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非谓语的用法总结

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非谓语动词的用法总结

李靖

非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）不是真正意义上的谓语动词，在句中都不能单独作谓

语。但都具有动词的某些特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语，构成非谓语动词短语。不定式表目的，

表将来；动名词表主动，表进行；过去分词表被动，表完成。

一?作主语（动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being,动名词做主语谓语动词用单数）

1）不定式、动名词都可做主语，但是动名词做主语多指抽象的概念性的动作，可以是多次的经常的行为；不定式多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。如：

Playing with fire is dan gerous.玩火危险。（泛指玩火）

To play with fire will be dangerous玩火会发生危险。

2）用动名词做主语的句型：

It ' s no use/no /pdeidsure doing sth故没有用处/好处/乐趣

It ' s a waste of time doing做th 7良费时间

It is worth doing sth值得做某事

It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收

It is worth making an appo in tme nt before you g去之前预约一下是值得的。

3）不定式做主语的句型.

It is + adj +for sb to do sth.

比较：表示人的品质时只能用of sb 如 considerate/kind/nice/foolish/stupid/rude/cruel /wise/clever/brave/selfish/crazy/good/careful/careless/impolite/right/wio单词出现

时。

It is silly of you to say so.

It is importa nt for us to lear n En glish well.

It is a must/ a necessity for us to have a good command of the English language.

4）“Wh- + to不定式”可做主语。女口：

When to leave hasr i t been decided ye什么时候动身还没定呢。

Whether to drive or take the train s still a problem是自驾车还是乘火车仍是一个问题。

5）一般情况下，不定式和动名词作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如:

Seeing is believi ng.= To see is to belieVI 见为实。

Plan ti ng flowers n eeds con sta nt wateri ng.

但and连接的多个动名词作主语，谓语动词大多用复数（如果前后动名词的语义一致，

谓语一般用单数）。如：Lying and stealing are immoral说谎与盗窃是不道德的。

6）动名词前面可以加上形容词性物主代词构成动名词的复合结构。女口：

——What made him an gry?

----- M ary' s /My/His/He/Their/ The boy ' s/ The president '

（marteitgriateigry.

7）过去分词不能单独做主语，前面必须加上being构成动名词，做主语。如：

Being_exposed_to_the_s|uni harmful to the skin

Being examined twice a yea whether it is a car, a bus or

the rule that every driver must obey in this city

经典练习：

1. It' s important for the figures ________ (update) regularly.

2. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times whensitbetter _____ (rema in)

sile nt.

3. It' s really stupid of you _______ (tell) him the news yesterday so it has been disturbing

him all the time.

4. _________ (un dersta nd)your own n eeds and styles of com muni cati on is as importa nt as

lear ning to convey your affect ion and emoti ons.

5. _________ (worry) about your grades dodsn help.

6. The engine just wont start. Someth ing seems ____ (go) wrong with it.

参考答案：1. to update 2. to remain 3. to have told 4. understanding 5. worrying 6.to go 改错题：一个句子最多有一处错误

1. It's standard practice for a company like this one employ a security officer.

2. Hear how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.

3. Know basic first-aid tech niq ues will help you resp ond quickly to emerge ncies.

4. Do well in an in terview will be an importa nt part of gett ing a place at uni versity.

5. He told us whether have a pic nic was still un der discussi on.

6. How prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem.

参考答案：1.在employ 前加to 2. Hear 改为Hearing 3. Know 改为Knowing

4. Do 改为Doi ng

5. have 前加to

6. preve nt 前加to.

二作定语

1) 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式

后面需要有相应的介词，如：

The Brow ns have a comfortable hous e live in

2) 用不定式作定语的几种情况：

a. 不定式表将来如：The car to be bought is for his sister.

b. 用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all, any the only等限定的中心词，且与中心词为逻辑上的主动关系，女

口：

He was the best mar to do the job.

She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.

c. 有些名词的同根词常跟不定式，因而它们也常跟不定式做定语，常见的有：promise, plan,

attempt, offer, decision, refusal, failure, ability, chance, warning, anxiety, eagerness, willingness, readineS S

I don' t trust his promise to come for a visit.

He said he had no pla n to go there.

He made an attempt to sta nd up.

Birds' singing is sometimes a warning to other birds to stay away.

3) 前置定语：V+ing可以表示正在进行，也可以表示特征；过去分词表示已经完成或状态请区别下面短语：

the boili ng/ boiled water.正沸腾的水(表正在进行)/白开水(表完成)

a good-look ing flower. 一朵好看的花儿(表特征)

the develop ing coun tries/ the developed coun trie发展中国家/发达国家

the falli ng leaves / the falle n leave正在下落的叶子/ 落叶

the remaining mon ey/ the money le剩下的钱

注意：英语中有些表示感觉的动词，其现在分词形式表示“令人感到…..的”，过去分词形式表示“感到….

的”如:

an excit ing voice 一个令人兴奋的声音an excited voice 一个兴奋的声音

a puzzling expression —个令人困惑的表情 a puzzled expression一个困惑的表情

4) 区别下列后置定语的用法：

厂to be done表示被动、将来；

done表示被动、完成；

彳being done表示被动、正在进行；

v+ing表示主动；

'动词的系表结构直接去掉动词be;

如果是不及物动词或者是感官系动词sound/taste/ feel/ smell/ loo和变化系动词就只有用

V+ing形式。

Have you read the nove W ritten by Dicke ns?

Liste n! The son g being sung s very popular with stude nts.

The questior to be discussed tomorrow" s meeting is a very important one.

The food tasting deliciou sells well.

注意：不定式在后置定语中只表示将来，不表目的；having dong或者having been done^

般用在状语中，不可以做后置定语，过去分词本身就表被动和完成。

请完成下面的练习

1. There are many people ___ (wait) outside the hall.

2. There are many problems ____ ( rema in) to be solved.

3. The flowers ______ (smell) sweet attract a lot of people.

4. There are many people _____ (in vite) to the party.

5. The film, ____ (set) in the 19ce ntury, won the medal.

6. The meeting _______ (hold) now is of great importa nee.

7. The meeting _______ (hold) yesterday was of great importa nee.

8. The meeti ng ______ (hold) tomorrow is of great importa nee.

9. He is always the first _____ (come) and the last _______ (leave)

10. He is the only pers on ______ (know) the truth.

11. He was the best ____ (do) the job.

13. A great nu mber of stude nts _______ (questi on) said they were forced to practice the pia no.

14. Joh n has really got the job because he showed me the official letter ___ (offer) it to him.

15. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _____ (provide)

16. Birds' singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _____ (stay) away.

17. The room is empty except for a bookshelf (stanc) in one corner.

18. Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of

mail _____ (wait) for her.

19. They might just have a place ____ (leave) on the writi ng cot—why don' t you give it a try?

20. In some Ian guages, 100 words make up half of all words ___ (use) in daily con versati ons.

21. Volun teeri ng gives you a cha nee ____ （cha nge） lives, in cludi ng your own.

参考答案：1.waiting 2.remaining3. smelling 4.invited 5. set6.being held 7.held 8. to be held

9. to come 10. to leave 11.to know 12.to do 13. questio ned 14. offeri ng 15. provided 16. to stay 17.

standing 18. waiting 19. lef20. used 21. to leave 22. to change

三.作表语（不定式/动名词/过去分词都可以做表语）

1. 动名词作表语表示抽象的概念性的动作，可以是多次的经常性的行为；不定式多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作例如：比较下列区别

His favorite sport is swimmi ng.泛指游泳）

Your task today is to wash the curtain指一次具体的工作）

2 - .excited/disappointed/frightened/pleased/satisfied/interested/puzzled/t感d1!…

-exciting/disappointing/frightening/pleasing/satisfying/interesting/puzzling/tiri令人…

He is moved by the moving movie.

The film is movi ng.

It is a pleasa nt trip.（pleasa nt 做前置定语）

The trip is pleasing/pleasing 做表语）

3. 注意下歹卩表达方式：My bag is missing/ lost/ gone. I find my bag missing/lost/gone.

4. remain的表语

1）remain to be done仍需去做/有待于… One problem remians to be solved.

It remians to be see whether the operati on was successful.

2）remain做"仍然是”讲时，可用名词，adj,介词，现在分词或者过去分词作表语

He remained stuck 滞留）abroad

Peter became a man ager, but Ja emained a worker.

Whatever achievements you ' ve made, y ema houiho bdest.无论你取得多么大的成就，你都该保持谦虚。

He had to remain in hospita l ntil he was better 他不得不一直住院直到身体好些。

This solid stone square tower hapt emained standing or one thousand years.

The guests came in, but sh emained sitting/seate at the desk readin 客人们都来了，但她还坐在写字台旁读书。

As before, her emained unmoved 他和以往一样无动于衷。

注意：1）用作不及物动词，意思是剩下；剩余；遗留”，此时不能用进行时态，也没有被动语态。

After the fire, very little rema in ed of his house火灾过后，他的家所剩无几。

2）remaining是形容词，意为剩余的"，常作前置定语；而left则只能作后置定语。例如: There are still some apples lefts 剩余一些苹果。

I bought a gift for her with the remai ning mon ey我用剩余的钱给她买了一件礼物。

3）remain作名词时表示剩余物” 一般用其复数形式。例如：

The archeologists found some remains of the Song Dyn 考古学家发现了一些宋代遗迹。

5. 1）主语+ seem +（to be ）+表语，表语多为名词或形容词

Tom seems （to be ） a very clever bo汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。

The man over there seems to be a new teac那边的那个人看上去像一个新老

2）主语+ seem to do sth

be doing sth have done sth

Mrs. Green doesn ' t s或?seems not ） to like the ide格林夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意。The childre n seemed to be eat ing someth ing in the roc孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西呢。The young man seemed to have cha nged mu这个年轻人看起来变化很大。

6. 当不定式用作表语时，其中的to原则上是不能省略的。如：

His aim is to do two years ' 他的目标标是一年干两年的工作。

但有一种例外，那就是当主语部分有动词do的某种形式时，用作表语的不定式可以省略to。

如：

What you first do is （to） mix the egg with flour你先得把鸡蛋和面粉和好。

All I did was （to） touch the wi ndow, and it broke我只不过碰了一下窗户，玻璃就碎了经典练习

1. My worry is your _____ （rely） too much on your pare nts.

2. Please rema in ____ （seat）; the winner of the prize will be announ ced soon.

3. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in

staying _______ （ connect）

答案：1.re lying 2.seated 3.c onn ected

四.作宾语（不定式和动名词都可以作宾语）

1. 只能用动名词作宾语的动词和短语

考虑、建议和原谅，承认、推迟没得想像

避免、继续练，否认完成停感谢

不禁止介意准逃亡

consider（考虑）；advise/suggest/propose/recomme建议）；excuse/pardoi原谅）；

admit/acknowledge承认）；delay/postpone/put o推迟）;imagine/fancy想像）；avoid （避免）；practise （练习）；deny（否认）;finish（完成）;appreciate/acknowledg感谢）;forbid 禁止）;mind（介意）;escape逃脱）；

此外，这些动词也跟动名词：miss（错过）；enjoy（享受）；risk冒险）；tolerate/bear/stand/put up with （容忍）；quit（停止）advocat e提倡）；resist （抵制）understan d理解）；allow/permit允许）

短语：

feel like doing st（喜欢做某事；give up doing放弃做某事）;keep doing不停的做某事）;be busy doing sth pan' t hedging sth （情不自禁）；be worth doing sth值得做某事）；

have difficulty/trouble doing sth（..有困难/麻烦）;have a hard/good time doing s 做….很开心/ 不开

It is no use/good /pleasure doing 做h.…没有用处/ 好处/ 乐趣

There is no point in doing sth= There is no need to do s没必要做某事

It' s a waste of time doing s做....浪费时间

It is worthwhile doing/ to do sth = be worthy to be done= be worthy of being done= be worth doing sth值得做某事

2. 只能用不定式作宾语的动词

决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装

主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮

decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask/beg, help,（afford, strive, happen, wait, threa诀之外的单词）

She prete nded not to see me whe n I passed by.

We agreed to meet here but so far she h fe turned up yet.

3. forget go on mean, regret, remember, stop, try等动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾

语，但意义上有区别。

forget to do sth ________________ forget doing sth ______________________

go on to do sth _________________ go on doing sth ______________________

mean to do sth ___________________ mean doing sth _________________

regret to say/tell/inform/announce _________________________________

regret doing sth/having done _______________________________________

remember to do sth _______________ remember doing sth _______________

stop to do sth ______________________ s top doing sth ___________________

try to do sth _____________________ try doing sth ________________________

can't help （to） do sth _______________ 'help doing sth ___________________

can't help but do sth =ca'but do sth ___________________

sb used to do sth ___________________ s b be used to doing sth ___________________

sth be used to do sth ________________________

be afraid to do stl不敢做某事be afraid of doing st担心发生某事

be sure to do st一定会..…be sure of doing st!信会..…

Let ' s go on studying Lesson（让我们继续学第六课。说明前面已学了一部分。）Let ' s go on to study Lesson6让我们接着学第六课。说明前面已学了第五课。）

I remember doing the exercise.（我记得做过练习。）

I must remember to do it.（我必须记着做这事。）

I tried not to go there.（我设法不去那里。）

I tried doing it again.（我试着又干了一次。）

Stop speaking.（不要讲话。）

He stopped to talk.（他停下来讲话。）

I mean to come early today.（我打算今天早些来。）

Miss ing the train means wait ing for ano ther hour误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时）

4. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用

非谓语动词用法归纳语法

非谓语动词用法归纳一、表格的用法 1. doing 的用法（1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid 避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge 承认/自认admit 承认advocate 提倡/ 主张consider 考虑can't help 不禁can't stand 受不了contemplate 细想complete 完成confess 坦白dislike 不喜欢，讨厌deserve 值得delay 延迟deny 否认dread 可怕defer 拖延detest 嫌恶enjoy 享有/喜爱envy 嫉妒endure 忍受excuse 借口escape 逃跑/ 逃避finish 完成forgive 原谅fancy 幻想/ 爱好favor 造成/ 偏爱figure 描绘/ 计算hate 讨厌imagine 设想involve 卷入/ 包含keep 保持miss 错过mention 说到/ 讲到mind 介意pardon 原谅/ 饶恕permit 允许postpone 推迟practice 实行/实践prevent 阻止quit 放弃停止risk 冒险recall 回想resist 抵抗/ 阻止resume 恢复repent 悔悟resent 怨恨stand 坚持/ 忍受suggest 建议save 营救/ 储蓄tolerate 忍受

worth 值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. 6）概括性, 一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting.

高考英语非谓语动词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)

高考英语非谓语动词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．(湖南) There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, ___________ at the night sky. A．to stare B．staring C．stared D．having stared 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词用法。句中的动词stare的逻辑主语是隐含主语I，两者之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。句意：没有比背躺在草地中间，盯着夜空更快乐的事情了。故B正确。考点：考查非谓语动词用法 2．______ the pictures on the screen more clearly, they moved to the front row. A．To watch B．Watching C．Watched D．Having watched 【答案】A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更清楚的看屏幕上的图片，他们移到了前排。表示目的用不定式，故选A。 3．______ to as much English as possible is a good way to learn English well. A．Exposed B．Being exposed C．Having exposed D．To expose 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：句意：尽可能多的接触英语是学好英语的很好的办法。这里is是谓语，前面是主语，应该用动名词，而且be exposed to“暴露于，接触”，所以选B。考点：考查动名词做主语 4．On the third floor there are two rooms, ________ used as a meeting-room. A．the larger of which B．one of them C．and a larger of them D．the largest one of which 【答案】B 【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意：三楼有两个房间，其中一个被用作会议室。如果选A项，是非限制性定语从句，从句应该用一般过去时态的被动语态，此处used是过去分词，所以A错；如果选C项，中间加and表明是并列句，the+比较级，才表示“两个当中更大的”，故C项错；因为是两个房间，不可能出现最高级，故D项错；只有选B项是过去

非谓语动词常考知识用法必背

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非谓语动词用法归纳

否定形式: not +不定式,not + 动名词,not + 现在分词

1.不定式与动名词作主语得区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) it is not very good for you to smoke so much.您抽这么多烟对您身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知得事或经验。

不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成得事或目得。 climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验) driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语得不定式短语后置。 it took me only five minutes to finish the job、动名词或不定式都可以在句中作主语,但在下列句型中常用动名词作主语。 it is / was no use / good + doing sth、 it is / was not any use / good + doing sth、 it is / was of little use / good + doing sth、 it is / was useless doing sth、 it is no use crying over spilt milk、覆水难收。 it is of little good staying up too late every day、每天都熬夜没有什么好处 2.不定式与动名词作宾语得区别英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词作直接宾语,但有些动词要求: (1)不定式做宾语与宾语补足语 1)下面得动词要求不定式做宾语 afford, agree, arrange, choose, decide, hope, expect, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend, seem 常跟不定式作宾语得动词歌诀: 三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝, 设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。 hope; wish; want ; agree; promise demand; ask; refuse manage; learn; decide pretend ; choose 想要拒绝命令,需要努力学习,期望同意帮助,希望决定开始。

非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)

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(完整版)非谓语的用法总结

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非谓语动词用法归纳(非常齐全)

it is / was no use / good + doing sth. it is / was not any use / good + doing sth. it is / was of little use / good + doing sth. it is / was useless doing sth. it is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 it is of little good staying up too late every day. 每天都熬夜没有什么好处 2．不定式和动名词作宾语的区别英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求： (1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语 1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语 afford, agree, arrange, choose, decide, hope, expect, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend, seem 常跟不定式作宾语的动词歌诀：三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝, 设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。 hope; wish; want ; agree; promise demand; ask; refuse manage; learn; decide pretend ; choose 想要拒绝命令，需要努力学习,期望同意帮助，希望决定开始。

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