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2020年英语虚拟语气及倒装精简总结(课件)

2020年英语虚拟语气及倒装精简总结(课件)
2020年英语虚拟语气及倒装精简总结(课件)

2020年英语虚拟语气及倒装精

简总结(课件)

虚拟语气

英语中的各种语气:

1、陈述语气:Ilike apples 我喜欢苹果。

I don’t like apples

2、疑问语气:What’s your name?Do you lik e apples?

3、祈使语气: Open the door

4、虚拟语气: If I were you, I would forgiveher如果我是你,我将会原谅她。

1、与现在的事实相反:从句用过去式,主句用would/could/might/should/+V原形

例如;IfI had time,the classroom wo uldbe cleaner。

如果我有时间,教室将会更加干净。

2、与过去的事实相反:主句用would/could/shoul

d/might/+ havedone , 从句过去完成时。

例如;If I had finished myhomework,I would have passed that test.

如果当时我完成了我的作业,我就能够通过我的考试了。3、与将来的事实相反:主句用:should/could/would/might/+V原形,从句用should do (可能性最大),过去式(可能性一般)were to do(可能性最小)

If it should snow tomorrow,I would make a snowman如果明天下雪,明天我将堆个雪人

Ifit snowed tomorrow,I wouldmake a snowman 如果明天下雪,明天我将堆个雪人

If it were to snow tomorrow,I would make a snowman 如果明天下雪,我将对个雪人

虚拟语气的倒装形式

If I had worked hard,I would have fini shed it 如果当时我努力工作,我就已经完成它了.

Had I worked hard, I would have finished it

Ifit should snowtomorrow, I would

make a snowman

Shouldit snow tomorrow,I would make a snowman

If it were to snowtomorrow,Iwould make a snowman

Were it to snow tomorrow,I wouldmake a snowman

虚拟语气在各类从句中的用法

1、I lifted thechair so that I could beseen 我举起椅子就是为了能被看见 (状语从句)

状语从句中常见连接词:as if好像,as though 好像,in order that为了,for fear that生怕,In case 万一.

2、主语从句: It is +形容词+that+主语+(should+动词原形),should可以省略

It is veryimportant that we(should) st udy English every day我们每天学习英语是很重要的。

3、宾语从句;I wish I would visit the moon我

祝愿自己能有一天拜访月球。

宾语从句常见句型: 主语+常见动词+that+ 主语+should+动词原形

I suggest that you should do yourhomewo rk我建议你应该做你的作业。

4、表语从句;He looked as if he had been here for many years 他看起来好像已经很多年了.

5、同位语从句:

I make a proposal that we should holda meeting next week 我提议下周召开一次会议

虚拟语气常见词汇:demand,require,proposal,advise,order,suggest

虚拟语气的其他用法:

6、祝愿:Long live peace和平万岁

7、It is (high)time that+ 主语+ should/过去式:该做……的时候了.

It’stime that we had a break 我们早该休息了。

It's (high)time that we should protect ourselves 我们是时候保护我们自己了。

8、If only引出感叹句,意思是“要是…。.多好”,表示说话人的一种愿望。

表示现在的情况,应用过去式;

表示过去的情况,应用过去完成时态

表示将来的情况,用would+动词原形

If onlyhe didn’t drive so fast.(现在)

Look at the terrible situation I am in!If only Ihadfollowed your advice.(过去)

Ifonly the rain would stop!(将来)

9、Even if/even though表示一种让步语气,即使。.。也做不成某事.

表示现在的情况,应用过去式

表示过去的情况,应用过去完成时态

Evenif he werehere,hecould not solvethe problem.

Even if I had been busy then, Iwould

have helped you。

练习:

1.If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now。

A。lies B。lay C。 had lain D。should lie

2。 How I wish every family ____a large house withabeautiful garden。

A.has B。 hadC。 willhave D. hadhad

3. Youdid not letme drive. If we ____in turn, you ____ so tired

A. drove;didn’t get B。 drove; wouldn’tget

C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had d riven ;wouldn’t have got

4. _____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bri

dge

A. Were B. Should C. Would D。 Will

5.I suggested the person_____ to be p ut into prison

A. refers

B. referring

C. referred

D. refer

6. When apencil is partly in a glass of wa ter, it looks as ifit____

A。 breaks B. has broken C。 were broken D. had been broken

7。I insisted _____to seea doctor,but he insistednothing ___ wrong with him A。 on himto go; should be B。he went; be C。hego; was D. heshould to; is 8。———Your aunt invites you to the movies today

———I would rather she ____ me tomorr ow than today

A. tells B.told C. wouldtell D. had told

9. —-—Would you have called her up ?

---Yes, but I ____busydoing my homewor k

A。 was B。were C。 had been D。would be

10。 I was ill that day, otherwiseI ____ the sports meet

A.would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D。 would take part in

倒装句

为了强调或平衡句子结构,英语中常用倒装。倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装.

全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前.

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did等,并将其置于主语之前。

1.以here,there,now,then等地点或时间副词开头的句子,谓语动词是be, come,go,remain等,

而主语又是名词时,用全部倒装。

注意:如果句子的主语是代词时,则不倒装.

如:Here comes the bus!/ Here it comes!

2.有些动词与副词out,in,up,down,away等构成不及物动词短语。为了使句子更生动,常将这些副词提前到句首,这时用全部倒装。

注意:句子的主语是代词时,则不倒装。

如:Up went the rocket. / Up itwent。

3.将表示地点的介词短语放在句首进行强调时,使用全部倒装。谓语动词常为不及物动词。

如:From the window came the sound of mus ic。

4.当句子主语部分较长,谓语部分较短,或为了强调句子的表语时,常使用全部倒装。句子的结构为“表语+系动词+主语”。

如:Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat.

5.if虚拟条件状语从句中,如果将连词if省略,需用部分倒装。

如:Were I you, I would go there.

6. as引导的让步状语从句的倒装有如下几种形式:

1) 从句的谓语部分为“不及物动词+副词"时,常将此副词提前到从句句首.如:Hard as you try, you will not be satisfied。

2)从句的谓语部分为“情态动词+不及物动词”时,常将此动词提前到从句句首.如:Wait as you may,hewillnot see you。

3) 从句的谓语部分是“系动词+形容词"时,常将此表语形容词提前到从句句首。如: Proud as thenobles are, theyare afraid to see me.

4) 从句的谓语部分是“系动词+单数名词”时,则常将这个表语提前,但要省略名词前的不定冠词.如: Child as he is,he can tell right from wrong.7。具有(半)否定意义的词或短语位于句首时,用部分倒装。

如:seldom, rarely, not, never, by nomeans, in no time,hardly...when, no so oner.。.than, not only。。。but also等。

如: Not only does hedo well in his lessons, but alsohe often helps others with their lessons。

Hardly did I notice the signalwhen I caugh tby police.

8.“only+状语”位于句首时, 用部分倒装。

如:Only then did I know the importance of English。

9.so...that结构中,有时要强调so所修饰的形容词或副词,常将so 连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提前放在句首.

如: So bright was the moon that the flower s seem as bright as by day。

10.最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下:

1)only +状语或状语从句置于句首,被该状语修饰的句子用部分倒装.

Only inthis way can you solve this pro blem.

只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。

Only after he had spoken outthe word did he realize he had made a big mistake.

只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误.

2) hardly,in noway,little,scarcely,seldom,never,no more,no longer,not,notonly,no sooner,not only …(but also),no tuntil…等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装.......感谢聆听

Hardly do I know chemistry.= I hardly k now chemistry.

1. Not until I began to work ____how much time I had wasted。

A.didn't I realize B. did I realize C。I didn't realize D.Irealized2. Only by practising a few hoursevery day ____ be able to master the language.

A. you can B. can you C。 you will D.wil

l you

3.If you don't go, neither ____。

A。 shall I B。 do I C.I do D。 I shall 4. No sooner ____ to the station ____ the train left.

A. had I got,when

B. I had got, th an

C. hadIgot, than

D. didI get, when

5.——Your father isvery strict wit h you.

____. He never lets off asingle mistake of ours。

A. So he is

B. Soishe

C. He isso D.So does he

6。____ today,he would get thereby Sund ay.

A. Would he leaveB.Was heleaving

C. Were he to leave D.If he leave 7.Never in my life ____ such a thing. A。 I haveheard or have seen B.have I heard or seen

C. I have heard or seen

D. did I hea ror see

8。—— Here____!Where is Xiao Liu?

There ____。

A. comes the bus, is he B. comes the bus,he is

C. the bus comes,is he D. the bus comes,heis

9. ____ , I will not buy it.

A. Muchas doIlikeit

B. As much I like it

C. Much asIlike it D. As I like it much

10.——Ilike football。 I don't like

volleyball.

A.So do I B. Neither do I

C。So itis with me D。 So is it with me ...... 感谢聆听 ......

英语倒装句(最全面_最简洁)

英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后(主语+谓语)。把谓语动词放在主语之前(谓语+主语),就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全部倒装; 如果只把助动词或be 动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。 基本语序(natural order): 主语+谓语+宾语(subject + predicate+ object) I love English. 完全倒装 (full inversion) 谓语+主语 Here came the headmaster. 部分倒装 (partial inversion) 助动词/情态动词+ 主语 + 动词 Nerve will I forgive you. 一、完全倒装 1. There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。 There stood a dog before him. There exist different opinions on this question. 例题: ________ a beautiful palace ________ the foot of the hill. A. There stand; at B. There stands; under C. Stands there; under D. There stands; at 2 (1).在以here、there、now、then等副词开头的句子里。 句式:副词+vi+名词主语 “Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主语" 结构。 Here comes the old lady! Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. Now comes your turn. 如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语语序不变,不用倒装。 如:Here you are. There she comes. (2).表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如: In came Mr. White. Up went the arrow into the air. Away went the boy. 题:There ________. And here ________. A. goes the phone; she comes B. is the phone going; is she C. does the phone go; does she come D. the phone goes; come she 3.当表示地点的介词词组(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)在句首时。 句式:介词短语+vi+主语(必须是名词) 如:At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. East of the lake lie two towns. Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.

英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实,不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况,表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例: If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低),they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注: 虚拟语气,条件状从倒装 状语从句中,去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如:If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world shou ld come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外,without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中,也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及,publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.(表示可能性小)

高中英语语法倒装句讲解及练习(附答案)

高中英语倒装句 倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装 1全部倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有:1)here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如:Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。Here is your letter. 你的信。 2). up,down,out,away,in , off, ahead放于句首Up jumped the cat and caught the mouse. Ahead sat an old woman. 3)表示地点,时间,方向等的介词短语放在句首时例如:After the head walked a group of workers. 4.“作表语的现在分词/过去分词/形容词+系动词+主语”形式的完全倒装 Seated in the front were the guests. 注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如: Here he comes. 他来了。Away they went. 他们走开了。 2部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。 1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, rarely, scarely, in no way, under no circumstance, at no time决不, not until…等。例如: Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。 Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。 当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。注意:如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如: The mother didn\'t leave the room until the child fell asleep. 典型例题 1)---Why can\'t I smoke here? ----At no time___ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B.smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D.does smoking permit 2)Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didn\'t man know D. did man know 2.Not only…but also前面倒装,后面不倒装 Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物,还狠狠批评了送礼的人。 3.Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner…than等,要倒装。 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 典型例题No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B.has the game begun C. did the game begin D.had the game begun 4so, neither, nor作部分倒装 so/neither/nor+be/can(should/will/could…..)/do(did/does)+sb表示\"也\"、\"也不\" 的句子要部分倒装。例如: 典型例题---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? ---I don\'t know, _____. A. nor don\'t I care B. nor do I care C. I don\'t care neither D. I don\'t care also 注意:当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构。意为\"的确如此\"。例如: Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. ---It\'s raining hard.---So it is. 5 only在句首后接状语用总分倒装。例如: Only in this way can you learn English well. 只有这样,你才能学好英语。 如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装。例如: Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时,他才卧床休息。 注意:如果only后的词组不是状语,不需倒装。

英语倒装句

英语倒装句(Inversion) 主语和谓语是句子的核心,它们之间有两种语序: 一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序(Natural Order); 二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序(Inverted Order)。 而倒装语序中又有完全倒装(Full Inversion)和部分倒装(Partial Inversion)完全倒装(Full Inversion):又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。 部分倒装(Partial Inversion):指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。 英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。 前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。 语义解析 一、表示强调: 倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下: +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。 例子: Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。 Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。 2. hardly,in no way,little,scarcely,seldom,never,no more, no longer,not, not only, no sooner, not only … (but also),not until… 等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。 例子: No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我刚到家就下起了雨。 Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班。 Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night . 她昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。 3. so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。 例子: So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。 To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out. 她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了。 以上各例都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极佳的 修辞效果。 二、承上启下

可用虚拟语气的用法总结

虚拟语气的用法总结 语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一.虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句 If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if,采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词(不包括行为动词)移到从句的句首。例如: Were it to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be canceled. Had it not been for the storm, we would have arrived in time. Should the earth stop running, what would happen? 二. 错综时间条件句 有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致,这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。 If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms. 三.含蓄条件句

最全英语倒装句语法

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If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。 If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 4、有时,虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时,if可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即把were, should, had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话,我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 【注意】 若条件从句为否定句,否定词not应置于主语之后,而不能与were,should,had 等缩略成Weren't,Shouldn't,Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏,我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time,I would come. 假若我有时间,我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来,暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中,如without…, but for…,otherwise(要不是因为)等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢。

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虚拟语气用法总结讲课稿

虚拟语气用法总结

虚拟语气用法总结 朱世梅 新时代大学英语中针对虚拟语气的练习题较多,而学生们往往把握不好虚拟语气的正确使用,现将其用法总结如下: 一.虚拟语气在英语里主要用来表达: a. 非真实的情景,不可能发生的事,即某种与事实相反或难以实现的情况,或说话人主观愿望。 b. 与客观事实相反地情景,即强制性虚拟语气,表示建议、命令、劝告这一类的意思上,表示强烈的要求做到、必须做到这样的含义。 c. 虚拟语气的表达形式是通过动词的变化形式表达的,其特点是主从句时态的不一致,而且一般有明显得标志。 二.虚拟语气的考点为: 1.If 句型 (共有三种句型) 非真实条件句: a.与现在的事实相反:从句用一般过去时,主句的谓语用would (could, might) +动词原形 If I were Bill Gates, I would not work so hard every day. b.与过去的事实相反:从句用过去完成时,主句的谓语用would (could, might) +现在完成时 If I had gone to America when I graduated from middle school, I would have got my PhD degree. c.与将来的事实相反:从句用should (were to,did) + 动词原形,主句的谓语用would (could, might) +动词原形 If it should/were to snow tomorrow, I would go skiing.

注意:虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略,再把were, should或had 移到从句句首,实行倒装。 Eg: Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. Eg:_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I 答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词,通常将if省略,主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do. d.混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主,从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。例如:条件句动作发生在过去,主句的动作发生在现在)谓语动词要根据表示的时间进行调整。 Eg: If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在). 2.Wish 句型表达“但愿…,要是…多好”的语气表示与事实相反的情况,或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为: He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。 Wish to do表达法: Wish sb / sth to do I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want the manager to be informed at once.) 3.在强制性语气的宾语从句中的运用即表示建议、命令、劝告、决心等主观色彩的动词 + that + (should) + 动词原形,其中should 经常被省略。这类动词包括: suggest, propose, recommend, demand, order, command, desire, require, insist,

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