方位介词初中英语

表示位置的介词有：at, in, by, near, between, under

表示方向的介词有： to, into, out, out of, across, along, through

1 at表示在某地点，强调在某个位置点例：I met her at the school gate this morning. 我今天早上在校门口遇见了她。at也用于街道号码前例：She lives at 78 Nanjing Road. 她住在南京路78号。She lives on Nanjing Road. 她住在南京路。（街道前无号码时用on）She lives in Queen Street. 她住在女王街。（住在某大街用in）

2 in表示“在某区域内，在一个空间的内部，在……里面”

例：She was born in Nanjing. 她生于南

京。提示:两个地名连用时，小的用at，大的用in.例：He arrived at London in England last week. 他上周到达英国伦敦。They will meet at Washington in America. 他们将在美国华盛顿会面。

3 on表示“在……上”，并与之相接触

例：He put the dictionary on the desk. 他把词典放在桌子上。

比较英国英语和美国英语的不同介词用法：在路上 on the road （美）in the road （英）在街上 on the street （美）in the street （英）在周末 on the weekend （美）at the weekend （英）在这个队 on the team （美）in the team （英）

4 under和below表示“在……的正下方”，指垂直上下。below表示“低于某物”，只表示位置低于，但不是在正下方。例：There is a chair under the table. 桌子下面有一把椅子。（垂直）He saw many hills and rivers below the plane. 他看见飞机的下方有许多小山和河流。

5 over和under 表示“在……垂直的上方”，与under相对；above表示“在……的上方”，指高于某物，但不是正上方，与below相对。例： He is holding an umbrella over his head. 他撑着一把伞遮头。An airplane flew above the clouds. 一架飞机在云端上面飞行。（云层的上面）

6 between，between 表示“在……之间”，一般用于两者之间.例：He sat between Jack and Lily. 他坐在杰克和莉莉中间。I'm usually free between Tuesday and Friday. 我通常星期二至星期五有空。

7 among表示“在……中间”，一般用于三者或三者以上之间例：She took a seat among the children. 她在孩子们中间坐了下来。提示强调三者以上每两两这间也要用between 例： There are some differences between the three of them. 他们三者之间有一些差别。

8 behind和in front of, behind 表示“在……后面”，in front of表示“在……前面，在……前部”，两者均表示静态的位置.例：There is an apple tree behind the house. 房子后面有一棵苹果树。There is a garden in front of my window. 我的窗前有一个花园。He could hardly see the road in front of him. 他几乎看不见前面的路。

9 After和before表示“在……后面”，表示动态的位置，也表示次序；before表示“在……前面”，可表示动态或静态的位置。例：Spring comes after winter. 冬去春来。The policed are after him. 警察在追捕他。He sat before me. 他坐在我前面。She got to the office before others. 她比别人先到办公室。

10 by, beside, by和beside均表示“在……旁边”，常可换用

例： The hotel is beside (/by) the river. 那家饭店在河

边。 Come and sit beside (/by) me. 过来，坐在我边上。

11 near和next to，near表示“在……附近”，表示的距离比by和beside稍远些，也时常换用.例：There is a theatre near his home. 他家附近有一家剧院。next to表示“紧靠……的旁边”

例：The new building next to the bookstore is a cinema. 书店旁边的那幢新楼是一家电影院。

12 in, into和out of

in表示“在……内”，常指静态

例：There are six pencils in the box. 盒子里有６支铅笔。

into表示“进入”，指由外到内，指动态，常同walk, run, fly, go, come等连用

例： He jumped into the river. 他跳进了河里。

out of表示“从……里面向外”，指动态，反义词是into,例：She looked out of the window. 她向窗外望去。The man rushed out of the room. 那人冲出了房间。

13 on和 onto

on表示“在……上”，指在表面上

例：There is a lamp on the table. 桌上有一盏灯。

onto表示“到……上面”，常同移动意义的动词连用，如：jump, climb, lift等

例：The boy jumped onto the floor. 这男孩跳到地板上。

14 from表示“距离，分离”，指离开某个点

例：The town is not far from my home. 那座小城离我家不远。

15 off表示“和……分离，自……下来”；指脱离一个面或一条线

例：He was thrown off the horse. 他从马背上摔下来。

The old man suddenly fell off the bike. 那位老人突然从自行车上摔了下来。

16 across表示“横过”，指横穿过一平面和一条线

例：He walked across the road carefully. 他小心地过马路。

17 through 表示“穿过”，指从某个空间或地区内穿过，从这端进入从那端出来

例：The path goes through the forest. 这条小路穿过森林。

He left through the back door.他从后门离开的。

18 to表示“到……目的地”，强调到达目的地

例：She took the children to an animal park. 她把孩子们带到一个动物园。

19 towards表示“向……方向”，指方向，不包含到达目的地的概念

例：He was walking towards the hospital when I met him. 我遇到他时，他正向医院那边

走。例：John drove towards Shanghai. 约翰开车往上海方向去。

John drove to Shanghai.约翰开车去了上海。

20 for表示“向……，往……”，常同leave, start, set out等连用

例：They started for the top of the mountain early in the morning. 他们一大早就朝山顶出发。We shall set out for Africa soon. 我们不久将出发去非洲。

21 round和 around表示“周围”。例：The students stood round(/around) the teacher. 学生们站在老师周围。He traveled around(/round) the world. 他周游了世界。

22 about表示“各处，到处”，指范围较模糊的“附近”例：He is walking about the town. 他在城里到处走走。

23 along表示“沿着，顺着”例：They had a long walk along the river. 他们沿着河走了很长的路。

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