研究生综合英语 听力原文

National Symbols

When many people in the west think of China, the animal that they think of is the dragon. For them, the dragon is an aggressive monster that breathes fire. Many popular legends tell of how dragons killed brave knights and ate beautiful maidens.

For Chinese people however, the dragon is not an evil monster. It’s a cultural and spiritual symbol for prosperity and good luck. The dragon’s main task is to create harmony and bring rain. Dragons are celebrated in art and architecture, and of course the dragon dance is a very popular ritual. Millions of Chinese have the word “long”, meaning dragon, as part of their name s.

China isn’t the only country to have the dragon as its symbol. Wales, one of the four countries in the UK, has a red dragon proudly displayed on its flag. The only other country in the world with a dragon on its flag is Bhutan, the tiny country between China and India.

Almost all countries in the world have an animal symbol to represent their country, and it is particularly obvious during sports. The English see lions as brave, proud animals and the England football team have three lions on the front of their football shirts.

Australia is famous for kangaroos, of course. The national rugby team is more commonly known as the Wallabies, a kind of small kangaroo. Similarly, the South African team are known as the Springboks, a type of African antelope, and the New Zealanders, whether playing sports or not, are commonly known as Kiwis. A kiwi is a native New Zealand bird that can’t fly.

All countries are proud of their symbols, which they feel reflect national characteristics or the beauty and variety of their natural environments. Recently, a Shanghai professor claimed that using the dragon as a national symbol could make western countries have a negative view of China. But in an internet survey 90% of Chinese people wanted to keep the dragon, and as we are all familiar with that Chinese symbol, people in the west would no doubt want China to keep the dragon too.

Culture Shock

(Terry Joyce talks about her experience of living and working in England, where she has been for the past eleven years.)

Interviewer: So, Terry. You have been in England for quite a long time now.

Terry: Mmm.

Interviewer: What differences do you notice between England and the United States?

Terry:Obviously the biggest difference is the people. The average Englishman is…mmm…cold and not very open.

Interviewer: Oh.

Terry: In the United States it’s very different. We start conversations with people in the street, in the subway; we’re a lot more outgoing than people here. You know, when I first came, I couldn’t understand why I was getting so little reaction from people, but now I see that they thought I was overpowering and too friendly too soon.

Interviewer: But, tell me: Does the Englishman improves as you get to know him?

Terry: Oh, yes.

Interviewer: Oh, good.

Terry: Once you have made a friend, it’s a friend for life, but it takes a very long time. I’ll tell you something that I think is very important. An Englishman in America is respected. Everyone

wants to talk to him. We’re inquisitive. We love his accent and his country.But Americans in England are thought to be a little inferior because of their loud behavior and their language.

One thing I’ve learned is that English people like a certain distance. When I was talking to someone, he would move away, you know, move backwards, and I thought. “Do I smell? Am

I boring him?”The reason is, you see, Americans stand closer when they’re talking while

English people like a certain distance.

Journey to the West

What do you get when you combine a 16th century work of Chinese literature, a renowned Chinese theatre director and a British rock star?

The result is Monkey: Journey to the West, a show which blends acrobatics（杂技）, music, animation（动画片）and martial arts to tell the story of Sun Wukong and his travelling companions on their journey of redemption.

Performed in Mandarin to sell-out crowds in London’s Theatre Royal last week, the show is a stage adaptation of the famous Chinese novel Journey to the West.

“An unclassifiable extravaganza（盛事）” was how The Guardian described the show, while another reviewer said it was a performance that “left no genre untouched and whose scale of ambition could only be marveled at.”

Indeed, for director Chen Shi-zheng, bringing the wildly imaginative Chinese tale to a 21st century western audience was a creative challenge that allowed him and his team to mix together a wide range of influences.

The score was composed by British musician Damon Albarn, lead singer of Blur and co-creator of the virtual cartoon band Gorillaz. It is played by an orchestra that uses both western instruments and the traditional Chinese pipa（琵琶）, guzheng（古筝）and zhongruan（中软）.

Another aspect which makes this show stand out is the use of animation, which is projected onto a large screen behind the stage. Director Chen said “the integration of animation and sound was reall y a work of genius.”

The Monkey King, as Sun Wukong is known in English, as well as Pigsy, Sandy and a host of other characters and monsters are brought to life by 40 acrobats from the Dalian circus (马戏)troupe（剧团）.

Even though The Monkey King is less well-known outside North-East Asia, many British people fondly remember a cult 1970s TV series called Monkey.

And this isn’t the last B ritish people will be seeing of The Monkey King this summer.

Two

Financial aids awarded in the university

This is VOA special English education report.

This week in our foreign student series, we look at financial aid that comes in ships: scholarships, fellowships and assistantships.

But first we talk about financial aid of another kind: a grant, unlike a loan, does not have to be repaid.

One of our examples this week is the university of Missouri-Columbia, known as Mizzou (pronounced mah-zoo). Mizzou is a public university with more than one thousand five hundred international students this school year. The total student population is more than thirty thousand.

Mizzou has a grant program for international students. The curator’s grant-in-aid program is for those who get good grades and take part in university activities. Graduate students who receive a grant get nine free credits to take courses. Undergraduates receive between one thousand and five thousand dollars in support. Students must have attended Mizzou for a year before they can receive a grant. And thy must reapply for the awards each semester.

Some grants are called scholarships or fellowships. Scholarships are for undergraduates; fellowships are for graduate students. Awards may be based on financial need or on grades, talents or other requirements. The Global Heritage Scholarship at Mizzou, for example, is only for international undergraduates whose mother or father graduated from there. The scholarship pays seven thousand five hundred dollars a year for tuition. Full tuition is currently almost nineteen thousand dollars. Tuition is about the same at another public university, the University of Arizona in Tucson. It offers an undergraduate scholarship for international students who earned high marks in high school. The program is open to all foreign students who have been admitted to the university. Winners receive between two thousand and ten thousand dollars a year to help pay tuition.

Seventy international students are currently receiving the scholarship. The University of Arizona has more than two thousand international students this academic year. The school had close to forty thousand students during the fall term.

Assistantships are jobs paid with money or free classes. Graduate assistants help professors for about twenty hours a week. They may teach undergraduates, graduate papers and tests, and assist with research.

And that’s the VOA special English education report, written by Nancy Steinbach. The earlier reports in our Foreign Student series are at https://www.wendangku.net/doc/6711787814.html,. I’m Steve Ember.

CNN hero of the year: Liz McCartney

Anderson cooper interviews Liz McCartney, who was named CNN hero of the year for her work with Katrina victims.

A: CNN hero of the year is Liz McCartney. Do you feel like a hero?

L: No, I mean I’m not surrounded by amazing people every single day, Anderson. Peopl e who are really, really strong and amazingly hardworking, so I don’t, I mean I think this award is again, really attributed to everyone’s efforts.

A: What do you think people in St. Bernard Parish are gonna think when they, when they see this and hear that you won?

L: Well, I, I hope they are honored, you know, this award is really about them and their families and communities and getting them back to where they were before the storm. When you are in an area where people have suffered so much loss, you rea lize what’s really important and what’s really important is family, and homes and communities.

A: Do you think this is reminder to a lot of folks those of, that there is still a lot of work that needs to be done there?

L: I surely hope so; I hope the message is loud and clear, that while we are making a lot of progress thanks to all the help that we’ve received, there is still a long way to go. What I like to do tonight is to delicate this award to everybody in the New Orleans area that was affected by this storm.

A: What is it being like being her on this night, I mean, you have celebrities, you know talking about you and this crowd and your picture being taken, is it surreal?

L: It’s totally weird, you know, I mean I am used to, like, walking around in jeans and T-shirts.

A: All of our heroes got 25,000 dollars, you are the CNN hero the year of the award, there’s an additional 100,000 dollars. Do you know what you plan to do with the money?

L: Oh, absolutely, we are rebuilding another ten families’ h omes, with that money, yeah, so

it’s going to right back into community.

Intention/Intent

Gareth Rees answers:

Hello Babak. Thank you for your question about intent and intention. Both words are nouns that come from the verb intend, which means to have something in mind as a plan or purpose.

In terms of meaning, there is little difference between these two nouns. They both mean a plan, or purpose, to do something. However, there is a difference in the way we use the words. Intent is used in more formal situations, such as in legal contexts, whereas intention is used in a wide range of situations; it is a more everyday word. Also, in grammatical terms, intent is an uncountable noun and intention is a countable noun. So, for example, in a newspaper report about a court case you might read he was carrying a gun with intent to commit a bank robbery. Whereas, in a conversation with a friend, someone might say I went to the bank with the intention of opening a bank account, but I forgot to ta ke my passport, so I couldn’t even do that.

There is one other important difference. Intent is also an adjective, but intention is only a noun. If you are intent on doing something, you are determined to do something. For example, she was intent on becoming an actress, as she went to drama school even though it was against her parents’ wishes.

So, my intention was to answer your question, and I hope, Babak, that I’ve managed to that.

Three

Freshers’ Week

Freshers’ Week at universities can be a nerve-wracking experience.

The UK has a well-respected higher education system and some of the top universities and research institutions in the world. But to those who are new to it all, it can be overwhelming and sometimes confusing.

October is usually the busiest month in the academic calendar. Universities have something called Freshers’ Week for their newcomers. It’s a great opportunity to make new friends, join lots of clubs and settle into university life.

However, having just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind, the prospect of meeting lots of strangers in big halls can be nerve-wracking. Where do you start? Who should you make friends with? Which clubs should you join?

Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same boat as you worrying about starting their university social life on the right foot. So just take it all in slowly. Don’t rush into anything that you’ll regret for the next three years.

Here are some top tips from past students on how to survive Freshers’Week:

●Blend in. Make sure you are aware of British social etiquette. Have a few

wine glasses and snacks handy for your housemates and friends.

●Be hospitable. Sometimes cups of tea or even slices of toast can give you a

head start in making friends.

●Be sociable. The more active you are, the more likely you’ll be to meet new

people than if you’re someone who never leaves their room.

●Bring a doorstop. Keep your door open when you’re in and that sends

positive messages to your neighbors that you’re friendly.

So with a bit of clever planning and motivation, Freshers’Week can give you a

great start to your university life and soon you’ll be passing on your wisdom to next year’s new recruits.

A Dialogue between a Teacher and a Student

Dr Richardson: Enter, please.

David Simons: Good afternoon, Dr Richardson.

Dr Richardson: Good afternoon. You’re David Simons, is that right?

David Simons: Yes. I’ve an appointment to talk about the course requirements with you.

Dr Richardson:Fine. Now why don’t you take a seat over there and I’ll just get some details from you. First, can I have your home address and your student number?

David Simons: That’s 15 Market Avenue, Hornsby and my student number is C97H85.

Dr Richardson: OK. Now I see here that you’ve already completed 18 credit points, but that you haven’t done the Screen Studies course which is normally a prerequisite for this course. Why is that, David?

David Simons:Oh, the course coordinator gave me an exemption because I’ve worked for a couple of years in the movie and television business and they considered my practical experience fulfilled the same requirements.

Dr Richardson: Fine. Shall we go over the course requirements first, and then you can bring up any queries or problems you might have. It might be most useful to start with a few dates. The final examination will be in the last week of June, that’s the week of the 23rd. but the final date hasn’t been set. It should be the 25th or the 20th, but you don’t have to worry about that yet. Before that, as you can see in your study guide, there are three essay assignments and some set exercises. I’ll deal with these first. These set exercises are concerned with defining concepts and key terms. They do have fixed answers not in the wording but in the content. To that extent they are quite mechanical, and provide an opportunity for you to do very well as long as your answers are very specific and clear.

David Simons: Yes, I see there are about twenty terms here. How long should the answers be?

Dr Richarson: You shouldn’t exceed 250 words for each term.

David Simons: Right. That looks easy enough. And the third assignment seems fairly straightforward too. Just a journalistic type review of a recent development in television. It’s not so different from what I’ve done in my work.

Dr Richarson: Yes, it should be fairly easy for you, but don’t exceed 1,000 words on that one. Essays 1 and 2 are the long ones. The first essay should be about 2,000 words and the second 2,500 to 3,000, and the approach for both should be analytical. In the first one, your focus should be on TV and the audience, and you should primarily consider the theoretical issues, particularly in relation to trying to understand audience studies. In the second, I’ll want you to focus on analyzing television programs.

David Simons: Should I concentrate on one particular type of program for that?

Dr Richarson: Not necessarily. But you must be careful not to overextend yourself here. A comparison between two programs or even between two channels is fine, or a focus on one type of program, such as a particular series, works well here. David Simons:So if I wanted to look at television news programs, that would be OK?

Dr Richarson: Yes, there would be no problem with that. In fact it’s quite a popular choice, and most students handle it very well.

David Simons: Good. I’ll probably do that, because it’s the area I want to work in later.

Campus Facilities

Hi, I am your counselor for this year. Today we will visit the facilities available to you on our campus. As students, you should take advantage of everything you have available to you.

How many of you like sports? Well, I hope most of you do, because our school has great sports facilities. We have an indoor gym with state of the art equipment. First I want to tell you about our basketball facilities. There are 2 basketball courts, both are full court and open for student use. We offer basketball leagues that all students are invited to join, just sign up with a team. Usually there are games on the courts, but during the league time, only the teams are allowed to use the courts. The basketball courts are open 24 hours a day. If you want a job, you can be a referee at the games.

Next, I want to tell you about the tennis facilities. We have 5 tennis courts available for student use. The tennis courts are open everyday 8 am until 10 in the evening. You should call ahead to reserve a court, because they are very popular and can often be booked weeks in advance. There are rackets and balls available for rent at the front desk of the courts.

There is an Olympic size swimming pool that is open for students and the general public. There are also showers and locker rooms available. The swimming pool is open everyday 9 am until 7 in the evening. There are openings for the position of lifeguards, so if you are looking for a job in the sun, this might be good for you.

There are also 2 weight rooms and a gymnastics room. The weight rooms have all the standard equipment available. Please check with the gym to see the open hours, because they vary from time to time. The gymnastics room is usually not open for individual users because there are almost always classes held in the room. However, if you are interested, you may sign up for gymnastics classes. Plus if you like martial arts and boxing, we offer classes for everyone, from beginners to advanced students. Please check the schedule for availability. There is everything available from Chinese Wushu to Brazilian wrestling.

I will talk for a brief moment about our library system. Our campus has 3 libraries available to undergraduate students, one additional graduate library, and one faculty library. The libraries are open daily until midnight, except for during testing periods, when the libraries will be open 24 hours. Please look on a map to see where the libraries are located. All students with a valid ID can check out books, with a

maximum of 10 books at a time. Books can be checked out for a 2 weeks period, and then renewed for a one month maximum. After that, there is a 1$ fine per week that the book is overdue. I will repeat that…There is a hefty one dollar fine per week! So it is a good idea to return books on time. If you lose a book, then you will have to repay the library for it, plus a fine. If you damage a book, most likely you will have to repay the value of the book. So please, enjoy the library facilities, but take care of the school’s belongings. The library is also equipped with 200 computers for student use. They are all internet ready and available for use. You must sign up at the library for 1 hour timeslots. You may sign up for up to 3 consecutive slots at a time. No one can use the computers without first signing in at the library.

That is it for now. Thank you for your attention.

Four

Homecoming Scene

Roommate:Why are there so many people in the hall today? I bet even the youngest of them gotta(be going to) be over 60.

May: They are schoolmates of our university. There is a reunion of our university. Roommate: Look, May, the man in grey suit looks like the mayor of our city.

May: That’s him. He graduated from our university. And there are also other important people here: scientists, researchers, engineers, managers, etc.

Roommate: Really? I hear that the statue besides our school gate is donated by them.

May: Yes, I know that. They have given lots of money to our university.

Roommate: Why?

May: They graduated from this university and have become very successful people. And they feel very grateful to their university.

Roommate: I feel more grateful to my teachers than to my school.

May: You are lucky to have good teachers in a good school.

Roommate: Year, maybe I would come back with my boyfriend to this school when we are old.

After all, it’s the place where we first met each other.

May: Look at those three couples; they must have been classmates in our university. Roommate: How do you know that?

May: Because they come back together and only the graduates of this university are invited. Roommate: You are right. But what are we here for?

May: We will serve them tea and snacks. Come on, we must work now.

Oscar Night

Reporter: It was a political night from the very start and that suited host Jon Stewart just fine. Jon Stewart:I do have some sad news to report, eh, Bjork cou ldn’t be here tonight. She was trying on her Oscar dress and Dick Cheney shot her.

Reporter: George Clooney continued the theme and accepted the first award of the night for Best Supporting Actor. He answered criticism that liberal Hollywood is out of touch with America. George Clooney: This academy, this group of people, gave Hattie McDaniel an Oscar in 1939, when blacks were still sitting in the backs of the theaters. I am proud to be a part of this academy.

Reporter: A very pregnant Rachel Weisz took home the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress. She thanked John le Carre for writing The Constant Gardener.

Rachel Weisz: He really paid tribute to, to the people who are willing to risk their own lives to fight injustice.

Reporter: The Penguins took the documentary prize. Robert Altman was honored and a rap song won the Oscar for Best Song.

Jon Stewart: By the way, for those of you who are keeping score at home, I just wanna (want to) make something very clear, Martin Scorsese: zero Oscars. Three Six Mafia: one. Reporter: One Oscar too for Best Actor Philip Seymour Hoffman.

Philip Seymour Hoffman: Be proud, Mom. I am proud of you, and we are here tonight. It’s so good. Thank you.

Reporter: Reese Witherspoon was proud to take home the Oscar for Best Actress.

Reese Witherspoon:I don’t know what this means, you know, I am jus t trying to matter and live

a good life.

Reporter: As expected, Ang Lee was awarded with an Oscar for Best Director for Brokeback Mountain.

Ang Lee: “Wow, I wish I know how to quit you. Hah...”

Reporter: In an ending worthy of Hollywood, the Oscar for Best Picture went to Crash. John Stewart will also likely be considered an Oscar winner. In a serious year he made Hollywood laugh at itself.

Karl Debol. ABC News, Hollywood.

Sports Fans, US Businesses Await “Sup er Bowl Sunday”

“Super Bowl Sunday” is virtually a holiday in the United States. Not an official holiday, of course, but many activities around the country will come to a halt when American-style football’s championship contest begins in southern Florida.

This year the Super Bowl pits the Indianapolis Colts against the Chicago Bears. Over the past 40 years, the game has become an important part of the American sports calendar ... a time to get together with friends and neighbors ... and a big shopping event.

Millions of Americans—more than ever before, according to a recent poll—will be watching the big game in restaurants or bars, or hosting Super Bowl parties. And well over a million consumers are buying home entertainment centers, and other accessories to enhance their viewing of the big game.

It all adds up to a huge payday: the National Retail Federation says nearly 9 billion dollars will be spent on Super Bowl-related purchases.

The Super Bowl is no longer an exclusively American event. Last year, an estimated one billion people around the world tuned in to watch the game.

Taking advantage of cutting-edge technology, this year’s Sup er Bowl will be broadcast in HD—high-definition—format TV.

Chuck Sanders, a manager at Best Buy, a big electronics store in Washington explains, “HD is generally a higher-definition signal versus a standard signal. Basically, you’ll get a brighter, sharper picture than you would with a standard picture coming in the house.”

And the best way to get the full effect of HD broadcasts is to watch them on high definition television sets—the bigger, the better, and preferably a flat-screen model.

Salesmen like Abbey Giewa, at a Microcenter electronics store in the Washington suburbs, are expecting a big rise in HDTV sales,“Absolutely, because right now, (the shoppers are saying,) I want to share that experience with my family and friends. I want to have that big-screen TV,” he

explains. “I want to be the one to host the Super Bowl party.”

Sanders adds, “It’s an opportunity for everyone to entertain. So there are more people coming in looking for TVs versus any other time of the year.”

Since the 1960s when the Super Bowl began, the game also has become a media event, featuring new commercials and a lavish half-time show with top names in entertainment.

So even if the football match turns out to be a dud, television viewers—especially those with HDTV equipment—can still enjoy the other attractions that make this Sunday really super.

Five

Job Interview

Interviewer: What made you decide on this type of occupation?

Applicant: Oh, to tell you the truth, I love the sky. When I was a child, I imagined flying into the blue sky some day. Now, I think the day has come. My dream will come true. And I like travelling very much and I enjoy working with people.

Interviewer: Can you make yourself understood in English without too much difficulty? Applicant: Yes, I think I am quite fluent in English. I got the certificate of the Secondary English Training last month.

Interviewer: Do you know what the responsibilities are for a stewardess?

Applicant: The main responsibility of the stewardess is to make the passengers relaxed and happy during the flight. And good service is also important.

Interviewer: Are you in good health?

Applicant: I just had a complete physical examination and I am in top condition.

Interviewer: Have you had any nursing experience?

Applicant: Yes, I have two years of nursing experience, and now I am working as a nurse in a hospital.

Interviewer: How tall are you? What about your eyesight?

Applicant:My height is one meter and sixty-eight centimeters. I’ve never had any vision problems.

Interviewer: What would you say are your strengths and weaknesses?

Applicant: One of my strengths is my friendliness and open-minded attitude and also I think I have a warm personality. But sometimes, I find it is hard to tell others when I don’t like what they are doing.

Interviewer:If a passenger can’t understand wh at you say, what should you do?

Applicant:I’ll try to speak in another language or I’ll try my best to use gestures and draw pictures.

Job Hunting

Kelly: So, have you found a job yet?

Josh: No, but, I have a few leads, so things are looking up.

Kelly:But isn’t that what you always say?

Josh: Well . . . uh . . . this time is different.

Kelly: What are you looking for this time then?

Josh: Actually, I want to work for a web hosting company.

Kelly: What would you do there?

Josh: Well, in a nut shell, you know web hosting companies provide space for people to store and run their Websites. Does it sound like I know what I’m talking about?

Kelly: Oh, yeah, sort of.

Josh: Well, and then, sort of? Well, they allow people to run the websites without having to buy and maintain their own servers, and I’d like to work in tech nical support, you know, helping customers resolve computer-related problems with their sites. And you know I’m a good communicator.

Kelly:So, how’s the pay for that kind of job?

Josh: Well, most people I know start out with a very reasonable salary; you can earn pay increases depending on your performance.

Kelly: So, what about benefits?

Josh:Oh, the benefits are pretty good. They provide health insurance, two weeks (of) paid vacation a year, and opportunities for advancement. And in the end, I’d like to work in a management position. You know, sitting back, enjoying the view out of the twentieth-story window of the office building. Something like that.

Kelly: Well, is there long-term security in a job like that?

Josh:Uhh. That’s hard to tell. I mean, the Inter net is booming, and these kinds of companies are sprouting up everywhere, which is a good thing, but just like the dot-com era（网络泡沫时代）, you never know how long things will last.

Kelly: Well, have you ever thought about going back to school to improve your job skills? Josh: Wait, wait. What are you suggesting?

Kelly: Well, you know, more training might help you land a better job.

Josh: Wh . . . wh . . . Are you trying to say something about my current job? I mean, is there something going on here? I mean, what are you saying?

Kelly: You know, you did drop out of college.

Josh:I know, I know, but I don’t know. I’m just seeing my current job at McDonalds as a startup.

[McDonalds!]. Yeah, but, you know, I don’t have the resources to go back to school at the moment, however, the job I am looking at will pay for some classes after I have been with the company for six months.

Kelly: Well, it looks like you have things planned out this time.

Josh: If I last that long.

Google: the Best Company to Work For

A little more than a decade ago, Google was an internet startup headquartered in a garage. Today it’s the world’s largest search engine, with 50 offices globally and more than 12,000 employees. For the second straight year, it’s also No.1 on Fortune’s Best Companies to Work For list. What’s fueling this growth? Employees say it’s the flexibility, financial security of cours e, and the o pportunity to get things done. “Right now, we are standing in front of just one part of our large 1.6 megawatt solar installation. These are the solar panels that are providing clean electricity to our buildings.”Robyn Beavers has been leading the green business and operations strategy team since 2005. “We have a lot of offices, we have a lot of employees, give electricity, and it just seems like a responsible thing to do to first show that our corporation can make a positive impact on the environment, but also we can do in a way that makes sense to our bottom line.” Keeping Google green hasn’t always been part of her job description. “When I first tarried at Google, I was

one of the assistants to the two co-founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin. I started in May, 2004, which is right before the IPO of Google. A really interesting thing about Google is that, it always encourages some employees to try new things. I went to Larry and Sergey and proposed that we form a green strategy group. And although I was their current direct report and it would have been inconvenient to lose me. Their INFOL support actually helps me found this team within Googl e.”

“This session is really just a brainstorming session…”Mobility within departments is not uncommon. In part because of a 20 percent time initiative, allowing employees to spend one day a week on a project of their choice. “I talked to a lot of people of Google, and they found that once they started here and you learn so much about the company and there are so many opportunities, they are encouraged to seize them. So it’s easy to start in one job, work really hard at it for a couple of years, and then fi nd a new opportunity to pursue.”

Six

Taking a Reservation over the Phone

Leo: Plaza Hotel, good morning. Leo speaking.

Mona:Ah yes, I’d like to book two rooms for myself and my father. Could you tell

me the cost of a single room per

night?

Leo:Certainly. A single room is 120 dollars American, per night.

Mona: Fine.

Leo: And when would you like the rooms? Mona:From the 25th to the 28th of September.

Leo: Arriving on the 25th of September and leaving on the 28th? Three nights?

Mona:That’s right.

Leo: Just a minute please.

(Sound of tapping on computer keyboard) Yes, we have rooms available then. You require two single rooms?

Mona: Yes, thank you.

Leo: Can I have your name please?

Mona: My name is Mona White.

Leo: And your father’s name, Ms White? Mona: Jack Webber.

Leo: Could you spell the surname please? Mona: Sure. W-E-double B-E-R.

Leo: Double P for Papa? Mona: No, double B for Bravo.

Leo: And how will you be paying for your room, Ms White?

Mona: By credit card.

Leo: Both rooms on the same card?

Mona: Yes.

Leo: Your card number please?

Mona: 4434 1234 5678 9902

Leo: Double one, zero two?

Mona: No, double nine zero two.

Leo: 4434 1234 5678 9902?

Mona:That’s right.

Leo: And the expiry date?

Mona:Eleven, …

(Phone crackle obscures date)

Leo: Could you repeat that please?

Mona: November this year.

Leo: Thank you. I’ve booked two rooms for Ms White and Mr. Webber from

Wednesday the

25th to Saturday the 28th of September. Mona: Thank you.

Leo: You’re welcome. We’ll see you on the 25th, Ms White.

Mona: Thanks a lot. Goodbye.

Leo: Goodbye.

Dining

Waiter: Hello, my name’s John. I’ll be your waiter this evening. Can I get you anything from the bar for starters?

Derek: No, thanks. What we really need is a booster chair for our daughter. Do you have one?

Waiter: Yes, of course. The hostess should have brought you one. Just a moment.

Waiter: Our special tonight is Duck Chambord, which is roast duck served in a raspberry sauce with fresh raspb erries. It’s also served with wild rice and a medley of vegetables. That is

17.95 and it comes with soup or salad.

Sandy: What is your soup of the day?

Waiter: Our soup of the day is French onion.

Sandy: The duck sounds good. One of us should have it.

Derek: Alright, you order the duck.

Sandy: Fine.

Derek: She will have the duck, and I will have the filet mignon.

Waiter: How would you like your filet mignon, sir? Rare, medium rare, or well-done?

Derek: Medium rare.

Waiter: And would you like soup or salad with your meals?

Sandy: I want salad.

Derek:I’ll have the soup. French onion, yes?

Waiter:Yes, that’s right. It’s very good. I recommend it.

Sandy: Our daughter will share some of our meal with us. Could you bring an extra plate for her? Waiter: Of co urse, Ma’am. I will also bring your sourdough bread in just a moment.

Sandy: Our bread?

Waiter: Yes, we serve it at all tables.

Sandy: Good. Thank you.

The Longest Suspension Bridge in the World

Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbor in 1524 and named it Angou lême. He described it as “a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the mids t of which flowed a great river”. Though V errazano is by no means considered to be a greatest explorer, his name will probably remain immortal, for on November 21st, 1964, the longest suspension bridge in the world was named after him.

The Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Amman, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island. It has a span of 4,260 feet. The bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer. Two great towers support four huge cables. The towers are built on immense underwater platforms made of steel and concrete. The platforms extend to a depth of over 100 feet under the sea. These alone took sixteen months to build. Above the surface of the water, the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet. They support the cables from which the bridge has been suspended. Each of the four cables contains 26,108 lengths of wire. It has been estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its total capacity. However, size and strength are not the only important things about this bridge. Despite its immensity, it is both simple and e legant, fulfilling its designer’s dream to c reate “an enormous object drawn as faint ly as possible”.

Seven

Mid-Autumn Festival

On 25th September this year, people all over China will be getting together to eat with their families, look at the moon and celebrate one of the biggest festivals in the Chinese lunar calendar. However, the celebrations stretch far beyond the borders of China.Here in the UK events are

taking place for Chinese people living here, and to teach the people of Britain more about this popular festival.

The Soho Theatre in London conducted a study which showed that Chi nese Londoners don’t engage much with the arts world. As a result, Moon Walking in China has been created to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival.

This is no normal theatre production though, as it doesn’t take place in the theatre. Theatre professionals and volunteers from the local community will take audiences around the streets of Soho on a magical lantern-lit walk through the landmarks and backstreets of Chinatown.

They tell the story of three generations of Chinese Londoners who all cross paths one night in Chinatown. Rabbits, karaoke and a woman who lives on the moon all feature prominently.

It’s the Soho Theatre’s first site-specific production and looks to be a unique way of marking the famous Chinese festival.

And the celebrations don’t stop there! In early October the British Museum is actually opening late for a special free Mid-Autumn Festival event. There will be Chinese musical performances, a guess-the-mooncake-flavour game and you can learn how to perform a fan dance.

You can also try your hand at a variety of other traditional Chinese arts and crafts, as well as learning Mandarin and learning more about the history of China.

The Chinese population in the UK is quite large, so no doubt there will be events happening not only in the capital, but all around the country.

However you are celebrating, we hope you have fun. Happy mid-Autumn festival from everyone at BBC Learning English!

Thanksgiving: Filled with Family Traditions and Food

VOICE ONE:

Welcome to THIS IS AMERICA in VOA Special English. I’m Barber Cline.

VOICE TWO:

And I’m Steve Ember. Our subject this week is what the writer O. Henry called the one day that is purely American—Thanksgiving.

(MUSIC)

VOICE ONE:

This Thursday is Thanksgiving Day. This is the 143rd official observance of the holiday. But the tradition is much older. Thanksgiving is an autumn harvest festival like those found in many cultures.

Today the holiday is a time of family reunions, parades and watching football games on television. And, oh yes, food. For millions of Americans, Thanksgiving is a day spent cooking, eating and talking.

VOICE TWO:

Thanksgiving is what the social scientists call a civil holiday. It is not religious but it does have spiritual meaning. For some families, Thanksgiving may be the only time of year when everyone gets together. The government says the Sunday after Thanksgiving is the busiest day of the year for long-distance travel as people return from gatherings.

(MUSIC)

VOICE ONE:

Now we come to the part of the holiday that Thanksgiving memories are often made of -- the big Thanksgiving Day meal. Some families serve ham. Others serve a meatless dinner. But the traditional main dish is turkey. Most people cook the bird in an oven; some prepare the turkey other ways, like fried in oil.

Turkey on Thanksgiving is usually served with a bread mixture inside. Some Americans call it stuffing; others call it dressing.Popular side dishes on Thanksgiving include cranberries, sweet potatoes and green beans. Then for a rich, sweet dessert there is often pumpkin pie or pecan pie. Many Thanksgiving tables also are heavy with other dishes, often brought by guests. And if the guests eat all that is served, they too will feel heavy.

Some people like fruit soup, green salads and baked potatoes with their turkey. Others like baked squash, creamed onions, creamed spinach and corn pudding. Many people eat more at Thanksgiving than any other time of the year.

VOICE TWO:

For people who do not have much food or a home to go to at Thanksgiving, charity groups play an important part. To help the needy, religious and service organizations across the country serve special Thanksgiving meals.

“Summer Work/Travel” Brings Many Students to US

This is the VOA Special English Education Report.

This week, we answer a question from a student in Odessa, Ukraine. Marushka wants to know about a program that lets foreign students work in the United States during their summer vacations.

The program is called Summer Work/Travel. The State Department administers it for full-time college or university students who speak English well.

Students come on a J—1 exchange visa. They can work for up to four months during their school break. They generally work in service jobs in stores, resorts, hotels, restaurants and amusement parks. But summer internships are also permitted.

“Summer”in this case means s ummer in the student’s country. Those from south of the equator come to the United States during the northern winter.

Students cannot work as housekeepers in private homes or be involved in patient care. And they are supposed to be paid the same as Americans.

Congress created this popular program under a nineteen sixty-one law, the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act. Last year, one hundred fifty thousand students came to the United States this way.

Students can do the Summer Work/Travel program more than once.

Sally Lawrence heads the State Department office responsible for the program. She says students should begin to gather information a year before they want to travel.

More than fifty organizations are approved to act as sponsors. Sally Lawrence advises students to avoid unapproved groups offering services, and to research a few different sponsors.

Sponsors must confirm the English language ability of students and make sure they are currently in school. But sponsors do not all charge the same price for their services.

Another difference: some sponsors arrange employment and housing for students before they leave home. Others permit students to find their own jobs after they arrive.

Sally Lawrence says the first thing to do is to find the list of sponsors on the Web page for J

visa exchange programs.

The address is a little long, but here it is: https://www.wendangku.net/doc/6711787814.html,/education/jexchanges. Click on Designated Sponsor List, then choose Summer Work/Travel under Category Description. For more information about the program, go to the main page and click on Private Sector Programs.

To make it easier, we’ll post a link at https://www.wendangku.net/doc/6711787814.html,. And that’s the VOA Special English Education Report, written by Nancy Steinbach. I’m Steve Ember.

硕士英语综合教程1课文翻译及课后答案

硕士英语综合教程1 （参考答案）硕士英语综合教程1 （参考答案） Unit 1 单选 (1) receiver (2) unfamiliar (3) extreme (4) worsen (5) unsteady (6) destruction (7) relieve (8) with the help of (9) death (10) in the future 完型 (1) embraced(2) sped up(3) running out(4) urgency(5) initiative (6) specific(7) designated(8) contribute(9) incorporate(10) hampering (11) reward(12) involved(13) adverse(14) adaptive(15) vulnerability (16) alternative(17) context(18) due to(19) compensation(20) scheduled 翻译 (1) Bending under the weight of the packs, sweating, they climbed steadily in the pine forest that covered the mountainside. (2) Concentrating on time passing, as we do when bored, will trigger brain activity which will make it seem as though the clock is ticking more slowly. (4) As social practice continues to develop, we should keep renewing our ideas and make innovations courageously in light of practical needs. (5) Bicycles are regarded as an economical alternative to buses whose fares have increased 3 times in the past few years. (6) The U.S. government has called on people to save water because the scarcity of water has become a source of global tension ecologically, economically and politically. (7) In order to be a recognized leader in the industry, it’s essential for a company to improve production quality and tap the overseas market through the help of state of the art technologies and equipment. Unit 2 单选 (1)reduce (2)noticeable (3)compensation (4)perfect (5)carry out (6)useless (7)strengthen (8)simplity (9)wealthy (10)cultivate 翻译 (1) Aliens in China shall abide by Chinese law and no behaviors will endanger the national security of China , harm its public interests or disturb its public order. (3) When learning any foreign language, one has to learn, first and foremost, its new phonological and grammar systems, which means acquiring a totally unfamiliar set of language learning habits. (4) Financial experts suggest that to the women under 30, the income of this phase in general is the lowest. (5) China will increase dialogue and co operation with the United States and the international community to crack down on all forms of terrorist activities. (6) Now it is time to make a well organized schedule from the list, so you need to put first and urgent things first and set the high priorities. (8) In addition, advertisers appeal to the desire for health and prestige, to the desire to be in style, to pride, and to envy and jealousy. 目前,在我国人均国内生产总值突破1000美元。一些国家和地区的发展历程表明,当一个国家的国内生产总值达到1000美元到3000美元时,这个国家的经济发展就进入了一个关键阶段。在这个阶段,都市化程度加快,收入差距继续加大,社会矛盾变得更加复杂。在国际范围内,不断增长的劳动力成本降低了劳动市场的竞争性。在这个阶段,如果应对合理,经济会平稳发展;否则,极有可能引发社会动荡,造成社会资源浪费,破坏生态环境,导致经济衰退。建设和谐社会的目的就是协调不同部门之间的关系,确保经济快速、可持

研究生英语综合教程(课后习题答案)

Unit One Task 1 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B Task 2 1.public(c) 2.discipline(b) 3.strength(a) 4.reference(a) 5.strength(d) 6.public(a) 7.demonstrated(b) 8.discipline(c) 9.references(c) 10.personality(a) 11.discipllining(d) 12.demonstrates(a) 13.public(d) 14.reference(b) 15.personality(c) Task 3 1.employment 2.paid 3.adjust 4.setting 5.discouraged 6.credit 7.cite 8.demonstrate 9.teamwork 10.rules Unit Two Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C Task 2 1. bud (n.); budding (adj.) 2. access (n.); access (v.) 3. taste (n.);tasted (v.) 4. fool (n.); fooling (v.) 5. produces (v.); produce (n.) 6. garnish (v.); garnishes (n.) 7. reigns (v.); reign (n.) 8. concern (n.); concerned (v.) 9. named (v.); name (n.) 10. practiced (v.); practice (n.) Task 3 1) integration 2) choice 3) handed 4) aspiring 5) steaming 6) masterpieces 7) pleasure 8) partake 9) amazing 10) presented Unit Three Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A Task 2 1. stack up against 2. struck a chord 3. amounted to 4. chopping off 5. appeal to 6. pick up on 7. turned out 8. fade away 9. brought together 10. pulled off 11. thrust upon 12. be kept clear of Task 3 1) swirling 2) delivered 3) glowed 4) intervals 5) converge 6) wanderings 7) navigate 8) jealousy 9) presence 10) absorbed Unit Four Task 1 1.A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C Task 2 1. maintained (a) 2. romantic (a)

研究生英语综合教程课文翻译

Unit One 核心员工的特征 大卫? G. xx 1 核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。 在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说，“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人：其他公司经理不想失去的员工。我们只招募核心员工。” 2 这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。然而，每家公司也从新人中招人。他们要寻找的是完全一样的xx。“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。假如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把。” 只是这样有 点儿冒险。 3“这是一种有根据的猜测，”我的人事经理客户说。作为未来的一名员工，你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险，你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。 4 特征1：无私的合作者 职业顾问和化学家约翰?xx最早提出了这个特征。关于这个特征，人们已经写了大量的文章。它之所以值得被反复谈及，是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。“这里需要合作，” xx说，“企业的环境并不需要单打独斗，争强好胜，所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。在企业环境中，没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。” 5 许多xx 和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色，并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。你可以xx提高在公司的吸引力：为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。这个方法，加上你在描述业绩时开明地使用代词“我们”，而不是“我”，能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变 成“合作者”。更为有利的是，要在你实验室内部，以及在和你们实验室合作的人们之间，培养一个良好声誉：一个鼓励并发动合作的人——还要保证让那些会接听调查电话的人们谈及你的这个品质。 6 特征2：紧迫感

研究生综合英语1 课后答案 Unit1-3

Unit One An Image or a Mirage III. Vocabulary A. 1.unassuming 2. stemmed from 3. infallible 4. had taken to 5. prospect 6. flabby 7. More often than not 8.devious 9. tipped the scales in her favor 10. rapport B.1.instinctual 2.immediate 3. deposit 4. frail 5. seedy 6. magnetic 7. extroverted 8. book 9. unwarranted 10. refined C. 1. D 2.C 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. C 7. C 8.B 9. D 10.B IV. Cloze 1.which 2. run 3. concerned 4. familiar 5. evident 6. even 7.what 8.Consequently 9 knowing 10.By 11. one 12. how 13. Once 14. obtainable 15. yourself 16. mind 17. from 18. never 19. pays 20. considered V. Translation 从更大的范围上讲，选民们往往仅因为某个政客的外表整洁清秀而对他做出有利的反应。他的对手则因为没有生就一副令人信任的外表而常常遭到否定的评价。这种判断是错误的，其后果可能是灾难性的。就算许多选民投一位候选人的票完全是出于政治原因，但本不该当选的人，如果他有整洁清秀的形象，就会使他在势均力敌的选举中占有优势。 我们常常根据一个人的表达能力而做出轻率的判断。再回到政治这一话题上来，许多选民仅仅根据候选人公开演讲的方式就对他的能力做出判断。然而，一个候选人可能非常善于演说，但并不一定能胜任他所竞选的职位。我认识许多才能杰出的人物，他们只是没有培养自己在公开场合演讲的能力，但在与别人一对一的交流中却表现极为出色。这种能充分表达自己见解的能力，固然十分重要，但我们对于那些让人感觉善于辞令的人，往往产生错误的印象，因为很多情况下这种优点仅仅只是“表面现象”。不难想象，一位外表整洁清秀、讲话娓娓动听的政治家会轻而易举地战胜一位不事张扬但更为合格的对手。他之所以取胜仅仅是因为他的形象令人信服。 If you want a winning image with others, your first concern must be a winning self-image. The individual who has a losing self-image will never be able to project a winning image to others. He

研究生英语综合教程上部分课后题答案及翻译(修订版)

Unite 1 P15 1.Your job as a future employee is to help the hiring manager mitigate/alleviate(减轻，降低) that risk.作为一个未来的员工,你的工作是帮助招聘经理降低风险。 2.You need help them identify(认定，认同) you as prospective/expected(预期的，未来的) “key player”.你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。 3.Kelly was outstanding and outshone/surpassed(优于,超过) every other player on the field.凯利非常出色，胜过了球场上所有其他球员。 4.Better still,develop a reputation inside your lab and with people your lab collaborates with as a person who fosters and initiates/originates(发动，创建) collaborations.更为有利的是，要在你实验室内部，以及在和你们实验室合作的人之间，培养一个良好的声誉：一个鼓励并发动合作的人。 5.He is a former scientist who transitioned/transferred(转变，改变) to industry many years ago and then on to a senior management position.他之前是一名科学家，许多年前他转向了企业，并一直做到高级经理的职位。 6.The unions mobilized/organized(组织) thousands of workers in a protest(抗议，游行) against the cuts.协合会组织了一场数以千计的工人游行来抗议裁员。 7.This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions/beliefs(信念). act on ones convictions 按某人的想法行事。 这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己想法行事的人们提出了要求。 8.His speech was made with such great ambiguity/vagueness(不清楚) that neither supporter nor opponent(反对者) could be certain of his true position.他的演讲有许多疑点，既没有支持者也没有反对者来肯定他的立场。 9.The scientist who is transitioning into the business world must prioritize(优先处理) his or her relationship assets/advantages(资源，优势) above their technical assets.想转行到企业界的科学家们必须优先考虑他们的社会关系资源而不是技术资源。 10.This approach, combined with a liberal(开明的) use of the pronoun “we” and not just ”I”when describing your accomplishments(业绩), can change the company’s perception/impression(看法，印象) of you from a lone wolf to a selfless collaborator.这个方法，加上你在描述业绩是开明的使用代词“我们”而不是“我”，能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”。 11.I’m trying to foster/encourage(培养，鼓励) an interest in classical music in my children.我尝试着培养孩子在古典音乐上的兴趣。 12.A German company collaborated/cooperated(合作)with a Swiss firm(公司) to develop the product.一个德国公司和一个瑞士公司合作开发的产品。 P17 The independence-versus-interdependence issue has been written about regularly and is often introduced as the major issue separating the two worlds of scientific employment：academic and industrial. For decades, academia has paid lip service to the idea of collaboration, but the incentive-and-reward system has been slow to adjust . Despite the widespread interest in collaboration and its obvious value in an academic setting , collaboration remains informal and is actually discourage by the tenure process, in which scholars are penalized for sharing credit for their work with others.

研究生英语综合教程课文翻译

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