【汉译英】十大日常用语的英文翻译
为了拥有更好的汉泽英水平，那么在接下来的内容中也给出了一些完全的表达，为此大部分的朋友们在意识了以后，自己的英语水平才会更高，所以要好好的把握下，这很有必要。
汉译英的日常句型内容正如下文当中所建议的那样，而大部分的考生们在注意到了过后，自己才会对于日后的每一步更有信心，也正是由于这些了解，自己的英语程度也将会一步步的得到了更好的改善，所以要一直持续的坚持下去。
汉译英的日常句型内容：
1．她昨天回家很晚。
She went home very late yesterday evening.
2．会议将持续两个小时。
The meeting will last two hours.
3．在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化.
Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.
4．1919年，在北京爆发了"五.四"运动。
The May Fourth Movement broke out
in Beijing in 1919.
5．每天八时开始上课。
Classes begin at eight every day.
这个箱子重五公斤。
6. This box weighs five kilos.
7．五年前我住在北京。
I lived in Beijing five years ago.
8．秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。
In autumn, some birds fly to the south.
9．我的爷爷早晨起得很早。
My grandfather gets up early in the morning.
10. 每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。
A lot of students come to the library to borrow books every afternoon.
对于汉译英的日常句型内容，实际上在以上的文章中也给出了一些全面的表达，为此考生朋友们在完全的解析了过后，相信在面对一些学习的难题时，也就可以用心了，所以自己要拥有这些相关的判断，这些方面的努力也是格外的有意义。
美联英语：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/6b5652307.html,
汉译英短文翻译练习
汉译英短文翻译——清华在线 1 近年来，中国城市化进人加速阶段，取得了极大的成就，同时也出现了种种错综复杂的问题。今天的城乡建设速度之快、规模之大、耗资之巨、涉及面之广、尺度之大等已远非生产力低下时期所能及，建筑已成为一种重大的经济活动。（102字） 难点注释： 1）城市化urbanization 2）加速阶段an accelerating phase 3）错综复杂的问题some complicated problems 4）远非…所能及surpass 5）重大的经济活动a major economic pursuit 2 世界各地有3,600万人染上了艾滋病—这比整个澳大利亚的人口还多。目前，艾滋病是全球第4大死因，而在非洲则是头号罪魁。在非洲，艾滋病使工人丧失工作，使家庭丧失经济来源，使父母丧失孩子。在7个非洲国家中，巧岁至49岁的人口中艾滋病病毒感染者占到20％以上。（119字） 难点注释： 1）染上艾滋病suffer from AIDS 2）头号罪魁the chief culprit 3）使……丧失deprive of 4）艾滋病病毒感染者people infected with HIV 3 当今中国，对传真机的使用已十分普及，并成为现代重要的通讯终端设备。据一项调查显示，2002年，中国市场对传真机的需求量约为200万台，国内产量仅满足了约30%的需求，进口机占据市场的主导地位。（89字） 难点注释： 1）传真机fax machines 2）通讯终端设备telecommunications terminal equipment 3）占主导地位dominate 4 2000年，美国数码相机的销量达到惊人的510万台，而1999年只有310万台。数码相机的流行其原因非常简单：成像质量好且花费少。此外，使用数码相机还能省去不少麻烦。你不用买胶卷，所有的照片都被存在可反复使用的存储卡上。一按快门，就可以马上在液晶显示屏上观察照片的效果。（124字） 难点注释： 1）数码相机digital camera 2）可反复使用的存储卡reusable memo叮cards
自考本科英汉互译-汉译英常用结构和句型
汉译英常用结构和句型 一、主语 （一）主语的确定：汉语中长主语，短谓语的句子翻译，即戏称“头大身子小”的句型。【“尾重” 原则（end weight）】 1. 我国政府愿意在平等互利、相互开放、长期合作、共同发展的基础上，进一步加强同亚洲各国 的经济合作和贸易交流。 The Chinese government stands ready to further strengthen economic cooperation and trade ties with other Asianations on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, mutual openness, long-term cooperation and common development. 2. 未来老百姓的生活会更好。 × The life of the people in the future will be better. √ The people will lead/ live a better life in the future. 3. 中国加入世贸组织后，外商参与中国西部开发的机会将越来越多。 × The opportunities for foreign businesses to participate in China’s development of the western region will increase. √ Foreign businesses will have more and more opportunities to participate in China’s development of the western region. 4. 浙江大学建校100年来，办学取得了巨大成功。 × Zhejiang University has been established for more than 100 years, and made great achievements / made a huge success in its school running. √ Zhejiang University has made great achievements / made a huge success in its school running since its establishment 100 years ago. 5. 该产品的主要特点是工艺精湛，经久耐用。 This product is chiefly characterized by its fine workmanship and durability. 6. 语言这个东西不是随便就可以学好的，非下苦工夫不可。 The mastery of language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. 7. 如今，年过半百的他还是时常想起自己童年时代的玩伴。 Even now, memories of his childhood playmates haunt the man in his fifties. 8. 我们相信，在新的一年里，通过双方的努力，我们的业务和友好合作关系会得到发展。 We believe we will be able to develop business relations and friendly cooperation through our common efforts in the coming year. 9. 尽管己退居二线，他的工作热情丝毫不减。 He works enthusiastically as ever even though he has retired from the leading post. 10. 我来到杭州教书，完全是一个巧合。 It has been an unexpected piece of luck for me to become a teacher in Hangzhou. 11. 进行社会主义现代化建设，必须尊重知识，尊重人才。 In our drive for socialist modernization, we must respect knowledge and talented people. （二）名词化 12. 捕获萨达姆·侯赛因并不意味着在伊拉克的冲突会就此结束。 The capture of Saddam Hussein does not mean the end of conflict in Iraq. 13. 医疗服务不能改变预期寿命，许多当代的临床护理在治病中所起的作用也并不重要，这些事实 都是有据可查的。 The impotence of medical services to change life expectancy and insignificance of much contemporary clinical care in the curing of disease are all well-documented. 14. 中国加入世界贸易组织，将为中国和亚洲以及世界各国各地区经济的发展注入新的活力。 China’s entry into the WTO will instill new vitality into the economic growth of China as well as other countries and regions in Asia and beyond. 15. 坚持一个中国的原则，是实现和平统一的基础和前提。 Adherence to the principle of one China is the basis and premise for peaceful reunification.
短语翻译：汉译英
1.一双（条）…. 45.一个橘子 2.一双鞋子46.一只钢笔 3.一双袜子47.一只铅笔 4.一条长裤48.一只杯子 5.一条短裤49.什么颜色 6.一条裙子50.黑白相间 7.一套，一串，一副，一组51.请拼写它 8.一串钥匙52.我的名字 9.请求，恳求（给予）52.你的名字 10.我能帮你吗？53.他的名字 11.快点儿54.她的名字 12.劳驾，请原谅55。认识你很高兴 13.名字56.你好！ 14.无疑，肯定57.我的朋友 15.早上好！58.在中国 16.下午好！59.两张漂亮的照片 17.晚上好！60.在第一张照片中 18.从……到……61.在下一张照片中 19.生日快乐！62.我的狗的名字 20.（表示祝愿）过得愉快！2 63.一张…的照片 21.给你64.失物招领处 22.（询问消息或提出建议）…怎么样？…好吗？2 23.你好吗？65.电脑游戏（机）
24.（购物时）…多少钱？66.玩电脑游戏 25.…多大年纪？…几岁了？67.玩游戏 26.学生卡，身份证68.和…玩游戏 27.用英语69.和…..玩….. 28.用汉语70.学校图书馆 29.姓氏2 71.给……打电话 30.中学，初中72.给……发电子邮件 31.飞机模型73.在沙发上 32.铅笔盒，文具盒74.在椅子下 33.再见75.在桌子下 34.磁带播放机76.打篮球 35.电话号码2 77.那听起来不错 36.为…而感谢你（们）78.通过电视，在电视上 37.思考，思索，考虑79.下课后 38.看电视80.晚饭后 39.别客气，不用谢81.然（随）后，在那之后 40.一把尺子81.同一所学校 41.一副地图82.去同一所学校上学 42.一件夹克衫83.体育明星 43.一把钥匙84.运动鞋 44.一床被子85.做运动 86.饮食习惯
中国特色文化词汇翻译
1. 元宵节：Lantern Festival 2. 刺绣：embroidery 3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival 4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day 5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting 6. 书法：Calligraphy 7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets 8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters 9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow 10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle 11. 战国：Warring States 12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen 13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl 14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department 15. 集体舞：Group Dance 16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau 17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals 18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day 19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate 20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture 21. 附属学校：Affiliated school 22. 古装片：Costume Drama
23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie 24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup) 25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems 26. 火锅：Hot Pot 27. 四人帮：Gang of Four 28. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs 29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education 30. 《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian 31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement) 32. 《西游记》：The Journey to the West 33. 除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival 34. 针灸：Acupuncture 35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery 36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics 37. 偏旁：radical 38. 孟子：Mencius 39. 亭/阁：Pavilion/ Attic 40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises 41. 火药：gunpowder 42. 农历：Lunar Calendar 43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp 44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization
时事翻译汉译英
中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会，是在我国改革发展关键阶段召开的一次十分重要的大会。大会的主题是：高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，继续解放思想，坚持改革开放，推动科学发展，促进社会和谐，为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗。 The Seventeenth Congress is one of vital importance being held at a crucial stage of China's reform and development. The theme of the congress is to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, continue to emancipate the mind, persist in reform and opening up, pursue development in a scientific way,
promote social harmony, and strive for new victories in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. 中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，是当代中国发展进步的旗帜，是全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的旗帜。解放思想是发展中国特色社会主义的一大法宝，改革开放是发展中国特色社会主义的强大动力，科学发展、社会和谐是发展中国特色社会主义的基本要求，全面建设小康社会是党和国家到二０二０年的奋斗目标，是全国各族人民的根本利益所在。 The great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the banner guiding development and progress in contemporary China and rallying the whole
汉译英重要句型
43. I‘m wondering why he hasn’t turned _____ at the meeting. A. down B. up C. out D. over 44. Contrary _____popular belief，moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite. A. on B. at C. against D. to 45. _____ the storm，we have to postpone the flight. A. Owing to B. Thanks to C. Because D. As 46. By using both ears one can tell the direction _____ a sound comes. A. in which B. from which C. over which D. with which 47. When she worked with the government，she _____ the difficult task of monitoring elections. A. overworked B. overtook C. underwent D. undertook 48. Apparently，it wasn‘t an accident. Someone must have done it on _____. A. intention B. determination C. purpose D. reason 49. _____ conclusion，walking is a cheap，safe and enjoyable form of exercise. A. In B. On C. By D. As
汉译英主题词汇
汉译英主题词汇 1.中国传统文化 四大发明the Four Great Inventions 造纸术paper-making 火药gunpowder 指南针/罗盘compass 印刷术printing 孔子Confucius 孟子Mencius思想学派school of thought 核心思想the core of ideology 代表人物representative 儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化Confucian culture 道家Daoism法家Legalism 和尚;僧人monk 乐器musical instrumental 琴棋书画guqin, game of go, calligraphy and painting 笛子flute 二胡erhu 古筝guzheng 鼓drum 琵琶Chinese lute中国象棋Chinese chess 围棋Chinese Go 对弈play chess 棋子chess pieces 棋盘chessboard 中国书法Chinese calligraphy 甲骨文oracle bone script 文房四宝the four treasures of the study 毛笔brush pen 墨ink stick 砚台ink stone 纸paper 笔划stroke 四大名著the four masterpieces 汉字Chinese character <<西游记>>Journey to the West; The Money King <<红楼梦>>Dream of the Red Chamber; A Dream of Red Mansions <<三国演义>>Romance of the Three Kingdoms <<水浒传>>Water Margin; Outlaws of the Mash <<诗经>>Books of Songs <<史记>>Records of the Grand Historian; Historical Records 唐诗宋词Tang and Song Poetry; Poetry of Tang and Song Danasties 元曲Yuan opera 眀小说Ming novel 普通话四声调the four tones of Mandarin Chinese 对联couplet俗语idiom 词语phrase 国画Chinese (traditional) painting 山水画landscape painting 写意画free sketch painting 敦煌壁画Dunhuang frescoes 龙的形象the image of dragon 孔子庙Confucius Temple黄河the Yellow River 长江the Yangtze River 长城the Great Wall 故宫the Imperial Palace ; the Forbidden City 故宫博物馆The Palace Museum天安门广场Tiananmen Square 胡同hutong太极拳Tai Chi 文武双全be excellent both in the arts of pen and sword
汉译英时事政经用语选登
汉译英时事政经用语 1.深化亚太合作共创和谐未来 Enhancing Asia-Pacific Cooperation to Create a Harmonious Future Excerpts from the Speech Delivered by Hu Jintao At the 13th APEC Economic Leaders’Meeting, Busan, RO, 18 November 2005 2.世界上还存在着不少不稳定不确定因素，地区冲突和摩擦此起彼伏，恐怖主义活动猖獗，南北差距拉大，非传统安全威胁上升，人类面临着许多严峻挑战，国际社会实现持久和平、共同繁荣任重而道远。 In today’s world, there are still quite some factors of instability and uncertainty. Frequent regional frictions and conflicts, rampant terrorist activities, the widening North-South gap and rising nontraditional security threats all pose severe challenges to mankind. The international community is currently facing an uphill struggle to achieve lasting peace and common prosperity. 3.在经济全球化进程中，相当一部分发展中国家面临着被边缘化的危险，发展经济困难加剧，同发达国家的发展差距继续拉大。 In the process of economic globalization, a considerable number of developing countries, which are faced with the danger of being marginalized, have found growing difficulties in their economic development and a widening gap between themselves and the developed countries. 4.我们应该按照公认的国际规则，本着互谅互让的精神，通过对话协商，共同寻求解决分歧之道。 We should work together to explore ways to resolve disagreements through dialogue and consultation in accordance with internationally recognized principles and in the spirit of mutual understanding and accommodation. 5.我们应该显示诚意，采取灵活务实的态度，扩大共识，兑现承诺，弥合分歧，使即将在中国香港举行的第六届世界贸易组织部长级会议取得成果，并推动谈判早日成功结束。 We should, in all sincerity, take a down-to-earth and flexible attitude to explore our common ground, fulfill our commitments and bridge our differences so that we will make a success of the forthcoming 6th WTO Ministerial Meeting in Hong Kong, China, bringing the negotiations to a successful conclusion in the shortest possible time. 6.国际油价持续攀高给世界经济特别是发展中国家经济的发展带来不利影响；海啸、飓风等自然灾害频仍给受灾国家造成巨大损失；禽流感疫情不断暴发给本地区有关国家造成严重危害；等等。 The surging international oil price has had a negative impact on the world economy, and the economies of the developing countries in particular. The frequent occurrences of natural disasters such as tsunami and hurricane have inflicted heavy losses on disaster-stricken countries. The continued outbreak of avian flue has seriously affected
20个重点汉译英句型
20个重点汉译英句型 1、There be 有迹象表明，不少工厂正面临着十分困难的局面。 There are indications that numerous factories are faced with a very difficult situation 二、形式主语 例：玛丽觉得毕．靠自己的力量执行她的计划是困难的。 Mary thought it difficult to carry out her plan all by herself. 三、Not h i n g b ut··· 例：艾米过去除了咖啡什么都不喝。 Amy used to drink nothing but coffee. 四、发现(看见＼听见)谁做什么 例：亚当斯先生发现他1 3岁的儿子正从他的皮夹子里偷钱时大为震惊。 Mr. Adams was greatly shocked to find his 13-year-old son stealing money from his wallet. 五、动词不定式的否定式 例：他努力控制住自己的感情，假装没有听见那个令人悲痛的消息。 With an effort, he held in his feelings and pretended not to hear the sad news. 1、表手段 例：作者想通过这篇文章向读者传达她对赞扬与批评的看法。 Through the article the author wants to convey to the readers her views on praise and criticism. 七、比较结构 例：他比任何对手的得分都高得多，证明他不愧为一个胜利者。 He scored far more points / much higher than any of his rivals and proved himself a worthy winner 例：我们常常发现，运用一个规律比懂的它要难的多。 We often find it much more difficult to apply a rule than to know it 八、Ca n，t h e I p···d o i n g a b o ut 例：她读这部小说时，不禁想起了她在农村度过的那五年。 When she read the novel, she couldn’t help thinking of the five years she had spent in the countryside. 九、连续性动词。 例：我正忙着做一种新的捕鼠装置时，马克走来拖着我出去看花展了。 I was busy making a new device for catching rats when Mark came and dragged me out to a flowers show. 十、b efo r e句型 例：我想先和你讨论一下这篇文章的英译稿，然后再把它寄给霍布斯先生。
unit 9 汉译英中词语的省略
汉译英中词语的省略 1．重复省略 A.四字成语 汉语许多描写性文章，如旅游景观的介绍等，往往使用华丽的词藻和形容词，尤其是四字成语。这些词语或成语往往有同义反复的倾向，而无多大实际意义，大多是出于讲究声韵对仗，渲染气氛等方面考虑。如“甜言蜜语、千姿百态、深思熟虑、争先恐后”等都是同义反复。但英语的风格要求的是简洁明快。因此，在翻译中，要适当减词，不能把汉语行文中堆砌的词藻和形容词都搬到英语中。 1）不仅有历代文人墨客的题咏，而且有美味佳肴和漂亮的工艺品。 2）满树金花，芳香四溢的金桂；花如白雪，香气扑鼻的银桂；红里透黄，花味多浓的紫砂桂；花色似银，季季有花的四季桂，竞相开放，争妍媲美。进入桂林公园， 阵阵桂花香扑鼻而来。 3）因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系，所以八面玲珑，到处有缘。 4）正沿着建设有中国特色的社会主义道路，满怀信心，昂首阔步地迈向二十一世纪。 B.一般词语 不仅是四字成语，其他平行性词语，也是汉语追求韵律和工整的修辞手段，英译时要省略相同意义的词。 1）多数中国人依然关心世事，注重人情，而这些在佛教看来都是虚幻的。 2）五年来新增就业3555万人。 3) 中国饮茶的风尚，到了第七世纪的唐代，已经相当盛行了。 2．习惯省略 英语习惯简洁的表达，对上下文已清楚的信息往往予以省略。因此对汉语中重复的意思，要根据英语表达习惯，采用简化表达。 A.动词 1）他家里很穷，没有什么衣服可穿，也没有什么东西可吃。 2) 搞好社会治安，是关系到人民群众生命财产安全和改革、发展、稳定的大事。 3)……鼓励国内外投资者到中西部投资。 a. …encouraging both Chinese and overseas investors to invest in the central and western regions. b….encouraging both Chinese and overseas investments in the central and western regions. B.名词 汉语一些主谓结构翻译成英语时，谓语形容词往往含有整个主谓结构句子意思。这样这个结构中的主语名词意思就可以省略。 1)由于各种各样的原因，他们常常感到心情压抑，事业受挫。 2）自此而下，江面宽阔，水流平缓，一叶轻舟，顺流而下，沿江景色，饱览无遗。 3）建立办事高效、运转协调、行为规范的行政管理体系。 C.范畴词 英语中有些抽象名词往往已含有汉语中一些表示状态、品质的范畴概念。如“他在我不知道的情况下私自拿走了那东西”，在翻译中就无须译出“情况”:He took it away without my knowledge. 再如：unemployment=失业现象、失业问题；housing＝住房问题；emergency＝紧急状况；solution＝解决方法；complacency＝自满情绪；tension＝紧张局势；stability＝稳定局面。在汉译英时，要省译问题、状况、情绪、看法、局面、气氛、现象这些汉语的范畴词。 1）我们一定要逐步顺利解决沿海同内地贫富差距问题。 2）与此同时，各学校正采取步骤纠正教学和科研不平和的状况。
新视野大学英语第三版第二册6-7单元词汇,短语 ,汉译英英译汉
Unit5 1. 2.A strong police force has been placed between the two (rival) groups in the village to prevent fighting and killing. 3. Although personally we believe this to be of only secondary importance, its potential role in (motivating) innovative acts cannot be ignored. 4. 5. Western nations have older and shrinking populations since they entered the 21st century and their(fluctuating) birth rates have also posed problems. 6. 7. The president is in trouble and will have to work hard to (restore) his credibility after people discovered that he was not telling the truth. 8. To study a number of subjects in the humanities has been both enjoyable and (enlightening) , providing me with a new and different perspective on the world in which we live. 9. People are concerned about the environment issue because air and water pollution not only affects everyone's health but also makes it difficult for businesses to (profit) . 10. 1. 2. The support our volunteers provide to the community as well as society cannot 3. (be measured in) purely practical terms, and their continuing contribution is vital. Please don't forget the Tourist Guide, which should(come in handy) when you travel to different places in Asia and Europe for the next few weeks. 4.
《政府工作报告》中有中国特色政经用语的对等翻译
摘要：本文以20 00至20 05 年共6 界《政府工作报告》为语料, 在奈达等效翻译理论的基础上, 从词汇层面和语篇层面入手, 结合汉英语言文化差异以及对外宣传的特珠禽要对其中出现的有中国特色的政治经济用语的时等翻译进行探讨和总结。 关键词：奈达; 等效翻译; 词汇层面; 语篇层面; 有中国特色的政治经济用语 一、引言 《政府工作报告》是中国政府向其人民代表所做的工作总结和工作部署, 总结过去尸年建设有中国特色社会主义事业的新成就, 部署针对中国国情的大政方针、基本国策, 对党和国家事业的发展具有重大而深远的意义. 随着改革开放与对外交流的日益频繁, 以及中国在世政治经济生活中的影响日益扩大, 一年一度的《政府工作报告》更是倍受世界瞩目。但是《政府工作报告》的翻译却很有难度. 首先, 它的政治性和政策性极强, 对译文准确性的要求极高, 稍有差错就可能影响到国家的政治经济利益、形象声誉甚至国际关系, 造成无可挽回的损失。其次, 不少中国特有的新提法、新概念不断涌现, 很难在英文中找到完全对等的译语。第三, 行文结构和用词极具中国特色, 也给翻译工作带来困难川。美国著名翻译理论家奈达, 从现代语言学角度出发, 结合交际理论、读者反应论和信息论在6 0 一70 年代提出了“ 动态对等” 翻译理论. “ 所谓动态对等翻译, 是指从语义到语体, 在接受语中用最贴近的自然对等语再现源发语的信息。’心] 以’奈达主张译者应着眼于读者来考虑原文的意义和精神, 以译文信息内容和交际效果对等为目的, 不拘泥于原文的语言结构, 改变原文形式, 重组信息, 重建形式和语义结构, 使译文读者能以与原文读者基本相同的方式理解和欣赏译文.80年代他又将其修正为“功能对等’, , 其实两者实质上是相同的, 重点都在“ 对等” 上。等效翻译理论在跨文化翻译中应用相当广泛。《政府工作报告》译语接受者是外籍人士, 其语言、文化背景、民族心理、历史、生活习惯等都与我们不同。因此, 译者必须从外国读者的角度出发, 灵活运用奈达的等效翻译理论, 使他们看懂、听崔, 最大程度地领会原作的精神和风格, 达到交际与对外宜传的目的。本文以最近六届《政府工作报告》为语料, 在等效翻译理论的基础上, 从词汇层面和语篇层面入手, 结合汉英语言文化差异以及对外宣传的需要对其中出现的有中国特色的政治经济用语的对等翻译进行探讨。 二、词汇层面对等处理的五个方面 (一) 准确是政治翻译的基本要求. 《政府工作报告》事关国家大事, 每一句话、每一个词都是经过字斟句酌、反复修改后定稿的, 均有准确定义。其中有不少有政治含义的词汇. 特别是涉及到方针政策和国家主权的, 必须吃透原文, 多从政治方面进行深人解读, 掌握好翻译的分寸川。 1. “ 物质文明和精神文明” 这一提法早期被翻译为“material and spiritual civilization” 。但是, “精神” 被翻译为“ sp ir itual” 是不妥的。中国人理解“ 精神” 是相对于“物质” 而言, 是指思想素质、道德规范; 而“ spiri t ”在英文中的意思是幽灵、鬼魂、精灵等, 宗教意味也很浓。若用“ eth ic ” 则比较妥当, 因为“ethic ” 是指“principles of right conduct or a system of moral values ” 。所以, “ 物质文明和精神文明” 可译为“ material and ethical progress” 。 2 . “廉正建设” “ 廉政建设” 曾被译为“construct clean politics ” (十三届五中全会词汇, 《中国翻译》, 1 9 90 年第2 期) , 但这种译法很有问题。首先, “co ns t ru ct ” 多指工程建设, 用在这里显然不当。其次, “p o lit ie s ” 往往含有贬义, 如“ o ffie e p o lit ie s ” 是“ 办公室里的明争暗斗” 。因此在十六大《政府工作报告》中已把“ 廉正建设”改译为“build a clean and honest government ” 。 3 . “能上能下”
汉译英经典例句
汉译英经典例句 1、他这次考试失败使他意识到定期复习功课是多么重要。 He failed in the exam, which has made him aware of the importance of reviewing his lessons regularly. 2、请一定不要忘记离家前你父母对你说过的话。 Be sure not to forget what your parents said to you before you left home. 3、我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够的。I’m sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job. 4、这篇文章的目的是告诉学生怎么培养良好的学习习惯。 The purpose of his article is to tell the students how to develop good study habits. 5、在当今时代，人们越来越多地依靠计算机来解决各种各样的难题。 In our age, people depend more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems. 6、略读不仅帮助你对将要阅读的东西有所了解，还帮助你读得快些，提高你的阅读理解力。 Skimming not only helps you get some idea of what you
are going to read, but also helps you read faster and improve your comprehension. 7、有些人认为男孩子考试成绩总是比女孩子好。然而，事实未必如此。 Some people think that boys performance on tests is always better than girls. That is not necessarily the case, however. 8、即使智力一般的学生也可以通过改进学习习惯而成为优等生。 Even students of average intelligence can become top students by improving their study habits. 9、幸好附近有家医院，我们立即把他送到了那里。Fortunately there was a hospital nearby and we took him there at once. 10、我们常常发现运用一个规律比懂得它要难的了。We often find it much more difficult to apply a rule than to know it. 11、他决心继续他的实验，不过这次他将用另一种办法来做。 He is determined to continue his experiment but this time he’ll do it another way. 12、她读这部小说时，不禁想起了她在农村度过的那
汉译英常见句型和短语
汉译英常用句型和短语 1.It is said / reported / predicated (断定)/ believed / asserted （宣称）/ supposed / well-known / generally considered… that… 据… It must be admitted / pointed out… that… 预计中国打算在近期购买私车的人数将达到三百万。 It is predicted that the car purchasers in China will amount to 3 million in the near future. 到2008年第四季度，国民经济年均增长率预计将达到10%。 The annual average growth rate of national economy is estimated to reach 10% by the last quarter of 2008. 必须指出，这样的错误不能再犯。 It must be pointed out that mistakes of this kind should not be repeated. 看来这两个科学分支是相互依存，相互作用的 It seems that these two branches of science are mutually dependent and interacting. 已经证明，感应电压使电流的方向与产生电流的磁场力方向相反。 It has been proved that induced voltage causes a current