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现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)

现在完成时讲解

一、构成:

肯定式：主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.

疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?

否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.

过去分词规则变化：

a)一般情况下，直接加ed, （work---worked，water---watered, finish---finished等;）

b)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, （carry-- -carried study---studied等;）

c)以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词，要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。（stop---stopped，shop---shopped）

d)以不发音的e结尾的动词，只加d （

过去分词不规则变化表：

二、用法：

用法一：表示过去（已经、曾经或从未）发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

标志词：①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before,

⑦once/twice/数字+ times

例：I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了)

They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里

I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。)

I have been there twice.

a）already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；yet 用于否定句和疑问句。

?He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。

?Has he already left here? 他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）

?My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。

?Have you written to your parents yet? 你已经给你父母写过信了吗？

b）never 是否定词，表示“从来没有”，而ever 表示“曾经”

?We have never been to the Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。

?Have you ever been to Canada? 你们曾经去过加拿大吗？

c）just用于句中, 表示“刚刚”

?I’ve just had breakfast. 我刚吃完早饭。

?What have they just done? 他们刚刚做了什么？

d）before用于句末, 表示“以前”

?I’ve seen it before.我以前见过它。

练习：用never，ever，already，before, just或yet填空。

1. I have __________seen him before, so I have no idea about him.

2. Jack has __________finished his homework.

3. --Have you _________seen the film? --No, I have ________seen it.

4. ---Has the bus left _______? ---Yes, it has ________ left.

5. Would you like to go to the zoo with me? Yes, but I have been there _________.

★has gone to, has been to, has been in 的区别：

1. have/has gone to 去了某地（还在某地没回来）

---Where is your father? 你爸爸在哪里？

---He has gone to Shanghai. 他去上海了。

2. have/has been to 曾经去过（已回，已不在去过的地方）+次数（once/twice/ 数字+times）

My father has been to Shanghai 3 times. 我爸爸去过上海3次。

画线提问：________________ has your father been to Shanghai?

3. have/has been in 待了多久（去了，现在仍在所待的地方）+ for + 时间段/

+ since + 时间点

My father has been in Shanghai for two months/ since two months ago. 我爸已经在上海待了两个月了。画线提问：_______________has your father been in Shanghai?

▲注意：注意遇到四个地点副词要去掉to/in，这四个地点副词是：here ,there ,home ,abroad

练习：用have gone to / have been to / have been in / went to 填空。

1. _____ you ever _____ Disneyland?

2. How many times _____ you _____ Disneyland ?

3. I _____ Nanjing since two years ago

4. Mr. Li _____ Hong Kong. And he'll come back in two days.

5. —How long _____ you _____ Disneyland ?

—For three days. I __________ the theme park last Sunday.

6. My father __________ Hong Kong two weeks ago.

7. My father __________ Hong Kong in 2005.

8. My father __________ Hong Kong since 2005.

9. My father __________ Hong Kong twice.

10. My father __________ Hong Kong and he hasn't come back yet.

11. —Where's Lucy?

—She has__________ to a restaurant for lunch.

12. Have you __________ to this park before.

13. I have__________ there only once this year.

14. She has __________ to the shop to buy a notebook.

15. You're late, Lao Wang has __________ to Guangzhou.

用法二：表示过去已经开始, 并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

标志词：⑦up to now, ⑧so far, ⑨for +时间段⑩since+时间点

I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。

She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时

a) for +一段时间

Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. 我在这里5周了。

He’s studied English for 3 years.他学习英语3年了。

b) since +(表示过去某一时间的)时间点/单词/词组/ 从句(一般过去时)

Eg. I have been here since 2000. 我自从2000年开始在这里。

I have been here since 5 years ago. 我自从5年前就在这里。

I have been here since I graduated in 2000. 我自从2000年毕业就在这里。

注：1) 对for或since引导的时间状语提问必须用how long, 决不能用when.

Eg. I have lived here for 10 years. 画线提问：________ _______ have you lived here?

注2): 短暂性动词不能和for或since引导的时间状语连用, 当然也不能用于how long引导的问句中Eg. (误)I have left there for 5 years.

(正)I have been away there for 5 years.

★为了表述这种意思,我们常用相应的延续性动词来代替短暂性动词。

become →be, begin→have , borrow →keep, buy →have,

go out →be out come (go, arrive, get) →be in die→be dead,

finish→be over, join→be in …（be a member of …）leave→be away ( from…), open→be open close→be closed

练习：选用for和since填空:

1.We haven’t seen each other ______ a long time.

2.His father has been in the Party ______ 10 years ago.

3.The film has been on ______ 20 minutes.

4.Mr Green has worked here ______ he came to China.

5.His grandparents have been dead ______ several years.

6. It’s five years _______ we met last time.

三、与一般过去时的用法比较

1现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响,而一般过去时，则只讲述发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系，常与表示过去的时间连用。

eg：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已经买了一本英汉字典。

He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾买过一本英汉字典。

第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it”“过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典”。

第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强

调说明。

2．常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语:

yesterday(昨天), the day before yesterday(前天),

just now(刚才)，时间+ ago, last +时间等;

eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago.

We finished our task last week .

现在完成时练习题

一．单项选择

1.I have been living here _____ 1999.

A. for

B. after

C. in

D. since

2._____ have you been playing the guitar? For 5 years.

A. How soon

B. How long

C. How far

D. How often

3.______ may I keep these books? For two weeks.

A. How often

B. How far

C. How long

D. How soon

4.______ have you been here? I’ve been here for months.

A. How long

B. How often

C. How much

D. How many

5. The boy ______TV all morning.

A. has watched

B. had watched

C. has been watching

D. watched

6. How long _____ you _____ stamps? Since two years ago.

A. have, collected

B. did, collect

C. have , been collecting

D. are, collecting

7.They are still working in the fields. They ______ for two hours.

A. was working

B. has been working

C. worked

D. are working

8.He looks tired. Oh , he ____ for three hours.

A. have been skating

B. have been skated

C. has been skating

D. has been skated

9. He ______ it for two hours, and he is still watching now.

A. has been

B. watching

C. has been watching

D. is watching

10. The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years.

A. is writing

B. was writing

C. wrote

D. has written

11.Harry Potter is a very nice film . I_______ it twice.

A. will see

B. have seen

C. saw

D. see

12.His father ______ the Party since 1978.

A. joined

B. has joined

C. was in

D. has been in

13.How long have you ____ here？—About two months.

A. been

B. gone

C. come

D. arrived

14.Hurry up！The play _____ for ten minutes.

A. has begun

B. had begun

C. has been on

D. began

15 It _____ ten years since he left the army.

A. is

B. has

C. will

D. was

16.My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.

A. have been in

B. have been to

C. have gone to

D. have been

17.____has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he ____to China？

A. How soon，comes

B. How often，got

C. How long，came

D. How far，arrived

18. His uncle ____ for more than 9 years.

A. has come here

B. has started to work

C. has lived there

D. has left the university

19.Sarah has been sleeping ______ 2:00 pm.

A. for

B. at

C. in

D. since

20.The students have cleaned the classroom，_____？

A. so they

B. don‘t they

C. have they

D. h aven’t they

二．句型转换：

1.I have been watching the football match for half an hour.（划线提问）

_______ ________ _______ you been watching the football match?

2.He has been studying Japanese for two years.（同义句转换）

He has been studying Japanese ______ two years ______.

3.We started the party two hours ago.（划线提问）

______ _______ you ________ the party?

4.The old man _____ last year.

He __________________for a year. （die）（动词填空）

5.Do you swim every day?（用for two hours 改写）

_______ you ________ for two hours.

6.Miss Gao left an hour ago. （同义句转换）

Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour.

7.Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .

8.The Green Family moved to France two years ago. （同义句转换）_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.、

三、动词填空

1. _____ you ________(clean) the room?

Yes, we __________(do) that already.

When _______ you ______(do) it?

We _______(do) it an hour ago.

2.______ he ______(see) this film yet? Yes.

When _____ he _____(see) it?

He ______ it last week.

3. How many times _____you______(be) there?

四、汉译英。

1、吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。

2、他昨天收到一封信。

3、我父亲以前到过长城。

4、她还没有看过那部新电影。

5、她去过上海。

6、他这些天上哪儿去了？

7.这车你买多长时间了？三年了。

8.你洗盘子了吗？没有。我马上去做。

9.你离开家乡几年了？十年了。

10.这本书我借了一周了。

人教版八年级下册现在完成时专项讲解

现在完成时现在完成时（present perfect tense）通常表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，而且还可能继续下去，或者表示过去的行为对现在造成一定的影响，可能还会产生结果等。 1.现在完成时结构 1.1.助动词have/has+动词过去分词。其中，助动词要随着主语的变化而变化，当主语是第三人称单数时，助动词要用“has”。例：Have you finished your work? He says that he has seen UFOs many times. 1.2.现在完成时的缩写形式：I have=I ’ve have not= haven’t has not= hasn’t 例：I’ve finished my work./He hasn’t finished his work. 1.3.现在完成时的一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+have/has.否定回答：No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t. 例：----Have you finished your work?----Yes,I have./No,l haven’t. ----Have they arrived?----Yes,they have./No,they haven’t. 1.4.1.通过加-ed的形式来构成规则动词的过去分词，就像我们构成这些动词的过去式方法一样。大多数动词后+ed.如finish---finished. 以字母e为结尾的动词后+d,如change---changed. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，去掉y,再加ied.如carry---carried.

现在完成时趣味讲解

现在完成时趣味讲解现在完成时的含义可与现在完成时态相连用的常见时间状语瞬间动词在现在完成时态中的用法现在完成时的含义在当今常见的语法书中对现在完成时的定义大多是：现在完成时是指过去发生的至今已经完成或还在继续的动作。在笔者2011年于《海外英语》中发表的《have + -en的构式研究》中曾指出这一说法的稍欠妥之处。因为过去发生的“已经完成”或“未完成”容易让学生产生疑惑：究竟是不是完成时？笔者认为易仲良教授提出的“式态”的说法以及马承老师提出的“现在完成时表示过去已经发生而与现在情况有关系的动作”这一说法更能让学生理解。事实上，我在初中的教学过程当中也是这样跟学生讲解的，学生们能够较好的理解这一说法，并能自然地将现在完成时与一般过去时区分开来。常与现在完成时相连的时间状语在初中阶段，多数考查现在完成时的句子当中都有较为明显的时间状语标志词，比如以下的这些句子（均摘录自人教版教材）：

Have you read Treasure Island yet? I’ve already read it. Have you ever been to a museum? I’ve never been to a science museum. I’ve had this bike for three years. 如果在实际的教学过程当中孤立地让学生记忆这些时间状语标志，无疑会给学生增大学习难度。为了能够提高学生的学习兴趣，我认为可以通过口诀韵律的方式让学生较快地掌握：以前（before）从来不（never）出现，最近（recently）曾经（ever）一两遍（once/twice/many times…）, 自从（since+时间点）刚刚（just）for一段（for+一段），至今（so far/up to now）已经（already/yet）很明显。在实际的教学过程当中，教师可有意识地讲述两个“已经”(already/yet)及（since/for）的区别着重分章节讲解，让学生在有了整体概念的基础上对各个考点进行突破。瞬间动词在现在完成时中的用法在人教版的课本附录的语法讲解中，我们可以看到：“某些动词的现在完成时可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在（包括”现在“在内）的动作或状态，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词”。如：

英语过去完成时练习全集及解析

英语过去完成时练习全集及解析一、初中英语过去完成时 1．She said when she got to the cinema, the film ________ for 5 minutes. A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. had been on 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：她说当她到达电影院的时候，电影已经开始五分钟了。根据got 可知，电影开始五分钟属于在过去某时间前已经存在的状态，应该用过去完成时，所以排除A和C。开始begin，电影已经开始了五分钟是存在的状态，要用延续性的动词，所以要将瞬间动词begin改为be on，故选D。【点评】此题考查动词的时态问题以及瞬间动词和延续性动词的区别。 2．Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert. A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：西蒙举行第一次音乐会时，他已经弹了很多年钢琴了。根据时间状语when he gave his first concert.可知此处用过去的时态，表示先弹钢琴弹了很多年，然后开了音乐会，表示过去的过去，应该用过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词，故答案为C。【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的意义（过去的过去）和构成：had+动词的过去分词。 3．By the time I finished my homework，my mother ． A. slept B. has been asleep C. was asleep D. had been asleep 【答案】 D 可知此处应为过去完成时，故选 D. 和“ finished” 【解析】【分析】由上文“By the time ” 【点评】考查过去完成时。 4．By the end of 2012, many buildings built in our city. A. have been B. have C. had been D. will 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：到2012年底，我们的城市里已经建成了很多大楼。Buildings是build这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态。而被动语态是由“be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。根据By the end of 2012可知该用过去完成时，所以选C。

八年级英语下册-现在完成时态的讲解与练习-人教新目标版

现在完成时讲解与练习 1.构成现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 2.用法（1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如： -Have you had lunch yet -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了）（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。\ 如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教） I have't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 3．结构 1）．陈述句结构：主语＋have( has)（not）+过去分词＋其它。have not=h aven’t has not=hasn’t. 2）．一般疑问句结构：Have( Has )＋主语＋过去分词＋其它 3）．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋have(has) +主语+ 过去分词＋其它 eg. He has already finished his homework. He hasn’t finished his homework yet. Has he finished his homework yet --Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t./ No, not yet. （3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。 4.现在完成时的时间状语（1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。 a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。 They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。 b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。如 -Have you ever been to the Great Wall你曾经去过长城吗 -I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。 c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。例如： I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。 He has been there three times the last few years.近几年他去过那里三次了。 d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如：now, today, this morning (month ,year, term)等。例如 -Have you met him today-No,I haven't.今天你见过他吗我没有。 How many times have you been there this year 今年你去过那里多少次（2）现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。如：I haven't seen him for two years. 但是，像come, arrive, buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换： arrive→be here begin(start)→be on die →be dead come back→be back leave →be away fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep) get up→be up go out → be out finish →be over put on →wear 或be on open →be open join →be in或 be a member of… close →be closed go to school→be a student borrow →keep buy →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study→study come to work →work等如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。

过去完成时用法详解

过去完成时用法小结一、过去完成时适用场合 1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。 I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。 The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。 By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。 2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for，since等词连用。如： He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。 He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。 He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。 3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。如： Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。 4. 过去完成时也用于hardly...when...（刚…就…）, no sooner...than... （刚…就…）, It was the first time + that分句等一些固定句型中。

中考中考英语总复习现在完成时专项及解析

中考中考英语总复习现在完成时专项及解析一、初中英语现在完成时 1．Little Tom his home for more than ten years. A. leaves B. left from C. will leave D. has been away from 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：小汤姆离开家已经十年了。由句中“for more than ten years”可知. 句中的谓语动词需使用延续性动词。leave对应的延续性动词为be away。【点评】考查现在完成时。 2．—Do you still play basketball? —Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years. A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。 3．I scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old. A. will be B. was C. have been D. would be 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】由since引导的从句可知主句应用现在完成时，故答案为C。句意是：自从我五岁时被狗伤过之后我就一直怕狗。【点评】本题考查现在完成时的用法。 4．—Where is your father? — . A. He has been to Shanghai B. He has been in Shanghai C. He has gone to Shanghai D. He have been to Shanghai 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：－你的父亲在哪儿？－他去上海了。Have been to去过某地（已回）；have been in在……；have gone to去了某地（未回）。本题中父亲是人们在找的人，所以是去了某地，还没回来，用have gone to。主语he是三人称单数，用has gone to。故选C。

过去完成时讲解练习

过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。基本结构：主语+had+过去分词(done) ①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其他. ②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词+其他. ③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其他肯定回答：Yes,主语+had. 否定回答：No,主语+had not . ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词+其他）基本用法。（1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。

（2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since 构成的时间状语连用。例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。（3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。例如：Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. ~ 史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。 I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。（4）在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed.

过去完成时讲解

过去完成时一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在构成：过去完成时由“助动词 had + 过去分词”构成，其中 had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning. 二、过去完成时的判断依据 1. 由时间状语来判定一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：（ 1 ）宾语从句中当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如： She said that she had seen the film before. （ 2 ）状语从句中在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如： When I got to the station, the train had already left.

英语现在完成时专项

英语现在完成时专项一、单项选择现在完成时 1．Never _______ a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or nobler thing than you. A．did I see B．have I seen C．I saw D．I have seen 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】考查时态和倒装。句意：我从未见过比你更伟大、更美丽、更冷静、更高贵的东西。Never 位于句首时，要进行部分倒装，强调过去的动作对现在的影响要用现在完成时，故B项正确。【点睛】倒装是高中英语的常见考点，注意当含有否定意义的词，如never，hardly，seldom，little，few，not until及not only等位于句首时，其后需要用部分倒装。 2．The disease is a huge blow for the farmers. Hundreds of them ______ their animals, livelihood and hopes destroyed and many others fear they _____ the same fate. A．have seen; will suffer B．saw; suffered C．had seen; was to suffer D．see; suffer 【答案】A 【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：这种疾病对农民来说是一个巨大的打击。数以百计的人目睹了他们的动物、生计和希望被摧毁，还有许多人担心他们会遭受同样的命运。结合句意可知第一空用现在完成时态；第二空用一般将来时态。故选A。 3．The Greens moved back to the countryside in 2008 and ________ a happy and peaceful life there ever since. A．are leading B．lead C．led D．have led 【答案】D 【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：格林一家2008年搬回农村，从此过上了幸福安宁的生活。根据句中时间状语，ever since自从那时候起，可知，指从2008年一直持续到现在，故用现在完成时。故选D。 4．With people paying attention to fitness, self-service mini-gyms, each covering about 5 square meters, ________ in China’s major cities these years. A．have sprung up B．sprang up

现在完成时讲解及练习(附答案)-名师精讲

现在完成时先看几个例句： 1. I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间。 2. He hasn’t finished his homework. 他还没完成作业。 3. Have you read this novel ? 你看过这本小说吗？ : make--- hurry---watch--- swim--- be--- talk--- want--- study--- stop--- take--- see--- like---

二、用法：1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了) They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch.--我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿 2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态, I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。 She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时 3表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历. I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。) I have been there twice. 动词填空： 1._____ you ________(clean) the room? Yes, we __________(do) that already. When _______ you ______(do) it?

过去完成时讲解及练习带答案

定义过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。基本结构主语+had+过去分词vpp.(done) ①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词. ②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词. ③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+had. 否定回答：No,主语+had not . ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词）？基本用法（1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。（2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。（3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。例如：Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。 I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。（4）在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已归还了我借的书。 She found the key that she had lost. 她丢失的钥匙找到了。（5）过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。例如：He said that he had known her well. 他说他很熟悉她。 I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。（6）状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。如when,before,after,as soon as,till/until引导的

外研版英语英语现在完成时专题复习含答案解析

外研版英语英语现在完成时专题复习含答案解析一、初中英语现在完成时 1．—Look! Your teacher Miss White is over there. —No, it can't be her. She ______ to Beijing. A. has gone B. has been C. went D. will go 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：--看！你的老师怀特小姐在那边。--不，那肯定不是她。她去了北京。A. has gone去了某地，表示该人不在说话地点； B. has been去过某地，表示主语曾经去过某地，有这种经历；C. went过去式，去；D. will go将来时态，将要去。根据前面的否定猜测，可知怀特小姐去了北京，故选A。【点评】考查固定搭配have gone to。 2．Mike used to be a top student, but he behind since he lost himself in computer games. A. fell B. has fallen C. was D. has been 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意为“Mike过去是尖子生，但自从迷上电子游戏以来成绩落后了”。由since可知but后的主句用现在完成时，瞬间动词fall不能和since引导的时间状语从句连用，故用延续性动词be。故选D。【点评】本题考查现在完成时中非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换。 3．He has studied in our school __________. A. since five years B. for five years C. for five years ago D. in five years 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：他已经在我们学校学习五年了。has studied是现在完成时，和for+段时间连用，since+过去时间和现在完成时连用，in+段时间和一般将来时连用，故选B。【点评】考查时间状语。根据句意选出正确的时间状语。 4．He ________ for ten years. A. has been married B. married C. got married D. had married 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:他结婚十年了。根据句意可知是从过去持续到现在的动作，应该用

初中过去完成时讲解

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现在完成时讲解及练习

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