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2015年职称英语真题及答案解析

2015年职称英语真题及答案解析
2015年职称英语真题及答案解析

2015年职称英语真题及答案解析

2014年职称英语考试真题、模拟题尽收其中,千名业界权威名师精心解析,精细化试题分析、完美解

一、词汇选项

1.This was disaster on a cosmic scale.

A.modest

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/6e10779819.html,mercial

C.huge

D.national

2.New secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity.

A.amazing

B.depressing

C.predictable

D.dull

3.A person’s wealth is often in inverse proportion to their happiness.

A.equal

B.certain

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/6e10779819.html,rge

D.opposite

4.His professional career spanned 16 years.

A.started

B.changed

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/6e10779819.html,sted

D.moved

5.The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later.

A.eased

B.improved

C.relieved

D.appeared

6.The group does not advocate the use of violence.

A.limit

B.support

C.regulate

D.oppose

7.She talt that she had done her good deed for the day.

A.act

B.homework

C.jusuce

D.model

8.Some of the larget bieds can remain stationary in the air for several minutes.

A.motionless

B.sitent

C.seated

D.true

9.There was an inclination to treat geography as aless imponant Subject.

A.point

B.resuit

C.finding

D.tendency

10.His stomach felt hollw with fear.

A.sincere

B.respectful

C.empty

D.ternbie

11.The committee was asked to rendcr a report on the housing situation.

A.copy

B.publish

C.summarize

D.furnish

12.That uniform makes the guards look absurd.

A.serious

B.beautiful

C.impressive

D.ridiculous

13.The department deferred the decision for six months.

A.put off

B.arrived at

C.abided by

D.protested against

14.The original experiment cannot be exactly duplicated.

A.invented

B.reproduced

C.designed

D.reported

15.The country was torn apart by strife.

A.conflict

B.poverty

C.war

D.economy

答案:CDDCD BAADC DDABA

二、阅读判断

16、The Feed Me Better campaign targeted a healthier diet at school children

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

17、Everyone believed the campaign should be succeiful

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

18、The ISER is an instute

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

19、The puoils in Gtreewwich said they said they liked the healthier meals

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

20、The nwmber of pupils who asked for sick leave decreased

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

21、The ISEK didnot do a comparative study on the impact of the new diet

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

22、The healthier diet has helped school childrecn improue academically

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

三、概括大意

Aromatherapy(芳香疗法)

1 Aromatherapy is a form of alternative medicine which is based on the use of very concentrated essential oils from the flowers,leaves,bark,branches or roots of plants which are considered to have healing ptoperties.In aromatherapy these powerful oils are mixed with other oils,such

as almond(杏仁)oil,or they are diluted(稀释)with water.These solutions(溶液剂)can be rubbed on the skin,sprayed in the air,or applied as a compress(敷药)。

2 Many people have aroatherapy massages(按摩),and depending on the treatment aperson is having,the aroatherapist will massage the oil into the hands or shoulders.The massage is smooth and flowing,as it is designed to create a sense of relaxation and calm.The sessions are tailored to the individual's health and mood at rhe time,so every session is unique.

3 Practioners of aromatherapy believe that the aroma of the essential oils directy stimulates the brain or that the oils are absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream,where they can affect the whole body and promote healing.Other claims in support of aromatherapy are that it aids digestion,imtproves the functiong of respiratory system,reduces muscular aches and pains,and promotes muscle relaxation and tone.It has also been argued that aromatherapy can improve circulation,lower blood pressure,and help combat insomia(失眠)and other stress-related disorders such as tension headaches,anxiety,and mild depression.

4 However,while aroatherapy may hace real effects that promate a sense of well-being,some tradional medicine practitioners remain doubtful about its powers.While research has confirmed that aroatherapy does have some positive short-term effects on most people,it also suggests that aroatherapy is not an actual science or medicine that should be used to treat illness.Furthermore,not all aroatherapy is considered beneficial to health.There are precautions which shoula be taken bofore having aroatherapy because some oils can have negative effets on people with certain medical conditions.The study of aroatherapy is relatively new and unexplored.More research needs to be conducted to make scientific conclusions about its use and effects.

练习:

23. Paragragh 1 (D)

24. Paragragh 2 (F)

25. Paragragh 3 (C)

26. Paragragh 4 (E)

A. Current research into aroatherapy

B. Aroatherapy and convetional medicine

C. Different views about aroatherapy

D. Introduction to aroatherapy

E. Doubts about the benefits aroatherapy

F. Personalized aroatherap massage

27. Aromatherapy is a mixture oil from parts of the plants to (E)

28. The sessions of aromatherapy massages are designed to (A)

29. Aromatherapy is believed to (C) in various ways

30. The used and benefits of aromatherapy need to (B)

A. suit different people

B. be further explored

C. help the disabled

D. be used externally

E. have healing effets

F. be promoted

四、阅读理解

A New Strategy to Overcome Breast Cancer

Post-menopausal(绝经后)women who walk for an hour a day can cut their chance of breast cancer significantly,a study has suggested. The report ,which followed 73,000 women for 17 years,found walking for at least seven hours a week lowered the risk of the disease.The American Cancer Society team said this was the first time reduced risk was specifically linked to walking. UK experts said it was more evidence that lifestyle influenced cancer risk.

A recent poll for the charity Ramblers a quarter of adults walk for no more than an hour a week,but being active is known to reduce the risk of a number of cancers.This study, published in Cancer Epidemiology,Biomarkers&Prevention,followed 73.615 women out of 97,785 aged 50-74 who had been recruited by the American Cancer Society between 1992 and 1993,so it could monitor the incidence of cancer in the group.

They were asked to complete questionnaires on their health and on how much time they were active and participating in activities such as walking,swimming and aerobics(有氧运动)and how much time

they spent sitting watching television or reading.They completed the same questionnaires at two-year intervals between 1997 and 2009.Of the women,47% said walking was their only recreational acivity.Those who walked for at least seven hours per week had a 14% lower risk of breast cancer compared to those who walked three or fewer hours per week.

Dr.Alpa Patel,a senior epidemiologist at the American Cancer Society in Atlanta,Georgia,who led the study,said:”Given that more than 60% of w omen report some daily walking,promoting walking as a healthy leisure-time activity could be an effective strategy for increasing physical activity amongst post-menopausal women.We were pleased to find that without any other recreational activity, just walking one hour a day was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer in these women.””More strenuous(紧张的)and longer activities lowered the risk even more.

Baroness Delyth Morgan, chief executive of Breast Cancer Campaign,said:”This study adds further evidence that our lifestyle choices can play a part in influencing the risk of breast cancer and even small changes incorporate into our normal day-to-day activity can make a difference.”She added:”We know that the best weapon to overcoming breast cancer is t he ability to stop it occurring in the first place. The challenge now is how we turn these findings into action and identify other sustainable lifestyle changes that will help us prevent breast cancer.”

31. All of the following factors relating to cancer risk were mentioned in the passage______EXCEPT_______

A. breathing exercise

B.regular walking

C.recreational activity

D.lifestyle choices

32. It can be inferred from Dr. Alpa Patel’s study that____.

A. women have fewer chances of physical activity

B. daily walking could cut the chance of breast cancer

C. leisure-time activity is not associated with cancer risk

D. walking is not recommended for women with breast cancer

33. Dr. Alpa Patel was_____.

A. head of the survey study

B. chief editor of Cancer Epidemiology

C. chair of the American Cancer Society

D. chief executive of Breast Cancer Campaign

34. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. Most women take walking as their only recreational activity.

B. The study aims to track the health conditions of its subjects.

C. Walking was the only recreational acitivity for about half of the women

D. Irregular walking increased the risk of breast cancer in post-menopausal women

35. The word “sustainable”in the last paragraph is closest in m eaning to

A. continuable

B. affordable

C. available

D. Persistent

答案:ABACA

First Self-contained Heart Implanted 【首例整套人工心脏移植】

A patient on the brink of death has received the world’s first self-contained artificial heart—a battery-powered device about the size of a softball that runs without the need for wires, tubes or hoses sticking out of the chest.

Two surgeons from the University of Louisville implanted the titanium and plastic pump during a sever-hour operation at Jewish Hospital Monday. The hospital s aid the patient was “awake and responsive” Tuesday and resting comfortably. It refused to release personal details.

The patient had been expected to die within a month without the operation, and doctors said they expected the artificial heart to extend the person’s life by only a month. But the device is considered a major step toward improving the patient’s quality of life.

The new pump, called AbioCor, is also a technological leap from the mechanical hearts used in the 1980s, which were attached by wires and tubes to bulky machinery outside the body. The most famous of those, the Jarvic-7, used air as a pumping device and was attached to an apparatus about the size of a washing machine.

“I think it’s potentially a major step forward in the artificial heart development,” said Dr. David Faxon, president of the American heart Association. However, he said the dream of an implantable, permanent artificial heart is not yet a reality: “This is obviously an experimental device whose long-term success has to be dem onstrated.” Only about half of the 4,200 Americans on a waiting list for donor hearts received them last year, and most of the rest died. Some doctors, including Robert Higgins, chairman of cardiology at the Medical College of Virginia in Richmond, said artificial hearts are unlikely to replace donor hears.

“A donor heart in a good transplant can last 15 to 30 years,” he said. “It’s going to be hard to replace that with a machine.”

The AbilCor has a 2-pound pumping unit, and electronic controls that adjust the pumping speed based on the body’s needs. It is powered by a small battery pack worn outside the body that transmits current through the skin.

36. 前两段告诉Self-contained artificial heart

A. was made of titanium and pump

B. had brought the patient to the brink of death

C. did not need to get power from outside the body

D. was invented by two surgeous from university of Louisville

37. 病人接收 the first self-contained heart

A. could not afford a donor heart

B. was said to be in a good condition the next day after the operation

C. died two month’s after the heart implantation

D. was reluctant to release his or her personal information

38. 第四段中the Jarvic-7 is

A. the most expensive mechanical heart

B. a mechanical heart used in the 1980s

C. as advanced as A biocor

D. replacing A biocor

39. 通过Dr. David Faxon, the self-contained heart is

A. a milestone in the artificial heart development

B. still in the experimental stage

C. an implantable, permanent artificial heart

D. unavailable to all those Americans waiting for donor hearts

40.从文章推断出donor heart

A. saved the lives of about 2100 Americans the year before the report

B. will be replaced by self-contained artificial hearts sooner or later

C. are more popular and cheaper than self-contained artificial hearts

D. can help patients survive less than 15 years if they are in good transplant.

答案:ABBBA

五、补全短文

Wrongly Convicted Man and His Accuser Tell Their Story

NEW YORK,NY, January 5,2010. St.Martin’s Press has announced the release of the paperback edition of Picking Cotton, a remarkable true story of what novelist John Grisham calls an “account of violence, rage, redemption(救赎),and, ultimately forgiveness.”

The story began in 1987, in Burlington, North Carolina, with the rape of a young while college student named Jennifer Thompson. During her ordeal, Thompson swore to herself that she would never forget the face of her rapist, a man who climbed through the window of her apartment and assaulted her brutally._During the attack, she made an effort to memorize eveery detail of his face, looking for scars, tattoos(纹身),or other identifying marks.(46)When the police asked her if she could identify the assilant(袭击者)from a book of mug shots, she picked one that she was sure was correct, and later she identified the same man in a lineup.

Based on her convincing eyewithness testimony, a 22-year-old black man named Ronald Cotton was sentenced to prison for two life terms. Cotton’s lawyer appealed the decision, and by the time of the appeals hearing, evidence had come to light suggesting that the real rapist might have been a man who looked very like Cotton, an imprisoned criminal named Bobby Poole.Another trial was held.(47)Jennifer Thompson looked at both men face to face, and once again said that Ronald Cotton was the one who raped her.

Eleven years later, DNA evidence completely exonerated(证明……清白)Cotton and just as unequivocally(明确地) convicted Poole, who confessed to the crime. Thompson was shocked and

devastated.(48) “The man I was so sure I had never seen in my life was the man who was inches from my throat, who raped me, who hurt me, who took my spirit away, who robbed me of my soul,” she wrote. “And the man I had identified so surely on so many occasions was absolutely innocent.”_Jennifer Thompson decided to meet Cotton and apologize to him personally.(49) Remarkably both were able to put this tragedy behind them, overcome the racial barrier that divided them, and write a book, which they have subtitled “Our memoir of injustice and redemption.”Nevertheless, Thompson says, she still lives “with constant pain that my pro found mistake cost him so dearly_I cannot begin to imagine what would have happened had my mistaken identification occurred in a capital case_(50)”

A. Jennifer Thompson decided to meet Cotton and apologize to him personally.

B. Many criminals are sent to prison on the basis of accurate testimony by eyewithnesses.

C. I cannot begin to imagine what would have happened had my mistaken identification occurred in a capital case

D. Another trial was held.

E. Thompson was shocked and devastated.

F. During the attack, she made an effort to memorize eveery detail of his face, looking for scars, tattoos(纹身),or other identifying marks.

答案:FDEAC

六、完型填空

More about Alzheimer's Disease

Scientists have developed skin tests that may be used in the future to identify people with Alzheimer's disease1 and may ultimately allow physicians to predict who is at risk of getting this neurological disorder.

' The only current means of diagnosing the disease in a living patient is a long and expensive series of tests that eliminate every other cause of dementia.

“ Since Alois Alzheimer described the disease nearly a century ago,people have been trying to find a way to accurately diagnose it in its early stages,” said Patricia Grady,acting director of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in Bethesda, Maryland. "This

discovery, if confirmed, could prove a big step forward in our efforts to deal with and understand the disease. ”

Alzheimer's is the single greatest cause of mental deterioration in older people, affecting between 2. 5 million and 4 million people in the United States alone. The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and the ability to function,and eventually causes death. There is currently no known treatment for the disease.

Researches discovered that the skin cells of Alzheimer' s patients have defects that interfere with their ability to regulate the flow of potassium in and out of the cells. The fact that the cell defects are present in the skin suggests that Alzheimer's resultsfrom physiological changes throughout the body,and that dementia may be the first noticeable effect of these changes as the defects affect the cells in the brain, scientists said.

The flow of potassium is especially critical in cells responsible for memory formation. The scientists also found two other defects that affect the cells' supply of calcium, another critical element.

One test developed by researches calls for growing skin cells in a laboratory culture and then testing them with an electrical detector to determine if the microscopic tunnels that govern the flow of potassium are open. Open potassium channels create a unique electrical signature.

A spokesman for the Alzheimer's Association said that if the validity of the diagnostic test can be proven it would be an important development, but cautioned that other promising tests for Alzheimer's have been disappointing.

2015职称英语综合类B级真题及答案

2015职称英语综合类B级真题及答案 第1部分词汇选项(第1-15题,每题1分,共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The organization was bold enough to face the press. A. pleased B. powerful C. brave D .sensible 2. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. A. accept B. control C. observe D. regulate 3. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A limit B. fear C. power D. fool 4. Most people find rejection hard to accept. A. excuse B. client C. destiny D. refusal 5. She's extremely competent and industrious. A. hardworking B. honest C. objective D. independent 6. The doctors did not reveal the truth to him. A. hide B .handle C. disclose D. establish 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. clear B. share C. gather D. spare 8. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. punishment C. guilt D. obligation 9. Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions. A. flexible B. terrible C. reasonable D. serious 10. These products are inferior to those we brought last year. A. poorer than B. narrower than C. larger than D. richer than 11. The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly. A. improved B. changed C. worsened D. developed 12. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building. A. coexisting B. fair C. full D .pubic 13. They're petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport. A. requesting B.planning C. preparing D. looking 14. He said some harsh words about his brother. A. unkind B. proper C. normal D. unclear 15. We were attracted by the lure of quick money. A. amount B. supply C. sum D. temp 第2部分: 阅读判断(第16-22题,每题1分,共7分) 下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A: 如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B; 如果该句的信息问中没有提及,请选择C。 Living History at Jamestown Settlement A woman in Native American clothes is sitting in the sun, sewing a dress from skin. Inside a building, a colonist is making a wooden chair, using very simple tools. And all around, tourists are taking pictures with their digital (数码的) cameras. This is Jamestown Settlement today.

2017年考研英语二真题及答案解析

2017年考研英语二真题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different,with academics,writers,and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital,and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.. A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort,one 4 by purposelessness:Without jobs to give their lives 5 ,people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression,double the rate for 7 Americans. Also,some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality,mental-health problems,and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future. But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work,a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today,the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring,degrading,unhealthy,and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher,a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway. These days,because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers,people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s w ork,I often feel 18 ,” Danaher says,adding,“In a world in which I don’t have to work,I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters. 1. [A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring 2. [A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty 3. [A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction 4. [A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured 5. [A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom 6. [A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless 7. [A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated 8. [A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute 9. [A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among 10. [A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside 11. [A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically 12. [A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles 13. [A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course

2015年10月自考英语二(00015)试题及答案(自考答案)

2015年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二) 试卷 (课程代码 00015) 本试卷共8页,满分l00分,考试时间l50分钟。 考生答题注意事项: 1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效,试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。2.第一部分为选择题。必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。3.第二部分为非选择题。必须注明大、小题号,使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。4.合理安排答题空间,超出答题区域无效。 选择题区 第一部分:阅读判断(第1~l0题,每题l分,共10分) 下面的短文后列出了l0个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果该旬提供的是正确信息,选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,选择8;如果该旬的信息文中没有提及,选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 Black Friday Everyone likes to shop for gifts for the holiday season, but few people know the history of holiday shopping. While people have heard of Black Friday; most do not know its origins. Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving (感恩节).On this day most retail stores open their doors very early一some as early as 4 am. In addition, they provide their customers with great discounts on products. With this in mind, it is clear to see why so many shoppers buy many of their Christmas gifts on Black Friday. Black Friday is not as ok! as many people think. In fact, it is believed that the first Black. Friday was held in the 1970s in the USA. It was a day when stores decided to mark the start of the holiday season In order to draw more customers, they offered great discounts. All products sold very well. This large success resulted in the name Black Friday, it was so named because the stores were "in the black". This financial term means the stoics made a lot of money. However, it was not until around 2002 that Black Friday really started to gain in popularity. Today in the USA, countless advertisers proudly announce their Black Friday sales. They hope to attract shoppers into their stores. Black Friday is a day when many shoppers in the USA go out and buy gifts, even though Christmas Eve is still a more popular day to shop. Thanks to the Internet, it is now possible to get some excellent Black Friday deals online. So if you don't want to get to the stores by 4 am, this is the perfect way to still get items at reduced prices. 1. Many people know the history of Black Friday. ? A. True B. False C. Not Given

2015年职称英语考试综合类B级试题及参考答案

2015职称英语综合类B级真题答案(词汇选项) 第1部分词汇选项(第1~15题,每题1分,共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The organization was bold enough to face the press. A. pleased B. powerful C. brave D .sensible 2. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. A. accept B. control C. observe D. regulate 3. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A limit B. fear C. power D. fool 4. Most people find rejection hard to accept. A. excuse B. client C. destiny D. refusal 5. She's extremely competent and industrious. A. hardworking B. honest C. objective D. independent 6. The doctors did not reveal the truth to him. A. hide B .handle C. disclose D. establish 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. clear B. share C. gather D. spare 8. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. punishment C. guilt D. obligation 9. Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions. A. flexible B. terrible C. reasonable D. serious

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