2018·高一·第2期 阅读+七选五+完形+语法填空+短文改错假期练习

2018高一·第2期阅读+七选五+完形+语法填空+短文改错

阅读

Passage 1

阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

We all know that music has the power to comfort us when we are tired or stressed. Can it do the same for animals? In 2001, researchers from University of Leicester decided to test this by exposing dairy cows to different music styles. They discovered that certain types of music helped cows produce 3% more milk than those that only heard the annoying sounds of milking machines.

The journalists began by sifting through the 2001 University of Leicester study to search for songs that had made the cattle more productive. What they found was that similar to humans, tastes differ among cows. Some prefer soulful music while others have a penchant for classical music. Based on their findings the magazine released two playlists that they believed would be welcomed by most dairy cows.

One consists of songs like REM's “Everybody Hurts”, Aretha Franklin's version of “What a Difference a Day Makes”and Simon and Garfunkel's classic song “Bridge Over Troubled Water”. The other, includes classical hits like Beethoven's “Pastoral Symphony”

and Mozart's “Concerto for Flute and Harp in D Major”. None of the songs on both lists are fast or noisy tunes like rap and techno songs that appear to disturb cows rather than calm them.

Besides, music is not the only thing that dairy cows enjoy. A few years ago actors in Kent, England decided to see if the animals liked Shakespeare by performing “The Merry Wives of Windsor”to a local herd. Sure enough, their milk output increased measurably.

People believe music helps the animals to relax and keep calm. So the next time you visit a dairy farm don't be surprised to see the cattle dancing to their favorite beat. After all, “Great milk comes from happy cows!”

1. Exposing dairy cows to music is to________.

A. calm them

B. test their taste for music

C. raise milk output

D. make them happy

2. The underlined word “penchant”in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by“________”.

A. gift

B. preference

C. thirst

D. nose

3.Which music style is not likely to be on the playlists?

A. Soul music.

B. Classical music.

C. Rap.

D. Slow music.

4. The best title for the passage is “________”.

A. Cows have favorite playlists too

B. Great milk comes from happy cows

C. A good idea for raising cows

D. Music works wonders everywhere

Word Bank dairy cow 奶牛 sift v.详查 herd n.兽群

答案速查1—4 CBCA

语篇解读这是一篇说明文。研究者发现，“对牛弹琴”有一定的道理可言，给奶牛听舒缓的音乐有助于提高奶牛的产奶量。

答案解析

1. C 推理判断题。由第一段的“They discovered that certain types of music helped cows produce 3% more milk than those that only heard the annoying sounds of milking machines.”可知，给奶牛听音乐的目的是增加牛奶产量。因此C为正确选项。

2. B 词义猜测题。画线词所在句“Some prefer soulful music while others have a penchant for classical music.”中，while意为“然而”，表示转折，因此have a penchant for与prefer意义相同。因此B为正确选项。误解分析：不熟悉短语意思会造成该题误选。have a gift for意为“对……有天赋”；have a preference for意为“爱好……”；have a thirst for意为“渴望得到……”；have a nose for意为“对……有直觉”。

3. C 推理判断题。由第三段“None of the songs on both lists are fast or noisy tunes like rap and techno songs that appear to disturb cows rather than calm them.”可知，节奏不快、不嘈杂的音乐利于奶牛产奶。因此，C为正确选项。

4. A 主旨大意题。本文主要内容为给奶牛听音乐，以提高牛奶产量。因此题目中应体现主题字眼“奶牛”和“音乐”。A为正确选项。

难句分析

原文 None of the songs on both lists are fast or noisy tunes like rap and techno songs that appear to disturb cows rather than calm them.

译文两张歌单上都没有像说唱、泰克诺这种节奏快或喧闹的音乐，这种音乐好像是在扰乱奶牛，而不是让奶牛安静下来。

分析该句中that引导的是定语从句，that为关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。

Summer Reading语言点津

turn to 的含义 1. 求助于，求教于。例：She turned to me for advice. 她寻求我的意见。2. 转向。例：Our talk turned to football. 我们的话题转到了足球上。

Passage 2

阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Today, we are talking about money. I can share a bit about my history with money and my new view when it comes to using green paper.

I made a web page with links to posts about our financial journey where you can look for more details of where we've been and how we got where we are now. It was a big part of my story in the past and was a huge part of our downsizing journey. We got out of debt and stayed out of debt.

So I feel eager to share the benefits of being on this side. It takes more planning and more careful thought whenever a dollar is spent now than it did when I had a wallet full of credit cards. I now like to think all of my dollars doing the job. So many of us work for money and don't consider that money should work for us, too. Make your dollars do the job of helping you live the life you want.

Each time money is spent or saved, it should be going toward something that you purposefully want for your life. Last week I was out and I spent ＄20 on food in 3 days. It made me angry because afterward I thought about eating is not at all what I want for my life.

On the other hand, there are times I spend ＄20 while out with my family and it doesn't bother me one bit. An afternoon out with my kids during which we stop for ice cream, and do something fun together has a completely different feel.

In the end, I want the dollars I spend to have purpose like I can enjoy life while still planning and saving for the future.

1. The underlined words “green paper”in Paragraph 1 refer to “________”.

A. money

B. work

C. newspaper

D. book

2. You can learn about the writer's history with money________.

A.by making a web page

B.by reading posts about their financial journey

C.by going on a financial journey

D.by writing to him

3. In the writer's opinion,________.

A. more credit cards should be used in our daily life

B. we should work hard to make more money

C. money should help us live better

D. saving money is very easy

4. Why does the writer feel happy with the money spent with his family?

A. Because the money is spent on food.

B. Because the money is spent in doing something fun.

C. Because eating is what he wants for his life.

D. Because the money goes toward something that he wants for his life.

Word Bank financial adj.财政的，金融的 detail n.详情，细节

答案速查1—4 ABCD

语篇解读文章讲述了作者如何看待钱，以及如何用钱。作者现在赞同的花钱观点是让所有的钱尽其所用，最重要的是利用你的钱帮助你过你想过的生活！

答案解析

1. A 词义猜测题。根据第一段的段意及文章主旨可判断出green paper 应该指的是纸币，根据常识可知美元是绿色的，故选A。其他选项不符合此语境。

2. B 细节理解题。根据第二段的I made a web page with links to posts about our financial journey where you can look for more details...可知，你可以通过阅读有关作者节俭之旅的帖子来获得更多的详细信息。A、C项与文章内容不相符；D项没有提及。

3. C 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，作者现在赞同的花钱的观点就是让所有的钱尽其所用。所以我们不能理所当然地认为我们为了钱而工作，钱就会为我们所用。利用好你的钱可以帮助你过你想过的生活。A、B、D项与文章内容不相符。

4. D 推理判断题。作者举此例是为了说明第四段的Each time money is spent or saved, it should be going toward something that you

purposefully want for your life.这一花钱原则。误解分析：此题较难，如果不能正确理解作者举例说明的目的，就可能误选A或B项。

难句分析

原文I made a web page with links to posts about our financial journey where you can look for more details of where we've been and how we got where we are now.

译文做了一个网页可以链接到关于我们理财之旅的帖子，你可以从中获得更多关于我们已经做的事和我们如何到达现在的状况的详细信息。

分析本句结构比较复杂，主体部分是I made a web page with links to posts about our financial journey，后面第一个where引导的从句为定语从句修饰posts about our financial journey，其中两个并列宾语从句where we've been and how we got where we are now作介词of的宾语。

Summer Reading语言点津

above all / after all①above all 特别是，最重要的是?Children need many things, but above all, they need love. ②after all 到底，毕竟?The day turned out fine after all.

Passage 3

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Benefits of listening to music

Nothing beats listening to music when it comes to unwinding after a long day’s work. Although we have different taste in music, everyone enjoys music. 1 . Research concludes that all types of music have positive impact on our health.

1. Effective pain killer

Listening to music can help reduce pain as it increases the release of endorphins. 2 . According to recent studies, listening to any type of music can reduce chronic pain. Researchers suggest that people who enjoy listening to music have reduced depression and can control their pain.

2. Stress relief

Stress is often associated with a list of illnesses, including mental diseases that occur in individuals who have stress and depression. In one study, subjects were asked to listen to soothing music for a period of two weeks. 3 .

3. Boost workout performance

Some people enjoy working out at the gym while listening to music. By shifting your attention to the task at hand, listening to music at the gym can help reduce the boredom and the feeling of exhaustion.

4. 4

Stress and depression always lead to confusion, headache and weakness. Music can completely transform your spiritual life for the better, helping to get rid of anxiety and depression. Good music also increases your self-confidence and self-esteem as you remember the good days or happy moments.

5. Help us socialize

Through music concerts, people who share the same taste in music can meet and socialize. In other words, 5 .

A. Prevent depression

B. Improve physical fitness

C. music can help you make new friends

D. By encouraging relaxation, music relieves the pain

E. The subjects reported reduction in anxiety and stress

F. Listening to music can distract you from completing your assignments

G. In fact, doctors recommend music as it improves our health and general wellness

Word Bank endorphin n.内啡肽 soothing adj. 抚慰人心的 boost v.促进 exhaustion n.筋疲力尽 socialize v.（和他人）交际，交往

答案速查1—5 GDEAC

语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。作者认为听音乐有益于人类健康。文章从五个方面进行说明：音乐能够缓解疼痛；音乐能够减压；音乐可以提升健身效果；音乐可以防止精神抑郁；音乐有助于开展社交活动。

答案解析

1. G 第一段综述听音乐的好处，G选项能够概括本文的中心主题，故选G。

2. D 本段小标题中的pain killer与D选项中的relieves the pain相呼应，突出音乐缓解疼痛的效果。

3. E 前文中的subjects与E选项中的The subjects相呼应，利用关键词可确定答案为E。

4. A 根据下文Music can completely transform your spiritual life for the better, helping to get rid of anxiety and depression可知，本段论述的是音乐能够有效预防焦虑和抑郁。故答案选A。

5. C 根据前文In other words可知，本题的答案应该与前文Through music concerts, people who share the same taste in music can meet and socialize构成同义转述。故选C。

难句分析

原文 Researchers suggest that people who enjoy listening to music have reduced depression and can control their pain.

译文研究者认为，喜欢听音乐的人减轻了抑郁，并且能够控制疼痛。

分析本句是一个主从复合句。that people who enjoy listening to music have reduced depression and can control their pain是宾语从

句，作动词suggest的宾语，其中的who enjoy listening to music是定语从句，修饰people。

答案还原

Benefits of listening to music

Nothing beats listening to music when it comes to unwinding after a long day’s work. Although we have different taste in music, everyone enjoys music.1 In fact, doctors recommend music as it improves our health and general wellness. Research concludes that all types of music have positive impact on our health.

1. Effective pain killer

Listening to music can help reduce pain as it increases the release of endorphins. 2 By encouraging relaxation, music relieves the pain. According to recent studies, listening to any type of music can reduce chronic pain. Researchers suggest that people who enjoy listening to music have reduced depression and can control their pain.

2. Stress relief

Stress is often associated with a list of illnesses, including mental diseases that occur in individuals who have stress and depression. In one study, subjects were asked to listen to soothing music for a period of two weeks. 3 The subjects reported reduction in anxiety and stress.

3. Boost workout performance

Some people enjoy working out at the gym while listening to music. By shifting your attention to the task at hand, listening to music at the gym can help reduce the boredom and the feeling of exhaustion.

4. 4 Prevent depression

Stress and depression always lead to confusion, headache and weakness. Music can completely transform your spiritual life for the better, helping to get rid of anxiety and depression. Good music also increases your self-confidence and self-esteem as you remember the good days or happy moments.

5. Help us socialize

Through music concerts, people who share the same taste in music can meet and socialize. In other words, 5 music can help you make new friends.

Summer Reading语言点津

常见的音乐英语词汇 Classical music古典音乐；Pop music 流行音乐；Blues 蓝调歌曲，忧郁音乐；Rock & Roll 摇滚乐；Jazz 爵士乐；Rap说唱音乐；Folk songs 民歌；Electrophonic music 电子音乐；Trance 迷幻舞曲；Orchestra 管弦乐。

Passage 4

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Consequences of cheating in an exam

Students that copy other students' work are hurting themselves in the long run. Their 1 level drops every time they copy or have someone else do their 2 . After a while of copying and forging, the student's ability to think creatively and successfully 3 next to nothing. Corners are too 4 to cut these days, but in order to keep their 5 as functional as possible, they need to do their own work.

Students also begin to 6 the sense of responsibility when they have other people do their work. They don't feel that they have to do anything to 7 a class, only that as long as they 8 a paper, whether it is their thoughts or not, they will receive credit for the 9 along with a passing grade. This creates the feeling that life will always be handed to them on a silver plate.

Along with losing their creativity, the students that copy other's work 10 get to feel that sense of accomplishment that comes 11 the paper you have been working on is 12 completed. They don't get the uplifting feeling when they get their paper back and they have received a 13 score.

The feeling isn't there 14 the work isn't their own. They use other people to receive the score, but they feel 15 .

Yet, there may be one thing that is the 16 of all when people pass off someone else's work as their own. That would be that the forger doesn't 17 any knowledge. People can only learn 18 the things they do, and if someone else is doing their work, they are never going to learn anything. Making 19 and learning from them may be one of the most 20 methods of learning. If people don't do the work themselves, they can never learn from their mistakes.

1. A.responsibility B.activity C.creativity D.possibility

2. A.duty B.work C.job D.matter

3. A.remains B.grows C.stays D.becomes

4. A.easy B.quick C.blind D.hard

5. A.minds B.ways C.heads D.bodies

6. A.stress B.lose C.improve D.harden

7. A.miss B.cut C.leave D.pass

8. A.take down B.give away C.turn in D.set out

9. A.measure B.translation C.assignment D.lecture

10. A.actually B.seldom C.often D.never

11. A.where B.when C.why D.which

12. A.finally B.suddenly C.roughly D.rarely

13. A.good B.even C.bad D.low

14. A.for B.because C.though D.so

15. A.everything B.anything C.nothing D.something

16. A.best B.farthest C.highest D.worst

17. A.gain B.know C.recognize D.forget

18. A.with B.to C.as D.from

19. A.chances B.mistakes C.contests D.ties

20. A.negative B.different C.effective D.difficult

Word Bank forge v.伪造 uplifting adj.鼓舞人心的，令人振奋的

答案速查

1—5 CBDAA 6—10 BDCCD

11—15 BAABC 16—20 DADBC

篇章图解本文是一篇议论文，文章论述了学生抄袭作业或者让他人代写作业的四个危害。它不仅能够让学生丧失创造力和责任感，而且让学生得不到成就感。最糟糕的是学不到知识。

答案解析

1. C 根据下文the student's ability to think creatively and successfully可知，本段叙述的是学生的创新能力（creativity），故答案为C。

2. B 根据第二段首句中的when they have other people do their work,利用关键词work可确定答案为B。

3. D 根据前文Their creativity level drops every time...和After a while of copying and forging可知，抄袭作业的学生们的创新能力是个下降的过程，据此可以推断，过一段时间后，变得（becomes）几乎没有。

4. A 根据下文连词but可知，本空应与they need to do their own work 构成转折关系，据此可以推断，捷径很容易（easy）走。

5. A 根据上文the student's ability to think creatively and successfully以及下文as functional as possible, they need to do their own work可知，为了让大脑（minds）保持创新思维能力，学生们需要自己做作业。误解分析：本题易误选为heads，本句强调的是思维能力，而不是头颅的功能。

6. B 根据第一段首句Students that copy other students' work are hurting themselves in the long run.以及下文when they have other people do their work可知，本句讲述的是让人代写作业会让学生们开始失去责任感，故答案为B。

7. D 根据下文along with a passing grade可知，本句叙述的是获得一个及格的分数，目的是通过（pass）一门课程。

8. C 他们感觉不到自己必须得做点什么来通过一门课程，仅仅知道只要交上（turn in）论文，不管是不是自己的想法，他们将会因为自己的作业和一个及格的分数而获得学分。根据句意可知答案为C。

9. C 不管是不是自己的想法，他们将会因为自己的作业（assignment）和一个及格的分数而获得学分。根据句意可知答案为C。

10. D 根据文章首句Students that copy other students' work are hurting themselves in the long run.可知，本文叙述的是代写作业或者抄袭作业的消极影响，故应选择否定的副词never。误解分析：本题易误选为

seldom，尽管其也含有否定意义，但是它往往从做事频率的角度进行否定，故答案为D。

11. B 根据第二段首句Students also begin to lose the sense of responsibility when they have other people do their work.可知，本句和它一样描述代写作业、抄写作业的坏处，采用的句式也是一样的，都是用了时间状语从句。据此可以判断答案为B。

12. A 根据下文completed可知，作业的完成发生在最后（finally），故答案为A。

13. A 根据上文when they get their paper back和the students that copy other's work可知，抄写作业的学生，当论文发下后，得到一个好（good）分数，也不会有令人振奋的感觉。

14. B 上文The feeling isn't there 与下文the work isn't their own 构成逻辑上的因果关系，故答案为B。误解分析：本题易误选为so，尽管其是表示因果关系，但是它描述的是“前”因“后”果，而本句的语境是“前”果“后”因，故答案为B。

15. C 根据前文They use other people to receive the score与本空的转折关系，可确定本空应该是一个否定词汇，另外前文They use other people to receive the score也是没有成就感的原因，故答案为C。16. D 本空在尾段的首句，据此可以判断，本段描述的是最后一个，也是最糟糕的（worst）危害，故答案为D。

17. A 根据前文学生的行为people pass off someone else's work as their own可以判断，抄袭作业不会获得（gain）知识。

18. D 人只能从（from）他们做的事情中学到东西，如果事情是别人做的，那么他们将什么也学不到。根据句意可知答案为D。

19. B 根据下文If people don't do the work themselves, they can never learn from their mistakes.利用关键词mistakes可确定答案为B。

20. C 犯错误，从错误中学习，可能是最有效的（effective）学习方法之一。根据句意可知答案为C。

难句分析

原文 They don't feel that they have to do anything to pass a class, only that as long as they turn in a paper, whether it is their thoughts or not, they will receive credit for the assignment along with a passing grade.

译文他们感觉不到自己必须得做点什么来通过一门课程，仅仅知道只要交上论文，不管是不是自己的想法，他们将会因为自己的作业和一个及格的分数而获得学分。

分析本句是一个主从复合句，宾语从句有两个，其一是that they have to do anything to pass a class；其二是only that as long as they turn in a paper, whether it is their thoughts or not, they will receive credit for the assignment along with a passing grade，而第二个宾语从句中嵌套了一个条件状语从句as long as they turn in a paper。

答案还原

Consequences of cheating in an exam

语法填空短文改错练习

语法填空短文改错练习． 专题练习二A ) 陕西省西安中学模拟

(2017· Helsinki, capital of Finland, is offering young people the chance to rent __1__ cheap apartment in an old people's home, if they agree __2__ (spend) time socializing with the elderly residents. )is seeking __3__(apply) from renters under The city council(议会five hours each the age of 25 who would like to spend three__4__ exchange, they'll get a studio week with their older neighbors. __5__ kitchen, private square__6__ (measure) 23 meters with flat a

__7__ euros per month. Those balcony bathroom and for 250 apply don't need any specific care experience. There are staff to look after the elderly. a than the spaces in less people More than 60 have applied for week, and the idea has also been __8__ (warm) welcomed by Finns on other to it will spread projectsocial media. “Great ！Hopefully another while person on ，”Facebook, __9__ (write) one areas__10__ (difference) generations bringing supports the scheme for together. 答案与解析 本文主要讲述了芬兰的首都——赫尔辛基将为年轻人提供以低廉的 租金租赁养老院的机会，前提是他们要与老人聊天。 1．a考查不定冠词。此处用来修饰单数名词apartment，表示泛指：一套便宜的公寓。故用a。 之后，agree此处用在不及物动词考查动词不定式。to spend．2． 应使用动词不定式作宾语，意为：同意做某事。故用to spend。3．applications考查名词。此处用在动词seek之后作宾语，指的是来自25岁以下的租房者们的申请。故用名词的复数形式applications。

高考英语短文改错和语法填空练习答案

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