三大从句
一.名词性从句
名词性从句相当于名词，一个从句在整个句子中充当名词的作用，它可以作为主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
名词性从句主要分为四种：主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句，同位语从句。
1.Who will win the match is unknown.
2.I want to know what he has told you.
3. The fact is that he had won the game.
4. The news that we won the game is exciting.
(一)宾语从句
宾语从句在复合句中做及物动词的宾语，或用作介词和某些表示心理活动的形容词后作宾语，或是用it 作为形式宾语代表宾语从句。
例:1. I think that it will be of no use.
2. It depends on whether the boss will agree to you or not.
宾语从句的连接词：that,（常用且一般可省略）who, what, whether/if（是否）which, whoever, whatever ，when, where, how, why. (连接词的选择要看从句的具体意思需要)
例：1. I know that you are a teacher.
2.I wonder if/ whether you are Mr Li.
3. Do you know what I will do next?
4. I can guess which team will win.
5. I don’t know when he will come.
6. I don’t know where he has gone.
7. They don’t know how they should help me.
8. Please give the book to whoever likes it.
注意：
①★宾语从句的语序一定是正常的语序，即陈述句的语序，先主语后谓语。
I don’t know who are you. (X)
I don’t know who you are. (∨)
②★从句的时态需跟主句相配合。主句为一般现在时，从句可根据需要选择各种时态；
主句为一般过去时时，从句通常用过去的时态。
③★介词后的宾语从句，引导词一般不用which，if，that，但可用what（常用，常常是充当从句的主语，宾语或表语），how, whether等引导。
④★that在所有的名词性从句中都不充当成分，在宾语从句中that可以省略。（二）主语从句
1.Whose watch was lost is unknown.
2.What we need is time.
3.Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.
4.Whether we will go for an outing remains unknown.
5.That he finished writing the composition surprised us all.
1.主语从句的连接词：
1）从属连词（从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用）：that，whether等. that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。注意: 已确定的事由that引导;没决定的事由whether引导.
That he will come is certain.
Whether it will please them is not easy to say.
2)连接代词（在从句中充当主语，宾语，或表语）who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever
What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.
Which side will win is not clear.
Whoever comes is welcome.
Whatever I have is yours.
3）连接副词when（从句中作时间状语）where （从句中作地点状语）how （从句中作方式状语）why（从句中作原因状语）Why he did it remains a mystery.
When they will start is not known yet.
How he became a great scientist is known to us all.
2.主语从句后置!
为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 如：1）. That we shall be late is certain. -- It’s certain that we shall be late.
2）. That the earth is round is known to all. -- It’s known to all that the earth is round.
用it作形式主语的that从句有以下几种不同的搭配：
1.It + be + 形容词＋that从句
2.It + be + -ed分词＋that从句
3.主语从句需注意的问题
1）“if”通常不能引导主语从句，要用“whether”引导。
2）主语从句中用陈述句语序
3）主语从句的“that”一般不能省。That price will go up is certain.
4）主语从句后谓语动词用第三人称单数That they haven’t phoned is strange. 5）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。
6）如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导. 误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful. 正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.
7）用于It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that...句型中, 主语从句谓语动词用“（should）+ 动词原形”的形式, should可以省略。例：It is imporant we (should) believe him.
8）在it + be + suggested/ advised/ required/ ordered/ requested/ insisted that…句型中从句谓语动词也用“（should）+ 动词原形”的形式. 例：It is suggested that we (should) go there by bus.
9）what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：
A：What you said yesterday is right. What在此引导主语从句,又做said的宾语B：That she is still alive is a consolation。That 只起连接作用,不做成分
（三）表语从句
1.定义：放在be动词和系动词后的从句。The question is who will do it.
2.可接表语从句的连系动词有be（is, am, are, was, were）, look, seem, sound,appear，remain, become, get等
China is no longer what she used to be.
The question remains whether they will be able to help us.
At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word.
3.表语从句的引导词
1）从属连词whether, as, as if / though引导的表语从句.if不能引导表语从句。
He looked just as he had looked ten years before.
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.
2）because, why引导的表语从句
That’s because he didn’t understand me.
That’s why he got angry with me.
The reason why I was sad was that he didn't understand me. （…的原因是…）
3）连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词where, when, how, why
The problem is whom we can get to replace her.
The question is how he did it.
That was what she did this morning on reaching the classroom.
This is where our problem lies.
4）从属连词that。that在表语从句中不充当句子成分，没有任何意义, 也不能省略。
The trouble is that I have lost his address.
4、使用虚拟语气的表语从句在表示“意愿，建议、劝告、命令”含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”should可省略。
常见的这些名词有：advice, suggestion, order, proposal, plan, idea等。
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
5、表语从句的应注意的问题：
1）. That在表语从句中既不充当成分，也没有任何意义
The fact is that he hasn’t yet recover from illness.
2）. What 在表语从句中充当主语、宾语/表语表示什么，什么样子，/所……的（人或事）.
A.The question is what caused the accident.
B. That mountain is no longer what it used to be
3）. Which 在引导表语从句时,常充当定语, 表语表示其中哪一个
I read about it in some book or another,but what I don’t know is which (book) it is. 4）. whether在表语从句中表“是否”,不充当句子的成分。if 不能引导表语从句。What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 5）. 当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用that来引导，而不能由because引导; because 引导表语从句时只能用于It/That/This is /was because…那是因为…
It/That/This is /was why…那就是为什么…
The reason ( why…) is/was that.. …的原因是…
（四）同位语从句
1. 定义：同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
2.同位语从句的功能同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，这些名词一般是抽象名词，常用名词有fact, news, hope, truth, idea, suggestion, thought, question, order, problem, belief, doubt, fear, result, information, opinion, demand, wish，promise, possibility, message,等.
常用引导词：that （常用不可省略）, who, when, where, why, how, whether等。
3.同位语从句的引导词
1）. 由that引导，在从句中不充当任何成分，只起引导作用，不可省略，也不能用which代替。
如：The fact that you have passed the exam is true.
比较宾语从句：I don’t know (that) you have passed the exam.
2）.由whether 引导，“是否”，注意：同位语从句中表示“是否”的意思时，不能用if。如：The problem whether we should visit her has been settled.(不能用if)
3）.由who, when, where, how 等引导
如：①I have no idea who will go with me.
②We haven’t solved the problem how we should go there.
③We haven’t solved the problem where we are going to spend the weekend.
④we have no idea when we will begin our holiday.
※同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处
1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。
The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.
（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）
The news that you told us is really encouraging.
（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的, 而非来自其他渠道。但消息是什么却不得而知。）
2. 引导从句的关联词that的功能不同:
①在that引导同位语从句中，从句是个完整的句子, that只是一个连接词, 不充当任何成分; that不能省略，不能用which代替。Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player. (that 不充当任何成分)
②在that引的定语从句中，从句不完整，缺少主语或宾语that是关系代词, 既指代先行词又在从句中充当主语或宾语，充当宾语时可以省略，可换成which. Dad made a promise that excited all his children. (that指代promise, 又在从句中充当主语.)
③定语从句不可用what, how, whether, 来引导，而同位语从句的关连词除了that 外，还可根据词义使用其它疑问代词或疑问副词，如who, when, where,how, whether等。
1. _______ makes his shop different is that it offers more personal
services. A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever
2. —It’s thirty years since we last met. —But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _______ we got
lost on a rainy night. A. which B. that C. what D. when
3.See the flags on top of the building? That was _______ we did this morning.
A.when
B. which
C. where
D. What
4.—Could you do me a favor? —It depends on _______ it is.
A.which
B. whichever
C. what
D. Whatever
5. These shoes look very good. I wonder _______.
A.how much cost they are
B. how much do they cost
C. how much they cost
D. how much are they cost
6.Doris' success lies in the fact _______ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.
A.which
B. that
C. when
D. why
7. Mary wrote an article on _______ the team had failed to win the game.
A. why
B. what
C. who
D. that
8.Do you have any idea _______ is actually going on in the classroom?
A.that
B. what
C. as
D. which
9.—Why does she always ask you for help? —There is no one else _______, is there?
A.who to turn to
B. she can turn to
C. for whom to turn
D. for her to turn
10.Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _______ it is rough or smooth. A. / B. whether C. how D. what
11.Danny left word with my secretary _______ he would call again in the afternoon.
A.who
B. that
C. as
D. which
12.Mum is coming. What present _______ for your birthday?
A.you expect she has got
B. you expect has she got
C. do you expect she has got
D. do you expect has she got
13.The way he did it was different ________ we were used to.
A. in which
B. in what
C. from what
D.from which
14. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _______
it was 20 years ago, _______ it was so poorly equipped.
A.what; when
B. that; which
C. what; which
D.which;that
英语三大从句精编版
复合句 【语法要点】 复合句是由一个主句加一个或几个从句所构成的句子。从句只用作句子的一个成分，不能独立。根据从句在句子中的作用，可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。 （一）名词性从句 名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。其关联词有连接词that、if、whether；疑问代词who、what、which和疑问副词when、where、how、why等。 1.名词性从句句法结构： 从 属 连 词that whether 主 语 从 句 That he will come is certain.（that不可省） Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much. （不能用if） 宾 语 从 句 I think（that）he will be all right in a few days. I went in and asked if（=whether）they had a cheap suit. I wonder whether（不能用if）it is true or not. 表 语 从 句 The fact is（that）I have never been there. The question is whether（不能用if）it is worth doing. 同 位 语 从 句 The fact that she had not said anything surprised all of us. They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing. 连接代词 that who whom whose which 主 语 从 句 Who will help him is not known. What he said is very important. Which side will win is not clear. 宾 语 从 句 （1）作及物动词的宾语。例如： I really don’t know what he is doing. Do you know who/whom they are waiting for? He asked whose dictionary it was. He can’t tell which method they will use for the experiment. （2）作介词的宾语。例如： Pay attention to what the teacher said. I wondered to whom he had given the letter. 表 语 从 句 That is what he is worried about. The question is who will come here. The question is which team will win the match.
中考英语三大从句练习与答案解析
中考从句讲与练 定语从句： （一）基础：引导词---who, which, that, whom, 练习1.I like cities___________are quiet and clean. 2.I prefer students _________are hard- working. 3.I hate TV shows _________ are noisy and boring. 4.The music __________ is gentle and quiet attracts me a lot. 5.The food __________tastes delicious is not always healthy. 6.Those boys ___________ are playing basketballs over there are from Class Fifteen. 7.The books ____________ are written by Lu Xun are worth reading. 8.The town ___we visited last week is much larger than before.9.The book ___ he bought is very interesting. （二）特例：只用that的情况 1先行词被___________或___________所修饰，或本身是______________________时，只能用 that， 2.被修饰的先行词为 ________________________________________________等不定代词时, 只能用 that. 3.先行词被 _____________________________________________等词修饰时，只能用 that，而不用 which。 4.先行词里同时含有______________________，如I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 5. 以______________________引导的特殊疑问句，只能用that.如： Who is the girl that is crying? 练习1. I am interested in everything___ is about the 2006 World Cup. 2. Is there anything___I can do for you? 3. This is the very bike ______I lost 4.To my surprise, he gave me nothing __ I need. 5.This is the best dictionary __ I have ever used. 6. He was the first person _______passed the exam. 7.He talked happily about the men and books________interested him greatly. （三）whose 1. The student ______father works in the factory is sitting there. 2. I like the rooms ______windows face south. 3. This is the desk ______legs were broken. 4The woman ___ umbrella you took is angry about it.5.Here comes a girl ___ handwriting is the best . 6The banana __skin is green can’t be eaten.7That tall tree _ leaves are yellow is very old. （四）从句谓语单复数由先行词确定，时态由从句时间状语决定，不必跟主句保持一致。 1-He is one of the boys who ____ (doesn’t, don’t) finish doing homework. 2-I like films which ____(be) exciting and interesting. 3-Children who often ____(eat) junk food are easy to become fat and unhealthy. 4-That boy who _____(run) fastest is from our class. 5Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be) 6The trees which _____ (be) watered yesterday belong to them. 7The man who ____ over there is our teacher.(stand) 8Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be) 9Mr. Brown is one of the foreign experts _______ _________ (work) in China. 10I’m one of the boys ______ ________(like) English best. (五)“介词＋关系代词”注意：介词的选用要考虑： A.与先行词的搭配关系 1）I will never forget the day __________ I joined the army. 2) I will never forget the days ______ I worked here. 3) I will never forget the year ____________ my son went to college. B. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯 1）Have you found the book ________I paid 29 dollars? 2）Have you found the book ________I spent 29 dollars? 3)Have you found the book _____________we learnt a lot? 4) Have you found the book _______she often talks? 关系副词的用法 练习：1. It must be a good place ________________we can do a lot of exercise.
英语三大类基本从句
PART1：英语从句三大类型 按一般说法，可分为三大类14种从句。 一,名词性从句 1主语从句Whether it's right or not remains to be seen. 2宾语从句I wonder whether it's right or not. 3同位语从句This is a question whether it's right or not. 4表语从句The question is whether it's right or not. 二,定语从句 1限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well. 2非限定性定语从句She is the student,who can speak English well. 三,状语从句 1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here. 2地点状语从句You can go wherever you like. 3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student. 4方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king. 5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well. 6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well. 7条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me. 8让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little. PART2：经典名词性从句 主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether，关系代词：who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。 That you don’t like him is none of my business.你不喜欢她不管我的事。What he said is true. 他说的是真的。 Do you remember how he arrived almost at the end of the party?你记得他几乎是在宴会快结束时才到的吗？ This party's really where it's at, man! 啊，这个晚会真棒！ Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.告诉我们,你们是怎样提前完成这一艰巨任务的。 We have reason to believe that the fighting on the border may develop into a full-blown war. (喻)我们有理由相信边境上的冲突可能发展成一场全面战争。 He said that he would come. 他说他要来。 Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。
精选高中英语三大从句总结+练习
高考英语定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句综合练习 一定语从句 1.定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句为定语从句，如： The novels that were written by Lu Xun were not easy to understand. 2.定语从句的构成要素 （1）先行词： （2）关系词： （3）从句： 3.定语从句的关系词 that which （1）关系代词who whom whose as when （2）关系副词where why 4.关系词的句法功能： （1）关系代词在定语从句中作______________，关系副词在定语从句中作_______________，关系代词作宾语时可以省略； （2）关系副词在定语从句中作______________。 5.定语从句解题方法 找准先行词，将先行词带入定语从句，使定语从句成为一个完整的句子，再分析从句的句子成分。若从句缺主语或宾语选用_____________________，若从句却状语，选用_____________________。 二、名词性从句 1.名词性从句分类 （1）主语从句 （2）宾语从句 （3）表语从句 （4）同位语从句 2.名词性从句的语序 名词性从句使用________________语序 3.名词性从句的引导词 连接词：that, whether, if
名从引导词连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whomever, whomever 连接副词：when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 4.名词性从句引导词的句法功能 （1）连接词： （2）连接代词： （3）连接副词 5.名词性从句解题方法 三、状语从句 1.状语从句的引导词： 时间状语从句： 地点状语从句： 原因状语从句： 让步状语从句： 条件状语从句： 结果状语从句： 目的状语从句： 比较状语从句： 方式状语从句： 2.状语从句解题方法 The evening, _________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when 2.（2010福建）We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have _____we have here and treat food nicely. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 3.（2008湖南）__________ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. A. If B. While C. Because D. As 4.（2008重庆）They will fly to Washington, _________ they plan to stay for tow or three days. A. where B. there C. which D. when
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即 状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以 下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属 于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外， 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先 行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语 里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first
三大类从句的引导词
引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等 定义:如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句. 第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语 （1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised me. （2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.（3）Who will be our monitor has't been decided yet. （4） Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.（5）What caused the accident remains unknown. （6）Whatever you did is right. （7）Whose watch was lost is unknown. （8）What we need is time. （9）What we need are good doctors. 小结: （1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等
（2)连词位于句首不能省略 （3)主语从句大多数情况下视为单三,但也有例外,如例9 第二部分：为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末 （1）It is certain that he will win the match. （2）It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. （3）It is very likely that they will hold a meeting. （4）It is strange that he should do that. （5）It is important that we all should attend the meeting.（6）It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas. （7）It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our vacation. （8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident. （9）It is said that he has gone to Taiwan.(=He is said to have gone to Taiwan)
初中英语三大从句详解
在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。 以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause）,顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句在所有的从句中,算定语从句最难掌握,因为汉语里没有定语从句,汉语里只有定语,而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词,并且在定语从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which 。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示：格 先行词主格宾格所有格 人who whom whose 物which which whose of which 人、物that that — （一）关系代词who, whom 和whose 的用法 who 代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school. 我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。 whom 代替人,是宾格,在定语从句作宾语,在非正式英语常可省略。例如： Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位 先生你认识吗？ This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago. 这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。 The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式英语中, 主格who 代替了宾格whom, 亦可省略） whose 一般代替人,有时亦可代替物,是所有格,在定语从句作定语。例如： The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名 字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which ，意思是：the window of the hotel 。）
三大从句语法
从句可分为三类:即名词性从句、形容词性从句(即定语从句)和副词性从(即状语从句)。引导从句的词称作关联句。 一、名词性从句 引导这些名词性从句的关联词包括：从属连词：that, if, whether连接代词：who, whoever whom, whomever ,which ,whichever ,what ,whatever ,whose 连接副词where, when, why, how。其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分,而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分. 不可省略的连词：1. 介词后的连词 2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won. 比较：whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代：1. whether 引导主语从句并在句首 2.引导表语从句 3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 从句后有"or not" 例：Whether he will come is not clear. The fact is that he didn't go to the dinner party. I don't know if he will attend the meeting. 1. 在含有主语从句的复合句中, 为保持句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句置于句末. That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如： It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。 It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。 用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： A It + be +形容词+ that-从句例：It is necessary that…有必要……It is important that…重要的是……It is obvious that… 很明显…… B. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句例如：It is believed that…人们相信……It is known to all that…从所周知……It has been decided that… 已决定…… C. It + be +名词+ that-从句例：It is common knowledge that………是常识It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……It is a fact that… 事实是…… D. It +不及物动词+ that-分句例：It appears that…似乎……It happens that…碰巧……It occurred to me that… 我突然想起…… 2. 为保持句子平衡, that引导的宾语从句也常用it代替, 而将真正的宾语从句置于主句句末。这常常出现在主句有形容词或分词作宾语补足语的情况下。 He made it quite clear that he preferred to live here. 3. 从属连词whether和if都作“是否…”解, 但if不可引导主语从句和表语从句。whether可与or(not)连用, 而if不可以。I don't know whether (if) she is at home. Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 4. that和what引导名词性从句的区别: that在从句中不充当成分,而what在从句中充当一定的成分, 如主语、表语、宾语等。that可省略, what则不可省。 He always means what he says. She suggested (that) he do it at once. 5. 同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导, 常跟在下列名词后面, 如fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等, that不可省。同位语从句一般用来解释说明这些名词的具体含义和内容。We are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms. The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging. 二、形容词性从句 引导定语从句的关联词包括: (1)关系代词:that, which, whose, who, whom, as; (2)关系副词:when, where, why。 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成分,关系代词在句中充当动词的宾语时, 一般可省去。关系代词的选用比较复杂, 它受下列条件的制约: (1)先行词是指人还是指
英语三大从句
英语三大从句 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。 定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which 。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： （一）关系代词who, whom 和whose 的用法 who 代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。 An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 whom 代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。 Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图 书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ whose 一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。 The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose 指代先行词hotel ，正式用法应该用of which 。whose window=the window of which ，意思是：the window of the hotel 。） （二）关系代词which 的用法 which 代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。 I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which 可以换成that ） （三）关系代词that 的用法that 既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。：Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that 可以换成who ） Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge? 放在冰箱的冰激凌哪儿去了？（that 可以换成 which ） Is this the book that you want to buy? 这是你要买的那本书吗？（that 可以换成which ，在定语从句作宾语，还可以省略） 二、关系副词引导的定语从句常用的关系副词只有三个：when, where, why ，在定语从句中充当时间、地点和原因状语。 （一）关系副词when 的用法 关系副词when 代替的先行词表示的是时间，when 在定语从句作时间状语。 In Beijing July and August are the months when it rains very often. 北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份。（when 先行词是months ） （二）关系副词where 的用法关系副词where 代替的先行词表示的是地点，where 在定语从句作地点状语。
中考英语三大从句练习及答案解析
中考英语三大从句练习及答案解析 定语从句： （一）基础：引导词---who, which, that, whom, 练习1.I like cities___________are quiet and clean. 2.I prefer students _________are hard- working. 3.I hate TV shows _________ are noisy and boring. 4.The music __________ is gentle and quiet attracts me a lot. 5.The food __________tastes delicious is not always healthy. 6.Those boys ___________ are playing basketballs over there are from Class Fifteen. 7.The books ____________ are written by Lu Xun are worth reading. 8.The town ___we visited last week is much larger than before.9.The book ___ he bought is very interesting. （二）特例：只用that的情况 1先行词被___________或___________所修饰，或本身是______________________时，只能用 that， 2.被修饰的先行词为 ________________________________________________等不定代词时, 只能用 that. 3.先行词被 _____________________________________________等词修饰时，只能用 that，而不用which。 4.先行词里同时含有______________________，如I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 5. 以______________________引导的特殊疑问句，只能用that.如： Who is the girl that is crying? 练习1. I am interested in everything___ is about the 2006 World Cup. 2. Is there anything___I can do for you? 3. This is the very bike ______I lost 4.To my surprise, he gave me nothing __ I need. 5.This is the best dictionary __ I have ever used. 6. He was the first person _______passed the exam. 7.He talked happily about the men and books________interested him greatly. （三）whose 1. The student ______father works in the factory is sitting there. 2. I like the rooms ______windows face south. 3. This is the desk ______legs were broken. 4The woman ___ umbrella you took is angry about it.5.. 6The banana __skin is green can’t be eaten.7That tall tree _ leaves are yellow is very old. （四）从句谓语单复数由先行词确定，时态由从句时间状语决定，不必跟主句保持一致。 1-He is one of the boys who ____ (doesn’t, don’t) finish doing homework. 2-I like films which ____(be) exciting and interesting. 3- 4-That boy who _____(run) fastest is from our class. 5Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be) 6The trees which _____ (be) watered yesterday belong to them. 7The man who ____ over there is our teacher.(stand) 8Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be) 9Mr. Brown is one of the foreign experts _______ _________ (work) in China. 10I’m one of the boys ______ ________(like) English best. (五)“介词＋关系代词”注意：介词的选用要考虑： A.与先行词的搭配关系 1）I will never forget the day __________ I joined the army. 2) I will never forget the days ______ I worked here. 3) I will never forget the year ____________ my son went to college.
三大类从句简析
英语三大类从句简析 叫什么从句就看该从句充当什么成分 主语从句就是在句中充当主语的从句what he did made me angry 他的所作所为让我恼火 宾语从句就是在句中充当宾语的从句He said that he would not go to school tomorrow 他说他明天不去上学 定语从句就是在句中充当宾语的从句The boy whom i talked to is my cousin 跟我说话的那个男孩儿是我表弟 表语从句就是在句中充当表语的从句The house is not what it used to be 那所房子不是它原来的那个样子了 状语从句就是在句中充当状语的从句有原因时间让步等状语从句 原因状语从句She was late for school because she overslept 因为睡过头了所以她迟到了 时间状语从句when I was 5 years old,my parents divorced 当我五岁的时候父母离异了 让步状语从句Although I liked the watch very much,I donated it to the children in the rural region 尽管我非常喜欢这只手表但是我还是把它捐给了山区的孩子 同位语从句就是在句中充当同位语的从句 同位语从句通常起解释说明作用通常由that引导that不做成分没有词义 最常见的同位语从句：Word came that the US president Barrack Obama was going to visit China. 消息传来美国总统奥巴马将访问中国that the US president Barrack Obama was going to visit China 就是word 的同位语从句从句讲述的就是news的内容所以同位语从句起解释说明作用 第一大类：定语从句 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 分析句子中得定语从句。 1.Don't forget the things that once you owned. Treasure the things that you can't get. Don't give up the things that belongs to you and keep those lost things in memory. 曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃;已经失去的，留作记忆。 2.I must find an ideal job after graduating from college, one that can provide me with both interest a nd money. 第二大类：名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 找出下列短文中的名词性从句 There was an accident on the corner of the Roman Street this morning. No witness saw what on earth happened then. A car crashed into a truck but luckily, no one got injured. Who will be responsible for the accident is still on investigation. The police is uncertain about the cause that led to the accident. The truck driver looked as