中华人民共和国环境保护法(中英对照)
中华人民共和国环境保护法
中英文对照本Environmental Protection Law of People’s Republic of China
In English and Chinese
2014
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/637221491.html,
该版本《中华人民共和国环境保护法》英文译文由中欧环境治理项目组织翻译并印刷。
中欧环境治理项目是由欧盟委员会和商务部在环境治理领域共同开展的合作项目，项目额度为1850 万欧元。项目主管单位为环境保护部，具体实施单位为环境保护部环境与经济政策研究中心。项目总体目标为：通过推进中国环境信息公开、促进公众参与决策、拓阔诉诸司法渠道等方式，提高中国环境治理能力。项目为期五年，自2011 年进入全面实施阶段，2015 年12 月结项。
项目四大核心主题为：
-公众获取环境信息
-公众参与环境规划和决策
-环境司法
-企业环境责任
项目分为国家层面和地方层面。其中地方层面包括15 个地方伙伴关系项目，分属以上四大主题，在选定地方省市开展环境治理实践，在借鉴欧盟经验的基础上充分结合地方实际，提炼政策经验，提交项目国家层面。
项目国家层面主要工作包括针对以上四大主题介绍欧盟经验，开展相关研究、培训，推广地方层面产出，基于地方经验总结政策建议，支持环境领域立法及政策制定工作。
更多中欧环境治理项目信息及其他欧盟政策文件翻译，
请访问https://www.wendangku.net/doc/637221491.html,。
This is an unofficial version to English of the Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (published on 24 April 2014), undertaken by the EU – China Environmental Governance Programme for the convenience of international observers. The EU – China Environmental Governance Programme takes no liability for any errors in this translation. An official translation of the Law is expected to be published by the Chinese government in due course.
The EU-China Environmental Governance Programme (EGP) is a €15 million EU-funded programme implemented with China’s Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Environmental Protection. It comprises four themes:
1. Public access to environmental information
2. Public participation in environmental planning and decision making
3. Access to justice in environmental matters
4. Corporate environmental responsibility
For more information: https://www.wendangku.net/doc/637221491.html,
目 录
第一章总 则 (6)
第二章监督管理 (12)
第三章保护和改善环境 (22)
第四章防治污染和其他公害 (28)
第五章信息公开和公众参与 (38)
第六章法律责任 (44)
第七章附 则 (52)
Contents
Chapter 1General Provisions (7)
Chapter 2Supervision and Management (13)
Chapter 3Protection and Improvement of Environment (23)
Chapter 4Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution and Other Public Hazards (29)
Chapter 5Information Disclosure and Public Participation (39)
Chapter 6Legal Liability (45)
Chapter 7Supplementary Provisions (53)
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6
第一章
总 则
第一条为保护和改善环境，防治污染和其他公害，保障公众健康，推进生态文明建设，促进经济社会可持续发展，制定本法。
第二条本法所称环境，是指影响人类生存和发展的各种天然的和经过人工改造的自然因素的总体，包括大气、水、海洋、土地、矿藏、森林、草原、湿地、野生生物、自然遗迹、人文遗迹、自然保护区、风景名胜区、城市和乡村等。
第三条本法适用于中华人民共和国领域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域。
第四条保护环境是国家的基本国策。
国家采取有利于节约和循环利用资源、保护和改善环境、促进人与自然和谐的经济、技术政策和措施，使经济社会发展与环境保护相协调。
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Chapter 1
General Provisions
Article 1. This Law is formulated for the purpose of protecting and improving the environment, preventing and controlling pollution and other public hazards, safeguarding human health, promoting ecological civilization and facilitating economic and social sustainable development.
Article 2. "Environment " as used in this Law refers to the total body of all natural elements and artificially transformed natural elements affecting human existence and development, which includes the atmosphere, water, seas, land, minerals, forests, grasslands, wetland, wildlife, natural and human remains, nature reserves, historic sites and scenic spots, and urban and rural areas.Article 3. This Law shall apply to the territory of the People's Republic of China and other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China.
Article 4. Environmental protection is a basic national policy.
The State adopts economic and technical policies and measures that are favorable for conservation and recycling of resources, protection and improvement of environment and facilitation of harmony between human and nature, to coordinate economic and social development with environmental protection.
中华人民共和国环境保护法
8第五条环境保护坚持保护优先、预防为主、综合治理、公众参与、损害担责的原则。
第六条一切单位和个人都有保护环境的义务。
地方各级人民政府应当对本行政区域的环境质量负责。
企业事业单位和其他生产经营者应当防止、减少环境污染和生态破坏，对所造成的损害依法承担责任。
公民应当增强环境保护意识，采取低碳、节俭的生活方式，自觉履行环境保护义务。
第七条国家支持环境保护科学技术研究、开发和应用，鼓励环境保护产业发展，促进环境保护信息化建设，提高环境保护科学技术水平。
第八条各级人民政府应当加大保护和改善环境、防治污染和其他公害的财政投入，提高财政资金的使用效益。
第九条各级人民政府应当加强环境保护宣传和普及工作，鼓励基层群众性自治组织、社会组织、环境保护志愿者开展环境保护法律法规和环境保护知识的宣传，营造保护环境的良好风气。
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Article 5. Environmental protection sticks to the following principles: giving priority to protection, emphasis on prevention, integrated governance, public participation, and the one who causes damage bears the responsibility.Article 6. All units and individuals have the obligation to protect the environment.
Governments at all levels shall be responsible for the environmental quality of their jurisdictions.
Enterprises, public institutions and any producers/operators shall prevent and reduce environmental pollution and ecological destruction, and bear responsibility for their damage by law.
Citizens shall enhance environmental protection awareness, adopt low-carbon and thrift lifestyle, and conscientiously fulfill obligations of environmental protection.
Article 7. The State supports research, development and application of environmental protection science, encourages environmental protection industries, promotes environmental protection information technologies, and improves technical level of environmental protection science.
Article 8. Governments of all levels shall increase their fiscal investment on environmental protection and improvement, and prevention & control of pollution and other public hazards, and increase efficiency of fiscal funds.Article 9. Governments of all levels shall strengthen environmental protection propaganda and dissemination, encourage grass-root autonomous organizations, social organizations and environmental volunteers to carry out propaganda on environmental laws/regulations and knowledge to facilitate a sound atmosphere for environmental protection.
中华人民共和国环境保护法
10教育行政部门、学校应当将环境保护知识纳入学校教育内容，培养学生的环境保护意识。
新闻媒体应当开展环境保护法律法规和环境保护知识的宣传，对环境违法行为进行舆论监督。
第十条国务院环境保护主管部门，对全国环境保护工作实施统一监督管理;县级以上地方人民政府环境保护主管部门，对本行政区域环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。
县级以上人民政府有关部门和军队环境保护部门，依照有关法律的规定对资源保护和污染防治等环境保护工作实施监督管理。
第十一条对保护和改善环境有显著成绩的单位和个人，由人民政府给予奖励。
第十二条每年6月5日为环境日。
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Educational departments and schools shall incorporate environmental protection knowledge into school education and nurture environmental protection awareness among students.
News media shall carry out propaganda on environmental laws/regulations and knowledge, and exercise public supervision on environmental violation activities.
Article 10. The competent department of environmental protection under the State Council shall conduct unified supervision and management of the environmental protection work throughout the country. The competent departments of environmental protection administration of the local governments at or above the county level shall conduct unified supervision and management of the environmental protection work within areas under their jurisdiction.
The competent departments of local governments at or above the county level and environmental departments of army shall, in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws, conduct supervision and management of the resources protection and pollution prevention & control.
Article 11. The people's government shall give awards to units and individuals that have made outstanding achievements in protecting and improving the environment.
Article 12. June 5th is designated as Environment Day.
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12
第二章
监督管理
第十三条县级以上人民政府应当将环境保护工作纳入国民经济和社会发展规划。
国务院环境保护主管部门会同有关部门，根据国民经济和社会发展规划编制国家环境保护规划，报国务院批准并公布实施。
县级以上地方人民政府环境保护主管部门会同有关部门，根据国家环境保护规划的要求，编制本行政区域的环境保护规划，报同级人民政府批准并公布实施。
环境保护规划的内容应当包括生态保护和污染防治的目标、任务、保障措施等，并与主体功能区规划、土地利用总体规划和城乡规划等相衔接。
第十四条国务院有关部门和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府组织制定经济、技术政策，应当充分考虑对环境的影响，听取有关方面和专家的意见。
第十五条国务院环境保护主管部门制定国家环境质量标准。
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Chapter 2
Supervision and Management
Article 13. Local governments at or above county level shall incorporate environmental protection into national economy and social development plans.
The competent department of environmental protection under the State Council shall develop national environmental protection plan in accordance with national economy and social development plan, and submit to State Council for approval and issuance for implementation.
The competent departments of environmental protection administration of the local governments at or above county level, in cooperation with other relevant departments, shall develop environmental protection plans for their jurisdictions in accordance with national environmental protection plan and submit to people’s government at the same level for approval and issuance for implementation.
The environmental protection plans shall include objectives, tasks and supporting measures of ecological environmental protection and pollution prevention & control, and shall align with main function zoning plans, land use master plans and urban & rural development plans.
Article 14. The relevant departments under the State Council and governments at provincial/municipal and county levels shall take full account of environmental impacts and solicit opinions from experts and relevant stakeholders when developing economic and technical policies.
Article 15. The competent department of environmental protection administration under the State Council shall establish the national standards for environment quality.
中华人民共和国环境保护法
14省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对国家环境质量标准中未作规定的项目，可以制定地方环境质量标准;对国家环境质量标准中已作规定的项目，可以制定严于国家环境质量标准的地方环境质量标准。地方环境质量标准应当报国务院环境保护主管部门备案。
国家鼓励开展环境基准研究。
第十六条国务院环境保护主管部门根据国家环境质量标准和国家经济、技术条件，制定国家污染物排放标准。
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对国家污染物排放标准中未作规定的项目，可以制定地方污染物排放标准;对国家污染物排放标准中已作规定的项目，可以制定严于国家污染物排放标准的地方污染物排放标准。地方污染物排放标准应当报国务院环境保护主管部门备案。
第十七条国家建立、健全环境监测制度。国务院环境保护主管部门制定监测规范，会同有关部门组织监测网络，统一规划国家环境质量监测站(点)的设置，建立监测数据共享机制，加强对环境监测的管理。
有关行业、专业等各类环境质量监测站(点)的设置应当符合法律法
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The governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may establish their local standards for environment quality for items not specified in the national standards for environment quality, and develop stricter standards for items already included in national standards. Local environmental quality standards shall be reported to the competent department of environmental protection administration under the State Council for records.
The State encourages researches of environmental baselines.
Article 16. The competent department of environmental protection administration under the State Council shall, in accordance with the national standards for environment quality and the country's economic and technological conditions, establish the national standards for the discharge of pollutants.
The governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may establish their local standards for the discharge of pollutants for items not specified in the national standards; with regard to items already specified in the national standards, they may set local standards which are more stringent than the national standards. Local pollutants discharge standards shall be reported to the competent department of environmental protection administration under the State Council for records.Article 17. The State establishes and improves an environmental monitoring system. The competent department of environmental protection administration under the State Council shall formulate the monitoring norms and, in conjunction with relevant departments, organize a monitoring network, unify the planning for national environmental quality monitoring stations (points), establish information sharing system for monitoring data, and strengthen the management of environmental monitoring.
Deployment of various environmental quality monitoring stations (points) of
中华人民共和国环境保护法
16规规定和监测规范的要求。
监测机构应当使用符合国家标准的监测设备，遵守监测规范。监测机构及其负责人对监测数据的真实性和准确性负责。
第十八条省级以上人民政府应当组织有关部门或者委托专业机构，对环境状况进行调查、评价，建立环境资源承载能力监测预警机制。
第十九条编制有关开发利用规划，建设对环境有影响的项目，应当依法进行环境影响评价。
未依法进行环境影响评价的开发利用规划，不得组织实施;未依法进行环境影响评价的建设项目，不得开工建设。
第二十条国家建立跨行政区域的重点区域、流域环境污染和生态破坏联合防治协调机制，实行统一规划、统一标准、统一监测、统一的防治措施。
前款规定以外的跨行政区域的环境污染和生态破坏的防治，由上级人民政府协调解决，或者由有关地方人民政府协商解决。
第二十一条国家采取财政、税收、价格、政府采购等方面的政策和措施，鼓励和支持环境保护技术装备、资源综合利用和环境服务等环
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relevant sectors and professions shall be in conformity with laws/regulations and monitoring norms.
Monitoring institutions shall use equipment in conformity with national standards and comply with monitoring norms. Monitoring institutions and their responsible persons are liable for the authentity and accuracy of their monitoring data.
Article 18. Governments at or above provincial level shall organize relevant departments or retain professional institutions to conduct investigation and assessment on environment, and establish monitoring and early warning mechanism for environmental resources carrying capacity.
Article 19. Compilation of development plans and construction of project with impacts on environment are subject to environmental impact assessment in accordance with relevant laws.
The development plans for which environmental impact assessment required by law has not been conducted are not allowed to be implemented. The construction projects for which environmental impact assessment haven’t been conducted are not allowed to be constructed.
Article 20. The State establishes inter-jurisdiction joint prevention and control coordination mechanism for environmental pollution and ecological damage to implement unified planning, standards, monitoring and prevention & control measures.
Inter-jurisdiction environmental pollution and ecological damage other than defined above shall be resolved by coordination from upper level government or consultations of relevant local governments.
Article 21. The State will encourage and support environmental industries such as environmental protection equipment, resources recycling and environmental
中华人民共和国环境保护法
18境保护产业的发展。
第二十二条企业事业单位和其他生产经营者，在污染物排放符合法定要求的基础上，进一步减少污染物排放的，人民政府应当依法采取财政、税收、价格、政府采购等方面的政策和措施予以鼓励和支持。
第二十三条企业事业单位和其他生产经营者，为改善环境，依照有关规定转产、搬迁、关闭的，人民政府应当予以支持。
第二十四条县级以上人民政府环境保护主管部门及其委托的环境监察机构和其他负有环境保护监督管理职责的部门，有权对排放污染物的企业事业单位和其他生产经营者进行现场检查。被检查者应当如实反映情况，提供必要的资料。实施现场检查的部门、机构及其工作人员应当为被检查者保守商业秘密。
第二十五条企业事业单位和其他生产经营者违反法律法规规定排放污染物，造成或者可能造成严重污染的，县级以上人民政府环境保护主管部门和其他负有环境保护监督管理职责的部门，可以查封、扣押造成污染物排放的设施、设备。
第二十六条国家实行环境保护目标责任制和考核评价制度。县级以上人民政府应当将环境保护目标完成情况纳入对本级人民政府负有环
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service industries through policies and measures of fiscal investment, taxation, pricing and government procurement.
Article 22. Governments shall use fiscal, taxation, pricing and government procurement policies and measures to encourage and support those enterprises, institutions and other producers/operators that achieved further pollution reduction beyond compliance of applicable discharge standards.
Article 23. Governments shall provide support to those enterprises, institutions and other producers/operators that will be relocated or shut down by regulations for the sake of environmental improvement.
Article 24. The competent departments of environmental protection administration of the governments at or above the county level and environmental supervision institutions entrusted by them, or other departments invested by law with power to conduct environmental supervision and management shall be empowered to make on-site inspections on enterprises, institutions and producers/operators that discharge pollutants. The units being inspected shall truthfully report the situation to them and provide them with the necessary information. The inspecting departments, institutions and their staff shall keep confidential the business secrets of the units inspected.Article 25. For those enterprises, institutions and producers/operators that discharge pollutants violating laws/regulations and cause or may cause potential severe pollution, the competent departments of environmental protection administration of the governments at or above the county level and other departments invested by law with power to conduct environmental supervision and management have the power to close down and detain the equipment and facility that discharge pollutants.
Article 26. The State adopts environmental protection target accountability and performance evaluation system. Governments at or above county level shall
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20境保护监督管理职责的部门及其负责人和下级人民政府及其负责人的考核内容，作为对其考核评价的重要依据。考核结果应当向社会公开。
第二十七条县级以上人民政府应当每年向本级人民代表大会或者人民代表大会常务委员会报告环境状况和环境保护目标完成情况，对发生的重大环境事件应当及时向本级人民代表大会常务委员会报告，依法接受监督。