高级英语1 lesson7 课文原文

Mark Twain --- Mirror of America

By Noel Grove 1. Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn’s idyllic

cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer’s endless summer of freedom and adventure. Indeed, this nation’s best-loved author was every bit as adventurous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. I found another Twain --- one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.

2. Tramp printer, river pilot, Confederate guerrilla, prospector, starry-eyed

optimist, acid-tongued cynic: the man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life, digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer. He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days, signaling two fathoms (12 feet) of water --- a navigable depth. His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print, and translations are still read around the world.

3. The geographic core, in Twain’s early years, was the great valley of the

Mississippi River, main artery of transportation in the young nation’s heart.

Keelboats, flatboats, and large rafts carried the first major commerce.

Lumber, corn, tobacco, wheat, and furs moved downstream to the delta country; sugar, molasses, cotton, and whiskey traveled north. In the 1850s’, before the climax of Westward Expansion, the vast basin drained three quarters of the settled United States.

4. Young Mark Twain entered the world in 1857 as a cub pilot on a steamboat.

The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied --- a cosmos. He participated abundantly in his life, listening to pilothouse talk of feuds, piracies, lynchings, medicine show, and savage waterside slums. All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic. 5. Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering

humanity, but its flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well. From them all Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the different between what people claim to be and what they really are. His four and a half years in the steamboat trade marked the real beginning of his education, and the most lasting part of it. In later life Twain acknowledged

that the river had acquainted him with every possible type of human nature.

Those acquaintanceships strengthened all his writing, but he never wrote better than when he wrote of the people along the great stream.

6. When railroads began drying up the demand for steamboat pilots and the

Civil War halted commerce, Mark Twain left the river country. He tried soldiering for two weeks with a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy. Twain quit after deciding, “… I knew more about retreating than the man that invented retreating.”

7. He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and

silver fever in Nevada’s Washoe region. For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and the persistent, and was rebuffed.

Broke and discouraged, he accepted a job as reporter with the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, to literature’s enduring gratitude.

8. From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging

his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist. The instant riches of a mining strike would not be his in the reporting trade, but for making money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax. In the spring of 1864, less than two years after joining the Territorial Enterprise, he boarded the stagecoach for San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of hopeful young writers.

9. Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles, but he

had to leave the city for a while because of some scathing columns he wrote. Attacks on the city government, concerning such issues as mistreatment of Chinese, so angered officials that he fled to the goldfields in the Sacramento Valley. His descriptions of the rough-country settlers there ring familiarly in modern world accustomed to trend setting on the West Coast. “It was a splendid population --- for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home… It was that population that gave to California a name for getting up astounding enterprises and rushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring and a recklessness of cost or consequences, which she bears unto this day --- and when she projects a new surprise, the grave world smiles as usual, and says “Well, that is California all over.””

10. In the dreary winter of 1864-65 in Angels Camp, he kept a notebook.

Scattered among notations about the weather and the tedious mining-camp meals lies an entry noting a story he had heard that day --- an entry that would determine his course forever: “Coleman with his jumping frog --- bet stranger $50 --- stranger had no frog, and Coleman got him one --- in the meantime stranger filled C.’s frog full of shot and he couldn’t jump. The

stranger’s frog won.”

11. Retold with his descriptive genius, the story was printed in newspapers

across the United States and became known as “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County.” Mark Twain’s national reputation was now well established as “the wild humorist of the Pacific slope.”

12. Two years later the opportunity came for him to take a distinctly American

look at the Old World. In New York City the steamship Quaker City prepared to sail on a pleasure cruise to Europe and the Holy Land. For the first time, a sizable group of United States citizens planned to journey as tourists --- a milestone, of sorts, in a country’s development. Twain was assigned to accompany them, as correspondent for a California newspaper.

If readers expected the usual glowing travelogue, they were sorely surprised.

13. Unimpressed by the Sultan of Turkey, for example, he reported, “…one

could set a trap anywhere and catch a dozen abler men in a night.”

Casually he debunked revered artists and art treasures, and took unholy verbal shot s at the Holy Land. Back home, more newspapers began printing his articles. America laughed with him. Upon his return to the States the book version of his travels, The Innocent Abroad, became an instant best-seller.

14. At the age of 36 Twain settled in Hartford, Connecticut. His best books

were published while he lived there.

15. As early as 1870 Twain had experimented with a story about the boyhood

adventures of a lad he named Billy Rogers. Two years later, he changed the name to Tom, and began shaping his adventures into a stage play. Not until 1874 did the story begin developing in earnest. After publication in 1876, Tom Sawyer quickly became a classic tale of American boyhood.

Tom’s mischievous daring, ingenuity, and the sweet innocence of his affection for Becky Thatcher are almost as sure to be studied in American schools today as is the Declaration of Independence.

16. Mark Twain’s own declaration of independence came from another

character. Six chapters into Tom Sawyer, he drags in “the juvenile pariah of the village, Huckleberry Finn, son of the town drunkard.”Fleeing a respectable life with Puritanical Widow Douglas, Huck protests to his friend, Tom Sawyer: ”I’ve tried it, and it don’t work; it don’t work, Tom. It ain’t for me… The wider eats by a bell; she goes to bed by a bell; she gits up by a bell --- everything’s so awful reg’lar a body can’t stand it.”

17. Nine years after Tome Sawyer swept the nation, Huck was given a life of

his own, in a book often considered the best ever written about Americans.

His raft flight down the Mississippi with a runaway slave presents a moving panorama for the exploration of American society.

18. On the river, and w specially with Huck Finn, Twain found the ultimate

expression of escape from the pace he lived by and often deplored, from life’s regularities and the energy-sapping clamor for success.

19. Mark Twain suggested that an ingredient was missing in the American

ambition when he said: “What a robust people, what a nation of thinkers we might be, if we would only lay ourselves on the shelf occasionally and renew our edges.”

20. Personal tragedy haunted his entire life, in the deaths of loved ones: his

father, dying of pneumonia when Sam was 12; his brother Henry, killed by a steamboat explosion; the death of his son, Langdon, at 19 months. His eldest daughter, Susy, died of spinal meningitis, Mrs. Clemens succumbed to a heart attack in Florence, and his youngest daughter, Jean, an epileptic, drowned in an upstairs bathtub.

21. Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh. The moralizing

of his earlier writing had been well padded with humor. Mow the gloves came off with biting satire. He pretended to praise the U.S. military for the massacre of 600 Philippine Moros in the bowl of a volcanic crater. In The Mysterious Stranger, he insisted that man drop his religious illusions and depend upon himself, not Providence, to make a better world.

22. The last of his own illusions seemed to have crumbled near the end.

Dictating his autobiography late in life, he commented with a crushing sense of despair on men’s final release from earthly struggle: “…they vanish from a world where they were of no consequence; where they achieved nothing; where they were a mistake and a failure and a foolishness; where they have left no sign that they had existed --- a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever.”

人教版新目标八年级英语上册课文翻译

八年级上册参考译文 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation ? Sectoin B 2b 7月15日，星期一 1. 今天早上我和家人抵达马来西亚槟城。 2.天气晴朗炎热，于是我们决定去宾馆附的海滩。 3.我和姐姐尝试了滑翔伞运动，我感觉自己就像一只鸟。这太令人兴奋了！ 4.午饭我们吃了非常特殊的东西——马来黄面，可真是好吃呀！ 5.下午，我们骑自行车去了乔治市。 6.如今那里有许多新的建筑，但是许多老房子依然还在。 7.在乔治市的一处古老的地方——海墘街，我们看到了一百年前中国商人们的房子。 8.我在想这里过去的生活是什么样子呢。漫步在乔治市真是很享受。 7月16日，星期二 9.一天的差异是多么大呀！10.我和爸爸决定今天登槟城山。11.我们本想徒步到山顶，但是天下起了小雨，于是我们决定乘坐火车。 12.因为人太多，我们等了一个多小时的火车。13.当我们到达山顶的时候，雨下得很大。14.我们没有带雨伞，结果我们（被淋得又湿又冷，真实糟透了！15.并且因为糟糕的天气，底下的东西我们什么都看不到。16.爸爸没有带足够的钱，所以我们只吃了一碗米饭和鱼。因为我太饿了，饭的味道尝起来还真是不错Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 第五中学的学生们在课余时间做什么？ 17.上个月，我们询问了我们的学生一些有关课余活动的问题。 18.我们的问题是有关锻炼、使用网络，以及看电视。以下是所获得的结果。 19.我们发现我们的学生中只有百分之十五每天锻炼。百分之四十五的学生一周锻炼四至六次。百分之二十的学生一周只锻炼一至 三。还有百分之二十的学生根本就不锻炼！ 20.我们都知道许多学生经常上网，但是让我们惊讶的是，有百分之九十的人每天使用网络，另外百分之十的学生每周至少使用网络三至四次。绝大多数学生上网娱乐，并非为了做功课。 21.对我们提出的有关看电视的问题的回答也颇有意思。只有百分之二的学生一周看一直三次电视，百分之十三的人一星期看四至六次电视。另外百分之八十五的人每天都看电视！虽然许多学生喜欢观看体育节目，但游戏类节目却是最受欢迎的。 22.通过使用网络或观看游戏类节目来放松是件好事，但我们认为最佳的放松方式是通过锻炼。它有益于身心的健康。23.诸如参加体育运动这样的锻炼方式不但有趣，而且当你和朋友、家人一起运动时，你们还可以共度时光。24.请记住：”旧习难改。”所以赶快锻炼起来，不要等到来不及了。 Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister. 25.杰夫.格林：我妈妈告诉我好朋友就像一面镜子。26.我比大多数孩子要安静持重，这便是我喜欢看书而且在班上学习更加努力的原 因。27.我的好朋友袁力也不太说话，所以我们喜欢一块学习。28.我比较腼腆，所以我不那么容易交上朋友，但我想朋友就像书籍一样—他们不在多而贵在好。

七年级英语上册课文翻译

七年级英语上册课文翻 译 Document serial number【KK89K-LLS98YT-SS8CB-SSUT-SST108】

七年级英语上册课文翻译（二） 注：按仁爱版英语七年级课本顺序排列，学生可依此闭卷翻译为英语课文，提高单词记忆、短句翻译和写作能力。 1、打扰一下，这个在英语里面是什么意思？ 2、这是橡皮擦吗？ 3、你怎么拼写它？ 4、谢谢，不用谢。 5、请问你能拼写它吗？不，我不能。 6、那个在英语里面是什么意思? 7、谢谢，不用谢。 8、这些是什么？它们是书。 9、妈妈，哪些是橘子吗？ 10、不，它们不是。 11、它们是什么？ 12、它们是苹果。 13、简从加拿大来，她十二岁了。 14、现在她在北京仁爱国际学校。

15、 16、是的，你是迈克吗？ 17、不，我不是。我有一个小鼻子，但他有一个大的。你 有大眼睛吗？ 18、是的，我有。 19、哦，我知道了。你是康康。 20、是的，你很对。 21、迈克，谁是你最喜欢的电影明星？ 22、猜猜，他是中国人，他有一个大鼻子。 23、他有长头发吗? 24、不，他没有。 25、他有一个大嘴巴吗？是的，他有。 26、我知道，他是布鲁克.李。不，再猜猜。 27、我的脸是圆的，我有一张圆脸。 28、你的脸是长的，你有一张长脸。 29、他的头发是短的，他有短头发。 30、他的眼睛是大的，他有大眼睛。 31、他的眼睛是小的，他有小眼睛。

32、我是一个男孩，我是十三岁，我来自英格兰。 33、我是一名学生，我有一张圆脸和小眼睛。我的鼻子是 大的，我的嘴巴是小的，我有一个姐姐，她的名字是艾米。她是十二岁，她也是一名学生，她有一张圆 脸，大眼睛，一个小鼻子。我有一个小嘴巴，我们是同一个学校，但是在不同的年级。 34、你又一个小刀吗是的，我有。他有一个尺子吗是的， 他有。他们有长的腿吗不他们没有。他们有短的腿。 35、她有小手吗？不，她没有。她有大手。 36、你好，康康，那个男孩是谁？ 37、哦，他是我的朋友约克。 38、他从哪里来？他来自日本。 39、但是你们看起来很像。对的，我们都有黑头发和黑眼 睛。我有长头发和蓝眼睛。我们看起来不像，但我们是好朋友。

高级英语2课文翻译Book2Unit14

第十四课亦爱亦恨话纽约 托马斯·格里非斯 1．那些赞美“大苹果”的广告活动，还有那些印着带有“我爱纽约”字样的心形图案的T恤衫，只不过是它们在绝望中发出悲哀的迹象，只不过是纽约这个非凡的城市日趋衰落的象征。纽约过去从不自我炫耀，而只让别的城市去这样做，因为自我炫耀显得“小家子气”。纽约既然是独一无二的、最大的而且是最好的城市，也就没有必要宣称自己是如何与众不同了。 2．然而，今日的纽约再不是头号城市了。至少，在开创时尚、领导潮流方面，纽约是再也配不上这个称号了。今日的纽约非但常常跟不上美国政治前进的步伐，而且往往也合不上美国人生活情趣变化的节拍。过去有一个时期，它曾是全国流行服装款式方面无可争议的权威，但由于长期抵制越来越流行的休闲服装款式而丧失了其垄断地位。纽约已不再是众望所归、纷起仿效的对象了，如今它甚至以成为风行美国的时装潮流的抵制者，以成为摆脱全国清一色的单调局面的一隅逃遁之地面自鸣得意。 3．纽约无力保持排头兵的地位这一点已是越来越明显了。有十多座其他城市都已经有了一些在建筑艺术上很富有创造性的建筑物，·而纽约最近二十年来所造的任何一幢建筑物都不能与之相比。曾是托斯卡尼尼全国广播公司交响乐团演出场所的巨人般的曼哈顿电视演播厅，现在经常是空无一人，而好莱坞大量生产出的情景喜剧和约翰尼·卡森节目的实况转播却占满了加利福尼亚的广播电视发送频道。美国流行歌曲创作发行中心从纽约的廷潘胡同转移到了纳什维尔和好莱坞。拉斯韦加斯的赌场经常出高薪聘请曼哈顿没有哪一家夜总会请得起的歌手和艺员。而体育运动方面，那些规模较大的体育馆、比较激动人心的球队以及热情最高的球迷们，往往都出现在纽约以外的地方。 4．纽约从来都不是召集会议的好场所——因为那儿少友情，不安全，人口拥挤，消费高昂——但现在它似乎正在一定程度上争回其作为旅游胜地的地位。即便如此，大多数美国人对新奥尔良、旧金山、华盛顿或迪斯尼乐园等地的评价可能还是高于纽约。人们普遍认为，还有十几座其他城市，包括我的家乡西雅图，都比纽约更适于居住。 5．那么，为什么有许多欧洲人称纽约是他们最喜爱的城市呢?他们比大多数美国人更欣赏纽约这个国际大都市的五彩缤纷的生活，它那残存的、独此一家的欧洲社会准则以及它那众多外来民族混杂而居的社会。这些欧洲人中有些人也许是因为在麦迪逊大街和第五大街这两条双胞胎似的繁华大街上看到那些熟悉的国际名牌商号—口g6些专为迎合并蒙骗那些轻浮浅薄的有钱人而存在的珠宝店、鞋店和服装设计店——而感到心头踏实。然而事实并非如此，最令欧洲人激动不已的是这个城市的那种精神饱满的紧张气氛和它那种野性的活力。 6．纽约充满着活力、竞争和奋斗。同时，由于存在着一批能说会道的失意者，它也充满着嘲笑、轻侮和失意者的心灰意冷(“你说该咋办?”)。它充满着无休无止的斗争——为了地铁上的座位，为了引起一个的士司机、一个办事员或一个侍者的注意，为了有一个立足之地，

高级英语课文翻译

青年人的四种选择 Lesson 2: Four Choices for Young People 在毕业前不久，斯坦福大学四年级主席吉姆?宾司给我写了一封信，信中谈及他的一些不安。 Shortly before his graduation, Jim Binns, president of the senior class at Stanford University, wrote me about some of his misgivings. 他写道：“与其他任何一代人相比，我们这一代人在看待成人世界时抱有更大的疑虑 ,, 同时越 来越倾向于全盘否定成人世界。” “More than any other generation, ” he said, “ our generation views the adult world with great skepticism, there is also an increased tendency to reject completely that world. ”很 明显，他的话代表了许多同龄人的看法。 Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries. 在过去的几年里，我倾听过许多年轻人的谈话，他们有的还在大学读书，有的已经毕业，他 们对于成人的世界同样感到不安。 During the last few years, I have listened to scores of young people, in college and out, who were just as nervous about the grown world. 大致来说，他们的态度可归纳如下：“这个世界乱糟糟的，到处充满了不平等、贫困和战争。 对此该负责的大概应是那些管理这个世界的成年人吧。如果他们不能做得比这些更好，他们又能拿 什么来教育我们呢？这样的教导，我们根本不需要。” Roughly, their attitude might be summed up about like this:“ The world is in pretty much of a mess, full of injustice, poverty, and war. The people responsible are, presumably, the adults who have been running thing. If they can’ t do better than that, what have they got to teach our generation? That kind of lesson we can do without. ” 我觉得这些结论合情合理，至少从他们的角度来看是这样的。 There conclusions strike me as reasonable, at least from their point of view. 对成长中的一代人来说，相关的问题不是我们的社会是否完美（我们可以想当然地认为是这 样），而是应该如何去应付它。 The relevant question for the arriving generation is not whether our society is imperfect (we can take that for granted), but how to deal with it. 尽管这个社会严酷而不合情理，但它毕竟是我们惟一拥有的世界。 For all its harshness and irrationality, it is the only world we’ ve got. 因此，选择一个办法去应付这个社会是刚刚步入成年的年轻人必须作出的第一个决定，这通 常是他们一生中最重要的决定。 Choosing a strategy to cope with it, then, is the first decision young adults have to make, and usually the most important decision of their lifetime. 根据我的发现，他们的基本选择只有四种： So far as I have been able to discover, there are only four basic alternatives: 1）脱离传统社会

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系统复习资料古邵教研 Unit 1My name's Gina. Section A 1b A：[1]What's your name? B：Alan. A：Hello，'m . A：Good morning！I'm Cindy. B：Hello，Cindy！I'm Dale. A：Nice to meet you！ A：name's Gina. B：I'm Jenny.[2]Nice to meet you! A：Nice to meet you，too. 2c A：Hello！What's your name? B：My name's... A：I'm... B：Nice to meet you! A：What's his name? B：His name's... A：[3]And what's her name? B：Her name's... 2d Linda：Good afternoon！My name's you Helen? Helen：Yes，I to meet you，Linda. Linda：Nice to meet you，'s her name? Helen：She's Jane. Linda：Is he Jack? Helen：[4]No，he isn' name's Mike. Section B 1c A：[1]What's your telephone number，Li Xin? B：[2]It's 281-9176. 2a A：[3]What's your first name? B：Jack. A：[4]What's your last name? B：S mith. 2b 1．My name is Jenny Green. My phone number is 281-9176. My friend is Gina Smith. Her phone number is 232-4672. 2．I'm Dale Miller and my friend is Eric Brown. His telephone number is 357- telephone number is 358-6344. 3．My name is Mary Brown.[5]My friend is in name is Zhang Mingming. My phone number is 257-8900 and her number is 929-3155.

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“Hiroshima! Everybody off!” That must be what the man in the Japanese stationmaster's uniform shouted, as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop in Hiroshima Station. I did not understand what he was saying. First of all, because he was shouting in Japanese. And secondly, because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything a Nippon railways official might say. The very act of stepping on this soil, in breathing this air of Hiroshima, was for me a far greater adventure than any trip or any reportorial assignment I'd previously taken. Was I not at the scene of the crime? The Japanese crowd did not appear to have the same preoccupations that I had. From the sidewalk outside the station, things seemed much the same as in other Japanese cities. Little girls and elderly ladies in kimonos rubbed shoulders with teenagers and women in western dress. Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them, and bobbed up and down re-heatedly in little bows, as they exchanged the ritual formula of gratitude and respect: "Tomo aligato gozayimas." Others were using little red telephones that hung on the facades of grocery stores and tobacco shops. "Hi! Hi!" said the cab driver, whose door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. "Hi", or something that sounds very much like it, means "yes". "Can you take me to City Hall?" He grinned at me in the rear-view mirror and repeated "Hi!" "Hi! ’ We set off at top speed throug h the narrow streets of Hiroshima. The tall buildings of the martyred city flashed by as we lurched from side to side in response to the driver's sharp twists of the wheel. Just as I was beginning to find the ride long, the taxi screeched to a halt, and the driver got out and went over to a policeman to ask the way. As in Tokyo, taxi drivers in Hiroshima often know little of their city, but to avoid loss of face before foreigners, will not admit their ignorance, and will accept any destination without concern for how long it may take them to find it. At last this intermezzo came to an end, and I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall. The usher bowed deeply and heaved a long, almost musical sigh, when I showed him the invitation which the mayor had sent me in response to my request for an interview. "That is not here, sir," he said in English. "The mayor expects you tonight for dinner with other foreigners or, the restaurant boat. See? This is where it is.” He sketched a little map for me on the back of my invitation. Thanks to his map, I was able to find a taxi driver who could take me straight to the canal

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(完整word版)人教版八年级英语上册课文Word

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第十二课一个发现：做一个美国人意味着什么 詹姆斯·鲍德温 1．亨利·詹姆斯曾经说过，“身为一个美国人是一种复杂玄妙的命运。”而一位作家在欧洲做出的最重大的发现就是这种命运究竟复杂到何种程度。美国的历史，其远大志向，其不同凡响的辉煌成就，还有她那更加不同凡响的挫折失败，以及她在世界上的地位——不论是过去还是现在——都是那么深不可测而又无可更改地独一无二，以至于“美国”这个词至今仍是一个陌生的、几乎可以说是完全没有明确定义的、且具有极大争议性的专有名词。世界上似乎还没有人确切地知道这个词的含义，就连我们这些五颜六色、千千万万自称为美国人的人也不例外。 2．我当初离开美国是因为我曾怀疑自己能否经受住这儿的有色人种问题的狂风暴雨的冲击。(现在我仍然时不时地这样怀疑。)我想使自己不至于仅仅成为一个黑人，或是仅仅只成为一个黑人作家。我想寻求一种什么途径，来使自己的生活经历的特殊性把自己与他人联系起来而不是分离开来。(我同黑人之间也产生了隔阂，就像我同白人之间的隔阂一样严重，当一个黑人开始真正地相信白人对黑人的评价时，常常就会发生这样的情况。) 3．在我认为有必要去寻求一种能把我的生活经历同别的人——黑人和白人，作家和非作家——的生活经历联系起来的途径的过程中，我惊奇地发现：自己原来也同任何得克萨斯州士兵一样，是非常爱国的美国人。而且我发现，我在巴黎所认识的每一位美国作家都有我这种感受。他们都同我一样脱离了自己的本源，而且事实证明，这些美国白人的欧洲本源同我的非洲本源竟没有多少差别——他们在欧洲也像我一样感到不自在。 4．我是奴隶的后代，而他们是自由人的子孙，这种差异则无关紧要。因为我们在欧洲大地上相遇时，都在努力探求着各自的自我价值。当我们终于发现各自的自我价值之后，我们似乎都在感慨：这下可好啦，多少年来造成我们之间的隔阂的遗憾和痛苦之情，我们可再也不用死抱住不放了。 5．我们美国人彼此间的相互了解超过任何欧洲人所能达到的程度。这一点在本国不曾有人认识到，但一到欧洲，我们便认识得很清楚了。还有一点也显得很清楚：不论我们的祖先源于何处，也不管他们曾有过什么样的遭遇，我们美国黑人和白人都是欧洲造就出来的。这一事实就是我们的身分以及我们的遗传特征的组成部分。 6．在我认清这些之前，我在巴黎呆了两三年的时间。：待到认清这些之后，我就像许多前辈作家发现他的生活支柱全部被人拆掉了一样，遭受了一种精神崩溃的痛苦，不得不到瑞士的高山上去疗养。在那一片晶莹的雪山景色中，我以两张贝西·史密斯的唱片和一台打字机为工具，开始试图把自己孩提时代最初体验到的，多年来又一直想尽力忘却的生活经历再现出来。 7．是贝西·史密斯用她的音调和节拍帮我发掘出了当我还是个黑人小孩时本就使用过的说话口吻，使我重新忆起了小时闻、所见和所感。我已将这些深深藏在了心底。在美国，

(完整版)高级英语2第三版_张汉熙_课文翻译

Unit 1 Pub Talk and the King’s English 人类的一切活动中，只有闲谈最宜于增进友谊，而且是人类特有的一种活动。动物之间的信息交流，不论其方式何等复杂，也是称不上交谈的。 闲谈的引人人胜之处就在于它没有一个事先定好的话题。它时而迂回流淌，时而奔腾起伏，时而火花四射，时而热情洋溢，话题最终会扯到什么地方去谁也拿不准。要是有人觉得“有些话要说”，那定会大煞风景，使闲聊无趣。闲聊不是为了进行争论。闲聊中常常会有争论，不过其目的并不是为了说服对方。闲聊之中是不存在什么输赢胜负的。事实上，真正善于闲聊的人往往是随时准备让步的。也许他们偶然间会觉得该把自己最得意的奇闻轶事选出一件插进来讲一讲，但一转眼大家已谈到别处去了，插话的机会随之而失，他们也就听之任之。 或许是由于我从小混迹于英国小酒馆的缘故吧，我觉得酒瞎里的闲聊别有韵味。酒馆里的朋友对别人的生活毫无了解，他们只是临时凑到一起来的，彼此并无深交。他们之中也许有人面临婚因破裂，或恋爱失败，或碰到别的什么不顺心的事儿，但别人根本不管这些。他们就像大仲马笔下的三个火枪手一样，虽然日夕相处，却从不过问彼此的私事，也不去揣摸别人内心的秘密。 有一天晚上的情形正是这样。人们正漫无边际地东扯西拉，从最普通的凡人俗事谈到有关木星的科学趣闻。谈了半天也没有一个中心话题，事实上也不需要有一个中心话题。可突然间大伙儿的话题都集中到了一处，中心话题奇迹般地出现了。我记不起她那句话是在什么情况下说出来的——她显然不是预先想好把那句话带到酒馆里来说的，那也不是什么非说不可的要紧话——我只知道她那句话是随着大伙儿的话题十分自然地脱口而出的。 “几天前，我听到一个人说‘标准英语’这个词语是带贬义的批评用语，指的是人们应该尽量避免使用的英语。” 此语一出，谈话立即热烈起来。有人赞成，也有人怒斥，还有人则不以为然。最后，当然少不了要像处理所有这种场合下的意见分歧一样，由大家说定次日一早去查证一下。于是，问题便解决了。不过，酒馆闲聊并不需要解决什么问题，大伙儿仍旧可以糊里糊涂地继续闲扯下去。 告诉她“标准英语”应作那种解释的原来是个澳大利亚人。得悉此情，有些人便说起刻薄话来了，说什么囚犯的子孙这样说倒也不足为怪。这样，在五分钟内，大家便像到澳大利亚游览了一趟。在那样的社会里，“标准英语”自然是不受欢迎的。每当上流社会想给“规范英语”制订一些条条框框时，总会遭到下层人民的抵制。 看看撒克逊农民与征服他们的诺曼底统治者之间的语言隔阂吧。于是话题又从19世纪的澳大利亚囚犯转到12世纪的英国农民。谁对谁错，并没有关系。闲聊依旧热火朝天。 有人举出了一个人所共知，但仍值得提出来发人深思的例子。我们谈到饭桌上的肉食时用法语词，而谈到提供这些肉食的牲畜时则用盎格鲁一撒克逊词。猪圈里的活猪叫pig，饭桌上吃的猪肉便成了pork(来自法语pore)；地里放牧着的牛叫cattle，席上吃的牛肉则叫beef(来自法语boeuf)；Chicken用作肉食时变成poultry(来自法语poulet)；calf加工成肉则变成veal(来自法语vcau)。即便我们的菜单没有为了装洋耍派头而写成法语，我们所用的英语仍然是诺曼底式的英语。这一切向我们昭示了诺曼底人征服之后英国文化上所存在的深刻的阶级裂痕。 撒克逊农民种地养畜，自己出产的肉自己却吃不起，全都送上了诺曼底人的餐桌。农民们只能吃到在地里乱窜的兔子。兔子肉因为便宜，诺曼底贵族自然不屑去吃它。因此，活兔子和吃的兔子肉共用rabbit 这个词表示，而没有换成由法语lapin转化而来的某个词。 当我们今天听着有关双语教育问题的争论时，我们应该设身处地替当时的撒克逊农民想一想，新的统治阶级把法语用来对抗撒克逊农民自己的语言，从而在农民周围筑起一道文化障碍。当英国人在像觉醒者赫里沃德这样的撒克逊领袖领导下起来造反时，他们一定深深地感受到了文化上的屈辱。“标准英语”——如果那时候有这个名词的话——已经变成法语。而九百年后我们在美国这儿仍然继承了这种影响。 那晚闲聊过后，第二天一早便有人去查阅了资料。这个名词在16世纪已有人使用过。纳什作于1593年的《截获信函奇闻》中就有过“标准英语”(Queen’s English)的提法。1602年德克写到某人时有句话说：

八上英语课文

Unit 1 Rick: Hi, Helen, Long time no see. Helen: Hi, Rick, Yes, I was on vacation last month. Rick: Oh, did you go anywhere interesting? Helen: Yes, I went to Guizhou with my family. Rick: Wow! Did you see Huangguoshu Waterfall? Helen: Yes, I did. It was wonderful! We took quite a few photos there. What about you? Did you do anything special last month? Rick: Not really. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. Monday, July 15th I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. My sister and I tried paragliding. I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting! For lunch, we had something very special--Malaysian yellow noodles. They were delicious. In the afternoon, we rode bicycles to Georgetown. There are a lot of new building now, but many of the old buildings are still there. In Weld Quay, a really old place in Georgetown, we saw the houses of the Chinese traders from 100 years ago. I won der what life was like here in the past. I really enjoyed walking around the town. Tuesday, July 16th What a difference a day makes! My father and i decided to go to Penang Hill today. We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. When we got to the top, it was raining really hard. We didn’t have an umbrella so we were wet and cold. It was terrible! And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below. My father didn’t bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish. The food tasted great because I was so hungry. Unit 2 J: Hi, Claire, are you free next week? C: Hmm...next week is quite full for me, Jack. J: Really? How come? C: I have dance and piano lessons. J: What kind of dance are you learning? C: Oh, swing dance. It’s fun! I have class once a week, every Monday. J: How often do you have piano lessons? C: Twice a week, on Wednesday and Friday. J: Well, how about Tuesday? C: Oh, I have to play tennis with my friends. But do you want to come? J: Sure! What Do No.5 High School Students Do in Their Free Time? Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. Our questions were about exercise, use of the Internet and watching TV. Here are the results. We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day. Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. And twenty percent do not exercise at all. We all know that many students often go online, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. Most students use it for fun and not for homework.