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《健康教育考试题》word版

《健康教育考试题》word版
《健康教育考试题》word版

2010级健康教育考试题

第一部分单选题(每题2分)

1、良好的饮食习惯中不包括下列哪项?( C )

A、注意规律饮食、均衡饮食不吃腐败变质发霉食物

B、维持食欲、提高消化吸收率,忌择食、零食、偏食

C、:运动前后可进食

2、长期大量饮酒对人体的哪个脏器损害最严重?( B )

A、心脏

B、肝脏

C、肾脏

3、低盐饮食有利于预防高血压,一般每人每天的食盐用量不应超过多少为好?( B )

A、4克

B、6克

C、8克

4、如果不吃早餐,血液里缺少( C ),大脑功能就会受到影响。

A、脂肪

B、维生素

C、葡萄糖

5:饮食中碘缺乏会导致?( A )

A、生长发育和智力受影响

B、身材高大

C、心理疾病

6、夏季在烈日下剧烈运动出汗过多时,为预防中暑应多喝( B )。

A、糖水

B、淡盐水

C、白开水

7、保持居室通风透气,主要是为了预防( A )

A 呼吸道传染病

B 消化道传染病

C 鼠疫

8、肺结核病主要是通过什么途径传播的?( C )

A、消化道

B、母婴传播

C、呼吸道

9、下列哪种方法是预防乙型肝炎最有效的手段?( A )

A、接种乙肝疫苗

B、服用药物

C、勤洗手

10、从感染上艾滋病病毒起,到发展成为艾滋病病人,这一段时间称为艾滋病的潜伏期。艾滋病的潜伏期通常是( C )。

A、 7周

B、7个月

C、2-10年

11、杀灭在体外艾滋病病毒的方法中,下面哪条是对的?(A )

A、不使用消毒剂,即可自然灭亡

B、病毒很脆弱,日常使用的消毒剂即可杀灭;

C、生命力很强,一般消毒药物无法杀灭

12、半夜,你所住的大楼底层突然起火,你该怎么办?( B )

A、关闭门窗,躲在室内,等待救援。

B、用湿毛巾捂住口鼻,放低姿势从安全通道逃离火灾现场,然后拨打电话119报火警。

C、迅速跳窗逃生。

13、假设你正在三楼的教室上课,这时突然发生了地震,并已开始出现房屋坍塌,你该怎么办?( C )

A、冲出教室,找楼梯逃生。

B、跳出窗户逃生。

C、躲避于桌下,背向窗户,并用书包保护头部。

14、肺结核病的典型症状是( A )。

A、咳嗽、咳痰3周以上或咯血。

B、咳嗽、咽疼或流鼻涕。

C、咳嗽、高烧或头疼。

15、下列不是艾滋病的传播途径的是:( B )

A、血液传播

B、呼吸道传播

C、性传播

16、《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》规定管理的传染病可分( A )

A 两类35种

B 三类36种

C 两类24种

D 三类35种

17、7、下列哪种为我国规定报告的甲类传染病( C )

A 肝炎

B 流脑

C 霍乱

D 流感

18、通过血液传播的疾病有( B )

A 麻疹、鼠疫、肺结核

B 艾滋病、丙肝、乙肝

C 流行性出血热、SARS、艾滋病

D 风疹、水痘、菌痢

19、传染病在人群中发生、发展以及引起流行必须具备的条件( B )

A 传染源、宿主和传播途径

B 传染源、传播途径和易感人群

C 传染源、传播途径和机体

D 传染源、传播途径和环境

20、通过消化道传染的疾病有( A )

A 霍乱、细菌性痢疾、伤寒、甲肝

B 细菌性痢疾、伤寒、乙肝、流感

C 霍乱、细菌性痢疾、SARS、艾滋病

D 甲肝、伤寒、麻疹、水痘

第二部分:多选题(每题4分)

1|、初级心肺复苏时气道开放以后如何判断? ( ABC )

A、用眼睛看-病人是否有起伏运动B、用耳听-病人口鼻是否有气流呼吸声C、感觉-用面部感觉病人是否有温热气流呼出D触摸颈动脉搏动

2、遇溺水病人需排除其胸腹腔积水的方法有哪些? ( ABC )

A、膝顶法 B 抱腹法 C 肩顶法 D 压舌法

3、初级心肺复苏中气道开放的方法有哪些? ( ABC )

A:仰头举颏法B、仰头抬颈法

C双手抬颌法D、双手压额法

4、预防狂犬病被狗咬伤后应( ABD )

A

及时到就近医院治疗

B 及时注射狂犬病疫苗

C 注射阿托品

D 立即清洗和消毒伤口

5 性病爱滋病的预防包括? ( AD )

A 树立正确的性道德,自觉反对婚外恋、同性恋或不洁性交

B 禁止卖淫嫖娼

C 早期发现,及时治疗

D 不吸毒不到非正规机构注射、拔牙、纹眉、修指甲

第三部分:问答题(每题20分)

1.简要概述闭合性运动损伤的防治?

答:急性闭合性软组织损伤是而由于某一刻的受力或非生理性运用而导致的局部软组织损伤,皮肤及粘膜保持完整,,伤处与外界没有相通

处理原则:

早期:伤后24—48小时内,局部组织缺血,急性无菌性反应剧烈,大量组织渗出水肿为主要病理改变。处理原则主要是制动、止血、防肿、镇痛和缓解炎症反应。损伤后即刻采用制动、冷敷、加压包扎和抬高患肢等一系列处理。严禁严伤处按摩和热疗。

中期:损伤24—48后,出血停止,急性炎症消退,局部淤血,肉芽组织正在形成,组织正在修复。此期可持续1—2周。处理原则是改善局部血液循环,促进组织的新陈代谢。可采用热疗、按摩、药物及传统中医药方法等多种方法交替进行,同时安排小运动量的功能康复练习。

后期:损伤基本恢复,肿胀、压痛等局部征象已经基本消失,但局部肉芽组织挛缩形成的瘢痕组织的强度和弹性均低于正常组织水平,组织粘连仍然存在,再生的新组织也仍未达到正常组织的物理特性水平。处理原则是增强肌肉力量,恢复关节活动度,松解粘连。通常以功能锻炼为主,治疗可采用理疗、按摩及其他中医药方法。

外用药酒,主要用于运动系统的损伤治疗。使用时,先将药酒涂擦患处,然后在患处及其周围反复按、揉、抚摩,并配合捏压、弹拨、捋顺、旋转等辅助手法,以提高疗效。

涂擦时以温擦为宜,这样有利于药酒渗透到皮下组织,发挥药物活血化瘀、消炎止痛功效。按摩时间每次约15—20分钟,每日1次或隔日1次,一般每5次为一疗程。

2.简要概述初级心肺复苏的步骤?

答:放好体位:使患者仰卧在坚固的平(地)面上,将双上肢放置身体两侧;开放气道并判断有无呼吸:如颈部无创伤,可采用头后仰法开放气道,并清除患者口中的异物和呕吐物,然后将耳朵贴近患者的口鼻附近,感觉有无气息,再观察胸部有无起伏动作,最后仔细听有无气流呼出的声音。若无上述体征可确定无呼吸;

连续吹气两次:捏住患者的鼻孔,防止漏气,急救者用口唇把患者的口全罩住,呈密封状,缓慢吹气,每次吹气应持续2秒钟以上,确保呼吸时胸廓起伏;

连续按压30次:将手掌根贴在患者胸骨的下半部,另一手掌重叠放在这只手背上,肘关节伸直,上肢呈一直线,垂直下压,按压幅度为4--5cm,每次按压后,放松使胸骨恢复到按压前的位置,放松时双手不要离开胸壁,按压频率为100次/分,按压应平稳、有规律地进行,不能间断,不能冲击式的猛压;

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