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Radii for All Species

Ion Charge Coordination Spin

State

Crystal

Radius

Ionic Radius Key*

Ac3VI 1.26 1.12R

Ag 1

II0.810.67

IV 1.141C

IVSQ 1.16 1.02

V 1.23 1.09C

VI 1.29 1.15C

VII 1.36 1.22

VIII 1.42 1.28

IVSQ0.930.79

VI 1.080.94

IVSQ0.810.67

VI0.890.75R

Al3IV0.530.39* V0.620.48

VI0.6750.535R*

Am 2

VII 1.35 1.21

VIII 1.4 1.26

IX 1.45 1.31

VI 1.1150.975R

VIII 1.23 1.09

VI0.990.85R

VIII 1.090.95

As 3VI0.720.58A 5

IV0.4750.335R*

VI0.60.46C*

At7VI0.760.62A

Au 1VI 1.51 1.37A 3

IVSQ0.820.68

VI0.990.85A 5VI0.710.57

III0.150.01* IV0.250.11* VI0.410.27C VI 1.49 1.35

VII 1.52 1.38C VIII 1.56 1.42

Ba2IX 1.61 1.47

X 1.66 1.52

XI 1.71 1.57

XII 1.75 1.61C

Be2III0.30.16

IV0.410.27* VI0.590.45C

Bi 3

V 1.10.96C

VI 1.17 1.03R*

VIII 1.31 1.17R 5VI0.90.76E

Bk 3VI 1.10.96R 4

VI0.970.83R

VIII 1.070.93R

Br -1VI 1.82 1.96P 3IVSQ0.730.59

5IIIPY0.450.31

IV0.390.25

VI0.530.39A

C4III0.06-0.08

IV0.290.15P VI0.30.16A

Ca2VI 1.141

VII 1.2 1.06* VIII 1.26 1.12* IX 1.32 1.18

X 1.37 1.23C XII 1.48 1.34C

Cd2IV0.920.78

V 1.010.87

VI 1.090.95

VII 1.17 1.03C VIII 1.24 1.1C XII 1.45 1.31

Ce 3

VI 1.15 1.01R

VII 1.21 1.07E

VIII 1.283 1.143R

IX 1.336 1.196R

X 1.39 1.25

XII 1.48 1.34C 4

VI 1.010.87R

VIII 1.110.97R

X 1.21 1.07

XII 1.28 1.14

Cf 3VI 1.090.95R 4

VI0.9610.821R

VIII 1.060.92

Cl -1VI 1.67 1.81P 5IIIPY0.260.12

IV0.220.08*

VI0.410.27A

Cm 3VI 1.110.97R 4

VI0.990.85R

VIII 1.090.95R

Co 2

IV High Spin0.720.58

V0.810.67C

Low Spin0.790.65R

High Spin0.8850.745R* VIII 1.040.9

3VI

High Spin0.750.61

Low Spin0.6850.545R* 4

IV0.540.4

VI High Spin0.670.53R

Cr 2VI

Low Spin0.870.73E

High Spin0.940.8R* 3VI0.7550.615R* 4

IV0.550.41

VI0.690.55R 5

IV0.4850.345R

VI0.630.49ER

VIII0.710.57

IV0.40.26

VI0.580.44C

Cs1VI 1.81 1.67 VIII 1.88 1.74 IX 1.92 1.78 X 1.95 1.81 XI 1.99 1.85 XII 2.02 1.88

Cu 1

II0.60.46

IV0.740.6E

VI0.910.77E 2

IV0.710.57

IVSQ0.710.57*

V0.790.65*

VI0.870.73

3VI Low Spin0.680.54

D1II0.04-0.1

Dy 2

VI 1.21 1.07

VII 1.27 1.13

VIII 1.33 1.19

VI 1.0520.912R

3VII 1.110.97

VIII 1.167 1.027R IX 1.223 1.083R

Er3VI 1.030.89R VII 1.0850.945

VIII 1.144 1.004R IX 1.202 1.062R

Eu 2

VI 1.31 1.17

VII 1.34 1.2

VIII 1.39 1.25

IX 1.44 1.3

X 1.49 1.35

VI 1.0870.947R

VII 1.15 1.01

VIII 1.206 1.066R

IX 1.26 1.12R

F -1

II 1.145 1.285

III 1.16 1.3

IV 1.17 1.31

VI 1.19 1.33

7VI0.220.08A

Fe 2

IV High Spin0.770.63

IVSQ High Spin0.780.64

Low Spin0.750.61E

High Spin0.920.78R* VIII High Spin 1.060.92C

IV High Spin0.630.49*

V0.720.58

Low Spin0.690.55R

High Spin0.7850.645R* VIII High Spin0.920.78

4VI0.7250.585R 6IV0.390.25R

Fr1VI 1.94 1.8A

Ga3IV0.610.47* V0.690.55

VI0.760.62R*

Gd3VI 1.0780.938R VII 1.141

VIII 1.193 1.053R IX 1.247 1.107RC

Ge 2VI0.870.73A 4

IV0.530.39*

VI0.670.53R*

H1I-0.24-0.38 II-0.04-0.18

Hf4IV0.720.58R VI0.850.71R VII0.90.76

VIII0.970.83

Hg 1

III 1.110.97

VI 1.33 1.19

II0.830.69

IV 1.10.96

VI 1.16 1.02

VIII 1.28 1.14R

Ho3VI 1.0410.901R VIII 1.155 1.015R IX 1.212 1.072R X 1.26 1.12

I -1VI 2.06 2.2A 5

IIIPY0.580.44*

VI 1.090.95

IV0.560.42

VI0.670.53

In3IV0.760.62

VI0.940.8R* VIII 1.060.92RC

Ir 3VI0.820.68E 4VI0.7650.625R 5VI0.710.57EM

K1IV 1.51 1.37 VI 1.52 1.38 VII 1.6 1.46 VIII 1.65 1.51 IX 1.69 1.55 X 1.73 1.59 XII 1.78 1.64

La3VI 1.172 1.032R VII 1.24 1.1

VIII 1.3 1.16R IX 1.356 1.216R X 1.41 1.27

XII 1.5 1.36C

Li1IV0.730.59* VI0.90.76* VIII 1.060.92C

Lu3VI 1.0010.861R VIII 1.1170.977R IX 1.172 1.032R IV0.710.57

Mg2V0.80.66

VI0.860.72*

VIII 1.030.89C

Mn 2

IV High Spin0.80.66

V High Spin0.890.75C

Low Spin0.810.67E

High Spin0.970.83R* VII High Spin 1.040.9C

VIII 1.10.96R 3

V0.720.58

High Spin0.7850.645R*

Low Spin0.720.58R 4

IV0.530.39R

VI0.670.53R* 5IV0.470.33R 6IV0.3950.255

IV0.390.25

VI0.60.46A

Mo 3VI0.830.69E 4VI0.790.65RM 5

IV0.60.46R

VI0.750.61R 6

IV0.550.41R*

V0.640.5

VI0.730.59R*

VII0.870.73

N -3IV 1.32 1.46

3VI0.30.16A 5

III0.044-0.104

VI0.270.13A

Na1IV 1.130.99

V 1.141

VI 1.16 1.02

VII 1.26 1.12

VIII 1.32 1.18

IX 1.38 1.24C XII 1.53 1.39

Nb 3VI0.860.72

VI0.820.68RE

VIII0.930.79

IV0.620.48C

VI0.780.64

VII0.830.69C

VIII0.880.74

VIII 1.43 1.29

IX 1.49 1.35

3VI 1.1230.983R VIII 1.249 1.109R* IX 1.303 1.163R XII 1.41 1.27E

Ni 2

IV0.690.55

IVSQ0.630.49

V0.770.63E

VI0.830.69R* 3VI

Low Spin0.70.56R*

High Spin0.740.6E 4VI Low Spin0.620.48R

No2VI 1.24 1.1E

Np 2VI 1.24 1.1

3VI 1.15 1.01R 4

VI 1.010.87R

VIII 1.120.98R 5VI0.890.75

6VI0.860.72R 7VI0.850.71A

O-2

II 1.21 1.35 III 1.22 1.36 IV 1.24 1.38 VI 1.26 1.4 VIII 1.28 1.42

OH-1II 1.18 1.32

III 1.2 1.34

IV 1.21 1.35E VI 1.23 1.37E

Os 4VI0.770.63RM 5VI0.7150.575E 6

V0.630.49

VI0.6850.545E 7VI0.6650.525E 8IV0.530.39

P 3VI0.580.44A 5

IV0.310.17*

V0.430.29

VI0.520.38C

Pa 3VI 1.18 1.04E 4

VI 1.040.9R

VIII 1.15 1.01

VI0.920.78

VIII 1.050.91

IX 1.090.95

IVPY 1.120.98C

VI 1.33 1.19

Pb 2

VII 1.37 1.23C

VIII 1.43 1.29C

IX 1.49 1.35C

X 1.54 1.4C

XI 1.59 1.45C

XII 1.63 1.49

IV0.790.65E

V0.870.73E

VI0.9150.775R

VIII 1.080.94R

Pd 1II0.730.59

IVSQ0.780.64

VI10.86

3VI0.90.76

4VI0.7550.615R

Pm3VI 1.110.97R VIII 1.233 1.093R IX 1.284 1.144R

Po 4

VI 1.080.94R

VIII 1.22 1.08R 6VI0.810.67A

Pr 3

VI 1.130.99R

VIII 1.266 1.126R

IX 1.319 1.179R 4

VI0.990.85R

VIII 1.10.96R

Pt 2

IVSQ0.740.6

VI0.940.8A 4VI0.7650.625R 5VI0.710.57ER

Pu 3VI 1.141R 4

VI10.86R

VIII 1.10.96

5VI0.880.74E 6VI0.850.71R

Ra2VIII 1.62 1.48R XII 1.84 1.7R

Rb1

VI 1.66 1.52

VII 1.7 1.56

VIII 1.75 1.61

IX 1.77 1.63E X 1.8 1.66

XI 1.83 1.69

XII 1.86 1.72

XIV 1.97 1.83

4VI0.770.63RM

Re 5VI0.720.58E 6VI0.690.55E 7

IV0.520.38

VI0.670.53

Rh 3VI0.8050.665R 4VI0.740.6RM 5VI0.690.55

Ru 3VI0.820.68

4VI0.760.62RM 5VI0.7050.565ER 7IV0.520.38

8IV0.50.36

S -2VI 1.7 1.84P 4VI0.510.37A 6

IV0.260.12*

VI0.430.29C

Sb 3

IVPY0.90.76

V0.940.8

VI0.90.76A 5VI0.740.6*

Sc3VI0.8850.745R* VIII 1.010.87R*

Se -2VI 1.84 1.98P 4VI0.640.5A 6

IV0.420.28*

VI0.560.42C

Si4IV0.40.26* VI0.540.4R*

Sm 2

VII 1.36 1.22

VIII 1.41 1.27

IX 1.46 1.32

VI 1.0980.958R

VII 1.16 1.02E

VIII 1.219 1.079R

IX 1.272 1.132R

XII 1.38 1.24C

Sn4IV0.690.55R V0.760.62C VI0.830.69R* VII0.890.75

VIII0.950.81C

Sr2VI 1.32 1.18

VII 1.35 1.21

VIII 1.4 1.26

IX 1.45 1.31

X 1.5 1.36C

XII 1.58 1.44C

Ta 3VI0.860.72E 4VI0.820.68E 5

VI0.780.64

VII0.830.69

VIII0.880.74

Tb 3

VI 1.0630.923R

VII 1.120.98E

VIII 1.18 1.04R

IX 1.235 1.095R 4

VI0.90.76R

VIII 1.020.88

Tc 4VI0.7850.645RM 5VI0.740.6ER 7

IV0.510.37

VI0.70.56A

Te -2VI 2.07 2.21P 4

III0.660.52

IV0.80.66

VI 1.110.97

IV0.570.43C

VI0.70.56*

Th4VI 1.080.94C VIII 1.19 1.05RC IX 1.23 1.09* X 1.27 1.13E XI 1.32 1.18C XII 1.35 1.21C

Ti 2VI10.86E 3VI0.810.67R*

IV0.560.42C

V0.650.51C

VI0.7450.605R*

VIII0.880.74C

Tl 1

VI 1.64 1.5R

VIII 1.73 1.59R

XII 1.84 1.7RE 3

IV0.890.75

VI 1.0250.885R

VIII 1.120.98C

Tm 2

VI 1.17 1.03

VII 1.23 1.09

VI 1.020.88R

VIII 1.1340.994R

IX 1.192 1.052R 3VI 1.165 1.025R

U 4

VI 1.030.89

VII 1.090.95E

VIII 1.141R*

IX 1.19 1.05

XII 1.31 1.17E 5

VI0.90.76

VII0.980.84E 6

II0.590.45

IV0.660.52

VI0.870.73*

VII0.950.81E

VIII10.86

V 2VI0.930.79

3VI0.780.64R* 4

V0.670.53

VI0.720.58R*

VIII0.860.72E 5

IV0.4950.355R*

V0.60.46*

VI0.680.54

W 4VI0.80.66RM 5VI0.760.62R 6

IV0.560.42*

V0.650.51

VI0.740.6*

Xe8IV0.540.4 VI0.620.48

Y3VI 1.040.9R* VII 1.10.96

VIII 1.159 1.019R* IX 1.215 1.075R

Yb 2

VI 1.16 1.02

VII 1.22 1.08E

VIII 1.28 1.14

VI 1.0080.868R*

VII 1.0650.925E

VIII 1.1250.985R

IX 1.182 1.042R

Zn2IV0.740.6* V0.820.68* VI0.880.74R* VIII 1.040.9C

Zr4IV0.730.59R V0.80.66C VI0.860.72R* VII0.920.78*

VIII0.980.84*

IX 1.030.89

*Notes Regarding Key.

R, From r3 vs V plots.

C, Calculated from bond length - bond strength equations.

E, Estimated.

?, Doubtful.

*, Most Reliable.

M, From Metallic Oxides.

A, Ahrens (1952) Ionic radius.1

P, Pauling's (1960) Crystal Radius.2

All data presented here has been taken from "Revised Effective Ionic Radii and

Systematic Studies of Interatomic Distances in Halides and Chalcogenides" By R. D.

Shannon. Central Research and Development Department, Experimental Station, E. I. Du

Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware 19898, U.S.A.

Published in Acta Crystallographica. (1976). A32, Pages 751-767.

1L. H. Ahrens. Published in 1952 Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 2, Pages 155-169.

2"The Nature of the Chemical Bond" L. Pauling. Published in 1961 by Ithaca: Cornell

University Press.

英语作文关于共享单车的篇精编

(一) 假定你是红星中学初三学生李华。你的美国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国新近出现的一种共享单车“mobike”很感兴趣，并请你做个简要介绍。请你给Jim回信，内容包括： 1. 这种单车的使用方法(如：APP查看车辆、扫码开锁等); 2. 这种单车的优势; 3. 你对这种单车的看法。注意：1. 词数不少于80; 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：智能手机smartphone, 二维码the QR code 参考范文 Dear Jim, I’m writing to tell you more about the new form of sharing bike mobike mentioned in your latest letter. It’s very convenient to use if you have a smartphone. What you do is find a nearest mobikethrough the APP, scan the QR code on the bike, and enjoy your trip. Compared to other forms of sharing bike, the greatest advantage of mobike is that you can easily find one and never worry about where to park it. It is becoming a new trend as a means of transportation, which relieves the traffic pressure and does good to the environment as well. Hope to ride a mobike with you in China. Yours, Li Hua (二) 最近很多大城市都投放了共享单车(shared bikes)，比如摩拜单车(Mobike)、Ofo共享单车等。由于它们方便停放，骑车也能起到锻炼身体的作用，作为代步工具很受大家欢迎。但是，各地也出现了很多毁车现象，比如刮掉车上的二维码(QR code)、上私锁等。你对这种现象怎么看?你对共享单车公司有什么建议吗?写一篇符合逻辑的英语短文，80词左右。参考词汇：bike-sharing companies 共享单车公司，Mobike 和Ofo 是两家共享单车公司，convenience 方便，register登记参考范文 The shared bikes like Mobike and Ofo bring great convenience to people. You needn’t lock them by simply using your smart phone. They can take you where the subway and bus don’t go. And they can be left anywhere in public for the next user. However, bad things happen. Some people damage the QR code on the bike, or use their own lock, which causes trouble to other users. In my opinion, it’s difficult to turn these people’s ideas in a short time. Therefore, bike-sharing companies like Mobike and Ofo need to do something. For example, those who damage the bike should pay for their actions. Also, because people use their real name toregister as a user, it’s a good way to connect to one’s personal credit. In the end, what I want to say is to take good care of public services. (三) 共享单车(bicycle sharing)已成为时下最热的话题之一，请你就这一话题写一篇短文。内容须包括三方面：1. 共享单车蓬勃发展，成为社会热潮;2. 共享单车带来便利，但也存在问题;3. 我对解决问题的建议。参考范文 Bicycle Sharing With the development of technology, bicycle sharing comes into people's lives. It becomes more and more popular and much news reported it. At the same time, we should see that there are some problems caused by bicycle sharing. On one side, bicycle sharing makes it very convenient of people traveling. You can find a bicycle anywhere at any time when you want to go out for a cycling, and the price of one trip is very low. It can save time for people. On the other side, its management is not perfect. Even kids can open the lock and ride the bicycle, there is no doubt that such behavior is very dangerous.

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介绍北京的英语作文(2) AsBeijinghasbeenconfirmedhomecityofOlympics2008,the spiritofgreenOlympics,scientificOlympicsandhumanizedOlymp icwillsurelybringmoreandmorechangestoBeijing,promotethed evelopmentofsportsandOlympicsinChinaaswellasintheworld,a ndstrengthenthefriendlycommunicationsbetweenChineseandf oreignpeople. 篇六：Beijing BeijingisthecapitalofPeoplesRepublicofChinaandthenation scentreforpolitics,economyandculture.Itenjoysalongandrichhis tory.Therearenumerousheritagesitesandwonderfulexamplesof ancientarchitecture,suchastheworld-famousGreatWall,theTem pleofHeavenandtheForbiddenCity. Besidessightseeingplaces,therearemanydeliciousfoodsuch asPekingducksandBeijingsnacks.Beijingisreallyagoodplacetotr avel. 篇七：Beijing AsthecaptainofChina，Beijinghasbeenthemostpopularcityofchina。SomoreandmorepeoplewanttovisitBeijing.

用造句子大全

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