2014辽宁高考英语试卷-答案与解析

2014辽宁高考英语试卷-答案与解析

2014 辽宁高考英语卷

第二部分阅读理解

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中（A,B,C,D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

A

A new study shows students who

write notes by hand during lectures

perform better on exams than those who

use laptops.

Students are increasingly using laptops for note-taking because of speed and

legibility. But the research has found laptop

users are less able to remember and apply

the concepts they have been taught.

Researchers performed experiments that aimed to find out whether using a laptop

increased the tendency to make

notes ”mindlessly” by taking down word for

word what the professors said.

In the first experiment, students were

given either a laptop or pen and paper. They listened to the same lectures and were examined on their ability and to remember facts and on how well they understood concept.

The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those wrote by hand. However, the type is performed worse at remembering and applying the concepts. Both groups scored similarly when it comes to memorizing facts.

The researchers’ report said, “ While more notes are beneficial, if the notes are taken mindlessly, as is more likely the case on a laptop, the benefit disappears.

In another experiment aimed at testing long-term memory, students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture. This time, the students who wrote notes by hand performed significantly better on the exam.

These two experiments suggest that

handwritten notes are not only better for immediate learning and understanding, but that they also lead to superior revision in the future.

21. More and more students favor laptops for note-taking because they can___.

A write more notes

B digest concepts better

C get higher scores

D understand lectures better

22. While taking notes, laptops users tend to be___.

A skillful

B mindless

C thoughtful

D tireless

23. The author of the passage aims to ___.

A examine the importance of long-term memory

B stress the benefit of taking notes by hand

C explain the process of taking notes

D promote the use of laptops.

24. The passage is likely to appear in ___.

A a newspaper advertisement

B a

computer textbook

C a science magazine

D a finance report

B

(Q=Question; A=Answer)

Situation 1

Q: If someone sits right next to me in an empty movie theater, is it rude to move? A：Maybe, but nobody will fault you for it. Chances are that the close sitter doe sn’t realize he disturbs you, so he may miss your annoyance. You undoubtedly aren’t the first person he’s met who needs enough room. Forgive his bad judgment, move quietly and enjoy the show.

Situation 2

Q:If I use the bathroom at a store, do I need to buy something?

A: Consider frequently and urgency. Is this a one-time thing or an emergency? If so, you don’t have to buy anything, but it would be kind if you did. However, if you regularly

use the bathroom at this place, then you are a customer, and you should act like one. Situation 3

Q: If someone is talking loudly on the bus, is there a nice way to ask him to keep it down? A: No. Try other means:1) Stare at him until he gets aware of it and quiets down. 2) Lift your finger in a silence motion and smile. 3) Put on earphones and ignore him.

Situation 4

Q: If I remember my friend’s birthday a day late, should I apologize or just wish her a happy birthday like nothing happened? A: This is the reason why the word belated was invented. “ Happy belated birthday!” is short for: “Well, I know I forgot, but then I remembered. Forgive me and happy birthday.”

Situation 5

Q: Can I lie about seeing a text because I was too busy or lazy to respond to it?

A: Don’t lie. Recei ving a text does not mean

you need to respond to it. Why waste a perfectly good lie when the truth will serve? “Yes,”you can say if ever asked, “ I saw it.” No explanation is needed as to why you don’t respond.

25. You will get annoyed in a theater

when___.

A a person is too active

B a person is too rude to you

C a person talks too loudly

D a person sits too close to you

26. How will you quiet someone down in a public place?

A. By making fun of him continuously

B By looking purposefully at him

C By talking to him directly

D By pointing angrily at him

27. The underlined word “belated” in Situation 5 probably means___.

A predicted

B returned

C cancelled

D delayed

28. What is the passage mainly about?

A Modern ways to mind your manners.

B Different ways to change others’ manners

C Proper manners to offer help to others

D Good manners to talk to people

C

Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?

UBC Professor Simard explained how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their

co-operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”.

Nitrogen and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi networks, making sure that all tress in the forest

ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.

Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young tress so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” of the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.

“ We didn’t take any notice of it.” Simard says sadly. “ Dying tree s move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry

industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.

29. The underlined sentence “ the opposite is true” in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees___.

A compete for survival

B protect their own wealth

C depend on each other

D provide support for dying tress

30. “Mother trees” are extremely important because they ___.

A look the largest in size in the forest

B pass on nutrition to young trees

C seem more likely to be cut down by humans

D know more about the complex “tree societies”

31. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ___.

A how “tree societies ” work

B how trees grow old

C how forestry industry develops

D how young trees survive

32. What would be the best title for the passage?

A Old Trees Communicate Like Humans

B Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection

C Trees Are More Awesome That You Think

D Trees Contribute To Our Society

D

Travis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees and profits of over $2 million per year. He’s never late to work. He does not get upset on the job. When one of his employees started crying after a customer screamed at her, Travis took her away. “Your working uniform is your shelter,” he told her,

“ Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you. You will always be as strong as you want to be.”

Travis picked up that lecture in one of his G&G training courses, an education

program that began on his first day and continue throughout an employee’s occupation. The training has Travis says, changed his life. G&G has taught him how to live. how to focus, how to get to work on time, and how to master his emotions. Most importantly, it taught him willpower.

At the center of that education is an extreme focus on an all-important habit willpower. Dozens of cases show that willpower is the single most important habit for a person’s success.

And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit. “sometimes it looks like people with great self-control aren’t working hard—but that’s because they’ve made it automatic. ” Angela Duckworth, one of the University of Pennsylvania researchers said, “ Their willpower occurs without them having to think about it.”

The company spent millions of dollars

developing programs of study to train employees on self-control. Managers wrote workbooks that serve as guides to how to make willp ower a habit in workers’ lives. Those courses are, in part, why G&G has grown from a sleepy company into a large one with more than seventeen thousand stores and profits of more $ 10 billion year.

33. We learn from Paragraph 2 that employees in G&G must___.

A learn to give lectures

B attend education programs

C design a working uniform

D develop a common hobby

34. Willpower will become a habit when employees can___.

A focus on the profits

B benefit from the job

C protect themselves well

D control their feelings well

35. What can we infer from the passage?

A G&G has grow into a large company

B G&G will spend half its profits training

employees

C G&G may become more successful in the

future

D G&G has to produce more workbooks for

managers

第二节（共5题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it’s easy to include s teps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight.

Schedule yearly exams. __36___ Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful cheek. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and

following treatment, including eyeglasses.

●Protect against UV rays. Long-term stay in

the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the reason is, it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses.

___37___

●Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of

Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.__38_ Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.

●__39___ As part of a healthy diet, eat more

fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight an promote eye health.

●Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses.

Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and

putting their eyesight at risk.

__40__Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.

A.E at your greens

B.Eye care should begin early in life

C.T hey can properly protect your eyes.

D.S tay in good shape by taking more vitamins

E.Parents usually don’t care about their own

eyesight

F.Always follow the doctor’s advice for

appropriate wear

G.T his frequent eye activity increases the risk

for eye tiredness.

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节完型填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最

佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It was already half past seven and I was

running late again for the dinner

appointment with my wife, Eleanor. We

had__41__ to meet at the restaurant at

seven o’clock. I felt a little uneasy, but to my _42_, I had a good excuse: A business

meeting had __43__ and I’d wasted no time

getting to the dinner.

When I arrived at the _44___ and I apologized and told Eleanor I didn’t mean

to be late. She screamed, “ You never mean

to.” Well, I _45__ tell she was angry. “I’m

sorry but it was not__46__. ” I said. Then I

told her about the business meeting.___47__, my explanation seemed to make things

worse, which started to drive __48_ mad as

well.

Several weeks later, when I _49__ the situation to my friend Ken Hardy, he smiled.

“ You _50___ a class mistake. You’re

stuck__51__ your own way of thinking. You

didn’t _52__ to be late. But that’s not the

point. What is _53__ in your communication is how your lateness affected Eleanor. ” He

pointed out that I focused on the

intention_54__ Eleanor focused on the

results. Thus, __55_ of us felt

misunderstood and crazy.

Thinking more about Ken’s words, I _56_ recognized the root cause of such

disagreement. It’s the result of the action

that really_57__. I should have started the

conversation by expressing _58___ my

actions affected Eleanor and _59___the

discussions about my intention for later,

much later and even never,

Later on, after talking to Eleanor and really __60_ her experience of the results of

my lateness, I’ve managed to be on time a

lot more frequently.

41. A. started B agreed C continued D

managed

42. A. relief B surprise C regret D

sorrow

43. A. broken out B closed down C faded

away D run over

44. A. house B room C restaurant

D supermarket

45. A. could B must C will D

might

46. A. movable B comfortable C

acceptable D avoidable

47. A. However B Therefore C Moreover

D Otherwise

48. A. her B him C me D

them

49. A. spread B wrote C translated

D described

50. A. knew B made C found D

took

51. A. in B beyond C for D

against

52. A. need B prove C pretend

D intend

53. A. funny B important C possible

D simple

54. A. while B after C until D

unless

55. A. all B none C both D

neither

56. A. usually B merely C hardly D

gradually

57. A. inspires B matters C improves

D challenges

58. A. how B why C when D

what

59. A. compared B reported C finished

D saved

60. A. showing B satisfy C

understanding D destroying

第二卷

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5，满分15分）

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2018年高考英语全国Ⅲ卷试卷分析(最新整理)

2018年高考英语全国Ⅲ卷试卷分析 在满足选拔及测试要求的基础上，2018年高考英语试题全国Ⅲ卷将立德树人和全面育人的理念作为试题谋篇布局的主线，贯穿于全卷设计的始终。该卷试题的所有语篇和材料都围绕人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大主题语境；语料题材广泛，内容生活化，具体涵盖了生活与学习、做人与做事、历史、社会与文化以及人与动植物等；体裁包括应用文、说明文、记叙文、议论文等。试题内容丰富、语言地道、规范、体裁多样、时代性强，充分体现了高考的思想性和育人功能。试卷考点分布有序，重点突出。整套试题语篇选材广泛，涵盖人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题语境，科学合理搭配各种题型，不仅全面考查考生的综合语言运用能力，还渗透对考生交际能力、思辨精神和学习能力等学科素养的考查。 1.阅读理解分析 本套试题共四篇阅读理解，体裁分别是应用文、说明文、记叙文和议论文。主题语境方面，前三篇都属于人与社会，只有D篇属于人与自我。整套试题语篇选材广泛，涵盖人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题语境，科学合理搭配各种题型，不仅全面考查考生的综合语言运用能力，还渗透对考生交际能力、思辨精神和学习能力等学科素养的考查。题目和原文的对应关系是反映试题难度的指标之一。如果学生能够直接从原文中找到答案，那么，题目和原文的关系就非常直接，这样的题目难度也较低。反之，题目和原文的关系是间

接的，题目较难。在本套试题的阅读理解部分，直接性题目和间接性题目的比例为6:9，因此整体上难度适当。 2. 七选五分析 七选五是一篇说明文。文章从舞蹈的普遍存在、人们跳舞的原因及其意义层层展开。本文难度不高，通篇没有一个生词，话题也很接近生活，体现了高中英语课程标准“人与社会——艺术”类的主题语境。文章篇幅不长，选项也短小、精悍。在设题方面，有三个小题在技能方面考查了语法衔接性，另外两个小题考查了词汇衔接性。在句际关系方面，递进的句子考查偏重，举例和原因各考查了一处。其中语篇层次的考查出现了三处，另外两处考查了段落主题句。 3. 完形填空分析 完形填空是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一件发生在陌生人之间的感人事件，向考生传递了人间有爱的正能量。文章按事情发展顺序展开，脉络清晰，但材料相对简单。句子层次、段落层次及语篇层次（第43、45、51、52题）的考点都有涉及，且以段落层次的考点为主。考点布局合理，干扰项干扰力度适中。本题很好地体现了完形填空在注重语义考查的同时又注重篇章逻辑的特点。另外，今年的完形填空有一个设题特别吸睛，那就是第53小题的bearing，该题较难，虽然这个词同学们都很熟悉，但这里考查了它的一个新的意思，表示“携带”。这个题的设置传达了一词多义在高考中的灵活考查。 4. 语法填空和短文改错分析