliminate programs that we can't afford and don't work. We've already identified $20 billion in savings for next year. To help working families, we'll extend our middle-class tax cuts. But at a time of record deficits, we will not continue tax cuts for oil companies, for investment fund managers, and for those making over $250,000 a year. We just can't afford it. (Applause.)

我们将继续逐条审查预算案，取消负担不起和没有用的计划。我们已经为明年节省了200亿美元。为帮助工薪家庭，我们将延长中产阶级税收优惠。但是在赤字达到最高点的时候，我们不会继续对石油公司、投资基金经理和年薪超过25万的人减税。我们承担不起。

Now, even after paying for what we spent on my watch, we'll still face the massive deficit we had when I took office. More importantly, the cost of Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security will continue to skyrocket. That's why I've called for a bipartisan fiscal commission, modeled on a proposal by Republican Judd Gregg and Democrat Kent Conrad. (Applause.) This can't be one of those Washington gimmicks that lets us pretend we solved a problem. The commission will have to provide a specific set of solutions by a certain deadline.

现在，即便在支付了我任期内的开支以后，我们仍将面对在我就职时就已经存在的大量赤字。更重要的是，老年医疗保险、医疗补助和社会保险的费用将继续大幅上升。因此，我呼吁按照共和党人贾德格雷格和民主党人肯特康拉德的提议，设立一个由两党成员组成的财政委员会。这不可能是让我们假装已经解决了问题的华盛顿的花招之一。这个委员会必须在一定的期限之前提出一套具体的解决办法。

Now, yesterday, the Senate blocked a bill that would have created this commission. So I'll issue an executive order that will allow us to go forward, because I refuse to pass this problem on to another generation of Americans. (Applause.) And when the vote comes tomorrow, the Senate should restore the pay-as-you-go law that was a big reason for why we had record surpluses in the 1990s. (Applause.)

昨天，参议院阻挠了设立该委员会的议案。因此我将发布行政命令，使我们能继续向前推进，因为我不愿把这个问题留给下一代美国人。明天表决的时候，参议院应该恢复所得税预扣法，这是我们上世纪90年代实现创纪录盈余的主要原因。

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