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【英语】中考英语阅读理解专题练习

一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）

1．阅读理解

Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents.

However, it is not true.

Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here is some advice for you to bridge the generation gap（消除代沟）.

Don't argue with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can't express yourself well if you are angry. Go to some-place to calm down. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter.

Try to reach a compromise（和解）.Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days. Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong.

Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life.

A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. Please have a try!

（1）The passage tells us have a communication problem.

A. parents and other people

B. school kids and their parents

C. teachers and their students

D. parents and their children of all ages

（2）Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you .

A. don't often get to them

B. write a letter to them

C. don't speak to them politely

D. express yourself well

（3）The underlined phrase "calm down" in the passage means " ".

A. make yourself happy

B. get yourself quiet and relaxed

C. have a good rest

D. hide yourself quickly

（4）From the passage we can learn that .

A. parents and children should not have a generation gap

B. parents should show love and respect to their children

C. there are some good ways to bridge the generation gap

D. there are so many serious problems in families today

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：有些人认为只有学校的孩子不同意他们的父母。但事实并非如此。沟通对所有年龄段的父母和孩子都是一个问题。如果你很难与父母沟通，不要担心。短文为我们提供了一些见建议，告诉我们如何弥合代购，同时告诉我们，只有与父母和好相处的人才会更有出息。

（1）细节理解题，根据Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages.可知短文谈论的是孩子和父母所面临的最为平常的问题，故答案是D。

（2）细节理解题，根据Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them.可知，如果喊叫着跟父母说，父母是不会同意你的想法的，故答案是C。

（3）细节理解题，根据And you can't express yourself well if you are angry. Go to some-place to calm down. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents.可知，calm down是冷静，镇静的意思，故答案是B。

（4）逻辑推理题，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述如何弥补代沟的建议，所以代沟是有好多办法来弥补的，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事实。

2．阅读理解

When he was small, Hill was a famous bad boy.

At the age of 9, his father married his stepmother. At that time they lived poorly in the countryside while his stepmother was from a wealthy family.

His father introduced Hill to his stepmother as he said, "Dear, I hope you notice in the entire shire this is the worst boy, who has made me have no other way. Maybe before tomorrow morning he will throw a stone at you, or do a bad thing you will never imagine."

To Hill's surprise, his stepmother went up to him with a smile, held up his head and looked at him carefully. She then turned around to tell her husband, "You're wrong. He is not the worst boy in the entire shire, but the cleverest and most creative boy. Only he doesn't find a place to show himself."

His stepmother's words warmed his heart, his eyes full of tears. With this, he started building friendship with his stepmother. And this became the drive of his life, making him create 28 successful golden rules, which helped tens of thousands of ordinary people walk on the road to success.

Before his stepmother came, no one praised him smart, and his father and neighbours considered him as a bad boy. However, his stepmother's words changed his life.

When Hill was 14 years old, his stepmother bought him a used typewriter and said to him, "I believe you will become a writer." Hill accepted his stepmother's gift and expectation, and started writing things to a local newspaper. He understood his stepmother's strong feeling of interest in

his family while he saw with his own eyes she had changed his family. Therefore, he would do as well as she expected him to.

The strength from his stepmother made him a rich man and famous writer in the United States and one of the most important persons in the 20th century.

Praise will never be unnecessary, especially for children. A sincere（真诚的）praise may be better than 10, 000 bad words.

（1）What did people think of Hill before the age of nine?

A. Clever.

B. Creative.

C. Unfriendly.

D. Foolish.

（2）Hill started making friends with his stepmother after she .

A. smiled at him

B. looked at him carefully

C. said good words about him

D. said bad words about him

（3）Which of the following is WRONG about Hill?

A. He accepted his stepmother's typewriter.

B. He failed to do as he was expected.

C. He started writing to a local newspaper.

D. He understood his stepmother.

（4）The passage was written mainly to tell us that .

A. children should be praised

B. Hill's father married again

C. Hill's stepmother was kind to him

D. Hill's father was cruel to him

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：小时候，希尔是一个坏孩子，当他九岁时，父亲娶了继母，父亲告诉吉姆他是个坏孩子，但是继母说他不会，而是个聪明的孩子，从此他跟继母的关系变的越来越好。在继母的关爱下成为美国著名的作家。

（1）细节理解题，根据When he was small, Hill was a famous bad boy.可知，希尔九岁前是个出了名的坏孩子，故答案是C。

（2）细节理解题，根据His stepmother's words warmed his heart, his eyes full of tears. With this, he started building friendship with his stepmother.可知，在继母说了他的好话后，他开始跟继母交朋友，故答案是C。

（3）正误判断题，根据Therefore, he would do as well as she expected him to.可知他跟继母期盼的做的一样好，因此B的陈述是错误的，故答案是B。

（4）主旨大意题，根据文章内容可知，继母的表扬让他发生了很大的变化，因此可知，孩子们是需要表扬的，故答案是A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、正误判断题和主旨大意题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；正误判断题同属于细节理解题，需要根据文章内容做出正误判定；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

Many years ago, there lived an old man with his three sons, Dharma, Harrison and Keith, in a village. The man worked hard when he was young, so he had the largest farmyard and the most

beautiful house in the village. However, his sons were all born to be lazy, which made him disappointed. He was worried that his sons would use up his money and starve to death.

One day, the old man came up with a plan. He called his sons and said to them, "Look, my dear sons. There is lots of hidden gold in the land at the farmyard. If you work together, you may find it."

In a wish to find out the gold, his sons worked hard from the morning to the evening digging and digging all through the land. Three days had passed, but they didn't find what they were looking for. They got frustrated and angry. They decided to give up and returned to ask their father.

"There is no gold in the land. We are cheated."

"Since the land has been dug soft, why don't you plant some crops there?" was the reply of the father to the sons.

Off went the sons. Soon the whole once useless land was rich crops.

"This is the real gold, my sons," said the proud father.

（1）What do we know about the old man?

A. He was the richest in his village.

B. He was unable to feed his family.

C. He loved daughters more than sons.

D. He was quite successful as a farmer.

（2）Why did the old man ask his sons to dig the land?

A. He was too old to do it himself.

B. He didn't have money.

C. He decided to teach his sons an important lesson.

D. He didn't want other people to set foot on his land.

（3）Why did his sons agree to dig the land?

A. They wanted to help their father.

B. They wanted to grow their own crops.

C. They didn't want to be lazy any more.

D. They wanted to find the hidden gold.

（4）What can we learn from the end of the story?

A. The old man had achieved his goal.

B. The three sons were still as lazy as before.

C. The sons were quite angry with their father.

D. The old man was still worried about his sons.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意；从前有一个老人，有三个儿子，但是三个儿子都很懒惰，于是老人想了一个办法，告诉他的儿子，他们地里埋藏着财宝，于是儿子们就翻遍了左右的地，但是啥也没有找到。老人在翻过的地上种上庄稼，说这才是真正的珍宝。

（1）细节理解题，根据文章内容The man worked hard when he was young, so he had the largest farmyard and the most beautiful house in the village.可知老人是一个成功的农民，故答案是D。

（2）逻辑推理题，根据This is the real gold, my sons,"可知，老人这样做的目的是为了

给孩子们上一课，故答案是C。

（3）细节理解题，根据In a wish to find out the gold, his sons worked hard from the morning to the evening digging and digging all through the land.可知，儿子们为了找到金

子而使劲地挖地，故答案是D。

（4）逻辑推理题，根据文章内容可知，儿子们把地翻好了，他能种庄稼了，所以他的目

的也就达到了，故答案是A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。细节理解题可以直接从文中

寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事实。

4．阅读理解

What could a poem writer and a film director share? More than you think！Langston Hughes began writing poems in high school and soon became one of America's greatest writers. Most of

his writing is about his experiences as an African American. He wrote poems about people who worked hard through life but still found things to be happy about. He wrote plays and books about justice（正义）for all people, and he wrote kids' books, too. The Sweet and Sour Animal Book is a book of his animal poems. Pictures and photos were used in the book." Hold fast to dreams" is a line in a famous Hughes poem. That's exactly what he did throughout his life.

When Steven Spielberg was in middle school, he wanted to make a film. He had an idea for a film, but no money. He started a tree-planting business and made his film with the money he earned. Spielberg never stopped making films, even after many film schools refused him. Today

he is one of the most popular and important filmmakers in the world. His films are about people

who are adventurous（爱冒险的）, brave, kind. His characters often fight for what is good. Some of his films are about his Jewish background, such as Schindler's List. Spielberg once said, "I

don't dream that much at night because I dream for a living." In different ways, both Hughes and Spielberg have encouraged people of all ages to reach for their dreams.

（1）What is the best title for the passage?

A. Two men who were afraid to dream

B. Two filmmakers who were afraid to dream

C. Two writers who weren't afraid to dream

D. Two men who weren't afraid to dream

（2）When Langston Hughes became great he was Steven Spielberg, who becomes popular.

A. as old as

B. as young as

C. younger than

D. older than

（3）Which of the following is Langston Hughes' writing not about?

A. His experiences as an African American.

B. The fair treatment of animals.

C. Hard-working and happy people.

D. The fair treatment of people.

（4）What did Langston Hughes do in his whole life?

A. He never gave up his wish.

B. He sometimes had a wish to achieve.

C. He always had no wish to achieve.

D. He always wrote poems for films.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了兰斯顿休斯高中时开始写诗，很快成为美国最伟大的作家之一，史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格上中学时，他想拍一部电影，今天他是世界上最受欢迎和最重要的电影制片人之一，他们用不同的方式鼓励人们实现他们的梦想。

（1）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了兰斯顿休斯和史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格用不同的方式鼓励人们实现梦想，即两个不害怕梦想的人，故选D。

（2）推断题。根据Langston Hughes began writing poems in high school and soon became one of America's greatest writers. When Steven Spielberg was in middle school, he wanted to make a film. He had an idea for a film, but no money可知兰斯顿休斯高中时开始写诗，很快成为美国最伟大的作家之一，而史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格上中学时，他想拍一部电影但是没有钱，所以中学时没有受欢迎，所以兰斯顿休斯变得受欢迎时更年轻，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Most of his writing is about his experiences as an African American. He wrote poems about people who worked hard through life but still found things to be happy about. He wrote plays and books about justice（正义）for all people, and he wrote kids' books, too.可知他的大部分作品都是关于他作为非裔美国人的经历。他写了一些诗，描写那些在生活中努力工作，但仍能找到快乐的事物的人。他为所有人写剧本和关于正义的书，他也写儿童读物，没有关于动物的公平对待的，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据Pictures and photos were used in the book." Hold fast to dreams" is a line in a famous Hughes poem. That's exactly what he did throughout his life.书中使用了图片和照片。“紧紧抓住梦想”是休斯一首著名的诗中的一句话。这正是他一生所做的。即从不放弃梦想，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解

Black is at City Art Center

A Trip into a Young Farmer's Mind

Chickens that can talk? Cows that can dance? They are all in Louis Black's comic books（漫画书）.

Louis Black was born on a farm. The quiet young man spent most of his life helping his parents on the farm. When he was nine, he started to draw the animals on the farm. Later, he put them into his comic books in his own funny way. They were enjoyed by his family but never shown to people outside the farm.

The shy farmer's comic books became famous only after he died. He passed on in a fire three years ago, when he was only 35.In order to remember him, his family showed his comic books in the town museum, and people liked them very much. Now the original（原始的）pictures of Louis Black's farm animals can be seen at the City Art Centre for one month.

Come and visit the beautiful world of Louis Black！

（1）At what age did Louis begin to draw the animals on the farm?

A. At9.

B. At 13.

C. At23.

D. At 35.

（2）The underlined part "passed on" is the closest in meaning to " ". A. sat B. rose C. died D. stood

（3）Which is the RIGHT order of what happened?

a. His books became popular.

b. His family enjoyed his books.

c. He passed on in a fire.

d. He started to draw animals.

e. He was born on a farm. A. a-b-c-d-e B. e-b-d-a-c C. e-d-b-c-a D. b-d-c-e-a

（4）What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To plan a trip to visit a farm.

B. To tell people about an art show.

C. To attract people to the farm.

D. To share ideas of drawing comic books.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了一个城市艺术节目。

（1）细节题。根据When he was nine, he started to draw the animals on the farm.可知Louis9岁时开始在农场里画动物，故选A 。

（2）细节题。根据The shy farmer's comic books became famous only after he died.可知这位腼腆的农民死后，他的漫画书才出名，所以passed on 意思是死亡，即died ，故选C 。

（3）细节题。根据第三段第一句Louis Black was born on a farm.可知e 是第一个；根据第三段第三句When he was nine, he started to draw the animals on the farm.可知d 是第二个；根据第三段第五句They were enjoyed by his family but never shown to people outside the farm.可知b 是第三个；根据第四段第二句He passed on in a fire three years ago, when he was only

35.可知c 是第四个；根据第四段第一句The shy farmer's comic books became famous only after he died.可知去世后农民的书变得著名的，所以a 是第五个，故选C 。

（4）细节题。根据全文可知主要讲了一个城市艺术节目，故选B 。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

6．阅读理解

Boston Children's Museum is the second oldest children's museum in the United States. It has been teaching children with a huge collection of objects （可触摸的实物） since 1913. Here's a list of some interesting exhibits in the museum. Arthur &. Friends This exhibit features the characters （人物） from Marc Brown's books and the television series. Children can learn and play in the Read Family Kitchen, Mr

Ratburn's Classroom and the Backyard Sleepover.

Art Studio Art Studio is a place where children and their parents can create art together. The

Common The Common is a place where visitors can experience light shows, musical chairs, a gigantic checkers game and many other activities.

Japanese Japanese House is a real two-storey house from Kyoto, Japan, Boston's Japanese

House sister city. Visitors can learn about 'Japanese family life, culture, art and seasonal events at the exhibit.

Kid Power This exhibit teaches visitors how to live healthier lives by eating right and exercising.

A. One.

B. Two.

C. Three.

D. Four.

（2）Which of the following is TRUE?

A. The museum is over 100 years old.

B. Arthur is a real person.

C. Parents cannot go into Art Studio.

D. Japanese House is in Kyoto right now.

（3）Seven-year-old Tony is interested in checkers games. Which exhibit should he visit? A. Art Studio. B. The Common. C. Japanese House. D. Kid Power.

（4）Children can learn about healthy eating at _______________.

A. Arthur & Friends

B. Art Studio

C. Japanese House

D. Kid Power

（5）The passage is most probably a _______________.

A. speech

B. notice

C. poster

D. story

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍波士顿儿童博物馆，这里孩子可以触摸实物，并且介绍了博物馆一些有趣的展览处所。

（1）细节题。根据Boston Children's Museum is the second oldest children's museum in the United States.波士顿儿童博物馆是美国第二最古老的儿童博物馆。可知，美国只有一个博物馆比波士顿儿童博物馆更古老，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据It has been teaching children with a huge collection of objects（可触摸的实物） since 1913.可知，博物馆已有100多年了，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据The Common is a place where visitors can experience light shows, musical chairs, a gigantic checkers game.可知，托尼对跳棋游戏感兴趣，可以去the common，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据This exhibit teaches visitors how to live healthier lives by eating right and exercising.可知，孩子们可以在Kids power学习到健康饮食，故选D。

（5）推断题。本文介绍了波士顿儿童博物馆，而且详细介绍了博物馆里一些处所，这篇文章很可能是一篇海报，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

7．阅读理解

Vanuatu is an island nation in the South West Pacific. It is one of the smallest countries in the world. But for those who are interested in adventure and sports, there is a lot to do. Vanuatu's islands offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano（火山） surfing and land diving.

Volcano Surfing On Tanna Island, Mount Yasur rises 361 metres into the sky. Yasur is an active volcano, and it erupts（爆发） almost every day, sometimes several times a day. For centuries, people have climbed this mountain to visit the top. Recently, people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano. In some ways, volcano surfing is like surfing in the sea, but in other ways it's very different. Volcano surfers try to escape the erupting volcano-- without getting hit by flying rocks! It's fast, fun and dangerous- the perfect extreme sport（极限运动）.

Land Diving Most people are familiar with bungee jumping, but do you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old? The activity, first called land diving, is part of a religious ceremony（宗教仪式）. A man ties tree vines（树藤） to his legs. He then jumps head- first from a high tower to touch the earth with the top of his head- without breaking the vine. Every spring, island natives （men only）still take part in this amazing activity.

（1）In the first paragraph, what does the underlined word refer to?

A. People.

B. Animals.

C. Activities.

D. Islands.

（2）According to the passage, Mount Yasur?

A. is no longer active

B. is on Pentecost Island

C. erupts almost every day

D. rises 800 metres into the sky

（3）Why have people recently started climbing Mount Yasur?

A. Because people can climb it easily.

B. Because people can make money.

C. Because people can watch snow on it.

D. Because people can surf the volcano.

（4）Which of the following about land diving is TRUE?

A. It is not dangerous at all.

B. It was first called "bungee jumping".

C. It is a traditional activity in Vanuatu.

D. It came to Vanuatu from another country.

（5）What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To tell people not to do dangerous sports.

B. To explain what volcano surfing and land diving are.

C. To talk about the world's best volcano surfer and land diver.

D. To compare activities in Vanuatu with sports in New Zealand.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了瓦努阿图群岛为游客提供了世界上最激动人心和最危险的两项活动：火山冲浪和陆地潜水。

（1）细节题。根据句子定语从句who可知指的是人，可知对于对冒险和运动感兴趣的人

来说，有许多事情可做，所以those指的是人，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据Mount Yasur rises 361 metres into the sky. Yasur is an active volcano, and it erupts（爆发） almost every day可知Mount Yasur几乎每天爆发，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Recently, people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano.最近，人们也开始攀登雅苏火山。故选D。

（4）细节题。根据Land Diving Most people are familiar with bungee jumping, but do you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old?陆地跳水大多数人都熟悉蹦极跳，但你知道蹦极跳始于瓦努阿图的五重岛，几乎有十五世纪的历史吗？可知它是一种传统的活动，故选C。

（5）细节题。根据Vanuatu's islands offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano（火山） surfing and land diving.可知主要讲了瓦努阿图群岛为游客提供了世界上最激动人心和最危险的两项活动：火山冲浪和陆地潜水，目的是介绍火山冲浪和陆地潜水是什么，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

8．阅读理解

To protect the environment, we are on the way. Here are a few things we can do.

Unwanted gifts? Give them away!

Have you ever received a gift that you didn't like? Did you throw it away? If so, you can have another choice now. Two British companies hopes people will give away their unwanted gifts to them. And they will resell the gifts to raise money for the poor. In this way, the gifts can be refused and have a future life. And people can make a difference to the world.

Wear the trousers that reduce（减少） pollution!

A chemistry scientist and a fashion designer（时装设计师）have created a new kind of trousers. The trousers are made of a new material which can help reduce air pollution around us. Scientists have tested the material. The result shows that it isn't harmful to human. This new kind of trousers may appear at the market in two years. Professor Ryan said, "If thousands of people wear the trousers, the air quality will be improved."

Plant trees with Felix

Felix Finkbeiner, a 14-year-old German boy, is not famous as a child actor but an environment hero. At the age of 9, Felix got the idea that children could do something to protect the environment. So he started a club. Felix soon got support from children all over the world. Some of them have become his good friends. The club has an aim of planting 212 million trees. They have planted over 3.5 million trees all around the world. Felix said, "The answer to controlling global （全球的） warming is trees-lots of tre es!”

（1）The companies resell the unwanted gifts .

A. to make the unwanted gifts useful

B. to help people learn to think carefully

C. to save money from it

D. to make money for themselves

（2）The trousers mentioned in the passage .

A. have been created by a physics scientist and a fashion designer

B. can help make air pollution less

C. will do harm to people

D. will be popular in two years

（3）Felix started a club .

A. to become famous

B. to become a child actor

C. to protect the environment with other children

D. to make friends with the children around the world

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文主要介绍了人们为了保护环境而想出的三种方法。（1）细节理解题。根据 And they will resell the gifts to raise money for the poor. 可知这家公司回收礼品主要是为了从中为贫困人群募集资金，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据 Wear the trousers that reduce（减少） pollution! 及下文描述，可知这种裤子有利于减少空气污染。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段At the age of 9, Felix got the idea that children could do something to protect the environment. So he started a club. Felix soon got support from children all over the world. 可知他建立这个俱乐部的主要目的就是为了和全球的孩子们在一起保护地球，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在文章中找到依据，选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

We all know that many inventions have changed our life a lot. They play important roles in our daily life. Here are some interesting inventions.

Lyfe, which came out in June.

Little Printer

It looks lovely and is called Little Printer, This machine can print news headlines（摘要）, riddles and other things on a roll（卷）of paper, If you want to make your own little newspaper, don't forget to use it.

A. steel

B. plastic

C. gold

D. wood

（2）What's the main use of the Little Printer?

A. To protect our heads more safely.

B. To tighten or loosen by themselves around the feet.

C. To float and turn in the water.

D. To print news headlines, riddles and other things.

（3）The underlined word "button" means "_________" in Chinese.

A. 按钮

B. 门铃

C. 电梯

D. 键盘（4）What kind of invention can float in the passage?

A. Morpher.

B. Little Printer.

C. Flyte.

D. HyperAdapt.（5）Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

A. Maybe everyone wants the pair of shoes in the movie Back to the Future.

B. You can make your own little newspaper with the Little Printer.

C. Flyte has been popular with most people since it came out in February.

D. Morpher can be folded almost completely flat, making it easier to carry.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

（5）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：发明改变了我们的生活，在日常生活中起到了重要作用。文章介绍了四种有趣的发明：可以变形的自行车头盔，超适应的鞋，漂浮和转动的灯泡和小型打印机。

（1）细节理解题，根据Morpher is a bike helmet made of plastic.可知Morphe是塑料制成的，故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据This machine can print news headlines（摘要）, riddles and other things，可知小型打印机可以打印文章的标题，谜语还有其他的东西，故答案是D。（3）细节理解题，根据When you push a | button on the shoe,可知是要按鞋上的按钮因此button的意思是按钮，故答案是A。

（4）细节理解题，根据Flyte is a light bulb that can float and turn.可知Flyte可以漂浮，故答案是C。

（5）正误判断题，根据Flyte has been popular with most people since it came out in January,可知Flyte是二月份发明的，而不是一月份，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中

寻找答案；正误判断题同属于细节理解题，需要根据文章内容做出正误判定。

10．阅读理解

Different countries have different customs. When you are in different countries, you should follow their customs.

In China, it's impolite to talk when eating dinner. And you're not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table.

Very often people who travel to the United States forget to tip（付小费）. It is usual to tip waiters, taxi drivers and porters who help carry your bags. Waiters expect to get a 15% tip on the cost of your meal. Taxi drivers expect about the same amount.

In England, make sure to stand in line even if there are only two of you. It's important to respect（尊重）lines there. It's a good idea to talk about the weather. It's a favorite subject of conversation with the British.

In Spain（西班牙）, it's a good idea to have a light meal in the afternoon if someone invites you for dinner. People have dinner very late, and restaurants do not generally open until after 9:00 p. m.

In Saudi Arabia（沙特阿拉伯）, men kiss one another on the cheek. Your host may welcome you with a kiss on both cheeks. It is polite of you to do the same.

In Japan, people usually give personal or business cards to each other when they meet for the first time. When a person gives you a card, don't put it into your pocket（口袋）as soon as you get it. The person expects you to read it.

Don't forget to be careful about your body language to express something in conversations. A kind of body language that is acceptable in one culture may be impolite in another.

（1）What does the underlined word "porters" mean in Chinese？

A. 搬运工

B. 水电工

C. 建筑工

D. 环卫工（2）If you travel to the US, and you spend $ 200 on a taxi ride and $ 320 on a meal, you are supposed to tip in total.

A. $520

B. $78

C. $156

D. $60

（3）Which of the following is TRUE？

A. You are expected to kiss your host on the cheek in Japan.

B. Generally, restaurants don't offer dinner after 9:00 p. m. in Spain.

C. It's impolite to eat first if there are older people at the table in China.

D. You don't need to stand in line if there are two people waiting for a bus in England.

（4）What does the passage mainly talk about？

A. Where to travel.

B. How to tip in different countries.

C. When to use body language.

D. Customs in different countries.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍不同的国家有不同的习俗。当你在不同的国家时，你应该遵循他们的习俗。

（1）词义猜测题。根据who help carry your bags帮你搬东西的人可知，porters是搬运工的意思，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据服务员希望得到15%的餐费小费。出租车司机期望大约相同的数额服务员希望得到15%的餐费小费。出租车司机期望大约相同的数额可知，如果你去美国旅行，坐出租车花200美元，吃饭花320美元，你应该总共付小费是（200+320）*20%=78美元，故选B。

（3）推理题。根据you're not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table如果餐桌上有老年人，你不应该先吃饭可知，如果中国的餐桌上有老年人，先吃饭是不礼貌的正确，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据本文介绍不同的国家有不同的习俗。当你在不同的国家时，你应该遵循他们的习俗可知，文章主要讲述不同国家的风俗，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读理解

Barry is having a very difficult time in his life. His wife recently passed away. He is very sad.

Barry's neighbor, a very old woman named Gertrude, sees him from her yard one day. She has not seen him outside for days!

"Hello, Barry! Just look at this fence. It is broken. You are a strong man, and you have some free time. I want you to fix this fence for me," Gertrude says.

Barry is angry. He thinks the old lady is very selfish. Still, he knows she is a nice woman, and he respects her. He agrees to help her.

Barry works for days. Gertrude brings him lemonade while he works. When he finishes, he smiles for the first time in months.

"You did such a wonderful job. Do you think you could paint it for me?" Gertrude smiles at him. Barry cannot believe his ears. Doesn't she know how sad he is? But because he respects her so much, Barry agrees. He works hard in the hot sun, but Gertrude's lemonade and encouragement are wonderful. He feels proud of the beautiful fence he is making.

Over the next few weeks, Gertrude keeps giving Barry jobs. He even repairs her door. All the neighbors pass by and tell Barry what a beautiful job he has done.

He finally realizes that she has never been rude. She is really very wise. He knows that simply getting busy with something can take sorrow away. He helps her, but she truly saves him.

（1）Why does Barry agree to help Gertrude to fix the fence?

A. Because he thinks Gertrude is too old.

B. Because he has some free time.

C. Because he is strong enough.

D. Because he respects her.

（2）Barry does a lot for Gertrude, but he doesn't ________ for her.

A. repair the door

B. fix the fence

C. paint the fence

D. buy lemonade （3）What does the underlined word "sorrow" mean in Chinese?

A. 愤怒

B. 遗憾

C. 悲伤

D. 喜悦（4）From the text, we can learn that Gertrude is ________.

A. selfish and rude

B. kind but rude

C. nice and wise

D. friendly but selfish

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章中介绍了一个叫巴里的男子丧妻，非常难过，他的邻居是一位老太太，为了让他从痛苦中解脱出来，就让巴里为她干一些家务活，通过不断地干活与交流，巴里从悲伤中解脱出来，同时感受到到邻居的爱心与良苦用心。

（1）细节理解题。根据Still, he knows she is a nice woman, and he respects her. He agrees to help her at last.可知Barry非常敬重这位老太太，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据I want you to fix this fence for me；Do you think you could paint it for me?以及He even helps repairing her door.可知Barry为老太太修门，篱笆以及在篱笆上画画，但是没有买柠檬水，故选D。

（3）词义推断题。根据 His wife recently passed away. He is very sad. 可知Barry很悲伤，但是他的邻居Gertrude，通过让Barry忙碌起来的方式，让Barry忘记自己的悲痛，因此sorrow意为“悲伤”故选C。

（4）理解归纳题。由文章内容可知Gertrude是一个友善明智的人。故选C。

12．阅读理解

In Canada and the United States, there is a new group of children called "satellite kids", who live in one place but whose parents live in another place.

Asians are immigrating （移居） to Canada and the United States in larger numbers than ever before. Most Asians immigrate because they believe that they can give their children a better education in the west. In Asia, especially in China, Japan and Korea, it is difficult to go to university. Students must first pass the strict national examination. However, in Canada and the United States, it is easy to go to university, and anyone who wants to go can go. As a result, Asian parents decide to leave their countries so that their children can go to university.

The problem is that when Asians arrive, they discover that finding a job and making money are more difficult in the west. So these children become "satellite kids", and most of their parents do not know how sad it is to be a "satellite kid".

Only until now are Canadians and Americans discovering the "satellite kids" problem. Because these children do not speak English and because their parents are not there to take care of them, they are often absent from school. To be a "satellite kid" means growing up in such a country, where you know you are different and you can't make friends because you do not speak English well. Also, it means growing up alone, because your parents are not there.

（1）"Satellite kids" refer to （指代） the Asian kids .

A. without parents

B. living abroad alone

C. with university education

D. not speaking English

（2）Some Asian immigrant children become "satellite kids" because their parents .

A. want to leave their own country

B. want them to go to university

C. return to their countries to work

D. want them to depend on themselves

（3）The following problems of "satellites kids" are right except .

A. they grow up alone

B. they don't often go to school

C. they can make friends easily

D. their parents can not look after them

（4）What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Parents feel lonely abroad.

B. Parents want a better education for their kids.

C. Canadians and Americans' kids can't find jobs easily.

D. Kids in foreign countries alone are very in need of care from families.

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了在美国和加拿大“Satellite kids”他们远离父母，现在很多亚洲孩子去美国和加拿大上学，在学习和生活上有很多的问题，他们需要父母的关爱。

（1）细节理解题。

In Canada and the United States, there is a new group of children called "satellite kids", who live in one place but whose parents live in another place.在加拿大和美国，有一群新的孩子们被称为“卫星孩子”，他们居住在一个地方，父母居住在另一个地方，可知这些亚洲孩子们单独居住在国外，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据 As a result, Asian parents decide to leave their countries so that their children can go to university. 结果，亚洲父母决定离开国家以便于他们的孩子们能上大学。可知父母让他们去美国和加拿大是为了上大学。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据 Because these children do not speak English and because their parents are not there to take care of them, they are often absent from school. To be a "satellite kid" means growing up in such a country, where you know you are different and you can't make friends because you do not speak English well. Also, it means growing up alone, because your parents are not there. 可知父母不能好好照顾他们，他们经常旷课，因为他们英语说不好，不能交朋友。因为父母不在那里，他们单独长大。可知选项C的叙述和短文不符，故选C。

（4）推理判断题。从短文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲的是在外国学习的孩子们缺少父母的陪伴造成的一系列问题，可知这些孩子们需要家庭的关注。故选D。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。这篇短文内容简单，容易理解。通过分析问题，找到问题的关键，然后仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中找到和问题相关的句子，确定问题答案。对于推理判断题要根据文章的主要内容和作者的观点进行判断，不能主观臆断。

13．阅读理解

Our monthly talks start at 19: 30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book. They end around 21: 00.

November 7th The Canal（运河）Pioneers（先驱者）, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early "civil engineers".

December 5th Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.

Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London's ice trade grew.

February 6th An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroud water Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.

March 6th Eyots and Aits---Thames Istands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest. （1）When is the talk on James Brindley?

A. On February 6th.

B. On March 6th.

C. On November 7th.

D. On December 5th.（2）What is the topic of the talk in February?

A. The Canal Pioneers.

B. Ice for the Metropolis.

C. Eyous and Aits -Thames Istands.

D. An Update on the Cotswold Canals.

（3）Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames?

A. Miranda Vickers.

B. Malcolm Tucker.

C. Chris Lewis.

D. Liz Payne.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了博物馆每个月的讲座安排。

（1）细节题。根据11月7日运河（运河）先锋（先驱者），作者克里斯·刘易斯。詹姆斯·布林德利是公认的早期运河工程师之一可知，11月7日是关于James Brindley的讲座，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据 February 6th An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroud

water Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play 2月6日利兹·佩恩报道科茨沃尔德运河的最新情况。斯特劳德运河正朝着重新开放的方向发展。泰晤士河和塞文运河将需要一点时间。我们将有一份关于比赛现状的报告，可知二月份谈话的主题是科茨沃尔德运河的最新消息，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据March 6th Eyots and Aits---Thames Istands, by Miranda Vickers可知Miranda Vickers 将在泰晤士河中的岛屿上发表演讲，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

14．阅读理解

Have you noticed your life becoming a little easier? Now, when you go to a certain shopping mall, you can enjoy its free Wi-Fi there. When you want to take a taxi, you can book one with your phone. In fact, all these can be seen as the basic parts of a smart city.

The idea of a smart city was brought up by US company IBM in 2010. Generally, a smart city is a city that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve city planning, save money and resources, and make our life convenient. How smart can a city be? Here are great examples that we can learn from.

In 2009, Dubuque became the first smart city in the US. The city used smart water meters to take the place of traditional water me tens. They can detect （探测） water waste and leakage （泄漏） and send data to let the house owner know. The same system is used for other city resources like electricity and natural gas. In this way, people know how they use their resources and are glad to help reduce waste.

Santander in Spain also gives us a look at the future. If people point a phone toward a nearby bus stop, the phone immediately shows all bus lines that serve the stop as well as their arrival times. The government organized a research team and provided an App （应用程序）that collects data on almost everything: light, temperature, and the movements of cars and people. Opening the App near a supermarket provides immediate information on special offers.

（1）The underlined word "convenient" is closest in meaning to "______".

A. useful

B. normal

C. suitable

D. easy

（2）Compared with traditional water meters, smart water meters do better in ______. A. cleaning water B. supplying water C. saving water D. producing water （3）The example of Santander shows the use of smart systems in aspects （方面）EXCEPT ______.

A. business

B. health care

C. traffic controlling

D. public transportation （4）What's the main idea of the passage?

A. Digital technologies help improve city planning.

B. Smart cities will make our future life better and smarter.

C. Smart cities are very common in both Dubuque and Santander.

D. Spain and the US take the leading position in building smart cities.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要对智能城市进行了基本介绍，又通过迪比克和桑坦德的例子介绍了智能城市为生活所带来的便捷。

（1）猜测词句题。由语句Generally, a small city is a city that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve city planning, save money and resources 可知，总的来说，小城市就是使用数码科技例如互联网去提高城市计划，节省金钱和资源。由此可推知，节省金钱、能源，可以使我们的生活更加轻松便捷。easy 意为“轻松的”，符合题意。useful 意为“有用的”，normal 意为“普通的”，suitable 意为“适合的”，均不符合题意。故正确答案为D。（2）细节理解题。由文中语句This way, people know they use their resources and are glad to help reduce waste 可知，通过这种方式，人们就可以知道他们使用的资源并愿意减少资源的浪费。由此可知，智能水表可以在节约水资源方面做的比传统水表更好。save water 意为“节约水资源”，符合题意。故正确答案为C。

（3）细节理解题。A项，由第四段第四句Opening the App near a supermarket provides immediate information on special offers 可知，在超市旁边打开这个应用程序，可以马上推送特价商品的信息。由此可推知，智能系统在商业（business）中有所应用。B项，health care 意为“健康管理”，文章没有提及。C项，由第四段第二句 If people point a phone toward a nearby bus stop, the phone immediately shows all bus lines that sever the stop as well as their arrival times 可知，如果人们用手机指向一个附近的公交车站，手机就会马上展示出所有的会在这站停的公交车路线。由此可推知，智能系统在交通控制（traffic controlling）方面有所应用。D项，由第四段第二句 If people point a phone toward a nearby bus stop, the phone immediately shows all bus lines that sever the stop as well as their arrival times 可知，如果人们用手机指向一个附近的公交车站，手机就会马上展示出所有的会在这站停的公交车路线。由此可推知，智能系统在公共交通（public transportation）方面有所应用。故正确答案为B。

（4）主旨归纳题。A项，意为“电子科技帮助提升了城市规划”，只在第一段中有所提及。故A项错误。B项，意为“智能城市使我们未来的生活更好更智能”，文章主要对智能城市进行了基本介绍，又通过迪比克和桑坦德的例子介绍了智能城市为生活所带来的便捷。故B项正确。C项，意为“智能城市在迪比克和桑坦德非常普遍”，文章第三段和第四段主要介绍了智能应用在两座城市中的应用，并没有提到普及型。故C项错误。D项，意为“西班牙和美国在建设智能城市方面处于领导地位”，文章提到美国的迪比克是第一个智能城市，西班牙也采用了智能城市，但是并没有提到领导地位。故D项错误。故正确答案为B。

15．阅读理解

I often hear some students say English is difficult, and it gives them a headache. So they can't learn it well. But English is very easy for me. I'm good at it. I'm very glad to tell you something about how I study English.

First, I think an interest in English is very important. When I was in Grade One, we had a new subject-English. It was fresh to me. I became interested in it, so I worked hard at it. Soon we had an English exam and I got a very good mark. How happy I was! Since then, I have been learning English harder and harder. Our English teacher often taught us English songs, and the songs sounded nice. I often think how interesting English is!

Second, English is another language different from our Chinese. We should learn it in the following ways: Listen to the teacher carefully in class, speak bravely, read aloud and have a larger and larger vocabulary, and then practice again and again. And I have a good habit: whenever I have a question, I must make it clear by asking our English teacher. How happy I am when I understand it!

Besides, I often read English stories, jokes and easy novels. From these I know English is not only interesting, but also useful. They help me understand a lot of things. So, to do more reading is an important way to learn English well.

And I also do some exercises in our workbooks, and I keep English diaries. English has become a close friend of mine.

Now I have learned English for more than two years. I am always in the first place in our class. Of course, I hope every classmate of mine can learn English well, too.

（1）Why do some students often have a headache when studying English?

A. Because they often catch a cold.

B. Because it's often very cold.

C. Because they think English is easy.

D. Because they don't think English is easy.

（2）The writer tells us that we should be ______ in English if we want to learn it well. A. excited B. interested C. quiet D. happy

（3）The sentence "I got a very good mark" means .

A. I got a good way

B. I had a good idea

C. I did badly in the exam

D. I did well in the exam

（4）The writer thinks English is interesting because .

A. English is full of stories

B. English is full of jokes

C. his teacher often teaches the students nice English songs in class

D. of nothing

（5）Which of the following is NOT the way the writer studies?

A. Speaking bravely.

B. Writing to foreign friends.

C. Reading aloud.

D. Keeping English diaries.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

（5）B

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