英语模块四作业
培养跨文化意识
跨文化意识的培养，是我们外语教学的一个重要组成部分。我们学习外语就是为了交际，可是两种完全不同的语言怎样才能进行沟通呢，我们必须对对方的文化背景有一定的了解，培养跨文化意识就显得尤为重要。
我们在教学中经常遇到这样的问题，学生习惯把中国式的思考方法转移到英语表达中去，或是把中国文化与西方文化等同起来。比如说篮子的形状，按我们的语言习惯，应该是basket shape，但是正确的说法应该是the shape 0f a basket，诸如此类的例子在我们的教学过程中比比皆是。因此，我们必须采取一些办法，培养学生的跨文化意识，增强学生的跨文化交际能力。
第一，教师必须告诉学生一些相关的文化内容。因为客观条件的限制，我们的学生对外国的文化几乎是不了解的，这就要求我们老师平常要多看一些这方面的书籍，学生学到什么地方，老师就要把相应的文化内容降到什么地方。比如说red在我们汉语中意味着喜庆吉祥，象征幸福昌盛，而在国外文化中它则象征着暴力血腥；the apple of one's eye也不是字面的意思，不是眼睛的苹果，而是掌上明珠的意思；a piece of cake也不是一块蛋糕的意思，而是小菜一碟，形容事情很容易很简单，等等。这些如果老师不特别指出讲解的话，学生们不可能知道的。
第二，老师一定要给学生们实践练习的机会。比如，老师可以根据所学的内容让学生改编对话，这样学生需要自己动脑来考虑，不接可以锻炼自己造句的能力，而且还能把文化差异的因素考虑进去，提高自己对文化差异的敏感性。比如说，别人夸你漂亮，按照我们的文化应该是很谦虚的说“不如你漂亮啊”，“你过奖了啊”之类的词，可是在英语中这样回答就不行了，人家夸你，你应该礼貌地说“Thank you”。还有，对于已经成年的女性，我们不能问她的年龄，这事很不礼貌的。这样的差异还很多，我们如果能够好好练习一下，就可以很清楚了。
此外，还有的专家介绍有比较法，文化讲座法，展示法等等。
任何一门语言都包含了丰富的文化内涵，而不同的文化总是呈现出不同的特点，不懂得文化的模式和准则就不可能真正地学习语言，不掌握文化背景就不能教好语言。语言的教学是不可能在真空中进行的，语言的学习也必须以文化的学习为依托。因此，跨文化意识的培养至关重要。
高一英语必修3 unit 3 导学案
Learning about language & Using language （第四课时） 学习目标： 1.语言目标Language aims: 1）重点词汇和短语 Envelope, unbelivable, steak, pineapple. dessert, amount, take a cjhance, rude, manner, scream, genuine, rag, in rags, indeed, as for, bow, barber 2. 能力目标Ability aims: 1) Enable students to read and hear natural language in a dramatic context 2) Retell the scene using the key words of the whole scene. 3. 情感目标Emotional aims: 了解《百万英镑》及其作者马克·吐温的时代背景，提高学生的文学修养和培养学生的跨文化意识. 重点key points: 1. Develop students’ reading ability. 2. Enable students to learn to the new words and expressions.. 难点important points: (1)了解《百万英镑》及其作者马克·吐温的时代背景，提高学生的文学修养和培养学生的跨文 化意识； (2) 学习语言交际中委婉请求、请求允许和点餐的表达法； I.I’m afraid it’ll cost a large amount of money. 总量，总额，总计，总数(A级) What is the amount of the bill. a large amountof 表示“大量的”修饰___________名词，作主语时，谓语动词用______数（A级）There is a large amount of work for us to do A large amount of money was spent on the library.. good/large amounts of 表示“大量的”修饰___________名词，作主语时，谓语动词用______数（B 级） large amounts of money were spent on the bridge. 1.完成这项工程需要花费我们大量的时间和金钱。 It will take us_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ ________ _______ to finish the work. 2.Although a large ____ of money was used and a ___ of doctors and nurses lost their lives in the fighting against SARS, we were able to win the battle in the end. A.number ; amount B.amount; number C.amount; amount D.number, number II.W ell, we’ll have to take a cahnce. take a chance 碰运气，冒险 Why not go ahead and _______ ______ ________ 为什么不继续干下去，碰碰运气呢？ III.in a rude manner 以粗鲁的方式，态度粗鲁地 1.rude adj. 粗鲁的，无礼的 (1)be rude to sb 对某人粗鲁，对某人无礼 Don’t be so rude ____ your parents. 不要对父母这么无礼。 (2)It is rude (of sb) to do sth （某人）做某事是粗鲁的 It is rude to keep people waiting. It is rude____ her _____ go without telling us. 她像我们打声招呼就走了，这是非常无礼的。 2.manner “方式，方法，举止，态度”，常用____数 Why are you talking in such a strange manner? 你为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话 I don’t like his manner, it’s very rude. 我不喜欢他的举止，很粗鲁 “礼貌，礼仪，规矩，习俗”常用____数 Mind your table manners at the dinner party. 在宴会上要注意餐桌礼仪 It’s good manners to do sth 有礼貌做…；做..是有礼貌的 It’s bad manners to do sth 没有礼貌做…; 做…是有礼貌的 ____ ____ _____ _____ talk with when you are eating. 吃东西的时候说话时不礼貌的。 Do you think it is ___ good manners to hear other s’ conversation in ___ curious manner? A.the; a B. /;/ C. /;a D. the; the IV.But he’s in rags. in rags 穿着破烂的衣服，衣衫褴褛 Never look down upon those in rags. Do you know the old man ____ ____ 你认识那个衣衫褴褛的老人吗？ V.Indeed,sir, I hope you’ll come here and whenever you like. indeed adv. 事实上，实际上，其实 I don’t mind. Indeed. I am delighted to help. 我不在乎，其实我很乐意帮忙 （1）whenever = no matter when 引导让步状语从句，意思是“不论什么时候，在任何时候”（A级）Y ou can ask for help whenever you need it. 你如果需要帮助，随时可以提出来 I will discuss it with you whenever you like. 你愿意什么时候我就什么时候和你商量这件事
英语高一模块一知识点
牛津高中英语模块一语言点 Unit 1 School life 一、Reading 1. be happy with / be satisfied with / be content with: 对……满意 Are you happy with you present situation? 2. The school starts around 9 a.m. and ends about 3:30 p.m.. 学校上午大约9点上课，下午3:30结束。 3. earn sb sth: 为某人赢得…… Make / earn a living: 谋生 ① His honesty earned him much respect. ② It is wrong to earn a living by gambling. 靠赌博为生是错误的。 4. respect (1) n. ①尊重，尊敬 have respect for sth: 尊重…… treat sb with respect: 尊重…… Old people should be treated with more respect. ②重视，考虑 show respect for sth: 考虑…… You should show respect for others’ feelings when communicating with others. ③方面 in all respects: 在各方面 with respect to sth: 就……而言，关于 With respect to your enquiry, I enclose an explanatory leaflet. 关于你的询问，兹附上有关说明资料。 ⑵vt. 尊敬，重视，考虑，遵守 Respect the law / your proposal 【例题】Mr. Brown is a _____ old man and all his neighbors are ____ to him. A. respectful; respectable B. respectable; respective C. respectable; respectful D. respective; respectable 答案为C。 【注意】respective，respectful，respectable，respected的区别 ⑴这四个单词看上去都是respect的衍生词，其实respective不是，因此跟它没有关系，意思是“分别 的，各自的”，后面常常加名词的复数形式，如： We all went back to our respective homes after playing. 游戏之后我们都回了各自的家中。 ⑵其他三个单词都是respect的衍生词，但意义不同。respectful表示主动含义，意思是“对……恭敬 的，尊敬的”。如： The workers are respectful to me. 工人们对我很尊敬。 ⑶respectable表示被动含义，意思是“可敬的”。如： He is a respectable teacher. 他是一位可敬的教师。 ⑷respected仍是表示被动，过去分词作定语表示被动多用于修饰人，它与respectable的区别在于 respectable表示受人尊敬的可能性，但未必被respected。如： Our respected Chairman Mao is immortal. 我们敬爱的毛主席永垂不朽。（众所周知，毛主席是被大家所爱戴的。）
(完整版)全新版大学英语第二版综合教程4课后答案全
Unit 1 lexf Organization
II. More Synonyms in Context 1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium. 2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off. 3)1 spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words. 4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.
- 90 - Appendix I III. Usage 1)But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health. 2)A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew anything about it. 3)It's said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work 1)Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get burned, especially if you fall asleep. 4)In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early. 5)Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes. ■ Structure 1. 1) To his great delight, Dr. Deng discovered two genes in wild rice that can increase the yield by 30 percent. 2)To her great relief, her daughter had left the building before it collapsed. 3)To our disappointment, our women's team lost out to the North Koreans. 4)We think, much to our regret, that we will not be able to visit you during the coming Christmas. 2. 1) These birds nest in the vast swamps (which lie to the) east of the Nile. 2)By 1948, the People's Liberation Army had gained control of the vast areas north of the Yangtze River. 3)Michelle was born in a small village in the north of France, but came to live in the United States at the age of four. ■ 4) The Columbia River rises in western Canada and continues/runs through the United States for about 1,900 kilometers west of the Rocky Mountains. Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A) 1. invasion 3. Conquest 5. launching 7. campaign 9. reckon with 2. s tand in the way 4. c atching... off his guard 6. d eclaration 8. d rag on 10. b ringing...to a
川大《大学英语(四)》第二次网上作业答案
首页- 我的作业列表- 《大学英语（四）》第二次网上作业答案 你的得分：97.5 完成日期：2014年02月27日16点38分 说明：每道小题括号里的答案是您最高分那次所选的答案，标准答案将在本次作业结束(即2014年03月13日)后显示在题目旁边。 一、单项选择题。本大题共30个小题，每小题 2.5 分，共75.0分。在每小题给出的选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 1.— I wish you success in your career. — _______ ( D ) A.You are welcome. B.You think so. C.Yes, please. D.The same to you. 2.— Let's go to the library this afternoon. — _______ ( D ) A.Yes, that's right. B.No. I can't. C.What about you? D.That's a good idea. 3.— Madam, do all the buses go downtown? — _________ ( D ) A.Wow, you got the idea. B.No, never mind. C.Pretty well, I guess. D.Sorry, I'm new here. 4.— Are you feeling better today, Jack? — _______ ( C ) A.There must be something wrong. B.Just have a good rest. C.Yes, thank you, doctor. But I still don't feel good. D.Don't worry about me.
高中英语必修四知识点总结
欢迎使用，祝您学有所成。 第一单元 1）achieve 表示“完成，到达”。 区别achieve，reach，gain： achieve着重表示达到一定目的的过程中所需要的技能，耐性和努力。 reach指达到任何目标、目的或指达到发展过程中的某个阶段。 gain强调经过奋斗才达到所期望的目标、优势或者有利地位。 2）condition 表示“条件”，condition为单数时，表示人/物所处的“状态”。 conditions（复数）指一般情况，环境。 in good/poor condition状况好/不好。 out of condition状况不好。 on condition that在……条件下，假使。 on no condition决不。 3）connection 表示“连接，关系”。 connections亲戚。 in connection with与……有关。 4）behave 表示“举止，举动，行为表现”。 behave oneself表现良好，行为良好。 behave as起……作用，表现为……。 5）worthwhile 表示“值得做的，值得出力的”。 句型It is worhtwhile doing/to do sth“干……是值得的”。 6）observe 表示“观察，注意”，可接省略to的不定式的复合结构，当observe用被动语态时，其后的不定式应回复to。 observe后也可接由现在分词构成的复合结构。 后接that从句，表示“注意到，说”。 observe还可以表示“遵守，庆祝”。 7）respect 作动词，后直接跟宾语。 respect oneself自重，自尊。 作名词，表示“尊重，尊敬”。have/show respect for意为“对……尊重/尊敬”。 have respect to注意，考虑。 表示“敬意，问候”时，用复数形式，常与give，send，pay连用。 in respect of sth就某方面而言。 with respect to 涉及，关于。 8）argue 表示“争论，辩论”。
牛津高中英语课文翻译模块三
Appendix I: Translation Unit 1 Reading 雾 比尔·洛 浓雾警报 那天早晨波莉离家时，整个城市已笼罩在灰色的薄雾中。午餐时分，收音机预报说，薄雾将会在下午变成浓雾。下午四点，波莉下了班，步入了浓雾中。她不知道公交车是否还会照常运行。 没有到国王大街的巴士 一走到街上，她就快步向平常乘车的公交车站走去。 “您要坐多远”巴士售票员收下她的车费前问道。 “国王大街。”波莉答道。 “对不起，小姐，”售票员回答说，“现实情况是雾太浓了，公交车跑不了那么远。乘地铁到格林公园吧。那里的天气可能好一点，您也许能叫到一辆出租车。” 高个子男人 当波莉打量地铁车厢里的乘客时，她感到她正被一个穿着黑色大衣的高个子男人注视着。地铁终于到达了格林公园站。当其他乘客走出车厢时，她扫视了一下她周围的一张张面孔。那个高个子男人不见了。 脚步声 当波莉到达车站入口处时，那里空无一人。外面，她目光所及之处，雾像浓密的灰云一样聚积着。什么人也看不见。波莉朝着公园大街走去。当她沿着狭窄的街道行走时，她听到了由远及近的脚步声，但当她走到街道拐角处时，脚步声却消失了，突然，波莉感到有一只粗糙的手拂过她的脸颊'并且她还听到了一个男人在她耳边说“对不起”的声音。那个男人走开了。她能感到她的心脏因害怕而怦怦地直跳。 热心的陌生人 然后，她又听到了那种声音——在她身后响起的轻柔的脚步声。一分钟前，她曾希望有人跟着来。现在她则想跑开，可恐惧让她挪不动脚步。脚步声这会儿似乎很近了。接着，一个男人的声音从黑暗中传来：“有人吗” 波莉犹豫了。最终她还是回答道：“你好，我想我是迷路了。” 几秒钟后，一只手伸过来抓住了她的胳膊。波莉抬头看去，发现是一位长着络腮胡子的老人。 “也许我能帮你。你想去哪条路”他问道。 “我住在国王大街86号，”波莉答道。 “只要拉着我的手就成，”老人说，“跟着我走，不会有事的。”他拉住波莉的手。“小心这里的台阶。” 老人的另一只手里攥着一根手杖。波莉能听见它敲击台阶的声音。“我还记得几次糟糕的大雾，不过那可能都是在你出生之前的事了。我看不见你的脸，但你听起来挺年轻。你多大了” “刚20岁，”波莉答道。 “啊，20岁，多好的年纪啊。我也年轻过。现在我们到了十字路口了。这里向左转。” “我是彻底迷路了。您肯定你认识路吗”波莉又开始感到害怕了。 “当然肯定，你真的不用担心。”老人将她的手握得更紧了。 感恩的帮助者 “我们到了。国王大街。”老人停住了脚步。 “非常感谢您帮忙，”波莉如释重负地说道，“您愿意进屋休息会儿么” “你真客气，”老人说道，“不过我还是得走了，可能今天还会有更多人迷路，我想帮帮他们。你瞧，像今天这么大的雾是很少见的。这给了我一个机会，来回报晴天时人们给我的帮助。像我这样的盲人没人
高一英语模块一测试38777
高一英语模块一测试 一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1． ________it is to jump into a river on a hot summer day! A．What fun B．How fun C．What a fun D．How a fun 2．How ________ the music sounds to me ! A．relaxed B．relaxing C．relaxingly D．relaxedly 3．We hope that you’ll arrive here ________. A．as faster as possible B．as soon as you can C．as sooner as possible D．more faster as you can 4．Don’t you think you’ve spent too much time ________ playing computer games Why not spend more time _____ something useful A．in ;on B．in; in C．on; in D．on; on 5．Kate found his house too small to ________. A. live in B. live C．be lived D. be lived in 6．Upon________ the news, he jumped with joy . A. he heard B. heard C．he was hearing D. hearing 7．I _______ that the job has been filled. A．regret to say B．regret saying C．regret to have said D．regret having said 8．Your plan means ___ more money，so I mean _______ it . A．to lose; changing B．losing; to change C．losing; changing D．to lose; to change 9．Is _____possible ____us to master a foreign language without much memory work A．it; of B．that; of C．that; for D．it; for 10．Although I worked a whole day, I was not ________ tired. . A．a bit B．a little C．a bit of D．a little of 11．Rather than _______ homework, she prefers_____ TV . A．to do; to watch B．do; to watch C. doing; to watch D. do; watching 12. _______you look at the painting, _____________ you’ll like it . A．The long; the much B．The longer; the more C．longer; more D．Long; much 13. Was this museum _______ you visited last week
新视野大学英语第四册课后答案
Unit 1 III. 1. idle 2. justify 3. discount 4. distinct 5. minute 6.accused 7. object 8. contaminate 9. sustain 10. worship IV. 1. accusing... of 2. end up 3. came upon 4. at her worst 5. pay for 6. run a risk of 7. participate in 8. other than 9. object to/objected 10. at best V 1. K 2. G 3. C 4. E 5. N 6.O 7.I 8. L 9. A 10. D Collocation VI. 1. delay 2. pain 3. hardship 4. suffering 5. fever 6. defeat 7. poverty 8. treatment 9. noise 10. agony Word building VII. 1. justify 2. glorify 3. exemplifies 4. classified 5. purified 6. intensify 7. identify 8. terrified VIII. 1. bravery 2. jewelry 3. delivery 4. machinery 5. robbery 6. nursery 7. scenery 8. discovery Sentence Structure IX. 1. other than for funerals and weddings 2. other than to live an independent life 3. other than that they appealed to his eye . . ` 4. but other than that, he'll eat just about everything . 5. other than that it's somewhere in the town center X. 1. shouldn't have been to the cinema last night 2. would have; told him the answer 3. they needn't have gone at all 4. must have had too much work to do 5. might have been injured seriously Translation XI. - 1. The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed. 2. Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day. 3.Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best. 4.We remain tree to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do; we would do it. 5.Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world. The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.
unit6新标准大学英语-视听说-综合教程-网上作业-答案
Part I: Vocabulary and Structure Section A: Complete each sentence using the correct word or expression from the box. comparable illusion combination addicted acceptable objective endurance cooperate favourable demonstrate princess crucial intention payment item retail global claim fashion estimate 1. Sandra spent the weekend shopping at the outlets. Your answer Correct answer retail 2. My parents thought it for me to have a credit card until I was 19. Your answer Correct answer acceptable 3. I don't have a(n) impression of that shop because the salesgirl was very rude to me when I was in there last. Your answer Correct answer favourable 4. "What form of would you like to use?" Your answer Correct answer payment 5. When I go shopping with my wife, I have no about who is in control. Your answer Correct answer illusion 6. I that about 30 per cent of my salary is spent on new shoes. Your answer Correct answer estimate 7. You need a lot of go shopping with Sue; she likes to shop from dawn to dusk!
高一英语必修四模块测试题
高一英语必修四模块测试题 班级_____________ 姓名______________ 学号___________ I.单词拼写：（10分） 1.This company is more concerned with quality than with ________(数量). 2.He was the outstanding political _______(人物) of his time. 3.The _________(受害者) of the explosion were buried last week. 4.____________ (农业) plays a very important part in the world. 5.Scientists have made a major _____________(突破) in the treatment of cancer. II.单项选择题:(共20小题, 共计30分) 6. The news ____ the two women reporters were set free made everyone happy. A. what B. that C. if D. why 7. I have no idea ____ they will pass the final exam. A. that B. when C. whether D. why 8. It’s no use ______ with her. A. argue B. to argue C. arguing D. argued 9. Either you or one of your students ____ to attend the meeting that is due to tomorrow. A. are B. is C. have D. be 10.Our meeting room is ______ theirs. A. three times as bigger as B. bigger than three times C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of 11.Word came that the famous film star Zhou Jielun was to ____ a new film. A. star in B. star C. be starred D. starring in 12.In fact most people in that area are _____ than they were 5 years ago because of years of wars. A. poorer off B. worse off C. better of D. richer of 13. If you don’t pay your gas bill, the gas will soon be____ . A. cut down B. cut up C. cut out D. cut off 14. Three score and eight is _____ . A. 68 B. 58 C. 38 D. 48 15. Although there were so many people in the square. I could ___ my friend. A. pick up B. pick out C. make up D. pick away 16. The heavy rain finally stopped,______ a lot of damage to the city. A. caused B. to have caused C. causes D. having caused 17. Everyone here, including kids, _____ their attention on the matter. A. focus B. focuses C. to focus D. focusing 18. I must apologize for _____ ahead of time. ----- That’s all right. A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not you know 19.________ the most important thing in your life? A. Do you think what is B. What do you think is
(完整版)牛津高中英语模块三词汇表
牛津高中英语模块三词汇表 Unit1 1hearing听觉，听力 2raised凸起的dot小圆点 3confuse使糊涂，使迷惑 4vase花瓶 5fog雾 6mist薄雾；水汽 7forecast预测，预报 8conductor售票员；(乐队)指挥 9fare车费 10foggy有雾的，雾茫茫的 11observe观察；注意到 12overcoat长大衣 13glance瞥一眼，匆匆看 14nowhere无处，到处都不 15footstep脚步（声） 16wherever无论哪里 17in sight看得见，在视力范围之内 18narrow狭窄的 19approach靠近，接近；着手处理 20wish for盼望，企盼 21darkness黑暗 22hesitate犹豫，迟疑不决 23reach out伸出（手） 24grasp抓紧，抓牢 25stare凝视，盯着看 26beard胡须，络腮胡子 27watch out for留心，密切注意 28crossroads十字路口 29anxious焦虑，忧虑 30firmly牢牢地，坚定地 31grateful感激的，表示感激的 32helper帮助者 33aid帮助 34relief轻松，宽慰 35lorry卡车 36pavement（马路边的）人行道 37reduce减少 38volunteer志愿者 39sniff（吸着气）嗅，闻 40analyse分析 41recognize认识，辨认出
42puzzle谜，疑问 43ignore忽视；对……不予理会 44pole地极；柱子，棍 45the North Pole北极 46boot靴子sweat流汗 47distance距离；远处 48thunder雷，雷声 49lightning闪电 50triangle三角形；三角形物体 51wave波浪；挥手；摆动 52overhead在头上方 53tap轻拍，轻敲 54suit适合，满足需要 55attach使连在一起，在……附在……上56disability缺陷；伤残 57hopeful抱有希望的 58whisper小声说；私下说 59bite咬 60shark鲨鱼 61jaw颌 62contrary相反的，相反的事实或情况63flesh（动物或人的）肉 64jewellery珠宝 65attract吸引 66calm镇静的，觉着的 67panic惊慌，恐慌 68fist拳头 69likely可能的 70soldier士兵 71roll卷起来；（使）滚动 72roll up卷起来 73loose松动的，松开的 74employ使用；雇佣 75compass罗盘；指南针 76unlike不像；与……不同 Unit2 1)be made up of由……组成（构成） 2)vocabulary词汇 3)nowadays现在，如今 4)mainland大陆 5)occupy占领；占用 6)consist组成，构成 7)consist of由……组成（构成） 8)mixture混合，混合体
新标准大学英语4课后答案
我认为，选修第二专业并不适合每一位本科生。我大学本科主修英语专业，大一时就开始辅修经济学了。无疑，我是班里最用功的学生。我竭尽全力想同时达到两个不同专业的要求，但还是有不及格的时候。因为经济学需要良好的数学基础，我不得不花大量时间钻研数学，因而忽略了英语学习。 If you ask me, taking a second major isn’t good for every undergraduate. In my freshman year as an English major, I took economics as my minor. By all odds, I was the most hardworking student in my class. But try as I might to meet the requirements of the two different subjects, I still couldn’t do well enough to pass all the exams. Given that the study of economics required a good command of mathematics, I had to spend so much time on math that I neglected my English major. 第二学期,《英国文学》及《宏观经济学》两门课不及格给我敲响了警钟，这可是我一生中第一次考试不及格，这大大打击了我的自信心。虽然我不是一个容易向命运低头的人，在暑假结束的时候，我还是决定放弃经济学，以免两个专业都难以完成。当我只需修一个专业的时候，一切似乎又回到了正轨。 Failing English Literature and Macroeconomics in the second semester sounded the alarm for me. Thiswas the first time I did not pass a course in my life, which had greatly sapped my confidence. Although I was not a man who would easily bow to fate, as the summer break came to a close, I decided to give up economics for fear that I would fail in both subjects. Now that I had only one subject to attend to, everything seemed to be on the right track again. 一个人的穿着似乎能影响他的行为方式。譬如，在校内要穿校服是中小学生所必须严格遵守的规矩之一。倘若在学生着装整齐划一和行为的统一规范之间不存在一种象征性关联的话，校服便不可能如此盛行。 What you wear seems to dictate the kind of person you are supposed to be. Take primary school and high school students for example. One of the hard and fast rules they have to observe is that they must wear uniforms at school. There is no doubt that school uniforms would not have achieved their currency without a symbolic correlation between the uniformity of clothes and the students’ conformity to some common code of conduct. 然而，多年的学校生活让学生在内心里对随处可见的校服产生了抵触情绪，校服毕竟压制了个性的表达。为了弥补这种损失，学生常常会在周末穿流行的休闲装。直到上了大学，他们才会享受真正的着装自由，而服装上的无序与大学培养创造力、鼓励自由表达思想及展露才华密切相关。可惜这样的好景不会太长，经过一段相对短暂的自由之后，他们在毕业工作之后将再次经历着装规范的压力。 However, after years of school life, there is always a backlash secretly n ursed in the students’ mind against the ubiquitous uniform which suppresses the expression of individuality. To compensate for this loss, students try to hunt for more casual and popular clothes and wear them on weekends. It is not until they start university, however, that they can really enjoy the freedom of dress, an anarchy associated with the cultivation of creativity and the encouragement of the free expression of ideas and talents. But this situation won’t obtain for long. After a relatively short time of liberty, they may experience again the revived pressure of dress code as soon as they become professionals. 谈及目前经济萧条所带来的影响，学生活动的减少就是一个很好的例证。为了活跃校园生活，大学愿意划拨一部分资金来资助学生社团活动，但由于今年学校的预算大幅减少，对社团的资助也相应缩减了不少。显然，学生社团要恢复以前的活力就必须想办法克服自身的经济困难。有人主张招募更多会员，因为会员费的增加可以帮助他们度过难关。 When it comes to the effects of the current economic downturn, the decrease of student activities is a good case in point. To enliven campus life, the university is always willing to carve out money for activities organized by student clubs and societies, but such sponsorships have been pared down this year because of huge budget cut. Apparently, student organizations need to weather their own financial crisis if they want to recover from their current state of inactiveness. Some suggest enrolling more club members, on the ground that the consequent increase of membership fees may help them get out of the difficulty. 当然，如果有更多的会员交年费，而且缩减一些日常开支，我们还是能省下一些钱来组织活动的。但是，问题的关键在于社团活动的费用与参加活动的人数是成正比的，因此这种方法恐怕不太可行。要推进社团活动，同时又不使经费超支，我们必须群策群力，拿出别的筹钱方法，而不是仅仅依赖学校拨款和会员费。 No doubt, if we have more members paying the annual fee, and if we cut back on our daily expenses, we can spare some money for organizing activities. But the bottom line is that the expenses of these activities are in proportion to the number of participants. I’m afraid this won’t be of much help. To boost student activities and to avoid going into the red, we still need to pool our ideas and come up with some other ways of raising money, in lieu of relying only on university grants and membership fees. 2. 新的国家博物馆建成之后，一些市民和建筑师对于在一群极其美丽精巧的古建筑中建造一座现代建筑感到愤怒。其高昂的维护费用和古怪的形状也引发了大量的批评。显然，许多人对在这个古城中涌现