当前位置：文档库 › 最新英语词汇学-英语词汇学习题2及答案

最新英语词汇学-英语词汇学习题2及答案

试题二

第一部分选择题

I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket（30％）

1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example

A. lewd → ignoran t

B. silly → foolish

C. last → pleasure

D. knave → boy

2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of:

A. humour

B. sarcasm

C. ridicule

D. all the above

3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____.

A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradation

B. extension, generalization, elevation and degradation

C. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradation

D. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation

4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _____.

A. synecdoche

B. metonymy

C. substitution

D. metaphor

5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____.

A. adjectives

B. attributes

C. modifiers

D. words

6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in which a word is used.

A. vocabulary

B. grammar

C. semantic pattern

D. syntactic structure

7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning. This change of constituent is known as _____ .

A. addition

B. replacement

C. position-shifting

D. variation

8. The word "laconic" is _____.

A. onomatopoeically motivated

B. morphologically motivated

C. semantically motivated

D. etymologically motivated

9. CCELD is distinctive for its _____.

A. clear grammar codes

B. language notes

C. usage notes

D. extra columns

10.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping?

A. Dorm

B. motel

C. Gent

D. Zoo

11.Old English has a vocabulary of about _____ words.

A. 30,000 to 40,000

B. 50,000 to 60,000

C. 70,000 to 80,000

D. 80,000 to 90,000

12. _____ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words.

A. Roots

B. Stems

C. Affixes

D. Compounds

13. Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of _____ in the Middle English period.

A. Dutch origin

B. Danish origin

C. Latin origin

D. Greek origin

14. A word is a symbol that _____ .

A. is used by the same speech community

B. represents something else in the world

C. is both simple and complex in nature

D.shows different ideas in different sounds

15.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they _____.

A. are complex words.

B. are technical words

C. refer to the commonest things in life.

D. denote the most important concepts.

第二部分非选择题

II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book（10％）

16. The same idiom may show _____ differences when it is used in different meanings including affective meaning.

17. LDCE is a _____ dictionary.

18. Antonyms are classified on the basis of _____.

19. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called _____.

20. Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but have limited _____.

III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1）types of meaning changes;2）types of meaning;3）language branches and 4）features of idioms （10％）

A B

21. grammatical meaning ( ) A. Scottish

22. reading-lamp ( ) B. neither fish, flesh, nor fowl

23. pen ( ) C. morphologically motivated

24. alliteration ( ) D. head of a state

25. difference in connotation ( ) E. answer/ respond

26. elevation ( ) F. etymologically motivated

27. degradation ( ) G. garage ( a place for storing cars)

28. narrowing ( ) H. thing (any object or event)

29. extension ( ) I. part of speech

30. Celtic ( ) J. knave (a dishonest person)

IV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined;2）types of word formations;3）types of meaning and 4）types of meaning of idioms.（10％）

31. heart and soul ( )

32. father—male parent ( )

33. mother—female parent ( )

34. city-bred ( )

35. lip-reading to lip-read ( )

36. headache ( )

37. antecedent ( )

38. preview ( )

39. receive ( )

40. called ( )

V. Define the following terms（10％）

41. specialized dictionary

42. collocative meaning

43. transfer

44. morpheme

45. old English

VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given below.（12％）

46.What's the fundamental difference between radiation and concatenation? Illustrate your points.

47. What is dismembering?

48. What is collocative meaning? Give one example to illustrate your point.

VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（18％）

49. The 'pen' is mightier than the 'sword'.

Explain what 'pen' and 'sword' mean respectively using the theory of motivation.

50. Study the following sentence, paying special attention to the words in italics. If you find anything wrong, please explain why and then improve the sentence.(100 words)

The police were ordered to stop drinking about midnight.

参考答案

第一部分选择题

I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)

1. B

2. D

3. A

4. B

5. A

6. D

7. B

8. D

9. D

10. B

11. B

12. C

13. A

14. B

15. C

第二部分非选择题

II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)

16. stylistic

17.monolingual

18.semantic opposition

19. degradation 或pejoration

20.productivity and collocability

III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes;2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4) features of idioms. (10%)

21. I

22. C

23. F

24. B

25. E

26. D

27. J

28. G

29. H

30. A

IV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined;2) types of word formation；3）types of meaning and 4) types of meaning of idioms.(10%)

31. adverb idiom/ idiom adverbial in nature

32. conceptual meaning

33. conceptual meaning

34. n+v-ed

35. backformation

36. n+v

37. bound root

38. prefix

39. bound root

40. inflectional affix/morpheme

V. Define the following terms.(10%)

41. Specialized dictionary refers to a dictionary which concentrates on a particular area of language or knowledge. (内容1.5分；语言0.5分)

42. Collocative meaning is that part of the word meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion. (内容1.5分；语言0.5分)

43. Words which were used to designate one thing but later changed to mean something else have experienced the process of semantic transfer.

44. the minimal meaningful unit of a language.

45. the language used in England from 450 to 1150.

VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(12%)

46. 要点：Radiation Concatenation

i) primary meaning i) first sense

ii）次要意义由主要意义辐射ii）由此意义连续转换；特点为链接

iii）名词语义互不依赖iii）最后意义与第一意义失去联系的迹象

47. 要点：

（1）break up an idiom into pieces（2分）

（2）an unusual case of using idioms（1分）

（3）in literature or popular press for special effect（1分）

注：语言扣分不得超过1分（语法扣1分，拼写扣0.5分）

48. Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation. In other words, it is that part of the word-meaning suggested by words before or after the word in discussion. For example, 'pretty' and 'handsome' share the conceptual meaning of 'good looking', but are distinguished by the range of nouns they collocate with:

pretty handsome

VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (18%)

49. 答案要点

1）Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning.（2分）2）Semantic motivation, one of the four major types of motivation, explains the connection between the literal sense and figurative sense of the word.(3分)

3）In this sentence, 'pen' reminds one of the tool to write with, thus suggesting writing; 'sword' reminds one of the weapon to fight with, thus suggesting war.(4分)

50.要点：

（1）it is ambiguous（2分）

（2）ambiguity caused by the structure（2分）

（3）stop drinking can be understood as

1）police stop drinking by themselves (1分)

2）police stop people drinking (1分)

（4）improvement（3分）

1）The police were ordered to stop people drinking about midnight.

2）The police were ordered to stop drinking by themselves about midnight.

(完整版)英语词汇学英语词汇学习题3及答案

试题三第一部分选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%) 1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into ( ) A. perfect homonyms B. homonyms C. homophones D. all the above 2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example ( ) A. ad for “advertisement” B. dish for “food" C. fond for “affectionate” D. an editorial for “an editorial article" 3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over ( ) A. the reader’s interpretation B. the neighbouring words C. the writer's intention D. the etymology of the word 4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order? A. extra- B. pro- C. re- D. semi- 5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary? A. The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology B. Chamber's Encyclopedic English Dictionary C. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs D. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms 6.Which of the following statements is Not true? A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world. B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary. C. Concept is universal to all men alike. D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language. 7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form ( ) A. physical context B. grammatical context C. lexical context D. linguistic context 8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is ( ) A. definition B. explanation C. example D. hyponym 9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that ( ) A. it can refer to the common core of a language B. it can refer to the total number of the words in a language C. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical period D. it can stand for words in given dialect or field 10.The idiom "a dark horse" is a ( ) A. simile B. metaphor

(完整版)初二物理摩擦力练习题及答案

1．写出下列各种摩擦的名称： (1)皮带传送机运煤时，煤块与皮带之间的摩擦是_______________； (2)洗筷子时．抹布和筷子之间的摩擦是 _______________________．（题型一） 2．世界上第一条磁悬浮列车示范运营线，已于2003年元旦在我国上海投入运行．磁悬浮列车的速度约是普通列车的三到四倍，原因是利用了磁极间相互作用的原理，使列车能在轨道上“浮”起来，从而大大减小列车与轨道间的__________．气垫船是采用__________的技术制成的交通工具，简单地说，其原理就是船体与水面间形成 __________，使船体悬浮在水面上，从而大大地减小船体航行时的阻力．（题型三） 3．图8-11中，A、B是两只质量相同的旅行箱，________箱容易被推动，这说明了_____________________．（题型二） 4．说明下列情况中是用什么方法来增大或减小摩擦的： (1)在结冰的公路上撒砂子____________________； (2)冬天，为了防止打滑而在轮子上缠上铁链子 ____________________； (3)轮胎上刻有花纹____________________________； (4)给机器上润滑油________________________； (5)轴承两圈之间装有滚珠____________________．（题型三）5.缝纫机脚踏旁的大轮是通过皮带与轮子的__________来带动机头上的小轮转动,当皮带与轮子之间打滑时,可以用拉紧皮带的办法来克

服.这是利用_______的方法来增大??_____.（题型三） 6.下列措施中可以减小摩擦的是（）（题型三） A．鞋底上制有凹凸的花纹 B．铁轨要铺在枕木上 C．自行车刹车时，闸皮紧压在车圈上 D．在机器的转动部分安装滚动轴承 7．下列事例中，目的是为了增大摩擦的是（）（题型三） A．给自行车的轴加润滑油 B．在自行车的把套上做出凹、凸花纹 C．在机器的转动部分加装滚动轴承 D．磁悬浮列车行驶时，车身悬在空中 8．如果世界上不存在一切摩擦，那么下列哪种现象不会发生( ) （题型一） A．饭将从我们嘴里滑掉 B．人将寸步难行 C．不能用螺钉螺母固定工件 D．物体将漂浮在空中 9．下列几种现象中，属于有害摩擦的是( ) （题型三） A．刷牙时，牙刷与牙齿之间的摩擦 B．“神舟5号”载人飞船升空时，飞船与空气的摩擦 C．自行车刹车时，刹车皮与轮圈之间的摩擦 D．手拿物体时，手与物体之间的摩擦 10．研究滑动摩擦力的大小与哪些因素有关时，做了以下三个实验：实验一：用弹簧测力计拖动木块在水平木板上运动实验二：用弹簧测力计拖动木块在垫有棉布的水平木板上运动

英语词汇学教程(练习答案)(1)解析

《英语词汇学教程》（2004 年版）练习答案 Chapter 1 7. Choose the standard meaning from the list on the right to match each of the slang words on the left. a. tart: loose woman b. bloke: fellow c. gat: pistol d. swell: great e. chicken: coward f. blue: fight g. smoky: police h. full: drunk i. dame: woman j. beaver: girl 8. Give the modern equivalents for the following archaic words. haply = perhaps albeit = although methinks = it seems to me eke = also sooth = truth morn = morning troth = pledge ere = before quoth = said hallowed = holy billow = wave / the sea bade = bid 12. Categorize the following borrowed words into denizens, aliens, translation loans, and semantic loans. Denizens: kettle, die, wall, skirt, husband Aliens: confrere, pro patria, Wunderkind, mikado, parvenu Translation loans: chopstick, typhoon, black humour, long time no see Semantic loans: dream Chapter 2 1. Why should students of English lexicology study the Indo-European Language Family? The Indo-European Language Family is one of the most important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. Knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately. 2. Make a tree diagram to show the family relations of the modern languages given below.

大学英语词汇学练习题Test 6

Chapter 6: Test ⅠAccording to the given meaning, Choose the proper form of the English idiom from the four alternative answers. 1.forever A. till cows come home B. till the cows come home C. till bulls come home D. till the bulls come home 2.deep in thought A. in a brown study B. in a red study C. in a green study D. in a dark study 3.Support only in words, not in fact A. mouth service B. lip service C. brain trust D. mind trust 4.quite certainly A. sure as egg is egg B. sure as a egg is a egg C. sure as eggs are eggs D. sure as eggs is eggs 5.naked A. in the air B. in the open C. in the raw D. in the straw 6.something useless and unwanted but big and costly A. white elephant B. dark elephant C. white horse D. dark horse 7.most important and essential part A. might and main B. bag and baggage C. sum and substance D. part and parcel 8.damage from continuous use A. fair and spare B. toil and moil C. wear and tear D. kith and kin 9.the member thought to be a disgrace in the family A. black sheep B. a dark horse C. gray mare D. white elephant 10.through all difficulties and troubles A. through high and low B. through thick and thin C .from head to foot D. from start to finish ⅡEach of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the best one. 1.Among the following idioms, which one is nominal in nature as far as syntactic function is concerned. A.flesh and blood B.heart and soul C.tooth and nail D.high and low 2.Strictly speaking,idioms are expressions that are not readily understandable from their of individual elements. A.grammatical meaning B.literal meaning C.deep meaning D.structural meaning 3.The structure of an idiom is to a large extent . A.flexible B.changeable C.unchangeable D.none of the above 4.Duplication of synonyms is called . A.repetition B.reiteration C.juxtaposition D.metaphor 5. refers to idioms in which the name of one thing is used for that of another associated with it. A.Euphemism B.Personification C.Synecdoche D Metonymy 6.The meaning of the idiom black bottle is . A.poison B.alcoholic drink C.bottle that is black in color D.bottle bought in an illegal way

(完整版)全国英语词汇学(00832)高等教育自学考试试题与答案

全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832 Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（） A．meaning B．Sound C．combination of sounds D．Group 2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（） A．more slowly than B．As quickly as C．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as 3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notion C．origin D．sound 4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（） A．green revolution B．fast food C．moon walk D．space shuttle 5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need. （）A．form B．meaning C．look D．pronunciation 6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（） A．four B．fell C．for D．autumn 7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______. （）A．/t/ B．/g/ C．/p/ D．/k/ 英语词汇学试卷第 1 页共9 页

物理化学练习题及答案

《物理化学》练习题4 注意事项：1. 考前请将密封线内容(特别是姓名和班内编号)填写清楚； 2. 所有答案请直接答在试卷上； 3．考试形式：闭卷； 4. 本试卷共三大题，满分100分，考试时间120分钟。一、选择题(10题，每题2分，共20分) 1. 下述说法哪一种不正确：（）（A ）一定量理想气体自由膨胀后，其?U = 0 （B ）非理想气体经绝热自由膨胀后，其?U ≠0 （C ）非理想气体经一不可逆循环，其?U = 0 （D ）非理想气体自由膨胀，气体温度略有变化 2. 水在 100℃、101325Pa 下沸腾时，下列各量何者增加？ (A) 系统熵 (B) 汽化焓 (C) Gibbs 函数 (D) 蒸气压 3. 不挥发的溶质溶于溶剂中形成稀溶液之后，将会引起( ) (A) 凝固点升高 (B) 沸点升高 (C) 蒸汽压升高 (D) 总是放出热量 4. 对于理想气体之间的任意一个化学反应，影响标准平衡常数K 的因素是( ) (A) 浓度 (B) 压力 (C) 温度 (D) 催化剂 5. 固体Fe ，FeO ，Fe 3O 4与气体CO ，CO 2达到平衡时其组分数C 和自由度数F 分别为( )。 (A) C = 2, F = 0 (B) C = 1, F = 0 (C) C = 3, F = 1 (D) C = 4, F = 2 6.科尔劳施从实验中总结出电解质溶液的摩尔电导率与其浓度成线性关系 m m ΛΛ∞ =-，这一规律适用于( )

(A) 弱电解质(B) 强电解质的稀溶液 (C) 无限稀溶液(D) 浓度在一定范围的溶液 7. 反应的标准平衡常数与温度T的关系为dln K /d T = ?r H m /RT2，则( ) (A) K 必随温度升高而加大(B) K 必随温度升高而减小 (C) K 必随温度升高而改变(D) 随温度升高，K 可增大、减少或不变 8. 一定体积的水，当聚成一个大水球或分散成许多水滴时，在同温度下，两种状态相比，以下性质保持不变的有( ) (A) 表面能(B) 表面张力(C) 比表面(D) 液面下的附加压力 9．某零级反应A = B+ C开始时反应物浓度为0.2 mol·dm-3，其速率常数k为1.25×10?5 mol·dm-3·s-1，则其反应完成所耗时间t为 (A) 8000 s (B) 12000 s (C) 16000 s (D) 18000 s 10．在一个绝热的刚性容器中发生一个化学反应，使系统的温度升高和压力增大，则有 (A) Q>0，W<0，?U < 0 (B) Q=0，W=0，?U = 0 (C) Q=0，W<0，?U < 0 (D) Q>0，W=0，?U > 0 二、计算题(6题，共60分) 1. 298 K，101.3 kPa下，Zn 和CuSO4溶液的置换反应在可逆电池中进行，做出电功200 kJ，放热6 kJ，求该反应的Δr U，Δr H，Δr S，Δr A，Δr G（设反应前后的体积变化可忽略不计）。(10分)

(完整版)英语词汇学试题

英语词汇学试题 Introduction and Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1） I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. 1.Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct. A. word B. form C. morpheme D. root 2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. A. Semantics B. Linguistics C. Etymology D. Stylistics 3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes. A. Greek B. Roman C. Italian D. Germanic 4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc. A. linguistic B. grammatical C. arbitrary D. semantic 5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effects A. situation B. context C. time D. place 6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference. A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic 7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas. A. technical B. artistic C. different D. academic 8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves. A. Slang B. Jargon C. Dialectal words D. Argot 9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words. A. Jargon B. Argot C. Dialectal words D. Slang 10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it. A. workers B. criminals C. any person D. policeman 11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. A. Argot B. Slang C. Jargon D. Dialectal words 12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use. A. common B. little C. slight D. great 13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings. A. new B. old C. bad D. good 14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals. A. functional B. notional C. empty D. formal 15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category. A. content B. notional C. empty D. new

高中物理专题练习-选考题专项练2(含答案)

高中物理专题练习-选考题专项练2(含答案) 1．[物理——选修3－3](12分) (1)下列说法中正确的是________. A．空气中PM2.5的运动属于分子热运动 B．露珠呈球形是由于液体表面张力的作用 C．液晶显示屏是利用液晶的光学各向异性制成的 D．分子间相互作用力随着分子间距离的增大而减小 (2)如图所示,一定质量的理想气体被活塞密封在一容器中,活塞与容器壁间无摩擦,外界大气压强保持不变.当气体的温度升高时,气体体积________(填“增大”“减小”或“不变”),从微观角度看,产生这种现象的原因是______________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________. (3)某压力锅结构如图所示.盖好密封锅盖,将压力阀套在出气孔上,给压力锅加热. ①在压力阀被顶起前,停止加热.若此时锅内气体的体积为V、摩尔体积为V0, 阿伏加德罗常数为N A,计算锅内气体的分子数； ②在压力阀被顶起后,停止加热.假设放气过程中气体对外界做功为W0,并向外界释放了Q0 的热量.求该过程锅内原有气体内能的变化量. 2．[物理——选修3－4](12分) (1)下列说法中正确的是______. A．真空中光速在不同的惯性参考系中是不同的,它与光源、观察者间的相对运动有关 B．电子液晶显示是光的偏振现象的应用

C．雨后公路积水上面漂浮的油膜看起来是彩色的,这是光的衍射现象 D．火车过桥要慢行,目的是使驱动力频率远小于桥梁的固有频率,以免发生共振损坏桥梁 (2)如图所示是一列简谐横波在t＝0时刻的波形图,已知这列波沿x轴正方向传播,波速为2 m/s.P点是离原点2 m的一个介质质点,则该质点振动的周期为________,在t＝1.5 s时质点P的位移为________. (3)研究发光物体的光谱通常需要三棱镜,如图所示是截面为等边三角形 ABC的三棱镜,一束光从AB边的P点射入棱镜,当入射角i＝60°时,进入棱镜的折射光线与BC边平行.求： ①光在棱镜中的传播速度v(光在真空中的传播速度c＝3×108 m/s)； ②入射光经过棱镜两次折射后偏转的角度θ. 3．[物理——选修3－5](12分) (1)量子理论是现代物理学两大支柱之一.量子理论的核心观念是“不连续”.关于量子理论, 以下说法正确的是________. A.普朗克为解释黑体辐射,首先提出“能量子”的概念,他被称为“量子之父” B.爱因斯坦实际上是利用量子观念和能量守恒解释了光电效应 C．康普顿效应证明光具有动量,也说明光是不连续的 D．玻尔的能级不连续和电子轨道不连续的观点和现代量子理论是一致的 (2)放射性元素每秒有一个原子核发生衰变时,其放射性活度即为1贝可勒尔.13153I是核电站中核反应的副产物,它可以衰变成13154Xe,半衰期为8天.福岛核电站泄漏出的放射性物质中就含有13153I,当地政府在某次检测中发现空气样品的131 53I放射性活度为本国安全标准值

英语词汇学习题集

英语词汇学习题集 Chapter I A General Survey of English Vocabulary 1. Which of the following is NOT correct? _________ A. A word is a meaningful group of letters. B. A word is a unit of meaning. C. A word is a sound or combination of sounds. D. A word is a form that cannot function alone in a sentence. 3. After the invading Germanic tribes settled down in Britain, their language almost totally blotted out ______. A. Old English B. Middle English C. Anglo-Saxon D. Celtic 4. In the early period of Middle English, English, ______ existed side by side. A. Celtic and Danish B. Danish and French C. Latin and Celtic D. French and Latin 9. Both English and ______ belong to the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family. A. Celtic B. Dansih C. French D. Scottish 12. Words can be classified according to the following criteria EXCEPT _________. A. notion B. use frequency C. foundation D. origin 7. Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of new words?（） A. The rapid development of modern science and technology. B. Geographical and political changes. C. The influence of other cultures and languages. D. Social and economic changes. 6. The major factors that promote the growth of modern English are ______. A. the growth of science and technology B. economic and political changes C. the influence of other cultures and languages D. all the above 7. Since the beginning of this century, ______ has become even more important for the expansion of English vocabulary. A. word-formation B. borrowing C. semantic change D. both B and C 9. The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that ( )

英语词汇学英语词汇学习题2及答案

试题二第一部分选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket（30％） 1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example A. lewd → ignoran t B. silly → foolish C. last → pleasure D. knave → boy 2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: A. humour B. sarcasm C. ridicule D. all the above 3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____. A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradation B. extension, generalization, elevation and degradation C. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradation D. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation 4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _____. A. synecdoche B. metonymy C. substitution D. metaphor 5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____. A. adjectives B. attributes C. modifiers D. words 6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in which a word is used. A. vocabulary B. grammar C. semantic pattern D. syntactic structure 7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning. This change of constituent is known as _____ . A. addition B. replacement C. position-shifting D. variation 8. The word "laconic" is _____. A. onomatopoeically motivated B. morphologically motivated

物理工练习题2及答案

练习题2 一、单项选择题（共25题） 1.点电荷 Q 被曲面 S 所包围，从无穷远处引入另一点电荷 q 至曲面外一点，如图所示，则引入前后： [ ] A. 曲面 S 的电场强度通量不变，曲面上各点场强不变． B. 曲面 S 的电场强度通量变化，曲面上各点场强不变． C. 曲面 S 的电场强度通量变化，曲面上各点场强变化． D. 曲面 S 的电场强度通量不变，曲面上各点场强变化。【知识点】第5章【答案】D 【解析】根据高斯定理，曲面S 的电场强度通量只与曲面包围空间内的电荷总量有关；电量为q 的点电荷移近后，曲面上各点场强将是电量为Q 和q 的点电荷两者产生的场强的矢量和。 2. 半径为R 的“无限长”均匀带电圆柱面的静电场中各点的电场强度的大小E 与距轴线的距离r 的关系曲线为： [ ] 【知识点】第5章【答案】B 【解析】根据高斯定理，“无限长”均匀带电圆柱面内部的电场强度为零，外部的电场强度分布与长直均匀带电线的电场分布一样。 3. 如图所示，一带负电荷的金属球，外面同心地罩一不带电的金属球壳，则在球壳中一点P 处的场强大小与电势（设无穷远处为电势零点）分别为：[ ] A. E = 0，U > 0． B. E = 0，U < 0． C. E = 0，U = 0． D. E > 0，U < 0．【知识点】第5章【答案】B 【解析】静电平衡时，导体内部电场为零，导体为等势体，可以用金属球壳外表面上的电势来计算P 点处的电势。根据电势的计算方法，不难得到金属球壳外表面上的电势为负（等效为外球面上带等量负电荷时的电势）。 E O r (B) E ∝1/r E O r (D) E ∝1/r E O r (C) E ∝1/r R E O r (A) E ∝1/r P

英语词汇学英语词汇学习题3及答案讲课稿

英语词汇学英语词汇学习题3及答案