英美文化真题练习
英语知识50题
1.There are __C____ political divisions on the island of Great Britain.
A. one
B. two
C. three
D. four
2. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except ___B____.
A. no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council;
B. no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the land
C. London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges
D. There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country.
3. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ____B____ modified and improved the design in 1765.
A. Abraham Darby
B. James Watt
C. John Kay
D. Richard Arkwright
4. In some areas factory farming methods are used, particularly for ___D_____.
A. growing crop
B. producing milk
C. catching fish
D. rearing poultry
5. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ___A___ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.
A. Prime Minister
B. Member of Parliament
C. Lord of Appeal
D. Speaker of the House
6. Under the Anglo - Irish Treaty, Britain established ___B____ with dominion status in Ireland in 1921.
A. the Anglican Church of Ireland
B. the Irish Free State
C. the Irish Republican Army
D. the Anglo - Irish Intergovernmental Council
7. Irish broadcasting began in ___C___ in a small studio called Dublin Broadcasting Station.
A. 1906
B. 1916
C. 1926
D. 1936
8. ___D____ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery.
A. Frederick Douglass
B. George Washington
C. John Adams
D. Abraham Lincoln
9. But even after the abolition of slavery, organized or individual discrimination was practiced against ___D___.
A. Chinese - Americans
B. American Indians
C. Japanese - Americans
D. black Americans
10. From 1948 to 1966 average yearly growth in real spendable earnings was ___B___ percent in the United States.
A. 1.1
B. 2.1
C. 3.1
D. 4.1
11. After a period of prosperity (1920 ~ 1929), government involvement in the economy increased ____A_____.
A. during the Great Depression
B. after the WW I
C. after the WW II
D. during the Cold War
12. The United States grows nearly ___B__ of the world's grain and supplies
a half of all the exports of grain in the world.
A. one third
B. one fourth
C. one sixth
D. one seventh
13. Through the Department of __A___, the President is responsible for the protection of Americans abroad and of foreign nationals in the United States.
A. State
B. Justice
C. Labor
D. Defense
14. The community college embodies ___B_____ belief that an education should be practical as well as liberal.
A. George Washington's
B. Thomas Jefferson's
C. Abraham Lincoln's
D. Franklin Roosevelt's
15. The exploratory voyage made by ___B___ brought to a close to an era of European discovery of Australia that had lasted nearly two hundred years.
A. Arthur Philip
B. Mathew Flinders
C. Port Jackson
D. Peter Lalor
16. After the outbreak of the First World War, Australia followed Britain's lead and declared war on ____D____.
A. Japan
B. Turkey
C. Italy
D. Germany
17. The European discovery of Canada can be traced back to the end of the ___B___ century.
A. 14th
B. 15th
C. 16th
D. 17th
18. Northern provinces and territories tale up __D___ of Canada.
A. half
B. two thirds
C. one third
D. four fifths
19. In New Zealand, hydroelectricity from rivers and dams supplies
____C____ of total energy.
A. 15%
B. 16%
C. 17%
D. 18%
20. In the United States, Halloween is night - time ___A___ holiday.
A. children's
B. men's
C. women's
D. old men's
21. Australia is generally divided into the following three topographical regions except __B___.
A. the Great Western Plateau
B. the Outback
C. the Eastern Highlands
D. the Central Eastern Lowlands
22. In Britain the succession order of the Crown can be altered only by common consent of __D___.
A. all members of the royal family
初中英语英美文化中英美文化常识素材【word版】.doc
About American 1.What is the full name of America? The United States of America 2 How many states are there in the United States? Fifty states 3 What is the capital of the USA Washington D.C. 4 Where is the Stature of Liberty? In New York 5 Where does the American president live ? In the white house About Britain 1 What does UK stand for ? The United Kingdom 2 What us the full name of the UK? The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 3What are the four parts of the UK? England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. 4In which continent is the UK situated? In Europe. 5 By which channel is the UK separated The English Channel About China 1.How many ethnic groups are there in China? 56 2.In which continent is China located In Asia 3. what are the four great inventions in ancient China? Paper-making, printing, gunpowder, and the compass 4. What is the largest island in China? Taiwan Island 5. When was the people’s Republic of China founded?
英美文化概况之英国篇
英美文化概况之英国篇 英国早期人文历史常识 （一） 英国东邻北海，西、北面对大西洋，南面是英吉利海峡（the English Channel），与法国隔海相望。 地理上，这里被称为“不列颠群岛”（British Isles），由大不列颠岛（Great Britain）和爱尔兰岛（Ireland）这两大岛屿，以及其它几百个小岛组成。 大不列颠岛上分布着英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士（England,Scotland and Wales）三个区域，而爱尔兰岛则分成北爱尔兰和爱尔兰共和国（Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland）两块。 政治上，大不列颠和北爱尔兰共同组成联合王国（the United Kingdom），而爱尔兰共和国则是独立于联合王国而存在的独立的国家。我们通常所说的英国，则是指联合王国。 联合王国的首都是伦敦（London）；而爱尔兰共和国的首都是都柏林（Dublin）。 大不列颠岛在政治上被划分成英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士三个区域，其中英格兰面积最大、人口最多，总的来说也最为富裕。因此很多人通常会用“英格兰人”（English）指代“不列颠人”（British），这点当然会引起苏格兰人和威尔士人（Scots and Welsh）的不满。不列颠在大约一百年前曾统治着世界上四分之一的人口和土地，其殖民地遍布全球各大洲。二战之后，随着不列颠国力衰退，各殖民地纷纷独立，不列颠帝国（the British Empire）在1931年起被英联邦所取代。
英联邦（the Commonwealth of Nations）是由英国和已经独立的前英国殖民地或附 属国组成的联合体。英国作为英联邦元首并无政治实权；各国在一定协议上相互进行政治、主要是经济方面的磋商和合作；各成员国也有权利选择退出英联邦。 （二） 英国地势西北高、东南低。其西北地区主要地形是高原；而东部和东南部则主要是低地，他们是整个欧洲平原（the Great European Plain）的组成部分。 英格兰占据了大不列颠南面的最大部分土地，那里地势平缓，多为平原、丘陵和沼泽地。特别是英格兰东部沿海地区，土地肥沃，适于耕种。 苏格兰多为山地、湖泊和岛屿，它拥有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地以及南部山陵。不列颠最高峰尼维斯峰（Ben Nevis）便座落于此，高1,343米。威尔士亦是多山地区，6%的土地被森林覆盖，大部分村庄以放牧为主。 北爱尔兰北部为多岩石、荒蛮的海岸，曲折蜿蜒。其东北部多为高地，东南部为山区，而中部则是低浅的盆地。 不列颠是个岛屿国家，四面环海，它隔着英吉利海峡与欧洲大陆遥遥相望。位处英法两国之间的英吉利海峡最窄之处被称作多佛海峡（Straits of Dover），仅有33公里宽度。1985年英国政府和法国政府决定在多佛海峡处修建海峡隧道。 总长153公里的隧道于1994年五月竣工通车，使得欧洲公路网得以连成一体，被誉为人类工程史上的一个伟业。 英国河流分布细密。塞文河（the Severn）是英国第一大河流，长338公里，它同西
英美文化口语考试话题
Chapter One: Understanding the Culture of the United States 1. Who established the dominant American culture? Immigrants, most immigrants were from northern Europe, and the majority were from England. Their values and traditions became the dominant, traditional culture of the United States. Chapter Two: Traditional American Values and Beliefs 2. What are the six traditional American values and beliefs? Individual freedom and self-reliance，equality of opportunity and competition，material wealth and hard work。 Chapter Three: The American Religious Heritage 3. What is the most important heritage of Protestantism in the United States? Self-improvement（p54）。Material success，hard work。Self-discipline。Volunteerism and humanitarianism（人道主义） Chapter Three: The American Religious Heritage 4. What is the “Protestant work ethic” according to our textbook? The belief in hard work and self-discipline in pursuit of material gain and other goals is often referred to as …the Protestant work ethic?.(p55 13) Chapter Four: The Frontier Heritage 5. What does "frontier" refer to in American history? American macho heroes. Inventiveness and the can-do spirit. Chapter Four: The Frontier Heritage 6. What are the two new values derived from the American frontier? Inventiveness and the can-do spirit. (p77) Chapter Four: The Frontier Heritage 7. Why did the sale of guns rise after 9/11? How Americans reacted to 911 reveals another legacy of the frontier: Americans? willingness to take the law into their own hands to protect themselves and their families. This tendency usually appears when Americans believe the police cannot adequately protect them.
英美文化测试题
British and American Culture Exam PRACTICE SECTION 1 1.Which one of the following is NOT a principle of the welfare state? a)The protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizens b)Everything is free for British and American government officials c)Equality of opportunity and equitable distribution of wealth d)Public responsibility for those unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions for a good life 2.Which one of the following is NOT a welfare benefit in Britain and America? a)Job seeker’s Allowance for those looking for work b)Incapacity benefits for those unable to work c)Child benefits for those with many children d)Childless benefits for those without many children 3.Which one of the following is NOT a welfare service for America, but is only for Britain? a)Education b)Healthcare c)Social Services d)Housing 4.Which country’s people pay the most income tax? a)People in Britain pay more income tax than people in America b)People in America pay far more income tax than people in Britain c)Both the people in Britain and America pay the same amount of income tax d)Neither the British or American people pay any income tax 5.What does the acronym ‘NHS’ stand for? a)New Hospital Service b)New Health Service c)National Hospital Service d)National Health Service 6.How is the NHS paid for? a)Taxpayers money b)Donations c)Volunteers d)Insurance 7.Which one of the following statements is true for the American healthcare system? a)Everyone receives the same treatment b)Free at the point of use c)The treatment you get depends on your health insurance d)Funded by the nation 8.Which one of the following statements is true regarding the TV licence? a)The TV licence is a tax for people with TVs in Britain b)The TV licence is a tax for people without TVs in Britain c)The TV licence is a tax for people with TVs in America
【英美文化】各章节知识点
Outline of chapters After learning this chapter you should learn to Chapter 1 I. terms: culture, iceberg, culture shock, low context culture/ high context culture, collectivism/ individualism, relationship-oriented/ task-oriented, multicultural person, monocultural person, multilingual person, the characteristics of culture II. Questions: 1. List some cultural differences between the west and east. at least 5. 2. What is cultural stereotype and its influence on cultural learning? 3. What kind of attitude shall we take towards cultural learning and cultural generalizations? Chapter 2 I. Terms: value, individualism, collectivism, individual-oriented society, group-oriented society II. Questions： 1. The core value of the U.S.: individualism, privacy, equality, informality, directness and assertiveness. 2. The core value of Britain: class system, British food, socializing, understatement and so on. 3. Different value in American and British daily life. 4. Cultural reasons of cheating. 5. The child-parent relationship in different culture. 6. The difference of American dream and Chinese dream. Chapter 3: I. Terms： Western-style conversation, Japanese-style conversation, low-context communication, high-context communication II. Questions: 1.Can you use different ballgames to explain western-style conversation and Japanese-style conversation? 2.What are the differences between low-context and high-context communication? 3.How should students organize their expository writing in English? 4.What are the unspoken rules for a language? 5.Can you give a specific example of directness in verbal interaction between Americans? Chapter 4 1.Illustrate the importance of nonverbal communication. 2.Know at least 5 aspects of silent language. 3.Explain the functions of nonverbal cues. 4.Explain Americans’ perception of time and their time concept.
英美文化概论整理
英国： 1、The official name of the United Kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 2、The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain(the larger one)and Ireland,and hundreds of small ones. 3、（UK）capital:London 4、There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England,Scotland,and Wales.England is the largest,most populous and richest. 5、The British Empire（大英帝国）:one fourth of the world’s people and one fourth of the world’s land area.The British Empire gradually disappeared and it was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in1931.The Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. 6、The United Kingdom is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.The English Channel lies between Britain and France. 7、The highest mountain in Britain is Ben Nevis（本尼维斯山）,1,343m in Scotland.The longest river is the Severn River（塞文河）（338km）;the second largest and most important river is the Thames River（336km）. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh（内伊湖）in Northern Ireland. 8、The English are Anglo-Saxons（盎格鲁撒克逊人）,but the Scots,
英美文化概况试题5
山东经济学院2010--2011学年第 1学期期末试题 英美文化概况（110126）试卷（5） 注意事项：所有的答案都必须写在答题纸上，答在试卷上一律无效 Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. 2. The divine right of the king means the sovereign derived his authority from his subjects. 3. In Britain, Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general education. 4. The Prime Minister and Cabinet decide on the general direction of Britain’s foreign policy. 5. The origin of Bowling lies in the victory celebration ceremony by the ancient warriors. 6. Americans have to join a political party in order to vote or to be a candidate for public office. 7. The Clinton Administration made national security, economic prosperity and promotion of democracy the three pillars of the American foreign policy. 8.It takes at least fours years to get a bachelor’s degree from an institution of higher learning in the US. 9. In Britain, Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general education. 10. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives. 11.The main duty of the Congress is to make laws, including those which levy taxes that pay for the work of the federal government. 12.Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called “Gaelic” 13. When George W. Bush became President, his foreign policy has two prominent elements: isolationism and faith in military strength. 14. Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials. 15. There are about 60 members of the Commonwealth. 16. The state of Pennsylvania used to be inhabited by the Quakers. - 1 - （共页）
英美文化知识点整理
Chapter 1 1.the geographical composition of the U.K.: two/four parts 2.the population: the majority / the earliest inhabitants 3.the English language: the Germanic group of the Indo-European family / three periods Chapter 2 4.Westminster Abbey 5.1066, Norman Conquest, feudalism 6.Henry II—jury system 7.Magna Carta 8.the Hundred Years’ War 9.House of Tudor: medieval to modern 10.Religious Reformation: the Roman Catholic Church VS. Henry VIII 11.two camps of the Civil War 12.the Glorious Revolution, the Bill of Rights, constitutional monarchy 13.the Industrial Revolution: reasons / effects 14.the British Empire —colonization 15.Three Majestic Circles Chapter 3 16.the British Constitution: three parts 17.a division of powers among three branches 18.Parliament —the law-making body; two houses The House of Commons —center of parliamentary power 19.the role of the Prime Minister 20.The House of Lords —Supreme Court 21.Scotland —a distinct legal system 22.right/left wing party 23.a general election —every 5 years 24.The Commonwealth —decolonization; an unpolitical union of sovereign states Chapter 4 25.Margaret Thatcher and her controversial policies 26.three sectors of economy —primary, secondary and tertiary 27.the major trends in the British economy 28.two pillar industries of the current British economy Chapter 5 29.British compulsory education —5 to 16 30.four stages secondary education —comprehensive school further education —sixth form 31.two systems
英美文化知识小点总结
Historic events 一)Hundred Years’ war 百年战争 It was a series of separate conflicts between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France and their various allies for control of the French throne, which had become vacant upon the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings. Time: From1337 to 1543 The war is commonly divided into three or four phases, separated by various unsuccessful truces: ①the Edwardian War (1337–1360); ②the Caroline War (1369–1389); ③the Lancastrian War (1415–1453); Cause: The background to the conflict is to be found in 1066, when William, Duke of Normandy, led an invasion of England. He defeated the English King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings, and had himself crowned King of England. As Duke of Normandy, he remained a vassal of the French King, and was required to swear fealty to the latter for his lands in France; for a king to swear fealty to another king was considered humiliating, and the Norman Kings of England generally attempted to avoid the service. On the French side, the Capetian monarchs resented a neighboring king holding lands within their own realm, and sought to neutralize the threat England now posed to France The King of England directly ruled more territory on the continent than did the King of France himself. This situation – in which the kings of England owed vassalage to a ruler who was de facto much weaker – was a cause of continual conflict. John of England inherited this great estate from King Richard I. However, Philip II of France acted decisively to exploit the weaknesses of King John, both legally and militarily, and by 1204 had succeeded in wresting control of most of the ancient territorial possessions. Significance: The Hundred Years' War was a time of military evolution. Weapons, tactics, army structure, and the societal meaning of war all changed, partly in response to the demands of the war, partly through advancement in technology, and partly through lessons that warfare taught. The war also stimulated nationalistic sentiment. It devastated France as a land, but it also awakened French nationalism. The Hundred Years' War accelerated the process of transforming France from a feudal monarchy to a centralized state. The conflict became one of not just English and French kings but one between the English and French peoples. There were constant rumours in England that the French meant to invade and destroy the English language. National feeling that emerged out of such rumours unified both France and England further. The Hundred Years War basically confirmed the fall of the French language in England, which had served as the language of the ruling classes and commerce there from the time of the Norman Conquest until 1362 Important Figures: England King Edward III 1327–1377 Edward II's son
研究生课程——英美文化(重点)
●Introduction to the United Kingdom 1、全称The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2、组成England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland 3、The Union Flag：The Union Jack，is a combination (union) of the flags of St George, St Andrew and St Patrick. 4、Bordered by four seas： to the south by the English Channel to the east by the North Sea to the west by the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean 5、The Prime Meridian本初子午线、Greenwich 6、England---London、Scotland---Edinburgh、Wales---Cardiff、Northern Ireland---Belfast ●Education 1、The purpose of education： to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills they will need to become active members of society to socialize children 2、divided into six terms: 9-10、10-12、1-2、2- 3、4-5、6-7 3、The main school holidays are: ＊Christmas- 2 weeks ＊Easter - 2 weeks ＊Summer - 6 weeks There are also one-week holidays: ＊end of October ＊mid February ＊end of May 4、state schools: private schools:public schools=independent schools 5、age 16: GCSE exams (General Certificate of Secondary Education)中学毕业证书 ①quit school and find a job ②prepare to sit exams for university entrance :A-levels (General Certificate of Education-Advanced)高级水平测试结业证书 ③concentrate on vocational training:GNVQs (General National V ocational Qualifications)国家专业资格证书 6、O-level(Ordinary-level) 7、Oxford and Cambridge--Oxbridge (the oldest) 8、In Scotland:St. Andrew (1411) Glasgow (1450) Aberdeen (1494) Edinburgh (1538) 9、Bachelor(学士) 10、departments:chief (professor),Professors, Readers/Senior Lecturers, Lecturers ●British Media 1、TV、radio、Newspaper 2、Quality paper、Tabloids 3、The Observer 《观察家报》the world's oldest national newspaper 4、The Times 《泰晤士报》the UK's oldest daily newspaper 5、The Guardian《卫报》 a national daily newspaper which is radical 激进的in politics and interested in society and social problems. quite soft on crime and quite feminist and shows great
英美文化的一些知识
1. British personalities(P6)（星） The best-known quality of the British , and in particular of the English, is “reserve”. A reserved person is one who does not talk very much to strangers , does not show much emotion, and seldom gets excited. Closely related to English reserve is English modesty, within their hearts, the English are perhaps no less conceited than anybody else, but in their relations with others they value at least a show of modesty. The famous English sense of humor is similar. Its starting point is self deprecation, and its great enemy is conceit. Its ideal is the ability to laugh at oneself—at one’s own faults, one’s own failures and embarrassments, even at one’s own ideals. Finally, sportsmanship . Like a sense of humor, this is an English ideal which not all Englishmen live up to. It must be realized that sport in its modern form is almost entirely a British invention.(152) 2. Importance of Elizabeth Era in politics,military,international relations and culture（月） Elizabeth Era is a British golden age. In government, Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and siblings. She followed a motto “I see, and say nothing” ,which saved her from political misalliances. Elizabeth restored the status of the episcopal church. And in the first two years she released the supreme law and a single laws, regulating