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外研版八年级上英语知识点总结

动词词组

write down 写下，记下make a mistake=make mistakes犯错误,

help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助别人help sb. (to )do sth.帮助某人做某事with one's help=with the help of sb.在某人的帮助help oneself to sth.请自用食物remember to do sth.记得要做某事，未做事remember doing sth.记得做过某事forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事give you some advice给你一些建议follow /take one's advice采用别人的建议send for派人去请/取send up发射

enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun, 玩得愉快

spend : sb. spend some time on sth.某人花费时间做某事

sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间做某事

Sb. spend some money on sth. 某人花费钱买某物

Sb. spend some money (in) buying sth.某人花费钱买某物

Cost: sth. cost sb. some money 某物花去某人钱

pay: sb. pay some money for sth. 某人支付钱

ask for 请求，要ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事place sth.in =put sth. in 把某物放在…里面

take a deep breath深呼吸catch\hold one's breath屏住呼吸out of breath上气不接下气

invite sb.to do sth. 邀请某人做某事find+ it+ adj+to do sth.发现做某事怎么样try to do sth.尽力做事try doing sth. 尝试做某事

try not to do sth .尽力不做某事try one's best尽某人最大的努力, borrow sth from sb.从某人处借入某物lend sth.to sb=lend sb.sth.借给某人某物practice doing sth.,练习做做某事

Look：look for 寻找look after=care for=take care of照顾

look up 向上看，查阅look like看起来像look at 看着look on sb. as把某人看作look forward to doing sth. 盼望，期待做某事look over检查，翻阅look out当心，向外看look through仔细查看

be ready for =get ready for=prepare for为…,

be (get ) ready to do sth.准备做某事，乐意做某事

take a message捎个信，leave a message留个信，

be good for 对…有好处，be good at =do well in擅长于…

be poor at =be bad at =do badly in=be weak in不擅长…

Think of 想起think about想出think over仔细考虑

make friends with sb.与某人交朋友

hear of听说hear from sb收到某人的来信

say hello to sb. 给某人问好say bye to sb.向某人说再见

show sb. around somewhere带某人参观某地，learn sth from sb.向某人学习dream about梦到dream of 梦见,

stay in bed呆在床上stay at home呆在家里walk to =go to…on foot步行去take off 脱下，起飞land on/in /at 着路come ture实现

sell out 卖光take a photo=take photos照相

have a problem in doing sth.做某事有困难，work out a problem解决一个问题reckon=consider =regard =think考虑，认为

go abroad,出国be abroad,在国外travel abroad,到国外旅行

sell sth at a high price,以高价出售，sell sth at a low price,以低价出售

arrive at (小地方)/in(大地方)=reach=get to ,到达

for a visit 参观, pay a visit to ,拜访

be famous for 因...面著名(原因), be famous as以...身份或产地而著名be named after 以...的名字命名be proud of 以....自豪

be up to sb.由某人决定drop out of school,缀学take part in, 参加

get on /along with sb,与...相处, get on well with sb.与...相处融洽

get on badly with ,与...相处不好get an education接受教育

belong to ,属于take sb. around带人四处走走

go on with sth.继续做某事, go on doing sth.继续做某事,

die of 患..而死,常接hunger, cold, illness,cancer内部原因,

die from由于..,而死,常接a wound ,an accident,carelessness外部原因,

learn to do sth学做某事, learn from sb.向某人学习,

Learn...by heart熟记,背诵, learn one's lesson from...从... 中吸取教训,

give in投降give up doing sth 放弃give out 分发give a way to 对...让步smile at sb. 朝着某人微笑laugh at sb.嘲笑某人fall into ,掉进,跌入

fall off 掉下fall behind ,落后,跟不上fall in love with,爱上be careful,小心be on 上演

have nothing to do 没事可做happen to do sth.碰巧做某事

wear out 穿坏,穿旧,用坏, cheer up 使振奋;使兴奋,

have something to do有事可做,have something to eat有可吃的东西,

have nothing to drink没有什么喝的东西feel tired感到疲劳be tired=get tired

名词词组

new term新学期next term 下学学期 a piece of advice 一条建议everyday English日常英语first price一等奖space station在太空站

The most exciting experience最激动人心的经历no problem没问题

one day,某一天，（过去或将来）some day某一天（将来）

the lastest news,最新消息

something wrong with...,出了毛病,lie in bed 躺在床上,

jump out of从...跳出来,on one's way to someplace,在某人去某地的路上

on one's way home在某人回家的路上,from ....to,从...到....(动词+Ving)

介词结构

around the world=all over the world全世界

at the end 在结束时at the end of在…尽头/结尾by the end of 到…末为止

in the end =finally，最后，终于，

just now=a moment ago用于过去时at taht /this time在那/这时

on business出差,因...公事in the sky=in the air在天空中by air=by plane坐飞机, in fact实际上in good/bad health身体健康/不健康,

with the help of sb.=wiht sb's help 在别人的帮助下without the help of sb.无人帮at the age of =when sb.was...years old, 在...岁的时候

in addition to=besides 除...以外on one's own独自by the way, 顺便说

in a tree=in the tree ,在树上(外来物) on a tree =on the tree,在树上,(树本身的)

数词

lots of =a lot of = a number of =many(可数名词复数) much(不可数)许多

the number of …的数目，后跟名词复数，动词用三单

more than ,=over,多于less than,少于most of.. ..的大多数

形容词

different kinds of =all kinds of 不同种类的，各种各样的，

句型

how about doing sth.=what about doing sth.做....怎么样

how often隔多久一次

why not 为什么不

what else?=what other things? 还有什么

How is it going ?=How are you getting on /along?近况如何?

What happened to sb.?某人发生了什么事？

It takes (took) sb.some time to do sth.做某事花去某人时间

it is +adj.+of sb +to do sth.写性格，品质kind

建议：1.why don't you do sth?=why not do sth?

2.How about doing sth?=what about doing sth?

3.You should /can do sth.

4.Remember to do sth.

5.Don't forget to do sth.

6.can you do sth ?

7.Let's do sth. 8.It'sa good idea to do

9.would you like to do ? 10.Shall we do

11.You'd better (not )do sth.

回答：That's a good idea.Thanks a lot.

Great, OK. That's right. All right. Good idea. Sure.

what's the price of …=how much is …问价格

have been to去过（现在不在那儿）, have gone to 去了（现在不在说话地）such+a /an +adj+单数名词=so +adj+a/an+单数名词(名前such，形副so，多多少少也用so,little属特殊，“小”用such,少用so.)

四个也：also,肯定，行前be 后；too肯定，句末；either,否定，句末；as well,肯定，句末。

as ...as....和....一样not as ...as..=not so ...as 不如,

so ...that如此...以致于....如果that后是否定,就可以用too...to转换,如果是肯定就用,形容+enough(for sb )to do sth.

prefer doing sth. to doing sth.=like doing sth better than doing sth更喜欢做某事, prefer to 更喜欢... prefer to do sth rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事, none 用于三个以上的全否定，反义为all；neither两个都不，反义为both,

in the last+一段时间,in th past +一段时间in the recent+ 一段时间,这三个用于现在完成时

非延续性动词变为延续动词：

buy--have open--be open join --be in borrow--keep die ---be dead

leave--be away come here---be here go there--be there begin--be on

finish--be over make friends--be friends get ready--be ready buy--get /have arrive/get to /reach/come--be in \be at /stay, put on--have on /wear get up--be up

可延续性动词不可以与for 或since 连用，非延续性动词的否定式也可以和for /since连用.

on earth ,究竟，到底，可用在when ,what ,who,where,how ,which,why 等之后，相当于in the world,用在否定句中相当于not ...at all；

not only....but also..不仅..而且(就近原则)上

neither....nor既不....又不,就近原则both....and既....又..... 就近原则either...or要么....要么.there be, not only...but also就近原则,,

反意疑问句:

1.先断"定",判断是否定或肯定.

如有not ,never, few, little, hardly, no ,nobody,seldom,nothing等词,则是否定,后面该用肯定.

2.后找"动",观察前面的动词,若含有或情态动词直接用,若为实义动词原形,用do,三单用does,过去式用did, had better用had

3.换代,主语定代词,三单用he ,she ,it ,复用they we ; somebody,nobody 类似的用they,和thing一起的用

4.肯定祈使句，反问句部分可用will you /won't you ？否定祈使句，用will you ？

5.Let's...用shall we? let us....用will you?,

6.在think,believe,suppose+从句结构中，疑问句部分与从句保持一致，同时主句的否定转移到从句中; 但第二，三人称与主句保持一致：I don't think you have done it ,have you? /He doesn't think you have done it ,does he?即：当主句人称是一，从句是二时，看二；当主句是三时，就看三。

7.回答只针对事实作答;Yes+肯定,No+否定

过去进行时

用法：1.表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或正存在的状态，一般常和at that time,at 点yesterday,then,last night,this time yesterday ,the whole morning,when I arrived 等特定的过去时间连用。

2.表示一个过去动作发生时或发生之后,另一个动作正在进行或两个延续性过去的动作同时进行,常与when,while引导的时间状语从句连用。

结构：was /were +V-ing

not ...until直到....才......(主句中常用非延续性动词)

till/until直到......为止(主句中常用延续性动词)

when,while ,as的区别当...时候

When可与持续性动词连用,表示"一段时间,"也可与短暂性动词连用,表示"时刻".主句的动作可以与从句的动作同时发生,也可以先后发生.如果主从句都是短暂性动词时,只能用When

While表示主句和从句的动作同时发生.其从句的动词必须为延续性动词,从句多用进行时态,也可用表示状态的动词的一般时态.如果主从句都是进行时,只能用While

as与When同义,但as指主句的动作和从句的动作交替进行或同步发展.

被动语态的结构是：be+及物动词的过去分词

变法：1主+谓+宾语.将宾语变作主语,将谓语变被动语态,将主语变by宾语. 2.主+谓+间宾+直宾将间接宾语变作主语,谓语变成被动语态,直接宾语不变. 3主+谓+直宾+间宾+to或for 将直变主,将谓变被告,其余不变.by原主

4.主+谓+宾+宾补宾作主,谓变被,其余不变,by原主.

5.主+谓+宾+宾补(let,see,make ,hear,watch ,feel, help, notice,observe,look at ,listen to )变为被动时，后加to

6.主+短语动词+宾语，宾作主，短变被，其余不变,by原主.

7.带有be going to,be about to ,be to ,have to ,used to ,be supposed to ,be sure to 等要将to后来动词变以被动

8.被动语态的每种时态

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Sarah won't e to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成：特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday? (二) should的用法： should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not. 例如：I think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。 She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot. 她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。

外研社八年级英语上册-知识点汇总

外研版八年级上册英语复习资料 Module1 复习资料 1 .give you some advice给你一些建议(advice 不可数名词) 2 .讲…语(speak +语言) 3.tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事 4.talk to sb.对某人谈话 5.read+文字类物;look与at 连用, have a look 3. how (what) about doing sth 做什么怎么样 4. ask (sb.) for sth. 请求某人获得…… 6.have a message(短信,信息) for sb. 有某人的信息 / give sb. a message给某人一条信息/ take a message for sb. 捎某人一个口信 leave a message for sb. 给某人留个口信 7. help sb with sth=help sb. to do sth.在某方面帮某人 8.translate sth. into sth.把……翻译成…… 9.send sth to sb=send sb. sth. 把某物寄(送)给某人 10.match sth. with sth. 把某物与某物搭配 11.不定代词,疑问副词(something, nothing, anything, everything,what)接else表其他某物 12. enjoy (doing) sth 享受(做)某事 13.take a long time 花很长一段时间 11. the meaning ofsth. 某物的意思 12 enjoy oneself =have a good time 过得开心 13 lots of sth. =a lot of sth. 许多 14 start a conversation 开始谈话 15 take a deep breath 深呼吸一下 16 a piece of paper一张纸 18 best wishes给予最好的祝愿 19 the number of sth. 某物的数量(后接动词单数) 20. a number of sth.许多某物(后接动词复数) 21. show / take sb around 带某人参观 22.write down sth. 写下 23.make mistakes 犯错 24.do some concerts开音乐会 25.on the Internet 在网上 26. a good idea 一个好主意 27. a pen friend 一个笔友 28. school orchestra 学校管弦乐队 29. in groups 分组 30. each other 各自 31. first of all= at first 首先 32. what else 还有其他什么 33. a piece of advice 一条建议 34. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人借入某物lend sth. to sb.借某物给某人 35.basic questions 基本的问题